CN214558032U - System for jet flow electrolytic milling - Google Patents
System for jet flow electrolytic milling Download PDFInfo
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- CN214558032U CN214558032U CN202120051211.3U CN202120051211U CN214558032U CN 214558032 U CN214558032 U CN 214558032U CN 202120051211 U CN202120051211 U CN 202120051211U CN 214558032 U CN214558032 U CN 214558032U
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- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 33
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 17
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 12
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- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007514 turning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000035772 mutation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a system for efflux electrolytic milling processing belongs to the electrolytic machining field. The system comprises an electrolyte flow monitoring unit and an electrolyte circulating and filtering unit. The electrolyte flow monitoring unit consists of an industrial personal computer, a PLC, an electromagnetic flowmeter, a pressure transmitter and a servo valve. During the processing, the PLC controls the servo valve to regulate and control the flow rate of the electrolyte and the pressure of the electrolyte, so that insoluble electrolysis products attached to the inner part of the tube electrode are fully removed, and the relative constancy of the pressure of the electrolyte is maintained. The electrolyte circulating and filtering unit realizes the supply of the electrolyte for the jet flow electrolytic milling processing and the filtration and the recycling of the electrolyte. The utility model discloses it is significant to improve the technological stability and the machining efficiency of efflux electrolytic milling course of working.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a system for efflux electrolytic milling processing belongs to the electrolytic machining field.
Background
With the development of material science and manufacturing technology, precision and miniaturization have become a mainstream development direction of metal parts. In recent years, the demands of metal microstructures and parts in the fields of aerospace, energy and chemical industry, electricians and electronics, biomedical equipment and the like are increasingly urgent. These metal micro-devices, while having sufficiently small feature sizes, are generally characterized by high surface quality, high processing precision and large aspect ratio, and these harsh conditions present significant challenges to micro-fabrication technology.
The jet flow electrolytic milling adopts a round or special-shaped hollow tube electrode as a tool cathode, electrolyte forms an electrolyte beam and is sprayed to the processing surface of a workpiece from the tube electrode at a high speed, and the required structural characteristics are processed on the workpiece based on the electrochemical anode dissolution principle in a manner similar to a numerical control milling processing mode. The jet flow electrolytic milling technology has the characteristics of high processing flexibility, good processing surface quality, no tool loss, no relation with the material performance of a workpiece and the like, thereby being very suitable for processing metal micro parts with complex shapes.
However, in the process of machining a part with a large depth-to-width ratio by jet flow electrolytic milling, the electrolyte is not easy to completely take away insoluble electrolytic products in the micro-scale machining gap, and the insoluble electrolytic products attached to the inner tube electrode in the micro-scale machining gap are gradually increased along with the continuous machining, so that the electrolyte flow value displayed on the electrolyte flowmeter is gradually reduced, the process stability is reduced, and in severe cases, a spark discharge or short circuit phenomenon occurs in a machining area, which easily causes local burning of the tube electrode and the surface of a workpiece, and even causes machining failure. In the conventional jet flow electrolytic machining, a method for increasing the electrolytic liquid pressure is generally adopted to remove insoluble electrolytic products adhered to the inner part of a tube electrode, so that the flow rate of the electrolytic liquid is maintained in a constant state, but the process stability and the service life of equipment are influenced by the overhigh electrolytic liquid pressure. The problems seriously restrict the application and popularization of the jet flow electrolytic milling processing technology in the field of metal micro part manufacturing.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model provides a system of efflux electrolytic milling processing can effectively reduce indissolvable electrolysis resultant adhesion pipe electrode and pile up blocking phenomenon in the course of working, improves efflux electrolytic milling processing's technological stability.
A system for jet flow electrolytic milling machining is characterized in that: the system comprises an electrolyte flow monitoring unit, a power supply, a machine tool spindle, a tube electrode, a workpiece, a working box and an electrolyte circulating and filtering unit; the electrolyte flow monitoring unit sequentially comprises an industrial personal computer, a PLC, an electromagnetic flowmeter, a pressure transmitter and a servo valve; the pressure transmitter, the electromagnetic flowmeter and the servo valve are arranged in the electrolyte pipeline; the signal input end of the PLC is respectively connected with the pressure transmitter, the electromagnetic flowmeter and the industrial personal computer; the signal output end of the PLC is connected with the servo valve; the pressure transmitter, the electromagnetic flowmeter and the servo valve are respectively in communication connection with an industrial personal computer through a PLC; the machine tool spindle is provided with a central through hole structure; the tube electrode is vertically arranged at the lower end of the machine tool main shaft; the workpiece is horizontally clamped in the working box; the electrolyte circulating and filtering unit comprises a centrifugal pump, an overflow valve, a filter, a three-way joint and an electrolyte pipeline connected with a central through hole of the machine tool spindle.
The jet flow electrolytic milling processing method utilizing the system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, connecting the tube electrode with the negative pole of a power supply, connecting the workpiece with the positive pole of the power supply, and driving the tube electrode to move to an initial processing position;
s2, opening the centrifugal pump, enabling the electrolyte with certain pressure to enter a central through hole of the machine tool spindle along an electrolyte pipeline, and then directly spraying the electrolyte to the processing surface of the workpiece from the interior of the pipe electrode;
s3, turning on a power supply, enabling the tube electrode to move relative to the workpiece according to a set track, and at the moment, quickly removing the metal material in the processed area under the action of electrochemical anode dissolution, and meanwhile, controlling the flow rate of electrolyte and the pressure of the electrolyte in the processing process by a PLC (programmable logic controller) control servo valve, thereby fully removing insoluble electrolysis products in the tube electrode and maintaining the stability of the pressure of the electrolyte;
and S4, cutting off the power supply, turning off the centrifugal pump, enabling the tube electrode to exit the machining area, and finishing machining.
The specific implementation method for regulating the flow of the electrolyte by the PLC comprises the following steps: and setting the minimum electrolyte flow as Q1, when the electrolyte flow is gradually reduced from Q0 to Q1, judging that insoluble electrolysis products are adhered to the interior of the tube electrode by the PLC, and immediately regulating and controlling the servo valve to increase the electrolyte flow so as to restore the electrolyte flow to Q0, wherein the Q0 is the electrolyte flow in the initial processing state.
The specific implementation method for regulating the electrolyte pressure by the PLC comprises the following steps: setting a maximum electrolyte pressure to be F1, when the electrolyte pressure is gradually increased from F0 to F1, the PLC judges that no electrolyte product is adhered in the tube electrode, and then adjusts and controls the servo valve to reduce the electrolyte pressure, so that the electrolyte pressure is restored to F0, and F0 is the electrolyte pressure in the initial processing state.
The utility model has the advantages of it is following:
1. the process can be made more stable. In the conventional jet flow electrolytic milling process, along with the adhesion and accumulation of insoluble electrolytic products inside a tube electrode, the flow of electrolyte in a pipeline is reduced, and continuous mutation of current occurs. Although the electrolyte pressure can be increased to maintain the electrolyte flow relatively constant, and further remove the electrolysis products, the phenomenon of spark discharge can be unavoidable in the continuous sudden change process of the current, and even short circuit can be caused in serious cases, so that the burning loss of the anode workpiece and the cathode tube electrode can be caused. Compare conventional efflux electrolytic milling processing, in the electrolyte flow monitor unit of this system, through electromagnetic flowmeter real-time supervision electrolyte flow, through PLC regulation and control servo valve in order to change the electrolyte flow. When the electrolyte flow is gradually reduced to the minimum flow threshold (the value can be obtained according to the processing experience, the current cannot continuously change suddenly above the flow, and the processing process is always in a stable state), the electromagnetic flowmeter converts the real-time change value of the electrolyte flow into an electric signal to be transmitted to the PLC control module, the PLC regulates and controls the servo valve to increase the electrolyte flow, further insoluble electrolytic products in a pipe electrode are fully eliminated, and spark discharge or even cathode and anode short circuit is avoided in the processing process. Therefore, the utility model discloses can effectively reduce indissolvable electrolysis resultant adhesion pipe electrode and pile up blocking phenomenon to show the technological stability who improves the small part of efflux electrolytic milling processing metal.
2. The safety is higher. In the conventional jet electrolytic milling process, a method of continuously increasing the electrolytic hydraulic pressure in a pipeline is usually adopted to remove insoluble electrolytic products adhered and accumulated inside a pipe electrode, so as to maintain the relative constant of the electrolyte flow in the pipeline, but the pipeline is easily broken due to the overhigh electrolyte pressure, thereby causing unnecessary equipment damage and personnel injury. Compare in conventional efflux electrolytic milling processing, in the electrolyte flow monitor unit of this system, through pressure transmitter real-time supervision electrolyte pressure, adjust and control the servo valve through PLC in order to change electrolyte pressure. Along with the increase of the flow of the electrolyte and the sufficient elimination of insoluble electrolysis products, when the pressure of the electrolyte gradually rises to a maximum pressure threshold (the value can be obtained according to the processing experience, the processing process is always in a stable state below the pressure, and simultaneously the maximum pressure threshold is far smaller than the pressure of the electrolyte which can be borne by a pipeline), the pressure transmitter converts corresponding signals into electric signals and transmits the electric signals to the PLC control module, and the PLC regulates and controls the servo valve to reduce the pressure of the electrolyte, so that the pressure of the electrolyte is recovered to an initial processing state, and the pipeline breakage accident caused by overhigh pressure in the processing process is avoided. Therefore, the utility model discloses can effectively improve the security of equipment among the efflux electrolytic milling system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 schematic view of a system for jet electrolytic milling
Wherein the designation of the reference numbers: 1. bending the joint; 2. a machine tool spindle; 3. a power source; 4. a tube electrode; 5. a workpiece; 6. a work box; 7. a servo valve; 8. an electromagnetic flow meter; 9. a PLC; 10. an industrial personal computer; 11. a pressure transmitter; 12. a three-way joint; 13. an overflow valve; 14. a centrifugal pump; 15. an electrolyte tank; 16. an electrolyte; 17. and (3) a filter.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following specific drawings:
the system is used for carrying out jet flow electrolytic milling machining and comprises an electrolyte flow monitoring unit, a bent connector 1, a machine tool spindle 2, a power supply 3, a tube electrode 4, a workpiece 5, a working box 6 and an electrolyte circulating and filtering unit. The electrolyte flow monitoring unit sequentially comprises a servo valve 7, an electromagnetic flowmeter 8, a PLC9, an industrial personal computer 10 and a pressure transmitter 11; the signal input end of the PLC9 is respectively connected with the electromagnetic flowmeter 8, the pressure transmitter 11 and the industrial personal computer 10; the signal output end of the PLC9 is connected with the servo valve 7; the servo valve 7, the electromagnetic flowmeter 8 and the pressure transmitter 11 are respectively in communication connection with the industrial personal computer 10 through a PLC 9; the machine tool spindle 2 is provided with a central through hole structure; the tube electrode 4 is vertically arranged at the lower end of the machine tool spindle 2 and is connected with the negative pole of the power supply 3; a workpiece 5 to be processed is horizontally clamped in the working box 6 and is connected with the positive pole of the power supply 3; the electrolyte circulating and filtering unit comprises a three-way joint 12, an overflow valve 13, a centrifugal pump 14, a filter 17 and an electrolyte pipeline connected with a central through hole of the machine tool spindle 2.
The system shown in FIG. 1 is adopted to carry out jet flow electrolytic milling, and the method mainly comprises the following steps:
step 1: vertically installing a tube electrode 4 at the lower end of a main shaft of a machine tool, connecting the tube electrode with the negative electrode of a power supply 3, horizontally clamping a workpiece 5 in a working box 6, connecting the workpiece with the positive electrode of the power supply 3, and simultaneously driving the tube electrode 4 to move to an initial machining position;
step 2: setting the initial pressure of the electrolyte 16, opening the centrifugal pump 14 to enable a part of the electrolyte 16 to directly return to the electrolyte tank 15 through the overflow valve 13, enabling the other part of the electrolyte 16 to pass through the servo valve 7, the bent connector 1 and the machine tool spindle 2, spraying out from the pipe electrode 4, flushing towards the processing surface of the workpiece 5, filtering the electrolyte 16 injected into the working box 6 through the filter 17, and then entering the electrolyte tank 15 again, so that the circulation of the electrolyte is realized and an electrolyte loop is formed;
and step 3: during processing, the power supply 3 is turned on, the tube electrode 4 moves relative to the workpiece 5 according to a set track, at the moment, the metal material in the processed area is rapidly removed under the action of electrochemical anode dissolution, meanwhile, the electromagnetic flowmeter 8 and the pressure transmitter 11 perform data processing and signal conversion on the acquired data, and the converted signals are transmitted to the PLC9 for real-time monitoring; the PLC9 collects real-time information, processes and transmits data, and controls the servo valve 7 to regulate and control the electrolyte flow and the electrolyte pressure in the processing process, thereby fully removing insoluble electrolysis products in the tube electrode 4 and maintaining the stability of the electrolyte pressure;
and 4, step 4: the power supply 3 is turned off, the centrifugal pump 14 is disconnected, and the tube electrode 4 is withdrawn from the machining zone, ending the machining.
The utility model discloses can effectively improve the machining efficiency and the technological stability of the small part of efflux electrolytic milling processing metal, but the above description can not be understood as right the utility model discloses a restriction. It should be noted that a number of improvements can be made without departing from the inventive concept, and these are intended to fall within the protection of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A system for jet flow electrolytic milling machining is characterized in that: the system comprises an electrolyte flow monitoring unit, a machine tool spindle (2), a power supply (3), a tube electrode (4), a workpiece (5), a working box (6) and an electrolyte circulating and filtering unit; the electrolyte flow monitoring unit sequentially comprises a servo valve (7), an electromagnetic flowmeter (8), a PLC (programmable logic controller) (9), an industrial personal computer (10) and a pressure transmitter (11); the servo valve (7), the electromagnetic flowmeter (8) and the pressure transmitter (11) are arranged in an electrolyte pipeline; the signal input end of the PLC (9) is respectively connected with the electromagnetic flowmeter (8), the pressure transmitter (11) and the industrial personal computer (10); the signal output end of the PLC (9) is connected with the servo valve (7); the servo valve (7), the electromagnetic flowmeter (8) and the pressure transmitter (11) are respectively in communication connection with an industrial personal computer (10) through a PLC (9); the machine tool spindle (2) is provided with a central through hole structure; the tube electrode (4) is vertically arranged at the lower end of the machine tool spindle (2); the workpiece (5) is horizontally clamped in the working box (6); the electrolyte circulating and filtering unit comprises a three-way joint (12), an overflow valve (13), a centrifugal pump (14), a filter (17) and an electrolyte pipeline connected with a central through hole of the machine tool spindle (2).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120051211.3U CN214558032U (en) | 2021-01-11 | 2021-01-11 | System for jet flow electrolytic milling |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120051211.3U CN214558032U (en) | 2021-01-11 | 2021-01-11 | System for jet flow electrolytic milling |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN214558032U true CN214558032U (en) | 2021-11-02 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120051211.3U Expired - Fee Related CN214558032U (en) | 2021-01-11 | 2021-01-11 | System for jet flow electrolytic milling |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN214558032U (en) |
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2021
- 2021-01-11 CN CN202120051211.3U patent/CN214558032U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Granted publication date: 20211102 |