CN214565122U

CN214565122U - Automobile-used lithium battery system that starts

Info

Publication number: CN214565122U
Application number: CN202120417553.2U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 樊朝晖; 苏林; 卢世佳; 刘冰
Original assignee: Zhiyi New Energy Development Co ltd
Current assignee: Changzhou Zhixu New Energy Power Technology Co.,Ltd.
Priority date: 2021-02-25
Filing date: 2021-02-25
Publication date: 2021-11-02
Anticipated expiration: 2031-02-25

Abstract

The utility model discloses an automobile-used start lithium battery system. By means of the tripolar pole design, loads of the vehicle except a starting machine are protected by the battery power, and the loads are independently supplied with power for the vehicle while enough power for starting the vehicle is reserved. And a circuit loop is independently arranged for a starter started by a vehicle, the purpose of the independent loop is only ignition, and even if the phenomenon of vehicle leakage occurs, such as the situation that the lamp is forgotten to be turned off, the battery still stores enough electric quantity for ignition so as to solve the problem of road rescue. The vehicle-used starting lithium battery system can be applied to common passenger vehicles with 12-volt systems and special vehicles with 24-volt system engineering.

Description

Automobile-used lithium battery system that starts

Technical Field

The embodiment of the utility model provides a relate to automobile-used battery field, concretely relates to 24v engineering car is with starting lithium battery system and the ordinary passenger car of 12v starts lithium battery system.

Background

The traditional lead-acid storage battery is used as an automobile starting storage battery in the industry for a while, and as a traditional power source of an automobile, the lead-acid storage battery faces a series of challenges, for example, during parking of the automobile, the battery power is consumed in the using process of vehicle-mounted electronic equipment including a GPS, an electronic anti-theft system, a vehicle data recorder and the like, so that the voltage of the storage battery is low, and the automobile cannot be started when the automobile is used again. At the moment, an emergency starting mode can be usually only adopted, for example, a standby power supply is used for completing starting, the service life loss of a battery in the process is very high, and the service life of the starting power supply is very short even less than one year for some special vehicles such as a network appointment car and a taxi. The backup power needs to be purchased additionally and carried for a long time, and needs to be recharged after being stored for a certain time, which is very troublesome and troublesome. Furthermore, in northern areas, the attenuation of the traditional lead-acid storage battery is serious because the outdoor temperature is very low in winter, so that the automobile is difficult to start. In addition, the power lithium battery can support normal operation at minus 40 ℃ through reasonable material process design.

In addition to the difficulty in starting the automobile, the conventional lead-acid battery also needs to use vehicle-mounted equipment such as an air conditioner and the like in the running process of the automobile. Because the power of the vehicle-mounted air conditioner is high, although the generator provides most electric energy during running, when the air conditioner fan still needs to work after the automobile is shut down, the battery needs to be started to provide continuous current. The starting battery has the capability of supplying a large current for a short time, but does not have the capability of continuously supplying a large current.

In view of the disadvantages of the conventional lead-acid battery, the industry has used a lithium battery to replace the conventional lead-acid battery. The service life of the lithium battery used at present actually measured exceeds 10 years, the estimated continuous service life is not less than 10 years, and the service life of the lithium battery far exceeds that of the traditional lead-acid battery. That is, future vehicles will not need to have their batteries replaced for life, as compared to the average of three years in the past when a battery pack was replaced. Compared with the traditional lead-acid battery adopted by the automobile, the lithium battery has lower internal resistance (about 1/30 of the lead-acid battery), better current release capacity, high charging and discharging efficiency, higher ignition efficiency and more energy conservation. Moreover, the low-temperature lithium battery can support ignition at 40 ℃ below zero, and the vehicle has better weather resistance. In addition, lithium batteries do not have a reverse memory effect. That is, lead acid batteries have a sudden death feature at the end of their life, do not have an emergency ignition function, and can only rely on road rescue after a vehicle is anchored. While the lithium battery supports forced ignition. Meanwhile, the lithium battery also supports micro hybrid vehicles, and in some application scenarios, for example: start and stop application, little hybrid etc. have better suitability.

However, lithium batteries need to solve the problems of safety management, charge and discharge protection, and forced start-up, compared to conventional lead-acid batteries. In terms of safety management, the biggest difference between a lithium battery and a traditional lead-acid battery is that the lithium battery must be subjected to safety management, and the problem needs to be fully considered and solved in practical design, and meanwhile, the dynamic consistency of the battery in a long-term floating charge state needs to be solved. In charge and discharge protection, the biggest obstacle restricting the application of lithium batteries in starting storage batteries in automobiles at present is the protection switch and the energy consumption thereof. The peak current of the automobile starting storage battery reaches 400A, and the instantaneous value of the reverse tank voltage of the automobile starter exceeds 450V. Traditional semiconductor switches (such as mosfets) are insufficient, and management by igbt is not practical from the application scene, while traditional relays have energy consumption, which can cause battery power shortage.

The existing mature starting protection adopts a double-bridge switch (also called double-off-bridge protection switch) design, which is a double-holding mechanical switch specially designed for battery protection. The ignition device utilizes instant surge and high-voltage tolerance of a mechanical contact to realize battery protection and simultaneously meets the requirement of automobile ignition. For example, fig. 1 is a battery circuit employing a dual bridge switch. The positive pole and the negative pole of the battery are connected with a vehicle-mounted electrical appliance and a vehicle starter, when a key or a switch is adopted for ignition starting, the battery generates peak starting current, in order to protect the battery, a protection diode connected in parallel is arranged on one side of the positive pole, the large current of a reverse tank is cut off by the diode to realize the protection of the battery, and the diode is typically TVS (transient voltage suppression diode), for example. However, this design does not avoid the consumption of the battery power by the vehicle load.

Disclosure of Invention

Therefore, the utility model provides an automobile-used start lithium battery system to solve the various problems that exist among the prior art.

In order to achieve the above object, the embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions: a vehicle starting lithium battery system comprises a pole 1, a pole 2 and a pole 3, wherein the pole 2 and the pole 3 are respectively connected with one pole of a lithium battery pack, and the pole 2 and the pole 3 are connected by a switch protection unit; the pole 1 is connected with the other pole of the lithium battery pack; the lithium battery pack is formed by connecting a plurality of lithium battery units in series, and two electrodes of each lithium battery unit are connected with a battery pack bus unit, so that each battery pack is monitored and managed through the battery pack bus unit, and the lithium battery pack bus unit is also connected with a switch protection unit between a pole 2 and a pole 3; the battery pack bus unit can control the on or off of the switch protection unit according to the monitoring of each lithium battery unit in the lithium battery pack, and the switch unit is a bridge-off type double-holding special mechanical switch which can effectively bear surge current at the moment of ignition and reverse high voltage of a starter.

The pole 1 and the pole 3 are directly connected with a vehicle starter, and when an ignition key or an ignition switch is used for igniting the vehicle, the lithium battery pack is connected to generate high-voltage heavy current, so that the vehicle is started; further, a high-voltage diode is connected in parallel with one electrode of the pole 3 and the lithium battery pack to prevent the lithium battery pack from being damaged by high voltage and large current of an anti-tank, and meanwhile, the normal ignition function and the power utilization follow current under the abnormal overvoltage protection condition are ensured to ensure that the battery is fully self-balanced.

Further, the voltage of the lithium battery pack is 24V or 12V.

Furthermore, the vehicle-mounted lithium battery starting system also comprises a switch protection unit, wherein the switch protection unit comprises an over-discharge follow current unit, an over-charge follow current unit and a current limiting unit, the over-discharge follow current unit is connected with the first switch in parallel, and the over-charge follow current unit is connected with the second switch in parallel; the over-discharge follow current unit and the first switch form a whole, the over-charge follow current unit and the second switch form a whole, and the current limiting unit is connected in series, and the third switch is connected in parallel to the first end of the over-discharge follow current unit and the second end of the current limiting unit.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It should be apparent that the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and that other embodiments can be derived from the drawings provided by those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort.

The structure, ratio, size and the like shown in the present specification are only used for matching with the content disclosed in the specification, so as to be known and read by people familiar with the technology, and are not used for limiting the limit conditions which can be implemented by the present invention, so that the present invention has no technical essential significance, and any structure modification, ratio relationship change or size adjustment should still fall within the scope which can be covered by the technical content disclosed by the present invention without affecting the efficacy and the achievable purpose of the present invention.

Fig. 1 shows a conventional lithium battery system designed for double bridge protection.

Fig. 2 is the utility model provides an adopt automobile-used or start-up lithium battery system of tripolar post structure.

Fig. 3 is a partial structure diagram of a three-pole structure battery system provided by the present invention.

Fig. 4 is the utility model provides a 24V is start-up lithium battery system of three utmost point post structures for machineshop car.

Fig. 5 is the utility model provides a 12V is ordinary passenger car with three utmost point post structures start lithium battery system.

Detailed Description

The present invention is described in terms of specific embodiments, and other advantages and benefits of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENT (S) OF INVENTION

Referring to fig. 2, a system architecture of an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Fig. 2 is a vehicle starting lithium battery system adopting a tripolar pole structure, which includes a pole 1, a pole 2 and a pole 3, wherein the pole 2 and the pole 3 are respectively connected to the positive pole of the lithium battery pack, and the pole 2 and the pole 3 are connected by a switch protection unit. The pole 1 is connected with the negative electrode of the lithium battery pack. For the lithium battery pack, the lithium battery pack is formed by connecting a plurality of lithium battery units in series, and the positive electrode and the negative electrode of each lithium battery unit are connected with the battery pack bus unit, so that each battery pack is monitored and managed through the battery pack bus unit. The battery pack bus unit is also connected with the switch protection unit between the pole 2 and the pole 3. The battery pack bus unit can control the switch protection unit to be opened or closed according to the monitoring of each lithium battery unit in the lithium battery pack.

In the automobile-used start lithium battery system of tripolar post structure, utmost point post 1 and utmost point post 3 (negative pole and the positive pole of lithium cell promptly) lug connection vehicle starter, when the ignition adopts the key or ignition switch to ignite the vehicle, the lithium cell group is put through and is produced high-pressure heavy current to start the vehicle. Similarly, in order to protect the lithium battery pack, a diode may be connected in parallel to the positive electrode of the terminal 3 and the lithium battery pack to prevent the lithium battery pack from being damaged by the high voltage and the large current of the reverse tank.

In the vehicle starting lithium battery system with the three-pole structure, the anode of the lithium battery pack is connected with the pole 2 through the switch protection unit, and the pole 1 (connected with the cathode of the lithium battery pack) and the pole 2 are used for connecting a vehicle charger and a load on a vehicle. Since the voltage of the lithium battery pack is usually high (for example, 24V), the operating voltage of a typical vehicle load is 12V. Therefore, in practice, the

terminals

1 and 2 need to transform the voltage of the lithium battery pack through a transformation device (not shown in the figure) to meet the power demand of the load for the vehicle. In order to effectively protect the lithium battery pack during charging or discharging, an overcharge protection device and an overdischarge protection device (not shown) are generally required. With continued reference to fig. 2, in the starting lithium battery system for a vehicle with a three-pole structure in the present embodiment, loads of the vehicle except for the starting machine are all protected by the battery power, that is, the lithium battery pack, the switch protection unit, the pole 1, the pole 2, and the loads are all protected by the battery power. When the over-discharge phenomenon occurs in the discharging process of the lithium battery pack, the battery power protection can timely intervene to cut off the power supply of the battery to the load, so that the electric quantity enough for starting the vehicle is reserved for the lithium battery pack. Just because the independent circuit return circuit of vehicle starter comes out, utmost point post 1, utmost point post 3 and lithium cell group are as an independent return circuit, and its purpose only is used for the ignition, starts the vehicle promptly, therefore even the phenomenon that the car leaks electricity appears, because the battery has preserved the electric quantity of enough ignitions, the ignition of vehicle can be realized to independent start-up return circuit. Therefore, when the battery of the vehicle with the common design is insufficient, the vehicle is generally solved by the schemes of road rescue, forced firing of the navigation route and the like. And the starting lithium battery system of tripolar post structure, because lithium cell group conserves sufficient start-up electric quantity to the starting circuit is independently come out, therefore possesses the ability of saving oneself. In addition, for battery level protection, the battery level protection may be implemented in a form conventional in the art, and for the sake of brevity of this description, detailed description thereof will not be provided herein.

Referring to fig. 3, a partial structure of a three-pole structure battery system for a vehicle is shown. The battery packs can be freely combined according to actual needs, and for example, a 24V battery pack or a 12V battery pack can be formed. The pole 1 is connected with the anode of the battery pack, the pole 3 is connected with the cathode of the battery pack, and the pole 2 is connected with the switch protection unit and then connected with the cathode of the battery pack. The switch protection unit comprises an over-discharge follow current unit, an over-charge follow current unit and a current limiting unit, the over-discharge follow current unit is connected with the first switch in parallel, and the over-charge follow current unit is connected with the second switch in parallel. The over-discharge follow current unit and the first switch form a whole, the over-charge follow current unit and the second switch form a whole, and the current limiting unit is connected in series, and the third switch is connected in parallel to the first end of the over-discharge follow current unit and the second end of the current limiting unit. The switch protection unit can cut off the circuit in time under the condition that the battery pack is abnormally insufficient, so that the electric quantity enough for starting a vehicle is reserved for the battery pack.

Referring to fig. 4, a starting lithium battery system of a three-pole structure for a 24V engineering vehicle is shown. The starting lithium battery system with the three-pole structure for the 24V engineering vehicle is actually applied to the engineering vehicle by the battery system shown in FIG. 3. For the sake of simplicity of description, the internal structure of the tripolar cell is not described, and it is only required to specifically illustrate that the battery pack of the battery system is a 24V lithium battery pack. With continued reference to fig. 4, the pole 1 and the pole 3 are respectively connected to two ends of a vehicle starter, and the ignition key is used as a switch to realize ignition starting of the vehicle. The pole 1 and the pole 2 are connected with the vehicle-mounted electrical appliance, and the power supply and the power failure of the vehicle-mounted electrical appliance are realized by using an automobile key as a switch. Although the ignition key and the car key are described separately, the ignition key and the car key may be the same key, and the vehicle power supply or the ignition start can be realized by inserting the key into the key hole and screwing the key to the corresponding position, which is not unique to the key commonly used in the field.

Referring to fig. 5, a starting lithium battery system of a 12V conventional passenger car three-pole configuration is shown. The starting lithium battery system with the 12V common passenger vehicle three-pole structure is actually the practical application of the battery system shown in FIG. 3 on engineering vehicles. For the sake of simplicity of description, the internal structure of the tripolar cell is not described, and it is only required to specifically illustrate that the battery pack of the battery system is a 12V lithium battery pack. With continued reference to fig. 5, the terminal 1 and the terminal 3 are respectively connected to two ends of a vehicle starter, and ignition starting of the vehicle is realized by using an automobile key as a switch. Utmost point post 1 and utmost point post 2 provide on-vehicle auxiliary power consumption for on-vehicle electrical apparatus, realize power supply and outage to on-vehicle electrical apparatus through car key as the switch.

Although the invention has been described in detail with respect to the general description and the specific embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and improvements can be made based on the invention. Therefore, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.

Claims

1. A vehicle starting lithium battery system comprises a pole 1, a pole 2 and a pole 3, wherein the pole 2 and the pole 3 are respectively connected with one pole of a lithium battery pack, and the pole 2 and the pole 3 are connected by a switch protection unit; the pole 1 is connected with the other pole of the lithium battery pack; the lithium battery pack is formed by connecting a plurality of lithium battery units in series, and two electrodes of each lithium battery unit are connected with a battery pack bus unit, so that each battery pack is monitored and managed through the battery pack bus unit, and the battery pack bus unit is also connected with a switch protection unit between a pole 2 and a pole 3; the battery pack bus unit controls the on or off of the switch protection unit according to the monitoring of each lithium battery unit in the lithium battery pack, and the switch protection unit is a bridge-off type double-holding special mechanical switch and is used for bearing surge current at the moment of ignition and reverse high voltage of a starter.

2. The vehicle-mounted lithium starting battery system according to claim 1, wherein: the pole 1 and the pole 3 are directly connected with a vehicle starter, and when an ignition key or an ignition switch is used for igniting the vehicle, the lithium battery pack is connected to generate high-voltage heavy current, so that the vehicle is started; further, a high-voltage diode is connected in parallel with one electrode of the pole 3 and the lithium battery pack to prevent the lithium battery pack from being damaged by high voltage and large current of an anti-tank, and meanwhile, the normal ignition function and the power utilization follow current under the abnormal overvoltage protection condition are ensured to ensure that the battery is fully self-balanced.

3. The vehicle-mounted lithium starting battery system according to claim 2, wherein: wherein the voltage of the lithium battery pack is 24V or 12V.

4. The vehicle-mounted lithium starting battery system according to claim 3, wherein: the lithium battery system for starting the vehicle further comprises a switch protection unit, wherein the switch protection unit comprises an over-discharge follow current unit, an over-charge follow current unit and a current limiting unit, the over-discharge follow current unit is connected with the first switch in parallel, and the over-charge follow current unit is connected with the second switch in parallel; the over-discharge follow current unit and the first switch form a whole, the over-charge follow current unit and the second switch form a whole, and the current limiting unit is connected in series, and the third switch is connected in parallel to the first end of the over-discharge follow current unit and the second end of the current limiting unit.