CN219572622U - Rotary kiln dryer for pyrolysis treatment of waste lithium batteries - Google Patents

Rotary kiln dryer for pyrolysis treatment of waste lithium batteries Download PDF

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Publication number
CN219572622U
CN219572622U CN202320337519.3U CN202320337519U CN219572622U CN 219572622 U CN219572622 U CN 219572622U CN 202320337519 U CN202320337519 U CN 202320337519U CN 219572622 U CN219572622 U CN 219572622U
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feeding
furnace tube
box
discharging
furnace
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何维刚
何超
陶军
李国全
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Nanjing Weigang Machinery Technology Co ltd
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Nanjing Weigang Machinery Technology Co ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/84Recycling of batteries or fuel cells

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Abstract

The utility model discloses a rotary kiln dryer for pyrolysis treatment of waste lithium batteries, which comprises a furnace body and a furnace tube, wherein two ends of the furnace tube extend out of the furnace body and are in rotary sealing connection with a feeding exhaust device and a discharging air supplementing device; the feeding side is equipped with feeding helical blade in the boiler tube, and the ejection of compact side is equipped with ejection of compact helical blade, and feeding helical blade and ejection of compact helical blade weld are equipped with the straight board of stirring that is the heliciform and arrange between feeding helical blade and the ejection of compact helical blade on the boiler tube inner wall, and the straight board of stirring radially welds on the boiler tube inner wall, and the both ends that the boiler tube stretched out the furnace body rotate and support on the riding wheel, and is close to feeding exhaust apparatus's one end and pass through gear drive and connect driving motor, form the heating chamber between boiler tube and the furnace body, and the bottom in heating chamber is provided with the zone of heating, is equipped with electric heating element in the zone of heating. The rotary kiln dryer provided by the utility model has the advantages of simple structure, low failure rate, high decomposition efficiency and smooth material feeding and discharging.

Description

Rotary kiln dryer for pyrolysis treatment of waste lithium batteries
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of lithium battery recovery equipment, in particular to a rotary kiln dryer for pyrolysis treatment of waste lithium batteries.
Background
With the rapid development of new energy industry, the use of lithium batteries has grown explosively. The life of lithium batteries is typically 3-5 years, so it is essential to recycle spent lithium ion batteries. The existing method for recycling the waste lithium batteries mainly comprises wet recycling and dry recycling, wherein the wet recycling is the main recycling method at present. In the wet recycling technology, active parts in the lithium battery are mainly recycled through the procedures of crushing and sorting, high-temperature roasting, acid leaching and impurity removal, precursor precipitation, sulfate and lithium carbonate recovery and the like. Wherein the high-temperature roasting step is mainly carried out by adopting traditional heating equipment such as a high-temperature furnace, a rotary furnace and the like.
As chinese patent CN 112128767A discloses a waste lithium battery pyrolysis oven, which comprises a frame, the pyrolysis oven is installed at the top of frame, the one end of pyrolysis oven is provided with the feeding seal box, the feeding seal box is connected with feeding subassembly, the inside of pyrolysis oven is located one side rotation that feeds the seal box and is connected with the stirring spiral, the stirring spiral is connected with the driving motor who fixes on the pyrolysis oven outer wall, the other end of pyrolysis oven is fixed with the ejection of compact seal box, the ejection of compact seal box is connected with ejection of compact subassembly through the discharge gate of bottom, the inside of pyrolysis oven is located one side rotation that the ejection of compact seal box is connected with rotatory barrel, tail gas treatment subassembly is installed to the furnace end position department of pyrolysis oven, a plurality of nozzle is installed to the equidistance all around that is located rotatory barrel on the pyrolysis oven.
The patent needs to be provided with two sets of transmission systems, one of which drives the rotary drum and the other of which drives the turning spiral, and has complex structure and high failure rate; and the bottom of rotary drum is located to the stirring spiral, is difficult to overturn the material of bottom to the top to make the material that gets into the rotary drum be heated the homogeneity poor, pyrolysis efficiency is low.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the utility model provides a rotary kiln dryer for pyrolysis treatment of waste lithium batteries.
The technical scheme adopted by the utility model is as follows:
a rotary kiln dryer for pyrolysis treatment of waste lithium batteries comprises a furnace body and a furnace tube, wherein two ends of the furnace tube extend out of the furnace body and are rotationally and hermetically connected with a feeding and exhausting device and a discharging and air supplementing device; one side of the furnace tube, which is close to the feeding exhaust device, is provided with a feeding spiral blade, one side of the furnace tube, which is close to the discharging air supplementing device, is provided with a discharging spiral blade, the feeding spiral blade and the discharging spiral blade are welded on the inner wall of the furnace tube, a turning straight plate which is spirally arranged is arranged between the feeding spiral blade and the discharging spiral blade, the turning straight plate is radially welded on the inner wall of the furnace tube, two ends of the furnace tube, which extend out of the furnace body, are rotatably supported on a riding wheel, one end, which is close to the feeding exhaust device, is connected with a driving motor through gear transmission, a heating cavity is formed between the furnace tube and the furnace body, the bottom of the heating cavity is provided with a heating area, and an electric heating element is arranged in the heating area.
Further, feeding exhaust apparatus includes feeding case, spiral pusher and exhaust case, exhaust case and furnace tube feed end rotate sealing connection, and box inner chamber and furnace tube inner chamber intercommunication, feeding case fixed mounting is in the front side of exhaust case, spiral pusher passes feeding case and exhaust case's lower extreme in proper order and extends to in the furnace tube, the impeller blade of spiral pusher that is arranged in the feeding case directly exposes in the feeding case, the impeller blade of spiral pusher that is arranged in exhaust case and furnace tube surrounds in the casing, the discharge gate and the furnace tube inner chamber intercommunication of spiral pusher, the top of feeding case is equipped with the feed inlet, the top of exhaust case is equipped with the gas vent.
Further, a bulk cargo device is arranged in the feeding box and is arranged above the spiral pusher, the bulk cargo device comprises a rotating shaft and a plurality of straight rod beater arms which are radially welded on the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is connected with a spiral shaft of the spiral pusher through chain transmission.
Further, the discharging and air supplementing device comprises a discharging box and an air supplementing pipe, the discharging box is in rotary sealing connection with the discharging end of the furnace tube, the inner cavity of the box body is communicated with the inner cavity of the furnace tube, the bottom of the discharging box is provided with a discharging hole, and a discharging valve is arranged on the discharging hole; one end of the air supplementing pipe is communicated with the environment, and the other end of the air supplementing pipe penetrates through the discharging box and extends into the furnace tube.
Further, one end of the furnace tube, which is close to the discharge box, is provided with a cooling device, the cooling device comprises a cooling jacket sleeved outside the furnace tube and rotationally connected with the furnace tube, and a spray water pipe arranged in the cooling jacket and positioned above the furnace tube, the top of the cooling jacket is provided with a water inlet, the water inlet is communicated with the spray water pipe, the bottom of the cooling jacket is provided with a water outlet, and the water outlet is provided with a drain valve.
Further, the spray water pipe comprises a cooling water main pipe extending along the length direction of the furnace tube and a plurality of cooling water branch pipes, one end of each cooling water branch pipe is communicated with the cooling water main pipe, and the other end of each cooling water branch pipe extends to the center of the furnace tube in the radial direction.
The utility model has the beneficial effects that:
1. the utility model replaces the turning spiral with the spiral blade welded in the furnace tube, the transmission system is simplified into a set, the failure rate is greatly reduced, and the working reliability is greatly improved.
2. The spiral blades are continuously welded on the inner wall of the furnace tube in a spiral manner, and in the rotation process of the furnace tube, the feeding spiral blades continuously turn up the materials discharged from the feeding box and continuously push the materials forwards, so that the materials uniformly and continuously enter the furnace body for thermal decomposition; in the decomposition process, the spirally arranged material turning straight plates continuously turn up the material to fully contact the material with the reaction gas to improve the decomposition efficiency, meanwhile, the material is continuously pushed to the discharge end, and after being cooled by the cooling device, the material pushed to the discharge end continuously enters the discharge box under the action of the discharge spiral blade, is discharged from the discharge hole, and is smoothly discharged; therefore, the rotary kiln dryer provided by the utility model has the advantages of high decomposition efficiency, smooth material feeding and discharging, and high efficiency pyrolysis integrated with a cooling device.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a rotary kiln dryer for pyrolysis treatment of waste lithium batteries.
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along A-A in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken along the direction B-B in fig. 1.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present utility model more apparent, the technical solution of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings and a preferred embodiment.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a rotary kiln dryer for pyrolysis treatment of waste lithium batteries comprises a furnace body 10 and a furnace tube 20, wherein the furnace body 10 is supported on a horizontal ground beam 13 through a movable support A11 and a movable support B12, the movable support A11 is arranged at the front end of the furnace body, namely a feeding end, and is of a push rod structure, the height of the furnace body 10 can be adjusted through the push rod, and the feeding end of the furnace body is higher than a discharging end, so that the rotary kiln dryer is suitable for discharging materials with different properties. The movable support B12 is arranged at the rear end of the furnace body, namely the discharge end, and is of a hinged structure so as to be matched with the lifting or lowering of the furnace body. The furnace body 10 is composed of a furnace shell and a furnace lining made of refractory materials, and the furnace lining is surrounded into a furnace chamber 101 with a trapezoid upper part and a rectangular lower part. The bottom of the furnace chamber is provided with a plurality of heating areas, for example, 9 heating areas are provided in the embodiment, and the heating areas are provided with electric heating wires 15, so that the temperature of the furnace tube 20 in the furnace chamber 101 is heated by the electric heating wires in a radiation manner, and the waste batteries in the furnace tube are thermally decomposed. Each heating zone is internally provided with a thermocouple 14, and the thermocouple 14 can be controlled in an interlocking way with an electric heating wire in the heating zone, so that the temperature of each heating zone can be adjusted.
The furnace tube 20 is arranged in the furnace chamber 101, and two ends of the furnace tube extend out of the furnace body 10 to be connected with a feeding and exhausting device and a discharging and air supplementing device; the two ends of the furnace tube 20 are rotatably supported on the riding wheel 16 through reinforcing rings, a gear 17 is sleeved at the front end of the furnace tube, the gear 17 is in meshed transmission connection with an output gear of a driving motor 18, and the driving motor 18 drives the furnace tube 20 to rotate on the riding wheel 16 through the gear.
The furnace tube 20 is cylindrical, and is sequentially provided with a feeding section, a thermal decomposition section and a cooling discharging section from front to back, the thermal decomposition section is positioned in the furnace chamber 101, the inner side wall of the thermal decomposition section is welded with a material turning straight plate 22 which is spirally arranged, the material turning straight plate 22 radially extends along the furnace tube, the height of the material turning straight plate is about 1/5 of the diameter of the furnace tube, the effect of material turning and pushing is not obvious when the height of the material turning straight plate 22 is too low, and the loading quantity is reduced when the height is too high. The furnace tube in the feeding section is internally provided with a feeding helical blade 21, the feeding helical blade 21 is continuously welded on the inner side wall of the furnace tube in a helical shape, and the helical height is equal to the height of the turning straight plate 22. The helix angle of the feed screw 21 is preferably 19-20 deg. to ensure feed rate and turn-up effect. In the furnace tube of the cooling discharging section, a material turning straight plate 22 is arranged at the front section, a discharging spiral blade 23 is arranged at the rear section, and the structure of the discharging spiral blade 23 is the same as that of the feeding spiral blade 21.
The furnace tube of the cooling discharging section is longer than the furnace tube of the feeding section, so that enough space is ensured for arranging the cooling device. The cooling device sets up between back riding wheel and discharging case, and cooling device 30 includes cooling jacket 31 and spray header 32 in this embodiment, and cooling jacket 31 concentric suit is in the outside of boiler tube 20, and is provided with annular cooling space with the boiler tube between, and cooling jacket 31 passes through support fixed mounting on horizontal ground beam 13, and both ends pass through the apron and seal around it, and the apron rotates with the boiler tube to be connected, and the setting of apron can seal cooling water in cooling jacket, discharges to collection device after the outlet through cooling jacket bottom, and accessible circulating pump cyclic utilization saves the energy consumption. The shower pipe 32 is disposed in the cooling jacket and above the furnace tube, and may include a cooling water header pipe extending along the length direction of the furnace tube and a plurality of cooling water branch pipes having one end connected to the cooling water header pipe and the other end extending radially toward the center of the furnace tube. Cooling water entering the cooling water header pipe can be uniformly distributed through the cooling water branch pipes and sprayed to the outer wall of the furnace tube to cool the pyrolyzed material in the furnace tube. The top of the cooling jacket is provided with a water inlet, a water inlet pipe 34 is arranged in the water inlet, the water inlet pipe is communicated with a cooling water main pipe, and a water inlet valve is arranged on the water inlet pipe 34. A water outlet is arranged at the bottom of the cooling jacket, a water drain pipe 33 is arranged in the water outlet, and a water drain valve is arranged on the water drain pipe 33.
The feeding exhaust device comprises a feeding box 41, a spiral pusher 42 and an exhaust box 43, wherein the exhaust box 43 is in rotary sealing connection with the feeding end of the furnace tube 10, the box body of the exhaust box 43 is cylindrical, the center of the cylinder coincides with the center of the furnace tube, and the rear end of the box body extends into the furnace tube and is communicated with the inner cavity of the furnace tube through an opening. The top of the exhaust box 43 is provided with an exhaust port. The feeding box 41 is arranged at the front side of the exhaust box 43, the upper end of the feeding box 41 is rectangular, and the lower end of the feeding box is semicircular. The box body of the feeding box 41 is supported on the horizontal ground beam 13 through a bracket, the spiral pusher 42 is arranged parallel to the axis direction of the furnace tube, the spiral pusher comprises a spiral shaft 421, a spiral pushing blade 422, a cylindrical shell 423 and a motor 424, the spiral shaft 421 is rotatably arranged on the feeding box 41 through a bearing, the motor 424 is arranged on the horizontal ground beam 13 through a bracket, and is connected with the spiral shaft 421 through chain transmission to drive the spiral shaft 421 to rotate. The spiral shaft 421 and the spiral pushing blade 422 sequentially pass through the feeding box 41 and the exhaust box 43 to extend into the furnace tube 10, one end of the cylinder shell 423 is fixedly connected with the semicircular box body of the feeding box 41 in a coaxial way, the other end of the cylinder shell 423 passes through the exhaust box 43 to extend into the furnace tube 10 and is fixedly connected with the exhaust box 43, and one end of the cylinder shell 423 extending into the furnace tube is communicated with the inner cavity of the furnace tube through a lower opening. The helical blades in the feed box 41 are directly exposed to the feed box 41, and agitate and convey the material; the pusher blades of the screw pusher located in the exhaust box 43 and furnace tube 10 are enclosed in the cylindrical housing 423 and serve only to convey material. The top of the feeding box 41 is provided with a feeding hole 412, the lower end of the rectangular box body is provided with a bulk cargo device 141, the bulk cargo device comprises a rotating shaft and a plurality of straight rod beater arms which are radially welded on the rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is connected with a screw shaft 421 of the screw feeder through chain transmission, and the rotating shaft is driven to rotate by a motor 424. The material entering the feed box 41 from the feed inlet 412 is dispersed by the straight rod beater and enters the screw pusher.
The discharging and air supplementing device comprises a discharging box 51 and an air supplementing pipe 52, the box body of the discharging box 51 is conical, a through hole matched with the diameter of the furnace tube is formed in the front side wall of the box body, the discharging end of the furnace tube 10 penetrates through the through hole and stretches into the box body of the discharging box 51, and the outer wall of the furnace tube is in rotary sealing connection with the box body. The box body of the discharging box 51 is supported on the horizontal ground beam 13 through a bracket, the bottom of the box body is conical, a discharging hole is arranged at the lowest part, and a discharging valve 53 is arranged on the discharging hole. One end of the air supplementing pipe 52 is communicated with the environment, and the other end of the air supplementing pipe penetrates through the discharging box 51 to extend into the furnace tube and is communicated with the inner cavity of the furnace tube.
The working mode of the utility model is as follows:
crushed waste lithium battery materials enter the feeding box 41 through the feeding hole 412, are dispersed under the action of the bulk cargo device 141, enter the spiral pusher 42, the spiral pusher 42 conveys the materials into the furnace tube 10, the materials entering the furnace tube are turned up under the action of the feeding spiral blades 21 to be uniformly mixed and continuously enter the furnace body 10 forwards, the heating zone in the furnace body 10 is used for heating the furnace tube, the materials in the furnace tube are heated and decomposed, organic waste gas generated by decomposition enters the exhaust box 43 and is discharged from the exhaust hole, in the decomposition process, the materials are continuously turned up by the turning straight plates of the spiral arrangement 22 to improve the decomposition efficiency, and are continuously pushed to the discharge end along with the rotation of the furnace tube, the materials cooled and cooled by the cooling device 30 enter the discharge box 51 under the action of the discharging spiral blades 23, and are preferably discharged from the discharge hole.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and it should be noted that modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art may be made without departing from the principles of the present utility model and remain within the scope of the utility model.

Claims (6)

1. The rotary kiln dryer for pyrolysis treatment of the waste lithium batteries comprises a furnace body and a furnace tube, and is characterized in that two ends of the furnace tube extend out of the furnace body and are rotationally and hermetically connected with a feeding and exhausting device and a discharging and air supplementing device; one side of the furnace tube, which is close to the feeding exhaust device, is provided with a feeding spiral blade, one side of the furnace tube, which is close to the discharging air supplementing device, is provided with a discharging spiral blade, the feeding spiral blade and the discharging spiral blade are welded on the inner wall of the furnace tube, a turning straight plate which is spirally arranged is arranged between the feeding spiral blade and the discharging spiral blade, the turning straight plate is radially welded on the inner wall of the furnace tube, two ends of the furnace tube, which extend out of the furnace body, are rotatably supported on a riding wheel, one end, which is close to the feeding exhaust device, is connected with a driving motor through gear transmission, a heating cavity is formed between the furnace tube and the furnace body, the bottom of the heating cavity is provided with a heating area, and an electric heating element is arranged in the heating area.
2. The rotary kiln dryer for pyrolysis treatment of waste lithium batteries according to claim 1, wherein the feeding and exhausting device comprises a feeding box, a spiral pusher and an exhaust box, the exhaust box is in rotary sealing connection with the feeding end of the furnace tube, the inner cavity of the box body is communicated with the inner cavity of the furnace tube, the feeding box is fixedly arranged on the front side of the exhaust box, the spiral pusher sequentially penetrates through the feeding box and the lower end of the exhaust box to extend into feeding spiral blades, the pusher blades of the spiral pusher in the feeding box are directly exposed in the feeding box, the pusher blades of the spiral pusher in the exhaust box and the furnace tube are enclosed in a shell, the discharge hole of the spiral pusher is communicated with the inner cavity of the furnace tube, the top of the feeding box is provided with a feeding hole, and the top of the exhaust box is provided with an exhaust port.
3. The rotary kiln dryer for pyrolysis treatment of waste lithium batteries according to claim 2, wherein a bulk material device is arranged in the feeding box and is arranged above the spiral pusher, the rotary kiln dryer comprises a rotating shaft and a plurality of straight rod manipulators radially welded on the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is connected with a screw shaft of the spiral pusher through chain transmission.
4. The rotary kiln dryer for pyrolysis treatment of waste lithium batteries according to claim 1, wherein the discharging and air supplementing device comprises a discharging box and an air supplementing pipe, the discharging box is in rotary sealing connection with a discharging end of a furnace tube, an inner cavity of the box body is communicated with an inner cavity of the furnace tube, a discharging hole is formed in the bottom of the discharging box, and a discharging valve is arranged on the discharging hole; one end of the air supplementing pipe is communicated with the environment, and the other end of the air supplementing pipe penetrates through the discharging box and extends into the furnace tube.
5. The rotary kiln dryer for pyrolysis treatment of waste lithium batteries according to claim 1, wherein the cooling device is arranged at one end of the furnace tube close to the discharge box and comprises a cooling jacket sleeved outside the furnace tube and rotationally connected with the furnace tube, and a spray water pipe arranged in the cooling jacket and positioned above the furnace tube, a water inlet is arranged at the top of the cooling jacket and communicated with the spray water pipe, a water outlet is arranged at the bottom of the cooling jacket, and a drain valve is arranged on the water outlet.
6. The rotary kiln dryer for pyrolysis treatment of waste lithium batteries according to claim 5, wherein the spray header comprises a cooling water main pipe extending along the length direction of the furnace tube and a plurality of cooling water branch pipes, one end of each cooling water branch pipe is communicated with the cooling water main pipe, and the other end of each cooling water branch pipe extends to the center of the furnace tube in the radial direction.
CN202320337519.3U 2023-02-28 2023-02-28 Rotary kiln dryer for pyrolysis treatment of waste lithium batteries Active CN219572622U (en)

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CN202320337519.3U CN219572622U (en) 2023-02-28 2023-02-28 Rotary kiln dryer for pyrolysis treatment of waste lithium batteries

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202320337519.3U CN219572622U (en) 2023-02-28 2023-02-28 Rotary kiln dryer for pyrolysis treatment of waste lithium batteries

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN119353914A (en) * 2024-11-12 2025-01-24 湖南顶立科技股份有限公司 Rotary kiln for recycling waste lithium batteries to reduce dust at the source

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN119353914A (en) * 2024-11-12 2025-01-24 湖南顶立科技股份有限公司 Rotary kiln for recycling waste lithium batteries to reduce dust at the source

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