CN218733375U

CN218733375U - Low-voltage battery system

Info

Publication number: CN218733375U
Application number: CN202223007981.1U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 宋小梅; 王先兵; 孙光忠; 解正安
Original assignee: Camel Group New Energy Battery Co Ltd
Current assignee: Camel Group New Energy Battery Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-11-11
Filing date: 2022-11-11
Publication date: 2023-03-24
Anticipated expiration: 2032-11-11

Abstract

The utility model discloses a low voltage battery system. Belongs to the technical field of lithium battery systems. The battery mainly solves the problem that the service life and the safety performance of a battery are influenced by the fact that an overvoltage state easily occurs to a single battery cell of an existing lithium battery system. It is mainly characterized in that: the low-voltage battery system comprises a battery module, a battery management system, a current sensor, a bistable switch, a capacitor, a positive terminal and a negative terminal; the positive terminal, the bistable switch, the battery module, the current sensor and the negative terminal are sequentially connected in series; the capacitor is connected with the bistable switch, the battery module and the current sensor in parallel; and the battery management system is respectively connected with the bistable switch, the battery module and the current sensor. The utility model has the characteristics of can prevent that each monomer from overcharging, extension battery life and improvement battery security performance in the battery, mainly used is automobile starter and parking air conditioner's low pressure power supply.

Description

Low-voltage battery system

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of lithium battery system, concretely relates to various automobile-used low voltage battery system or parking air conditioner battery system type low voltage battery system can be used to 12V or 24V low voltage battery or auxiliary battery system, or parking air conditioner battery system.

Background

At present, generators or DC/DC low-voltage charging systems are configured on various types of vehicles, a constant-voltage current-limiting charging mode is adopted for a battery system, the charging voltage is different, the charging of a 12V system can be different from 13.6V to 16V, the charging of a 24V system can be different from 27.2V to 32V, the safety performance of the battery is considered in the industry, most lithium iron system lithium batteries are used, as the voltage of the generator or the DCDC low-voltage charging system in the whole vehicle industry is different from the voltage, the voltage is constant and cannot be adjusted, an overvoltage state easily occurs in a single battery core of the lithium battery system, the service life and the safety performance of the battery are influenced, particularly after the battery is poor in consistency or the battery is used for a period of time, the overvoltage phenomenon is more obvious, and the service life and the safety performance of the lithium battery are seriously shortened.

Disclosure of Invention

An object of the utility model is to overcome prior art's the aforesaid not enough and provide a low voltage battery system, can satisfy the place that various whole cars need low voltage power supply, can use former charging system of joining in marriage to charge for this lithium battery system using the vehicle, and can not lead to monomer electricity core overcharge, the life and the security performance of extension battery reduce the visitor and complain, after sales maintenance cost, improve battery performance, reduce the cost expense of the whole life cycle of battery system.

The technical solution of the utility model is that: a low-voltage battery system is used for supplying power to a low voltage of an automobile starter and a parking air conditioner, and is characterized in that: the low-voltage battery system comprises a battery module, a battery management system, a current sensor, a bistable switch, a capacitor, a positive terminal and a negative terminal; the positive terminal, the bistable switch, the battery module, the current sensor and the negative terminal are sequentially connected in series; the capacitor is connected with the bistable switch, the battery module and the current sensor in parallel; and the battery management system is respectively connected with the bistable switch, the battery module and the current sensor.

The technical solution of the utility model also comprises a communication port; the communication port is connected with a battery management system.

The technical solution of the utility model in the electric battery module include a plurality of series-parallel battery monomer.

The utility model discloses a technical solution in the battery module be 8 cluster lithium iron batteries or 4 cluster lithium iron batteries, constitute 24V or 12V's battery module respectively.

The battery management system in the technical solution of the utility model comprises a current monitoring module, a temperature monitoring module, a voltage detection module and a data processing module; the current monitoring module is used for detecting a current signal of the battery module, the temperature monitoring module is used for detecting a temperature signal of the battery module, the voltage detection module is used for detecting a voltage signal of the battery module, and the data processing module is used for analyzing and processing the acquired data to obtain the current electric quantity Q of the battery module.

The utility model discloses a technical solution in the battery management system through communication port and the interior display device of driver's cabin and remote control switch communication connection.

The utility model discloses an among the technical solution electric capacity be greater than 1 uF's electric capacity for capacity.

The negative terminal and the positive terminal in the technical solution of the utility model are pole terminals or connectors; the current sensor is a current divider or a Hall sensor; the bistable switch is a magnetic latching relay.

The utility model discloses a technical solution in the battery monomer be power type battery monomer.

The utility model discloses a technical solution in the battery monomer be soft package, aluminum hull, cylinder structure's lithium cell.

The utility model discloses a positive terminal and negative terminal are connected to the load position of whole car among the low voltage battery system, and operating condition divide into whole car engine operating condition, whole car engine off-state. When the engine of the whole vehicle is in a working state, the generator of the whole vehicle charges the low-voltage battery system and supplies power to the load of the whole vehicle, when the electric quantity of the battery is charged to a certain electric quantity, the bistable switch is switched off, so that the low-voltage battery system is in a non-charging and non-discharging state, the overcharge of each monomer in the battery is prevented, and meanwhile, the capacitor is connected in a low-voltage loop of the whole vehicle, and the vehicle is in a bad state without a low-voltage power supply; when the total external pressure at two ends of the battery is lower than a certain value and lasts for a certain time, the loop has a high load, and the bistable switch needs to be closed immediately, so that the battery pack can be charged and discharged normally. When the engine of the whole vehicle is in a stop state, the low-voltage battery system is used for supplying power to the low-voltage system of the whole vehicle and the parking air conditioner, if the electric quantity of the low-voltage battery system is lower than a set value, the low-voltage battery system disconnects the bistable switch of the loop to ensure that the battery has enough electric quantity for the low-voltage vehicle again, when the low-voltage battery system is used for the low-voltage vehicle again in a low-electric-quantity protection state, the bistable switch of the battery system is in a closed state through the remote switch connected with the communication port, and the low-voltage battery system can be charged through the engine of the vehicle after the low-voltage vehicle. Therefore, the low-voltage battery system can be ensured to normally supply power to the whole vehicle low-voltage system and the air conditioner load, and the embarrassment that the external battery needs to be connected with low voltage or the trailer when the vehicle cannot be connected with low voltage midway is avoided.

Compare with current battery pack system, the utility model discloses possess the too high protect function of electric quantity, under the unstable state of voltage of current constant voltage current-limiting charger, ensure that the battery can not overcharge, use more save worry and prolong the life of battery, improve the security performance. And the working state of the low-voltage battery system can be conveniently controlled in the cab, and meanwhile, the state information of the battery can be seen on the display equipment in the cab. The low-voltage battery system uses the bistable switch, so that the power consumption of the low-voltage battery system is effectively reduced. Compare with the double cell scheme that two independent low voltage battery and parking air conditioner low voltage battery system were used to the tradition, the utility model discloses use one set of battery system, effectively save installation space, installation material, reduce cost, reduction power dissipation, the life of extension battery reduces the fault rate. Compared with the existing loop formed by the diode and the switch, the low-voltage battery system capacitor loop has no diode and switch, has few parts, reduces the probability of damage and maintenance, simultaneously removes the diode and the switch of a vulnerable part, is more stable, and improves the stability of the product.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of the present invention.

In the figure: 1-a negative terminal; 2-a current sensor; 3-a battery module; 4-a bistable switch; 5-positive terminal; 6-a battery management system; 7-a communication port; 8-capacitance.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be fully described below, and the portions of the technical solutions of the present invention that are not explicitly described are the prior art, and the contents that are not described in the present specification can be undoubtedly derived from the prior art, and all of the contents constitute the contents disclosed in the present specification. The embodiments described are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment of the low voltage battery system of the present invention is a charge and discharge circuit composed of a negative terminal 1, a current sensor 2, a battery module 3, a bistable switch 4, a positive terminal 5, a Battery Management System (BMS) 6, a communication port 7 and a capacitor 8, and forms a low voltage battery system with power supply for low voltage systems such as a vehicle start and a parking air conditioner. The positive terminal 5, the bistable switch 4, the battery module 3, the current sensor 2 and the negative terminal 1 are sequentially connected in series to form a first loop, the negative terminal 1, the capacitor 8 and the positive terminal 5 are sequentially connected in series to form a second loop, and the capacitor 8 is connected with the bistable switch 4, the battery module 3 and the current sensor 2 in parallel. The battery management system 6 is electrically connected to the bistable switch 4, the battery module 3, the current sensor 2, and the communication port 7, respectively.

Negative terminal 1 and positive terminal 2 are to the external connection the utility model discloses a load and charging power supply. The negative electrode terminal 1 and the positive electrode terminal 5 may be pole terminals (taper terminals) or connectors. The utility model discloses 35mm2 is used to series connection pencil and/or busbar.

The current sensor 2 is a shunt, and the battery management system 6 collects the charging and discharging current of the battery module 3 through the shunt. The current sensor 2 may also be a hall sensor.

The battery module 3 comprises a plurality of battery monomers B1-Bn connected in series and parallel, uses power type battery monomers and is mainly used for instantaneous high-power discharge when an engine is at low voltage and instantaneous high-power charging when energy is recovered, and the battery monomers are lithium batteries with soft packages, aluminum shells and cylindrical structures, have low-temperature chargeable functions and do not need to be provided with a heating system. The battery module 3 is formed by serially connecting battery cells or serially connecting battery cells after being connected in parallel, 8 lithium iron battery serial connection modes can be used for 24V systems, and 4 lithium iron battery serial connection modes can also be used for 12V systems.

The bistable switch 4 is a switching device capable of controlling external input/output of the low-voltage battery system, does not need power consumption in a steady state, and does not need power consumption when the steady state is changed to another steady state. When the bistable switch 4 is in a closed state, the low-voltage battery system can be normally charged and discharged, and when the bistable switch 4 is in an open state, the low-voltage battery system cannot be charged and discharged, namely, the low-voltage battery system is in a protection state, the bistable switch 4 can be controlled to be closed and opened through the battery management system 6 so as to realize a protection function on the low-voltage battery system. The bistable switch 4 is a magnetic latching relay, and has bistable functions (opening and closing), and power consumption of the battery module is required to be used during state switching, and power consumption of the battery module is not used during stable state, so that power consumption is reduced. If monostable devices such as an MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) and a common relay are used, the power consumption of the low-voltage battery system is not consumed in 1 of the monostable devices, and the power consumption of the low-voltage battery system is consumed in the other steady state device. The battery management system 6 can control the state of the magnetic latching relay from one stable state to another, and the battery management system 6 can monitor the relay state through the voltage collection points outside the contacts of the magnetic latching relay or the voltage collection points at the two ends of the contacts of the magnetic latching relay.

The communication mode of the communication port 7 CAN be CAN, RS485 and the like, and the hardware of the communication port 7 is a connector. The communication port 7 has a CAN communication function and is connected with an external switch function, and the low-voltage battery system transmits battery information to cab display equipment through CAN communication; the external switch function: the working state of the lithium battery can be conveniently controlled by a driver in a cab, when a low-voltage battery system is not used, the magnetic latching relay can be controlled to be in a disconnected state through the remote switch, and at the moment, the low-voltage battery system enters a dormant state and cannot discharge outwards or charge the low-voltage battery system from the outside, so that the power consumption of the low-voltage battery system is reduced, the low-voltage battery system can have longer standby time or working time, and the service life of the battery is prolonged; when the low-voltage battery system is used, the magnetic latching relay can be controlled to be in a closed state through the remote switch, at the moment, the low-voltage battery system can be discharged outwards, and the low-voltage battery system can be charged from the outside.

The capacitor 8 is a capacitor with a capacity larger than 1uF, for example, a 1100uF capacitor, and a multiple-capacitor parallel scheme can be adopted. In the case of sufficient capacity, the capacitor may also be unipolar, such as an electrolytic capacitor or the like.

The battery management system 6 comprises a current monitoring module, a temperature monitoring module, a voltage detection module and a data processing module, and is a conventional battery management system. The current monitoring module detects the current signal of first return circuit, and the temperature monitoring module detects the temperature signal that sets up the temperature sensor transmission in battery module 3, and voltage detection module detects battery module 3's voltage signal, and data processing module is used for carrying out analysis processes to the data that obtain and obtains battery module 3's current electric quantity Q.

The whole vehicle has two states, namely a working state and a stopping state of a vehicle engine. When the engine of the vehicle is in a stop state, the current electric quantity Q is compared with a first set value, and when the current electric quantity Q is smaller than the first set value, the bistable switch 4 is controlled to be switched off, so that the low-voltage battery system stops supplying power to a parking air conditioner or other low-voltage loads, and enters a dormant state to ensure that the low-voltage battery system can normally start the vehicle. When the vehicle engine is in a working state and the current electric quantity Q is larger than a second set value, the bistable switch 4 is controlled to be switched off, so that the voltage battery system is not charged any more, only the loop of the capacitor 8 is in a charge-discharge loop at the moment, and the capacitor 8 is dynamically charged and discharged to supplement the occasional electric quantity shortage or voltage fluctuation of the generator of the whole vehicle, so that the low-voltage power supply voltage of the whole vehicle is stable. When the battery management system detects that the voltage between the negative terminal 1 and the positive terminal 5 is lower than a voltage set value and lasts for a set time, the bistable switch 4 is immediately kept in a closed state, so that the load loop can be charged and discharged. The first set value is the electric quantity which can enable the vehicle to start and is 20% -30% of the total electric quantity of the battery module, and the first set value is generally 20% of the normal temperature and 30% of the low temperature according to different temperature reservation values. The second set value is the optimal charging upper limit electric quantity of the battery pack and is 90 to 98 percent of the total electric quantity of the battery module. The voltage set value is a static voltage corresponding to 90% or 95% of the total voltage SOC outside the battery pack. Battery management system 6 is communicatively connected to a display device in the cab via communication port 7 to transmit current power amount Q to the display device in the cab. The communication port 7 is communicatively connected to a remote switch in the cab for controlling the state of the bi-stable switch 4 to communicate a remote switch state signal to the battery management system 6. The battery management system 6 controls the bistable switch 4 to be turned on/off according to the remote switch state signal, so that the battery module 3 can be used for low voltage of the vehicle.

The battery management system 6 is a management system of the low-voltage battery system, can monitor various working states of the low-voltage battery system, such as charging/discharging, can monitor information of the low-voltage battery system, such as temperature, current, single-cell voltage, total voltage, the state of the bistable switch 4, the state of the switch 8, the switching state of the communication port 7, abnormal protection, alarm and the like, and meanwhile uploads the information to a display screen in a cab through the communication port 7 to keep safe operation of the lithium battery. Meanwhile, the state of the remote switch can be monitored to control the working state of the bistable switch 4 in an artificial or forced mode, so that the bistable switch 4 works in one of bistable states. The vehicle generator is in a working state, if the electric quantity of the low-voltage battery system is too high, the battery management system 6 controls the bistable switch 4 to be in a disconnected state, at the moment, the loop 1 of the low-voltage battery system cannot be discharged outwards, the vehicle generator cannot charge the first loop of the low-voltage battery system, the second loop of the battery system can be discharged outwards, the vehicle generator can charge the second loop, and meanwhile, the BMS can detect the state of the bistable switch 4. When the electric quantity of the battery is lower than a set value in the process of using low-voltage loads such as a parking air conditioner and the like, the battery management system 6 controls the bistable switch 4 to be in an off state, at the moment, the first loop of the low-voltage battery system cannot be discharged outwards, and the first loop of the low-voltage battery system cannot be charged outside, so that the low-voltage vehicle with the low-voltage battery system can be normal. When the vehicle needs low voltage, the battery management system 6 can control the state of the bistable switch 4 by connecting the communication port 7 with the remote switch to enable the bistable switch to be in a closed state, so that the low-voltage battery system can be normally charged and discharged for low voltage of the vehicle, after the vehicle is in low voltage, the generator of the whole vehicle continuously charges the low-voltage battery system to reach certain electric quantity, and the low-voltage battery system can be normally used.

To sum up, the utility model relates to a low voltage battery system is integrated battery module, current acquisition unit, positive terminal, negative terminal, electric capacity, battery management system, communication circuit in low voltage battery system of an organic whole.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a low voltage battery system for supply power for automobile starter and parking air conditioner's low pressure, its characterized in that: the low-voltage battery system comprises a battery module (3), a battery management system (6), a current sensor (2), a bistable switch (4), a capacitor (8), a positive terminal (5) and a negative terminal (1); the battery module comprises a positive terminal (5), a bistable switch (4), a battery module (3), a current sensor (2) and a negative terminal (1) which are sequentially connected in series; the capacitor (8) is connected with the bistable switch (4), the battery module (3) and the current sensor (2) in parallel; and the battery management system (6) is respectively connected with the bistable switch (4), the battery module (3) and the current sensor (2).

2. A low-voltage battery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: further comprising a communication port (7); the communication port (7) is connected with a battery management system (6).

3. A low-voltage battery system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the battery module (3) comprises a plurality of battery monomers connected in series and parallel.

4. A low-voltage battery system according to claim 3, characterized in that: the battery module (3) is 8 strings of lithium iron batteries or 4 strings of lithium iron batteries, and the battery module is 24V or 12V.

5. A low voltage battery system as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 4, wherein: the battery management system (6) comprises a current monitoring module, a temperature monitoring module, a voltage detection module and a data processing module.

6. A low-voltage battery system according to claim 2, characterized in that: the battery management system (6) is in communication connection with a display device and a remote control switch in the cab through a communication port (7).

7. A low-voltage battery system according to any one of claims 1-2, 4, 6, characterized in that: the capacitor (8) is a capacitor with the capacity larger than 1 uF.

8. A low-voltage battery system according to any one of claims 1-2, 4, 6, characterized in that: the negative terminal (1) and the positive terminal (5) are pole terminals or connectors; the current sensor (2) is a current divider or a Hall sensor; the bistable switch (4) is a magnetic latching relay.

9. A low-voltage battery system according to claim 3, characterized in that: the battery monomer is a power type battery monomer.

10. A low-voltage battery system according to claim 3, characterized in that: the battery monomer is soft package, aluminum hull, the lithium cell of cylinder structure.