CN214571714U

CN214571714U - Biochar preparation device

Info

Publication number: CN214571714U
Application number: CN202022512541.6U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 董心亮; 王金涛; 孙宏勇
Original assignee: Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology of CAS
Current assignee: Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology of CAS
Priority date: 2020-11-04
Filing date: 2020-11-04
Publication date: 2021-11-02
Anticipated expiration: 2030-11-04

Abstract

The utility model provides a biochar preparation device, which comprises a tank body, a rotating assembly, a heating assembly and an air inlet and exhaust assembly, wherein a feed inlet with a sealing cover is arranged at the top of the tank body, a discharge outlet with a sealing cover is arranged at the bottom of the tank body, and a cooling water jacket is arranged in a shell of the tank body; the rotating assembly comprises a helical blade arranged in the tank body through a rotating shaft and a driving unit which is positioned outside one end of the tank body and drives the helical blade to rotate through the rotating shaft; the heating assembly comprises a heating unit for heating the interior of the tank body and a detection unit for detecting the temperature in the tank body; the air inlet and outlet assembly comprises a vacuum-pumping pipe, a carrier gas inlet pipe and an exhaust pipe which are respectively communicated with the tank body, and valves are respectively arranged on the vacuum-pumping pipe, the carrier gas inlet pipe and the exhaust pipe. The utility model discloses a charcoal preparation facilities can prepare the charcoal, and utilizes cooling jacket's setting can improve cooling efficiency, can be convenient for pass in and out the material through helical blade's rotation to can overcome the not enough of current vibration mode.

Description

Biochar preparation device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a biological charcoal technical field, in particular to biological charcoal preparation facilities.

Background

The biochar is a solid product formed by pyrolysis of biomass raw materials, including wood, crop residues, animal bones, even municipal waste and the like under the anaerobic or oxygen-limited condition. The biochar has the characteristics of large specific surface area, abundant pore structures, oxygen-containing functional groups on the surface and decomposition resistance, so that the biochar is widely applied to the fields of environmental remediation, agricultural production and the like.

At present, the device for preparing the biochar for the laboratory is mainly a muffle furnace and a tube furnace, but the muffle furnace has great limitation on the research on the preparation of the biochar, and the precise control and the real-time monitoring of the preparation process cannot be realized. Although the tubular furnace can realize the control of the reaction process, the heating furnace chamber is mostly made of quartz tubes, but the tubular furnace has higher requirements on the reaction conditions, can cause the explosion of the quartz tubes by accident and has certain potential safety hazard.

In addition, when the existing biochar is prepared, because the biochar can be reburned when contacting air under the high-temperature condition, the yield can be reduced, and therefore, the biochar is generally taken out after being naturally cooled. However, at this stage, the carrier gas is required to be introduced until the temperature drops below 100 ℃, which also seriously affects the preparation efficiency of the biochar and increases the preparation cost.

Thus, there is a need for improvement of existing biochar production facilities to increase the efficiency of biochar production and reduce the cost thereof. In chinese utility model patent CN211400752U, a horizontal biochar preparation device is disclosed, which can cool the biochar through a water-cooled cooling carbon box to improve the preparation efficiency and save the carrier gas consumption and reduce the cost. But this horizontal biological charcoal preparation facilities only sets up the cooling carbon box in discharge gate department, and cooling efficiency is still lower, and it adopts the motor to order about the mode of vibration when the ejection of compact, and this kind of mode requires highly to the motor, and also can lead to the whole space of device to occupy great, and be inconvenient for implement.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In view of the above, the present invention is directed to a device for preparing biochar, so as to be used for preparing biochar and overcome at least some of the disadvantages of the prior art.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the utility model is realized like this:

a biochar production apparatus comprising:

the tank body is horizontally arranged, a feed inlet with a sealing cover is arranged at the top of the tank body, a discharge outlet with a sealing cover is arranged at the bottom of the tank body, the feed inlet and the discharge outlet are respectively arranged at two ends of the tank body, a cooling water jacket is arranged in a shell of the tank body, and a water inlet and a water outlet which are respectively communicated with the cooling water jacket are arranged on the tank body;

the rotating assembly comprises a helical blade arranged in the tank body through a rotating shaft and a driving unit which is positioned outside one end of the tank body and drives the helical blade to rotate through the rotating shaft;

the heating assembly comprises a heating unit for heating the tank body and a detection unit for detecting the temperature in the tank body;

and the air inlet and exhaust assembly comprises a vacuum-pumping pipe, a carrier gas inlet pipe and an exhaust pipe which are respectively communicated with the tank body, and valves are respectively arranged on the vacuum-pumping pipe, the carrier gas inlet pipe and the exhaust pipe.

Furthermore, the water inlet with the delivery port is located respectively the both ends of jar body, just the water inlet is located the bottom of jar body, the delivery port is located the top of jar body.

Furthermore, a heat-insulating layer is covered outside the tank body.

Further, the driving unit comprises a motor and a chain transmission structure which is in transmission connection between the motor and the rotating shaft.

Furthermore, the rotating shaft is rotatably supported at two ends of the tank body through bearings, sealing covers are respectively arranged outside the two ends of the tank body, and one end of the rotating shaft penetrates out of the sealing cover at the end to be connected with the driving unit.

Furthermore, the heating unit comprises a plurality of heating pipes which are embedded and arranged on the inner wall of the tank body, and the detection unit adopts a thermocouple with one end positioned in the tank body.

Further, the heating unit is including locating heater strip on the helical blade, and in the jar is external be equipped with the brush in the pivot, the heater strip with the brush electricity is connected.

Further, the tank is supported on a bottom bracket.

Furthermore, a vacuum meter is arranged on the vacuum-pumping pipe.

Furthermore, in discharge gate department is equipped with the baffle that can overturn, and in the below of baffle be equipped with the spiro union in the control rod on the jar body, and by the precession of control rod, the baffle is supported and can the shutoff the discharge gate, because of the back-out of control rod, the baffle can overturn downwards and open the discharge gate.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses following advantage has:

biochar preparation facilities can prepare biochar, and utilize cooling jacket's setting can improve cooling efficiency, can be convenient for pass in and out the material through helical blade's rotation to can avoid the vibration, can not occupy too big outer tank space, and also can overcome the not enough of current vibration design.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without undue limitation. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a device for preparing biochar according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic layout view of a heating pipe according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a view of a biochar preparation apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention;

description of reference numerals:

1. a tank body; 2. a bottom bracket; 3. a cooling water jacket; 4. a water inlet; 5. a water outlet; 6. a heat-insulating layer; 7. a helical blade; 8. a rotating shaft; 9. a feed inlet; 10. a feed port sealing cover; 11. a discharge port; 12. a discharge port sealing cover; 13. a baffle plate; 14. a joystick; 15. a front seal cover; 16. a rear sealing cover; 17. vacuumizing a tube; 18. a vacuum gauge; 19. a carrier gas inlet pipe; 20. an exhaust pipe; 21. an electric wire; 22. a thermocouple; 23. a large sprocket; 24. a motor; 25. a small sprocket; 26. a chain; 27. heating a tube; 28. and a brush.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that, in the present invention, the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, if terms indicating orientation or positional relationship such as "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", etc. appear, they are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the appearances of the terms first, second, etc. in this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same item, but are instead intended to cover the same item.

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments.

Example one

The embodiment relates to a biochar preparation device which comprises a tank body 1, a rotating assembly, a heating assembly and an air inlet and exhaust assembly.

As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the tank body 1 of the present embodiment is horizontally disposed, a feeding port 9 with a sealing cover is disposed at the top of the tank body 1, a discharging port 11 with a sealing cover is disposed at the bottom of the tank body 1, and the feeding port 9 and the discharging port 11 are respectively disposed at two ends of the tank body 1. Meanwhile, a cooling water jacket 3 is also arranged in the shell of the tank body 1, and a water inlet 4 and a water outlet 5 which are respectively communicated with the cooling water jacket 3 are arranged on the tank body 1.

In order to facilitate the arrangement of the tank 1, a bottom bracket 2 is also provided at the bottom of the tank 1, and the tank 1 is supported on the bottom bracket 2. For convenience of description, the sealing cover at the feed inlet 9 is specifically referred to as a feed inlet sealing cover 10, and the sealing cover at the discharge outlet 11 is referred to as a discharge outlet sealing cover 12. The sealing cover 10 and the sealing cover 12 may be formed of a cover plate that can tightly seal the feed port 9 and the discharge port 11, and for improving the sealing performance, for example, a sealing structure such as asbestos that can withstand high temperature may be provided on the cover plate, and the cover plate may be provided in a snap-fit or screw-fit manner.

In this embodiment, water inlet 4 and delivery port 5 divide and locate the both ends of jar body 1, and water inlet 4 is located the bottom of jar body 1, and delivery port 5 is located the top of jar body 1, so set up and to have better mobile tissue form so that the cooling water has in cooling water jacket 3 to promote the cooling effect. In addition, the water inlet 4 and the water outlet 5 are respectively provided with a valve, and in order to increase the heat preservation performance of the tank body 1, the tank body 1 is also covered with a heat preservation layer 6. The heat insulating layer 6 may be made of conventional heat insulating materials that can withstand high temperatures, and the tank body 1, the below-described helical blades 7, and the rotating shaft 8 of the present embodiment may be made of steel.

As also shown in fig. 1, the rotating assembly of the present embodiment specifically includes a helical blade 7 disposed in the tank 1 through a rotating shaft 8, and a driving unit located outside one end of the tank 1 and driving the helical blade 7 to rotate via the rotating shaft 8. As an exemplary structure, the driving unit of the present embodiment includes a motor 24, and a chain transmission structure drivingly connected between the motor 24 and the rotating shaft 8, and the chain transmission structure is specifically also composed of a large sprocket 23 mounted on the end of the rotating shaft 8, a small sprocket 25 mounted on the motor 24, and a chain 26 connected between the large and small sprockets.

By using the chain transmission structure, the transmission is reliable, the structure is simpler, and the conduction of heat to the motor 24 through the rotating shaft 8 can be reduced. In addition, the rotating shaft 8 in this embodiment is supported at both ends of the tank 1 by bearings, and in order to improve the sealing performance in the tank 1, sealing covers are also provided outside both ends of the tank 1, respectively. At this time, for convenience of description, the two end sealing covers are respectively referred to as a front sealing cover 15 and a rear sealing cover 16, both of which can be fixed to the end of the tank 1 by bolts, and one end of the rotating shaft 8 is covered in the front sealing cover 15, and the other end of the rotating shaft 8 penetrates through the rear sealing cover 16 at the end to be connected to the driving unit.

By arranging the sealing covers at the two ends, it is not necessary to arrange a sealing structure at the bearing position between the tank 1 and the rotating shaft 8, and the bearing described above in the present embodiment adopts a bush-type sliding bearing in view of the high temperature state in the tank 1 during operation. In addition, since the rotating shaft 8 penetrates the rear seal cover 16, a bearing structure should be provided between the rotating shaft 8 and the rear seal cover 16, but since the temperature therein is much lower than that in the tank body 1, a seal structure, for example, a packing-type seal strip capable of resisting high temperature and abrasion, may be provided at the bearing at that position.

The heating assembly of the present embodiment specifically includes a heating unit for heating the inside of the tank body 1, and a detection unit for detecting the temperature inside the tank body 1. Also as an exemplary embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the heating unit includes a plurality of heating pipes 27 embedded in the inner wall of the tank 1, and the detecting unit uses a thermocouple 22 with one end located in the tank 1.

At this time, the heating pipe 27 may be a product that meets the requirements of biochar preparation and may be fixed in a groove on the inner wall of the tank body 1 by a high temperature resistant adhesive. The heating pipes 27 can be connected together at two ends of the tank body 1 respectively, and can be connected with an external power supply controlled by a controller through the electric wires 21, and the thermocouple 22 is also connected with the external controller, so that the self-control of the temperature in the tank body 1 can be realized.

The air intake and exhaust assembly of the present embodiment includes an evacuation tube 17, a carrier gas intake tube 19 and an exhaust tube 20 respectively communicated with the inside of the tank body 1, and valves are respectively disposed on the evacuation tube 17, the carrier gas intake tube 19 and the exhaust tube 20. The evacuation tube 17 is connected to an external vacuum pump, and the carrier gas can be nitrogen gas, so as to reduce the amount of pipe fittings, the evacuation tube 17 and the carrier gas inlet tube 19 are connected together in this embodiment, and they are located at one end of the tank body 1, and the exhaust tube 20 is located at the other end of the tank body 1.

In order to understand the degree of vacuum in the can body 1 during evacuation, a vacuum gauge 18 is also provided on the evacuation tube 17. At this time, since the evacuation tube 17 and the carrier gas inlet tube 19 are connected together, a valve may be further disposed on the evacuation tube 17 between the carrier gas inlet tube 19 and the vacuum gauge 18 for the convenience of control. When the vacuum is needed, the valve on the carrier gas inlet pipe 19 is closed, and the other two valves are opened, and when the carrier gas is needed to be fed, the valve on the inner side of the vacuum meter 18 is closed.

In this embodiment, a reversible baffle 13 is further provided at the discharge port 11, and an operating lever 14 screwed to the tank body 1 is also provided below the baffle 13. Furthermore, by rotating the operating lever 14, when the operating lever 14 is screwed in the direction of the inside of the tank 1, as shown in fig. 1, the baffle 13 can be supported to block the discharge port 11. At this time, the baffle 13 is in the blocking state, which can be realized by limiting the screwing displacement of the operating rod 14, and in order to further prevent the baffle 13 from turning up, the embodiment can also be provided with a convex stop block on the can body 1 at the other end of the baffle 13 relative to one end rotatably connected with the can body 1, so that the baffle 13 is blocked and can be stably placed at the blocking position.

Conversely, when screwing in, the operating lever 14 is rotated to be screwed out, and at this time, the flap 13 is turned downward to open the discharge hole 11.

The biochar preparation device of this embodiment makes baffle 13 be in the shutoff state earlier when using, puts into jar body 1 with biomass feedstock again in, can slowly rotate helical blade 7 when putting into, does benefit to biomass feedstock to jar internal other end and removes. Then the sealing cover of the material inlet and the material outlet is closed, the vacuumizing pipe 17 is opened to vacuumize to 18 to-0.1 Mpa of a vacuum gauge, then the vacuumizing pipe 17 is closed, and the carrier gas inlet pipe 19 and the exhaust pipe 20 are opened. Then, relevant temperature parameters (target temperature, heating rate and constant temperature time) are set on an external controller, and then the external controller is electrified to start the preparation of the biochar.

After the preparation is finished, the power is cut off, cooling water is introduced to cool the biochar, after the temperature is reduced to be suitable, the sealing cover 12 of the discharge port can be opened, the operating rod 14 is screwed out to open the baffle 13, then the helical blade 7 is slowly rotated, and the biochar is discharged from the discharge port 11.

Example two

The present embodiment also relates to a biochar preparation device, which has the same structure as the device of the first embodiment, except that as shown in fig. 3, the heating unit in the heating assembly of the present embodiment includes a heating wire, not shown, disposed on the helical blade 7, and a brush 28 is also disposed on the rotating shaft 8 outside the tank 1, the heating wire is electrically connected to the brush 28, and the brush 28 is connected to the electric wire 21 and is connected to an external power source.

The heating wire is fixed on the helical blade 7 by bonding or other methods, and it is only required to adopt the existing product, and for the connection between the heating wire and the electric brush 28, a hole can be drilled in the rotating shaft 8 for wiring. Meanwhile, since the rotating shaft 8 is made of steel, insulation between the brush 28 and the rotating shaft 8 should be noted.

When the device for preparing biochar is used, the specific working process is also the same as that in the first embodiment, and the details are not repeated herein.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and should not be taken as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A biochar preparation device is characterized by comprising:

the tank body (1) is horizontally arranged, a feed inlet (9) with a sealing cover is formed in the top of the tank body (1), a discharge outlet (11) with a sealing cover is formed in the bottom of the tank body (1), the feed inlet (9) and the discharge outlet (11) are respectively formed in two ends of the tank body (1), a cooling water jacket (3) is arranged in a shell of the tank body (1), and a water inlet (4) and a water outlet (5) which are respectively communicated with the cooling water jacket (3) are formed in the tank body (1);

the rotating assembly comprises a spiral blade (7) arranged in the tank body (1) through a rotating shaft (8), and a driving unit which is positioned outside one end of the tank body (1) and drives the spiral blade (7) to rotate through the rotating shaft (8);

the heating assembly comprises a heating unit for heating the interior of the tank body (1) and a detection unit for detecting the temperature in the tank body (1);

the air inlet and exhaust assembly comprises an evacuation pipe (17), a carrier gas inlet pipe (19) and an exhaust pipe (20) which are respectively communicated with the interior of the tank body (1), and valves are respectively arranged on the evacuation pipe (17), the carrier gas inlet pipe (19) and the exhaust pipe (20).

2. The biochar production apparatus as recited in claim 1, wherein: the water inlet (4) and the water outlet (5) are respectively arranged at two ends of the tank body (1), the water inlet (4) is located at the bottom of the tank body (1), and the water outlet (5) is located at the top of the tank body (1).

3. The biochar production apparatus as recited in claim 1, wherein: an insulating layer (6) is coated outside the tank body (1).

4. The biochar production apparatus as recited in claim 1, wherein: the driving unit comprises a motor (24) and a chain transmission structure which is in transmission connection between the motor (24) and the rotating shaft (8).

5. The biochar production apparatus according to claim 4, wherein: the rotating shaft (8) is rotatably supported at two ends of the tank body (1) through bearings, sealing covers are respectively arranged outside the two ends of the tank body (1), and one end of the rotating shaft (8) penetrates out of the sealing cover at the end to be connected with the driving unit.

6. The biochar production apparatus as recited in claim 1, wherein: the heating unit comprises a plurality of heating pipes (27) which are embedded and arranged on the inner wall of the tank body (1), and the detection unit adopts a thermocouple (22) with one end positioned in the tank body (1).

7. The biochar production apparatus as recited in claim 1, wherein: the heating unit is including locating heater strip on helical blade (7), and in the jar body (1) is outer be equipped with brush (28) on pivot (8), the heater strip with brush (28) electricity is connected.

8. The biochar production apparatus as recited in claim 1, wherein: the tank body (1) is supported on a bottom bracket (2).

9. The biochar production apparatus as recited in claim 1, wherein: a vacuum meter (18) is arranged on the vacuum-pumping pipe (17).

10. The biochar production apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein: a turnover baffle (13) is arranged at the discharge port (11), an operating rod (14) which is screwed on the tank body (1) is arranged below the baffle (13), the baffle (13) is supported to block the discharge port (11) by the screwing of the operating rod (14), and the baffle (13) can be turned downwards to open the discharge port (11) due to the screwing of the operating rod (14).