CN214581103U - Front feeding device of waste incineration boiler - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of waste incineration equipment, in particular to a front feeding device of a waste incineration boiler; the technical scheme includes that the feeding device comprises a receiving hopper, a kickoff, a feeding chain plate, a conveying chain plate, a screw feeder, a blanking pipe and a propeller, wherein the receiving hopper is wide at the upper part and narrow at the lower part; the problem of current circulating fluidized bed rubbish feed system feed inhomogeneous is solved.

Description

Front feeding device of waste incineration boiler

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of msw incineration equipment, concretely relates to msw incineration boiler stokehold feeder.

Background

Circulating fluidized bed combustion is a new branch of technology that has evolved in the last 30 years. It inherits the advantage of strong adaptability to fuel inherent in the combustion of a common fluidized bed, and simultaneously improves the fluidization speed and increases a material circulation loop. A large amount of materials are brought to the upper part of the hearth by the flue gas to be combusted and then return to the lower part of the hearth through a plurality of ways of internal and external circulation, so that the heat release share of the combustion at the upper part of the hearth is improved, the material exchange between the upper part and the lower part of the hearth is enhanced, the whole hearth is in a uniform high-temperature combustion state, the effective residence time of the flue gas in a high-temperature area is ensured, the full combustion of all components of garbage can be ensured, and the decomposition and the damage of toxic and harmful substances are more thorough; local overtemperature is prevented, and control of constant pollutants (SO 2, NOx and the like) is more effective.

In order to ensure the continuous and uniform fluidization of materials in a hearth, the method is mainly realized by preparing combustible components of the garbage into uniform particles of garbage derived fuel (RDF) abroad; the domestic technology mainly solves the problems by means of improving a fluidization air supply system and a primary garbage feeding system, accelerating the discharge of slag including non-combustible materials, actively maintaining the balance of circulating materials and the like and only by assisting with the limitation of feeding components with overlarge sizes into the furnace. The development of the furnace type injects new vitality into the development of incineration technology and incineration industry in China.

At present, when the domestic waste incineration boiler is used for feeding in front of the boiler, waste is easy to accumulate and extrude to form a cluster to fall off due to the reasons of incompact accumulation, overlarge size, mutual entanglement and the like of the waste in the process of conveying the waste to the next process from a feeding chain plate through a material pulling machine above a receiving hopper, the waste is intermittent, no material scattering device is arranged in the follow-up process, the feeding is too much and far exceeds the incineration amount of the boiler, and the time is too long in the process of material breakage. The results were as follows:

1. when no material is fed into the boiler, the temperature of the hearth is reduced, the load of the boiler is reduced, and more auxiliary fuel is consumed to ensure the working condition of the boiler;

2. when the large-mass materials enter the boiler, the impact on a fluidized bed of the boiler is large, and the fluidization of the boiler is not favorable. Meanwhile, a large amount of heat is generated when large-cluster materials are combusted, so that the pressure of a hearth is rapidly increased, and the smoke (fire) returning from a feeding port is serious;

3. the boiler combustion is unstable due to uneven feeding, and the fluctuation range of the flue gas content of NOx, SO2, CO and O2 is large; the waste incineration amount, the boiler output, the generated energy and the power plant benefit are influenced; increasing the coal doping amount in the waste incineration process; the temperature of the middle upper part of the hearth is not controlled to reach more than 850 ℃ to reduce the generation of dioxin; the usage amount of environment-friendly consumables of the tail flue gas treatment equipment is increased.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model overcomes prior art's is not enough, provides a waste incineration boiler stokehold feeder, has solved the inhomogeneous problem of current circulating fluidized bed rubbish feed system feed.

In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model discloses a realize through following technical scheme:

a front feeding device of a waste incineration boiler comprises a receiving hopper, a kickoff, a feeding chain plate, a conveying chain plate, a propeller, a screw feeder and a blanking pipe, wherein the receiving hopper is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, the kickoff is arranged in the lower part of the receiving hopper, the feeding chain plate is arranged below the kickoff, a first channel is arranged below the feeding chain plate, the conveying chain plate is arranged in the first channel and comprises a conveying belt and rollers, a second channel is arranged below one end of the first channel, which is far away from the feeding chain plate, and is mutually communicated with the second channel, the tail part of the connecting end of the first channel and the second channel is arranged to be wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, the screw feeder is arranged in the second channel, the propeller is arranged above the end of the conveying chain plate, which is far away from the feeding chain plate, the blanking pipe is arranged at the bottom of one end of the second channel, which is far away from the first channel, the blanking pipe is arranged in an inclined mode.

Further, the screw feeder is a double-screw feeder.

Further, the propeller is connected with a controller through a wire.

Further, the diameter of the spiral blade of the spiral feeder is the same as the inner diameter of the second channel.

The utility model discloses produced beneficial effect for prior art does:

the utility model discloses a below at the feed link joint sets up the transport link joint, sets up screw feeder at the in-process that the material was carried between transport link joint and furnace, sets up the propeller simultaneously in screw feeder's top, can cooperate screw feeder's helical blade to impel the material under the control of controller to it is more even to realize the feed, has alleviateed the impact of material to the bed, has optimized the fluidization state of fluidized bed, has alleviateed the phenomenon of boiler malleation backfire, specifically still shows in following several aspects:

(1) the stable combustion of the boiler is facilitated, the flue gas contents of CO and O2 are reduced, and the fluctuation ranges of NOx and SO2 are reduced:

the feeding amount of the boiler is stable, the feeding amount of materials in unit time can be gradually stabilized, the amount of the garbage burned in the unit time of the boiler is gradually stabilized, the amounts of NOx and SO2 generated in the unit time are gradually stabilized, and the fluctuation range of the amounts of NOx and SO2 is reduced under the condition that the total amount is not changed; the feeding amount is stable, so that the air distribution of the boiler tends to be reasonable more easily, the CO generated when the materials are excessive is less, and the excessive O2 amount is reduced when the materials are cut off;

(3) the waste incineration amount is improved, the generated energy is increased, and benefits are created:

the feeding amount of the boiler is stable, and under the condition that the feeding amount of the garbage is not more than the highest value of garbage incineration of the garbage boiler, the charging amount of the garbage is increased, the garbage incineration amount of the boiler is increased, the output of the boiler is increased, so that the generated energy is increased, and more benefits are created for a unit;

(4) the coal blending amount in the waste incineration process is reduced:

the boiler feeding amount is stable, the time of boiler combustion material breaking is shortened, the time of supplying heat by auxiliary fuel is shortened, the heat release amount of garbage per se can support the normal operation of the boiler under the condition of completely stable feeding, so that the stable feeding amount can correspondingly reduce the mixing amount of the auxiliary combustion (coal) of the boiler;

(5) the temperature of the middle upper part of the hearth can be controlled to reach above 850 ℃, and the generation of dioxin can be reduced:

because the density of the garbage is light, the wind speed in the hearth of the circulating fluidized bed boiler is high, the garbage is mainly combusted at the middle upper part of the hearth, and the increase of the garbage combustion amount is beneficial to stabilizing the temperature of the middle upper part of the hearth to be more than 850 ℃, so that the smoke of the boiler can reach 2s in a high-temperature environment, and the aim of reducing the generation of dioxin is fulfilled;

(6) the stable operation of tail flue gas treatment equipment is facilitated, the usage amount of environment-friendly consumables is reduced, and the cost is saved:

the consumable set value of the pollutants in the flue gas treatment can be reduced when the fluctuation range of the NOx and SO2 production amount is reduced under the condition that the total amount is not changed; thereby reducing the total consumption of various environment-friendly consumables and saving the operation cost of a power plant.

Drawings

The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a stokehole feeding device (initial state of a propeller) of a waste incineration boiler according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a stokehole feeding device (extended state of a propeller) of the waste incineration boiler according to the present invention;

in the figure: 1-a receiving hopper; 2, a kick-out machine; 3-a feeding chain plate; 4, conveying a chain plate; 5, a screw feeder; 6, blanking pipe; 7, a propeller; 8, a controller; 9 — a first channel; 10 — second channel.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical problem, technical scheme and beneficial effect that the utility model will solve more clearly understand, combine embodiment and attached drawing, it is right to go on further detailed description the utility model discloses. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and the drawings, but the scope of protection is not limited thereto.

As shown in fig. 1-2, the embodiment provides a front feeding device of a waste incineration boiler, which includes a receiving hopper 1, a kickoff 2, a feeding chain plate 3, a conveying chain plate 4, a screw feeder 5, a blanking pipe 6, and a propeller 7, wherein the receiving hopper 1 is shaped to be wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, the kickoff 2 is disposed in the lower portion of the receiving hopper 1, the feeding chain plate 3 is disposed below the kickoff 2, a first channel 9 is disposed below the feeding chain plate 3, the conveying chain plate 4 is disposed in the first channel 9, the conveying chain plate 4 includes a conveying belt and a roller, a second channel 10 is disposed below one end of the first channel 9 far from the feeding chain plate 3 and is communicated with the second channel 10, the tail portion of the connecting end of the first channel 9 and the second channel 10 is set to be wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, the screw feeder 5 is disposed in the second channel 10, the propeller 7 is disposed above one end of the conveying chain plate 4 far from the feeding chain plate 3, the propeller 7 is connected with a controller 8 through a lead, a blanking pipe 6 is arranged at the bottom of one end, far away from the first channel 9, of the second channel 10, and the blanking pipe 6 is arranged in an inclined mode.

Further, the screw feeder 5 may be a double screw feeder 5, and the diameter of the screw blade of the screw feeder 5 may be set to be the same as the inner diameter of the second passage 10.

The working principle of the utility model is that after garbage material enters the receiving hopper 1, the garbage material is conveyed to the feeding chain plate 3 through the stirring machine 2, the garbage material is conveyed to the conveying chain plate 4 in the first channel 9 through the guiding of the feeding chain plate 3, the garbage material is conveyed to the tail part of the first channel 9 through the conveying belt of the conveying chain plate 4, the tail part of the first channel 9 is arranged into a funnel shape with a wide upper part and a narrow lower part, firstly, the garbage material is prevented from falling off in a large block, secondly, the large block is prevented from being blocked, so that a larger space is arranged at the upper end, the garbage material further falls into the second channel 10, the extension and return actions of the propeller 7 and the rotation actions of the helical blade of the helical feeder 5 work synchronously, the working interval time is controlled by the controller 8, the interval time is determined according to the rotation position of the helical blade of the helical feeder 5 under the propeller 7, when the blade is under, the propeller 7 is in the longest extension state, when the blades rotate to the right above, the propeller 7 is in an initial state, namely in a shortest extension state, garbage materials are uniformly fed through the second channel 10 and then enter the obliquely arranged blanking pipe 6 to fall down to enter the next working procedure.

The above description is for further details of the present invention with reference to specific preferred embodiments, and it should not be understood that the embodiments of the present invention are limited thereto, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention can be implemented in a plurality of simple deductions or substitutions without departing from the scope of the present invention, and all such alterations and substitutions should be considered as belonging to the present invention, which is defined by the appended claims.

Claims (4)

1. A stokehole feeding device of a waste incineration boiler is characterized by comprising a receiving hopper, a kickoff, a feeding chain plate, a conveying chain plate, a propeller, a screw feeder and a blanking pipe, wherein the receiving hopper is wide at the upper part and narrow at the lower part, the kickoff is arranged in the lower part of the receiving hopper, the feeding chain plate is arranged below the kickoff, a first channel is arranged below the feeding chain plate, the conveying chain plate is arranged in the first channel and comprises a conveying belt and rollers, a second channel is arranged below one end of the first channel, which is far away from the feeding chain plate, and is communicated with the second channel, the tail part of the connecting end of the first channel and the second channel is arranged to be wide at the upper part and narrow at the lower part, the screw feeder is arranged in the second channel, the propeller is arranged above the oblique position of one end of the conveying chain plate, which is far away from the feeding chain plate, the blanking pipe is arranged at the bottom of one end of the second channel, which is far away from the first channel, the blanking pipe is arranged in an inclined mode.

2. The stokehole feeding device of the waste incineration boiler according to claim 1, wherein the screw feeder is a double screw feeder.

3. The stokehole feeding device of the waste incineration boiler as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the propeller is connected with a controller through a wire.

4. The stokehole feeding device of the waste incineration boiler as claimed in claim 3, wherein the diameter of the spiral blade of the spiral feeder is the same as the inner diameter of the second channel.

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