CN214581778U - Solar photovoltaic hot water system - Google Patents
Solar photovoltaic hot water system Download PDFInfo
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- CN214581778U CN214581778U CN202120355352.4U CN202120355352U CN214581778U CN 214581778 U CN214581778 U CN 214581778U CN 202120355352 U CN202120355352 U CN 202120355352U CN 214581778 U CN214581778 U CN 214581778U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a solar photovoltaic field provides a solar photovoltaic hot-water system. The system comprises an integrated controller, a voltage detection piece, a current detection piece, a photovoltaic panel group, a plurality of heat storage water tanks and a main control panel which corresponds to the heat storage water tanks one by one; the photovoltaic panel group comprises a plurality of photovoltaic panels which are connected in series and/or in parallel, the voltage detection piece is used for detecting the output voltage of the photovoltaic panel group, and the current detection piece is used for detecting the output current of the photovoltaic panel group; be equipped with water tank temperature sensor and equivalent electric heating element in the heat storage water tank, equivalent electric heating element's resistance value is adjustable, and all equivalent electric heating element connect in parallel each other, and centralized control ware is connected with photovoltaic board crowd electricity, and centralized control ware and the main control board wireless connection that states, the main control board passes through auxiliary relay and connects to the electric wire netting outward. The utility model discloses not only reduced area, simplified the wiring, but also improved the utilization efficiency of photovoltaic board, realized the maximum power point tracking of photovoltaic board crowd.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a solar photovoltaic technology field especially relates to a solar photovoltaic hot-water system.
Background
With the improvement of the solar photovoltaic power generation efficiency, the solar photovoltaic water heater is produced. The solar photovoltaic water heater is a water heater which converts solar energy into electric energy and then heats water by using the electric energy. Compared with the traditional solar photo-thermal system, the solar photovoltaic water heater at least has the following advantages: firstly, the solar photovoltaic water heater heats water by using electric energy and does not depend on a medium, namely water and an antifreeze solution, so that the phenomena of leakage, overflow, dripping, leaking and freezing and the like are avoided. Secondly, the electric heating replaces the medium for heat transfer, thereby not only saving space but also greatly reducing energy loss. Thirdly, the photovoltaic electric energy used by each household can be measured, and the problem that the traditional solar photo-thermal system cannot measure the photovoltaic electric energy is solved.
At present, each solar photovoltaic water heater is matched with one photovoltaic plate, and the solar water heater of each household operates independently, namely, each photovoltaic plate only supplies power for the solar photovoltaic water heater matched with the photovoltaic plate. For a multi-storey building with a plurality of owners, each household is provided with one photovoltaic panel, so that the total occupied area of the photovoltaic panels of each household is too large, each household needs to independently run wires, and the wires are too many to be arranged. In addition, for some users who are not at home for a long time or have less hot water, the electric energy converted by the photovoltaic panel of the user cannot be effectively utilized; on the contrary, for some users who use more hot water, the electric energy converted by the photovoltaic panel of the user may not meet the requirement.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The present invention aims at least solving one of the technical problems existing in the prior art or the related art. Therefore, the utility model provides a solar photovoltaic hot-water system that area is little, the wiring is simple to realize the high-efficient utilization of all photovoltaic boards.
The solar photovoltaic hot water system comprises an integrated controller, a voltage detection piece, a current detection piece, a photovoltaic panel group, a plurality of hot water storage tanks and a main control board which is in one-to-one correspondence with the hot water storage tanks; the photovoltaic panel group comprises a plurality of photovoltaic panels which are connected in series and/or in parallel, the voltage detection piece and the current detection piece are respectively and electrically connected with the photovoltaic panel group, the voltage detection piece is used for detecting the output voltage of the photovoltaic panel group, and the current detection piece is used for detecting the output current of the photovoltaic panel group; be equipped with water tank temperature sensor and equivalent electric heating element in the heat storage water tank, equivalent electric heating element's resistance value is adjustable, all equivalent electric heating element connects in parallel each other, water tank temperature sensor with equivalent electric heating element respectively with correspond the main control board electric connection, centralized control ware with photovoltaic board crowd electricity is connected, centralized control ware and the main control board wireless connection, the main control board passes through auxiliary relay and external to the electric wire netting.
According to the utility model discloses solar photovoltaic hot-water system is through carrying out centralized control to all equivalent electric heating element to utilize photovoltaic board crowd to supply power to each equivalent electric heating element, not only need not to be equipped with the photovoltaic board alone to every equivalent electric heating element, show the quantity that has reduced the photovoltaic board, and then reduced area, simplified the wiring, but also improved the utilization efficiency of photovoltaic board, realized the maximum power point tracking of photovoltaic board crowd, improved entire system's efficiency.
In addition, according to the utility model discloses solar photovoltaic hot-water system can also have following additional technical characterstic:
according to an embodiment of the present invention, the centralized controller is connected to the grid through an inverter.
According to the utility model discloses an embodiment, still be equipped with supplementary heating member in the heat storage water tank, supplementary heating member passes through supplementary relay is connected with the electric wire netting electricity.
According to the utility model discloses an embodiment, centralized controller is connected with backstage thing networking platform server communication.
According to the utility model discloses an embodiment, main control board and personal mobile communication equipment wireless connection.
According to the utility model discloses an embodiment, equivalent electric heating element include a plurality of heating loads and with the load relay of heating load one-to-one, heating load with correspond load relay establishes ties and constitutes the load branch road, the load branch road is parallelly connected the both ends of main control board.
According to an embodiment of the invention, all the resistance values of the heating loads are different.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the equivalent electric heating assembly further comprises a first intermediate relay and a second intermediate relay corresponding to at least one of the load branches; one end of each load branch is connected to the first end of the main control board, and the other end of each load branch is connected to the second end of the main control board through the first intermediate relay; one end of the second intermediate relay is connected between the heating load corresponding to the load branch circuit and the load relay, and the other end of the second intermediate relay is connected to the second end of the main control board.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the number of second intermediate relays is less than the number of load branches.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the load relay, the first intermediate relay and the second intermediate relay are solid state relays.
The embodiment of the utility model provides an in above-mentioned one or more technical scheme, one of following technological effect has at least:
the utility model discloses area is little, the wiring is simple, through setting up the photovoltaic board crowd by a plurality of photovoltaic board parallelly connected and/or series connection, and set up resistance value adjustable equivalent electric heating element in every heat storage water tank, make the equivalent electric heating element that each heat storage water tank corresponds parallelly connected each other simultaneously, centralized control ware alright combine each user's demand to carry out the maximum power point tracking of photovoltaic board crowd when this solar photovoltaic hot-water system operation, also confirm earlier which user's heat storage water tank needs to heat, then adjust the resistance value of the equivalent electric heating element that corresponds with the heat storage water tank of treating the heating, until traversing all resistance values of this equivalent electric heating element, centralized control calculates the output power of photovoltaic board crowd according to the output voltage that voltage detection spare detected and the output current that current detection spare detected when every resistance value of adjusting, then control and the equivalent electric heating element that the heat storage water tank of treating the heating corresponds with the biggest output of corresponding photovoltaic board crowd The resistance value of the power heats the corresponding heat storage water tank. In the process, if the water temperature of the heat storage water tank reaches the preset water temperature, the equivalent electric heating assembly is controlled to stop heating, and the maximum power point tracking of the photovoltaic panel group is carried out again. It can be seen that, the utility model discloses a carry out centralized control to all equivalent electric heating element to utilize photovoltaic board crowd to each equivalent electric heating element power supply, not only need not to be equipped with the photovoltaic board alone to every equivalent electric heating element, show the quantity that has reduced the photovoltaic board, and then reduced area, simplified the wiring, but also improved the utilization efficiency of photovoltaic board, realized the maximum power point tracking of photovoltaic board crowd, improved entire system's efficiency.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a solar photovoltaic hot water system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a second schematic structural diagram of a solar photovoltaic hot water system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is one of the control circuit schematic diagrams of the equivalent electric heating assembly in the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a second schematic diagram of a control circuit of an equivalent electric heating element according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a third schematic diagram of a control circuit of the equivalent electric heating element in the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a flowchart of a control method for a solar photovoltaic hot water system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a partial flowchart of a control method of a solar photovoltaic hot water system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a second partial flowchart of a method for controlling a solar photovoltaic hot water system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1. a photovoltaic panel group; 1.1, a photovoltaic panel; 2. a centralized controller; 3. a heat storage water tank;
4. an equivalent electrical heating assembly; 5. a main control board; 6. an inverter;
7. a background Internet of things platform server; 8. an auxiliary heating member.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the utility model.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper" and "lower" indicate the orientation or position relationship based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, but does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present invention.
In embodiments of the invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature may be directly on or directly under the second feature or indirectly via intermediate members. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of an embodiment of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a solar photovoltaic hot water system, which includes an integrated controller 2, a voltage detector, a current detector, a photovoltaic panel group 1, a plurality of hot water storage tanks 3, and a main control panel 5 corresponding to the hot water storage tanks 3 one by one; the photovoltaic panel group 1 comprises a plurality of photovoltaic panels 1.1 which are connected in series and/or in parallel, a voltage detection piece and a current detection piece are respectively and electrically connected with the photovoltaic panel group 1, the voltage detection piece is used for detecting the output voltage of the photovoltaic panel group 1, and the current detection piece is used for detecting the output current of the photovoltaic panel group 1; be equipped with water tank temperature sensor and equivalent electric heating element 4 in the heat storage water tank 3, equivalent electric heating element 4's resistance value is adjustable, all equivalent electric heating element 4 are parallelly connected each other, water tank temperature sensor and equivalent electric heating element 4 are connected with the 5 electricity of main control board that correspond respectively, centralized controller 2 is connected with photovoltaic board crowd 1 electricity, centralized controller 2 and 5 wireless connection of main control board, main control board 5 is through auxiliary relay external to the electric wire netting. As shown in fig. 1, the photovoltaic panel group 1 includes a plurality of photovoltaic panel branches connected in parallel, and each photovoltaic panel branch includes a plurality of photovoltaic panels 1.1 connected in series in sequence.
The specific steps of the method for controlling a solar photovoltaic hot water system in this embodiment are described below, and as shown in fig. 6, the method includes the following steps:
s1, acquiring the water temperature of each hot water storage tank 3, that is, each water tank temperature sensor sends the water temperature of the hot water storage tank 3 detected by the water tank temperature sensor to the corresponding main control board 5 in real time, the main control board 5 sends the water temperature to the integrated controller 2, and the integrated controller 2 determines the acquired water temperature, that is, skips to execute step S2;
s2, judging whether the water temperature of the hot water storage tank 3 is lower than a preset water temperature, such as 65 ℃, if so, skipping to execute the step S0, and if not, skipping to execute the step S1;
s0, judging whether the current time is day time, if so, executing a step S0', otherwise, indicating that the current time is night time, supplying power to the equivalent electric heating assembly 4 by using the valley electric energy of the night time, namely executing a step S0 ";
s0', controlling the photovoltaic panel group 1 to supply power to the equivalent electric heating assembly 4, and jumping to execute the step S3;
s0', controlling the power grid to supply power to the equivalent electric heating component 4 through the auxiliary relay, and jumping to execute the step S3;
s3, taking the equivalent electric heating assemblies 4 corresponding to the hot water storage tank 3 with the water temperature less than the preset water temperature as target heating assemblies, and judging whether the number of the target heating assemblies is multiple, if so, executing a step S4, and otherwise, executing a step S7;
s4, adjusting the resistance value of any one target heating component, and jumping to execute the step S5;
s5, acquiring the output voltage and the output current of the photovoltaic panel group 1, calculating the output power of the photovoltaic panel group 1 according to the output voltage and the output current, and jumping to execute the step S6;
s6, judging whether the adjusting process traverses all resistance values of each target heating assembly, if so, skipping to execute a step S10, and if not, skipping to execute a step S4;
s7, adjusting the resistance value of the target heating component, and jumping to execute the step S8;
s8, acquiring the output voltage and the output current of the photovoltaic panel group 1, calculating the output power of the photovoltaic panel group 1 according to the output voltage and the output current, and jumping to execute the step S9;
s9, judging whether the adjusting process traverses all resistance values of the target heating assembly, if so, skipping to execute a step S10, and if not, skipping to execute a step S7;
s10, comparing the output power of the photovoltaic panel group 1 when the resistance value of the target heating assembly is adjusted once, taking the resistance value corresponding to the maximum output power as the target resistance value, and jumping to execute the step S11;
s11, controlling the target heating component to work according to the corresponding target resistance value, and jumping to execute the step S12;
s12, judging whether the water temperature of the hot water storage tank 3 corresponding to the target heating assembly is not less than the preset water temperature, if so, skipping to execute the step S13, and if not, skipping to execute the step S11;
and S13, controlling the target heating assembly to stop heating, and performing maximum power point tracking of the photovoltaic panel group 1 again, namely, skipping to execute the step S1.
In step S13, the heating of the target heating element may be stopped by various methods, for example, by cutting off the power supply to the target heating element from the photovoltaic panel group 1, or by turning off the target heating element.
As can be seen from the above, in the solar photovoltaic hot water system in this embodiment, the equivalent electric heating assemblies 4 with adjustable resistance values are arranged in each heat storage water tank 3, and simultaneously, the equivalent electric heating assemblies 4 corresponding to each heat storage water tank 3 are connected in parallel, when the solar photovoltaic hot water system operates, the centralized controller 2 can track the maximum power point of the photovoltaic panel group 1 according to the requirements of each user, that is, it is determined which heat storage water tanks 3 of the users need to be heated first, then the resistance values of the equivalent electric heating assemblies 4 corresponding to the heat storage water tanks 3 to be heated are adjusted until all the resistance values of the equivalent electric heating assemblies 4 are traversed, when the resistance values are adjusted once, the centralized controller 2 calculates the output power of the photovoltaic panel group 1 according to the output voltage detected by the voltage detection part and the output current detected by the current detection part, and then controls the equivalent electric heating assemblies 4 corresponding to the heat storage water tanks 3 to be heated so as to correspond to the resistance of the maximum output power of the photovoltaic panel group 1 The value heats the corresponding heat storage water tank 3. In the process, if the water temperature of the heat storage water tank 3 reaches the preset water temperature, the equivalent electric heating assembly 4 is controlled to stop heating, and the maximum power point tracking of the photovoltaic panel group 1 is performed again. It can be seen that, the utility model discloses a carry out centralized control to all equivalent electric heating element 4 to utilize photovoltaic board crowd 1 to each equivalent electric heating element 4 power supply, not only need not to be equipped with photovoltaic board 1.1 alone to every equivalent electric heating element 4, show the quantity that has reduced photovoltaic board 1.1, and then reduced area, the wiring has been simplified, and still improved photovoltaic board 1.1's utilization efficiency, the maximum power point tracking of photovoltaic board crowd 1 has been realized, entire system's efficiency has been improved.
Further, considering that the power load of the power grid in the daytime is much larger than that of the power grid at night, in order to balance the supplied power and ensure stable operation of the power grid, the power system implements peak-to-valley electricity price, that is, the electricity price in the daytime is higher than that at night, as shown in fig. 2, in order to realize solar photovoltaic grid-connected power generation on the basis of ensuring hot water supply of users, the centralized controller 2 is connected to the power grid through the inverter 6. Therefore, as shown in fig. 7, when the solar photovoltaic hot water system is controlled to operate, if there is no demand for hot water by the user during the day, the solar photovoltaic grid-connected power generation may be performed, that is, after step S2 is executed and before step S1 is executed, the following steps are further included: and S0', controlling the photovoltaic panel group 1 to supply power to the power grid through the inverter 6, and jumping to execute the step S1.
In addition, considering that all users do not have hot water requirement in the daytime, the electric energy converted by the photovoltaic panel group 1 may be remained on the basis of satisfying the hot water supply of the users, and therefore, as shown in fig. 8, the following steps are further included after the step S11 is executed and before the step S12 is executed: s11 ', judging whether the photovoltaic panel group 1 has residual electric quantity on the premise of supplying power to the target heating assembly, if so, skipping to execute the step S11', otherwise, skipping to execute the step S12; s11 ″, controlling the photovoltaic panel group 1 to supply the residual electric quantity to the power grid through the inverter 6, and jumping to execute the step S12.
In addition, the centralized controller 2 can also be in communication connection with the background internet of things platform server 7 so as to provide collected data information of each user to the user, property or government and the like, so that the function of big data internet of things in the solar energy industry is really realized. For the convenience of user control, the main control panel 5 can also be wirelessly connected with a portable mobile communication device such as a mobile phone or a tablet computer. Therefore, the user can set the water temperature of the hot water storage tank 3 through the APP or the small program installed on the portable mobile communication equipment.
It should be noted that there are various ways to realize the adjustable resistance value of the equivalent electric heating element 4, for example:
in the first mode, the equivalent electric heating assembly 4 comprises a plurality of heating loads and load relays corresponding to the heating loads one to one, the heating loads and the corresponding load relays are connected in series to form load branches, and the load branches are connected to two ends of the main control board 5 in parallel.
As shown in fig. 3, the method for adjusting the resistance value of the equivalent electric heating element 4 in this embodiment is described below by taking three heating loads as an example, for convenience of description, the load relays corresponding to the three heating loads are respectively referred to as G1, G2, and G3, and the resistance values of the three heating loads are respectively referred to as R1, R2, and R3:
the main control board 5 can change the resistance value of the equivalent electric heating assembly 4 by controlling the load relay G1, the load relay G2 and the load relay G3 to be closed or opened, specifically: when the main control board 5 controls the load relay G1 to be closed and the load relay G2 and the load relay G3 to be opened, the resistance value of the equivalent electric heating assembly 4 is R1; when the main control board 5 controls the load relay G2 to be closed and the load relay G1 and the load relay G3 to be opened, the resistance value of the equivalent electric heating assembly 4 is R2; when the main control board 5 controls the load relay G3 to be closed and the load relay G1 and the load relay G2 to be opened, the resistance value of the equivalent electric heating assembly 4 is R3; when the main control board 5 controls the load relay G1 and the load relay G2 to be closed and the load relay G3 to be open, the resistance value of the equivalent electric heating assembly 4 is R1 × R2/(R1+ R2); when the main control board 5 controls the load relay G1 and the load relay G3 to be closed and the load relay G2 to be open, the resistance value of the equivalent electric heating assembly 4 is R1 × R3/(R1+ R3); when the main control board 5 controls the load relay G2 and the load relay G3 to be closed and the load relay G1 to be open, the resistance value of the equivalent electric heating assembly 4 is R2 × R3/(R2+ R3); when the main control board 5 controls the load relay G1, the load relay G2 and the load relay G3 to be closed, the resistance value of the equivalent electric heating assembly 4 is R1 × R2 × R3/(R1 × R2+ R1 × R3+ R2 × R3).
It can be seen that the equivalent electric heating element 4 in the present embodiment has a total of 7 resistance values. When the maximum power point tracking of the photovoltaic panel group 1 is performed, the main control panel 5 controls the load relay G1, the load relay G2 and the load relay G3 to be turned on or off, so that the resistance value of the equivalent electric heating assembly 4 can traverse the 7 resistance values. When the equivalent electric heating assembly 4 changes the resistance value once, the centralized controller 2 calculates the output power of the photovoltaic panel group 1 according to the output voltage detected by the voltage detection piece and the output current detected by the current detection piece, so that 7 output powers can be obtained. Finally, the centralized controller 2 adjusts the resistance value of the equivalent electric heating assembly 4 to the resistance value corresponding to the maximum output power of the 7 output powers through the main control board 5. The equivalent electric heating assembly 4 heats the heat storage water tank 3 by the resistance value, and the centralized controller 2 controls the equivalent electric heating assembly 4 to stop heating and repeat the process through the main control board 5 after the water temperature of the heat storage water tank 3 reaches the preset water temperature, namely, the maximum power point tracking of the photovoltaic panel group 1 is carried out again.
In a second mode, the equivalent electric heating assembly 4 further comprises a first intermediate relay and a second intermediate relay corresponding to at least one load branch; one end of each load branch is connected to the first end of the main control board 5, and the other end of each load branch is connected to the second end of the main control board 5 through a first intermediate relay; one end of the second intermediate relay is connected between the heating load of the corresponding load branch and the load relay, and the other end of the second intermediate relay is connected to the second end of the main control board 5. The number of second intermediate relays is preferably smaller than the number of load branches.
As shown in fig. 4, the method for adjusting the resistance value of the equivalent electric heating module 4 in the present embodiment is described below by taking three heating loads and two second intermediate relays as examples, and for convenience of description, the load relays corresponding to the three heating loads are respectively referred to as G1, G2, and G3, the first intermediate relay is referred to as G4, the two second intermediate relays are respectively referred to as G5 and G6, and the resistance values of the three heating loads are respectively referred to as R1, R2, and R3:
the main control board 5 can change the resistance value of the equivalent electric heating assembly 4 by controlling the load relay G1, the load relay G2, the load relay G3, the first intermediate relay G4, the second intermediate relay G5 and the second intermediate electrical apparatus G6 to be closed or opened, specifically: when the main control board 5 controls the load relay G1 and the second intermediate relay G5 to be closed, and the load relay G2, the load relay G3, the first intermediate relay G4 and the second intermediate relay G6 to be opened, the resistance value of the equivalent electric heating assembly 4 is R1+ R3; when the main control board 5 controls the load relay G2 and the second intermediate relay G5 to be closed, and the load relay G1, the load relay G3, the first intermediate relay G4 and the second intermediate relay G6 to be opened, the resistance value of the equivalent electric heating assembly 4 is R2+ R3; when the main control board 5 controls the load relay G1 and the second intermediate relay G6 to be closed, and the load relay G2, the load relay G3, the first intermediate relay G4 and the second intermediate relay G5 to be opened, the resistance value of the equivalent electric heating assembly 4 is R1+ R2; when the main control board 5 controls the load relay G1, the load relay G2 and the second intermediate relay G5 to be closed and the load relay G3, the first intermediate relay G4 and the second intermediate relay G6 to be opened, the resistance value of the equivalent electric heating assembly 4 is R3+ R1R 2/(R1+ R2); when the main control board 5 controls the load relay G1, the second intermediate relay G5 and the second intermediate relay G6 to be closed and the load relay G2, the load relay G3 and the first intermediate relay G4 to be opened, the resistance value of the equivalent electric heating assembly 4 is R1+ R2R 3/(R2+ R3); when the main control board 5 controls the load relay G1, the load relay G3, and the second intermediate relay G6 to be closed, and the load relay G2, the first intermediate relay G4, and the second intermediate relay G5 to be opened, the resistance value of the equivalent electric heating element 4 is R2+ R1R 3/(R1+ R3). In addition, when the first intermediate relay G4 is closed and the second intermediate relay G5 and the second intermediate electrical device G6 are opened, the main control board 5 may obtain 7 resistance values same as the first mode by closing or opening the load relay G1, the load relay G2 and the load relay G3, and the detailed mode is not described herein again.
It can be seen that the equivalent electric heating element 4 in the present embodiment has a total of 13 resistance values. When the maximum power point tracking of the photovoltaic panel group 1 is performed, the main control board 5 controls the load relay G1, the load relay G2, the load relay G3, the first intermediate relay G4, the second intermediate relay G5 and the second intermediate electrical apparatus G6 to be turned on or off, so that the resistance value of the equivalent electric heating assembly 4 can traverse the 13 resistance values. When the equivalent electric heating assembly 4 changes the resistance value once, the centralized controller 2 calculates the output power of the photovoltaic panel group 1 according to the output voltage detected by the voltage detection piece and the output current detected by the current detection piece, so that 13 output powers can be obtained. Finally, the centralized controller 2 adjusts the resistance value of the equivalent electric heating assembly 4 to the resistance value corresponding to the maximum output power of the 13 output powers through the main control board 5. The equivalent electric heating assembly 4 heats the heat storage water tank 3 by the resistance value, and after the water temperature of the heat storage water tank 3 reaches the preset water temperature, the integrated controller 2 controls the equivalent electric heating assembly 4 to stop heating through the main control board 5 and repeats the process, namely, the maximum power point tracking of the photovoltaic panel group 1 is performed again.
It should be noted that when the equivalent electric heating assembly 4 includes three heating loads, only one second intermediate relay may be provided. In this case, the main control board 5 can obtain 9 resistance values by controlling the load relay G1, the load relay G2, the load relay G3, the first intermediate relay G4 and the second intermediate relay G5 to be turned on or off, and the specific control manner is similar to the above and is not described herein again. In addition, in each of the above-described aspects, the load relay, the first intermediate relay, and the second intermediate relay are preferably solid-state relays. The resistance values of all the heating loads may be the same or different. The resistance value of each heating load is preferably in the range of 1 Ω to 2000 Ω.
In a third mode, the equivalent electric heating component 4 comprises a stepless adjustable resistor, and the resistance value range of the stepless adjustable resistor can be 1 Ω -2000 Ω.
As shown in fig. 5, an auxiliary heating element 8 is further arranged in the hot water storage tank, and the auxiliary heating element 8 is electrically connected with the power grid through an auxiliary relay K1. If the water temperature of the hot water storage tank 3 still does not reach the preset water temperature under the heating of the equivalent electric heating component 4, the electric network can be controlled to supply power to the auxiliary heating element 8 through the auxiliary relay K1 so as to perform auxiliary heating on the water in the hot water storage tank 3 by means of the auxiliary heating element 8.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A solar photovoltaic hot water system is characterized by comprising an integrated controller, a voltage detection piece, a current detection piece, a photovoltaic panel group, a plurality of heat storage water tanks and a main control panel which is in one-to-one correspondence with the heat storage water tanks; the photovoltaic panel group comprises a plurality of photovoltaic panels which are connected in series and/or in parallel, the voltage detection piece and the current detection piece are respectively and electrically connected with the photovoltaic panel group, the voltage detection piece is used for detecting the output voltage of the photovoltaic panel group, and the current detection piece is used for detecting the output current of the photovoltaic panel group; be equipped with water tank temperature sensor and equivalent electric heating element in the heat storage water tank, equivalent electric heating element's resistance value is adjustable, all equivalent electric heating element connects in parallel each other, water tank temperature sensor with equivalent electric heating element respectively with correspond the main control board electric connection, centralized control ware with photovoltaic board crowd electricity is connected, centralized control ware and the main control board wireless connection, the main control board passes through auxiliary relay and external to the electric wire netting.
2. The solar photovoltaic hot water system of claim 1, wherein the centralized controller is connected to a power grid through an inverter.
3. The solar photovoltaic hot water system as claimed in claim 1, wherein an auxiliary heating element is further arranged in the hot water storage tank, and the auxiliary heating element is electrically connected with a power grid through the auxiliary relay.
4. The solar photovoltaic hot-water system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the centralized controller is in communication connection with a background internet of things platform server.
5. The solar photovoltaic hot-water system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the main control panel is wirelessly connected with the portable mobile communication device.
6. The solar photovoltaic hot-water system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the equivalent electric heating assembly comprises a plurality of heating loads and load relays corresponding to the heating loads in a one-to-one manner, the heating loads and the corresponding load relays are connected in series to form load branches, and the load branches are connected in parallel at two ends of the main control panel.
7. The solar photovoltaic hot-water system according to claim 6, wherein all the heating loads have different resistance values.
8. The solar photovoltaic hot-water system of claim 6, wherein the equivalent electric heating assembly further comprises a first intermediate relay and a second intermediate relay corresponding to at least one of the load branches; one end of each load branch is connected to the first end of the main control board, and the other end of each load branch is connected to the second end of the main control board through the first intermediate relay; one end of the second intermediate relay is connected between the heating load corresponding to the load branch circuit and the load relay, and the other end of the second intermediate relay is connected to the second end of the main control board.
9. The solar photovoltaic hot-water system according to claim 8, wherein the number of the second intermediate relays is less than the number of the load branches.
10. The solar photovoltaic hot-water system of claim 8, wherein the load relay, the first intermediate relay, and the second intermediate relay are solid-state relays.
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| CN114123968A (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2022-03-01 | 张端桥 | Solar photovoltaic hot water system and control method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114123968A (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2022-03-01 | 张端桥 | Solar photovoltaic hot water system and control method |
| CN114123968B (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2024-04-09 | 张端桥 | Solar photovoltaic hot water system and control method |
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Inventor after: Zhang Duanqiao Inventor after: Zou Huaisong Inventor after: Zhang Hui Inventor after: Zhang Yiyu Inventor after: Zhang Demin Inventor after: Chen Bin Inventor after: Jin Wen Inventor after: Li Decheng Inventor before: Zhang Duanqiao Inventor before: Zhang Demin Inventor before: Chen Bin Inventor before: Jin Wen Inventor before: Li Decheng |