CN214468612U

CN214468612U - Automatic tracking air distribution subsystem for burner of converter waste heat recovery boiler

Info

Publication number: CN214468612U
Application number: CN202023137153.0U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 丁旭; 刘相田; 曹轮; 王春生; 邢军格
Original assignee: Hebei Jiaxinyuan Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Hebei Jiaxinyuan Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-12-24
Filing date: 2020-12-24
Publication date: 2021-10-22
Anticipated expiration: 2030-12-24

Abstract

The utility model discloses an automatic tracking air distribution subsystem of a converter waste heat recovery boiler burner, which comprises an air preheater connected with a variable-frequency combustion fan through an air inlet pipeline and a PLC controller for controlling the system on line; the smoke inlet of the air preheater is connected with the boiler through a smoke inlet pipeline, and the smoke outlet of the air preheater is connected with a variable-frequency induced draft fan through a smoke outlet pipeline; the hot air outlet of the air preheater is connected with the three burners through hot air pipelines; and a hot air outlet of the air preheater is connected with the hearth through a cold air pipeline communicated with the hot air pipeline. The utility model can reasonably distribute air for the boiler and the burner, effectively control the temperature and the pressure in the boiler, effectively control the reasonable air distribution point to fully burn the fuel, and save the fuel resource; through setting up the PLC controller, degree of automation is high, the security is high.

Description

Automatic tracking air distribution subsystem for burner of converter waste heat recovery boiler

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a boiler nozzle air distribution technical field, concretely relates to converter waste heat recovery boiler nozzle automatic tracking air distribution subsystem.

Background

The burner is a general term for a device which injects fuel and air in a certain way to mix gas, and the burner has a wide application in boilers. The burner on the burner is an important passage for fuel to enter the boiler hearth, and after the burner is ignited, the burner is like a flame ejector and sprays flame into the boiler hearth, so that complete combustion is realized in the boiler hearth and heat is output.

The air distribution process is also involved when the burner jets the fuel, and the main function of the air distribution is to provide the air required by combustion for the fuel device and form a favorable power field, so that the fuel and the air are reasonably matched, and reliable ignition and stable and sufficient combustion are ensured.

However, due to unstable pressure of the burner fuel source, the fuel cannot be sufficiently combusted due to unreasonable air distribution. Therefore, the problem that the technical staff urgently need to solve at the present stage is to reasonably distribute air to the burner so as to fully burn the fuel.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to solve the technical problem that a converter waste heat recovery boiler nozzle automatic tracking air distribution subsystem is provided, can rationally to the nozzle air distribution, make the abundant burning of fuel.

In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model adopts the following technical proposal.

The converter waste heat recovery boiler burner automatic tracking air distribution subsystem comprises an air preheater and a PLC (programmable logic controller), wherein the air preheater is connected with a variable-frequency combustion fan through an air inlet pipeline and is used for preheating air, and the PLC is used for controlling the system on line; the variable-frequency combustion-supporting fan is interlocked with the flue gas pressure at the flue gas outlet of the air preheater, and the controlled end of the variable-frequency combustion-supporting fan is connected with the output end of the PLC; the smoke inlet of the air preheater is connected with the boiler through a smoke inlet pipeline, the smoke outlet of the air preheater is connected with a variable frequency induced draft fan for extracting smoke in a boiler hearth through a smoke outlet pipeline, the variable frequency induced draft fan is interlocked with the pressure in the hearth, and the controlled end of the variable frequency induced draft fan is connected with the output end of the PLC; the hot air outlet of the air preheater is respectively connected with the three burners through a hot air pipeline, three hot air branch pipelines, three primary air pipelines and three secondary air pipelines which are sequentially communicated; the primary air pipeline is provided with a primary air electric regulating valve for regulating the primary air quantity of the burner nozzle of the coal burner, the primary air electric regulating valve is interlocked with the front gas flow, the air flow and the air pressure of the burner nozzle of the corresponding burner, and the controlled end of the primary air electric regulating valve is connected with the output end of the PLC; a secondary air manual regulating valve for regulating the secondary air quantity in front of a burner nozzle of the coal burner is arranged on the secondary air pipeline; the hot air outlet of the air preheater is connected with the hearth through a cold air pipeline communicated with the hot air pipeline, a cold air mixing electric regulating valve used for controlling the amount of cold air entering the hearth is arranged on the cold air pipeline, the cold air mixing electric regulating valve is linked with the temperature in the hearth, and the controlled end of the cold air mixing electric regulating valve is connected with the output end of the PLC.

Preferably, a flue gas pressure gauge for measuring the flue gas pressure at the flue gas outlet of the air preheater is arranged on the flue gas outlet pipeline, and the output end of the flue gas pressure gauge is connected with the input end of the PLC.

Preferably, the inside symmetry of the below of furnace is provided with two furnace pressure gauges that are used for measuring the furnace internal pressure and two furnace thermometers that are used for measuring the temperature in the furnace, and the input of PLC controller is connected to the output of furnace pressure gauge, and the input of PLC controller is connected to the output of furnace thermometer.

Preferably, the three burners are connected with gas and natural gas through pipelines, three branch pipelines connected with the gas are respectively provided with a nozzle front branch gas pipeline electric regulating valve used for controlling the flow of the nozzle front gas, and the controlled end of the nozzle front branch gas pipeline electric regulating valve is connected with the output end of the PLC.

Preferably, a burner front air flow meter for measuring the flow of air in front of the burner is arranged on the hot air branch pipeline, and the output end of the burner front air flow meter is connected with the input end of the PLC.

Preferably, a primary air remote transmission pressure gauge for measuring the air pressure in front of the burner is arranged on the primary air pipeline, and the output end of the primary air remote transmission pressure gauge is connected with the input end of the PLC.

Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the utility model has the following technical progress.

The utility model discloses a connect frequency conversion combustion fan and frequency conversion draught fan and set up the valve and interlock the valve with the measuring value of measurement meter through the air preheater, can rationally distribute the wind for boiler and nozzle, effective control boiler internal temperature and pressure, the reasonable air distribution point of effective control makes the fuel fully burn, and saves fuel resource; through setting up the PLC controller, degree of automation is high, the security is high.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a position a of the present invention.

Wherein: 5. the system comprises an economizer, a superheater, a boiler, a 111 furnace chamber, a 12 variable-frequency combustion-supporting fan, a 13 air preheater, a 131 air inlet pipeline, a 132 flue gas inlet pipeline, a 133 flue gas outlet pipeline, a 134 cold air pipeline, a 135 hot air pipeline, a 136 hot air branch pipeline, a 137 primary air pipeline, a 138 secondary air pipeline, a 14 variable-frequency induced draft fan, a 15 variable-frequency induced draft fan, a 16 combustor I, a 16 combustor II, a 17 combustor III, a 18 variable-frequency wind power regulating valve, a 19 variable-frequency secondary air manual regulating valve, a 20 variable-frequency gas pipeline electric regulating valve in front of a burner, a 21 variable-frequency cold air electric regulating valve, and a 22 variable-frequency air flow meter in front of the burner.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

An automatic tracking air distribution subsystem of a converter waste heat recovery boiler burner is shown in a combined manner in fig. 1-2 and comprises an air preheater 13, a variable-frequency combustion fan 12, a variable-frequency induced draft fan 14, a boiler 11, three combustors and a PLC (programmable logic controller) for controlling the system on line. The air inlet of the air preheater 13 is connected with the variable-frequency combustion fan 12 through an air inlet pipeline 131; the flue gas inlet of the air preheater 13 is connected with a flue gas exhaust port arranged on the boiler 11 through a flue gas inlet pipeline 132; the flue gas outlet of the air preheater 13 is connected with a variable-frequency induced draft fan 14 through a flue gas outlet pipeline 133; the hot air outlet of the air preheater 13 is connected with the three burners through a hot air pipeline 135; the hot air outlet of the air preheater 13 is connected to the furnace 111 provided in the boiler 11 through a cold air duct 134 connected to a hot air duct 135.

The boiler 11 is connected with three burners for uniformly heating the boiler 11. The boiler 11 is provided with a first economizer 5, a second economizer 5, a third economizer 5 and a superheater 10 between the first economizer 5 and the second economizer 5 in sequence according to the traveling direction of flue gas generated by combustion of the burners. The three coal economizers 5 are connected in sequence through pipelines and are connected with circulating water for recovering the waste heat of the converter through pipelines. The superheater 10 serves to heat the saturated steam into superheated steam. Thermometers are arranged between the three economizers 5 and the superheater 10 and between the third economizer 5 and the furnace 111, the thermometers are used for measuring the smoke temperature in the furnace between every two economizers, the output end of each thermometer is connected with the input end of the control device, the thermometers between the third economizer 5 and the furnace 111 alarm in a linkage mode, and when the smoke temperature is lowered to a certain value, the system alarms. Two hearth pressure meters and two hearth temperature meters are symmetrically arranged between the first economizer 5 and the hearth 111. The furnace manometer is used for measuring the pressure in furnace 111, and the furnace thermometer is used for measuring the temperature in furnace 111, and the input of PLC controller is connected to the output of furnace manometer, and the input of PLC controller is connected to the output of furnace thermometer. The side wall of the hearth 111 is provided with a fire observation hole, and the combustion state of the burner can be observed through the fire observation hole. The boiler 11 is heated by three burners, circulating water absorbs heat energy to generate saturated steam, and the saturated steam is superheated by the heat exchanger 10 to become superheated steam used by the steam turbine.

The flue gas inlet of the air preheater 13 is connected with the flue gas outlet of the boiler 11 through a flue gas inlet pipeline 132, the flue gas outlet of the air preheater 13 is connected with a variable frequency induced draft fan 14 through a flue gas outlet pipeline 133, and the variable frequency induced draft fan 14 is connected with a chimney through a pipeline. The smoke outlet pipeline 133 is provided with a smoke pressure gauge for measuring the smoke pressure at the smoke outlet of the air preheater 13 and a smoke temperature gauge for measuring the smoke temperature at the smoke outlet. The output end of the flue gas pressure gauge is connected with the input end of the PLC; the output end of the flue gas thermometer is connected with the input end of the PLC controller. The frequency conversion draught fan 14 is used for extracting high-temperature flue gas generated by heating of the burner in the hearth 111, and the high-temperature flue gas is subjected to heat exchange through the air preheater 13 and then is pumped into a chimney by the frequency conversion draught fan 14 to be exhausted to the atmosphere. The variable frequency induced draft fan 14 is interlocked with the pressure in the hearth 111, the negative pressure of the hearth 111 is controlled by adjusting the frequency of the induced draft fan, and the controlled end of the variable frequency induced draft fan 14 is connected with the output end of the PLC.

The air inlet of the air preheater 13 is connected with a variable-frequency combustion-supporting fan 12 through an air inlet pipeline 131, the variable-frequency combustion-supporting fan 12 is used for blowing air to the air preheater 13, the variable-frequency combustion-supporting fan 12 is interlocked with the smoke pressure of the smoke outlet of the air preheater 13, the frequency of a variable-frequency blower is controlled through the smoke pressure of the smoke outlet, so that the smoke pressure of the smoke outlet of the air preheater 13 is adjusted, and the controlled end of the variable-frequency combustion-supporting fan 12 is connected with the output end of a PLC (programmable logic controller). And a combustion fan outlet air pressure gauge is arranged on the air inlet pipeline 131, the combustion fan outlet air pressure is used for monitoring the combustion fan outlet air pressure, and the output end of the combustion fan outlet air pressure gauge is connected with the input end of the PLC.

The cold air pipe 134, which is connected with the furnace 111 through the hot air outlet of the air preheater 13, is sequentially provided with a cold air doping manual butterfly valve, a cold air doping electric regulating valve 21, a cold air pressure gauge and a cold air temperature gauge, when the temperature in the furnace 111 is too high, the air preheater 13 dopes cold air to the furnace 111 (the cold air is the hot air preheated by the air preheater 13, and the temperature of the hot air is much lower than that in the furnace 111, so the air is called as cold air), and therefore the temperature in the furnace 111 is reduced. The cold air mixing manual butterfly valve is used for switching on and off cold air and is in a normally open state. The cold air mixing electric regulating valve 21 is used for regulating the opening of the valve and controlling the inflow amount of cold air so as to control the temperature in the hearth 111, the cold air mixing electric regulating valve 21 is linked with the temperature in the hearth 111, and the controlled end of the cold air mixing electric regulating valve 21 is connected with the output end of the PLC.

The hot air duct 135 connecting the hot air outlet of the air preheater 13 and the burner is connected with three hot air branch ducts 136, and each hot air branch duct 136 is connected with each burner through a primary air duct 137 and a secondary air duct 138 which are connected. Each hot air branch pipeline 136 is sequentially provided with a burner air manual butterfly valve and a burner front air flow meter 22. The manual butterfly valve of nozzle air is used for the hot-blast of each hot-blast branch pipeline 136 of break-make, and is the normally open state. The burner front air flow meter 22 is used for measuring the air flow in each hot air branch pipeline 136, and the output end of the burner front air flow meter 22 is connected with the input end of the PLC controller.

Each primary air pipeline 137 is sequentially provided with a primary air electric regulating valve 18, a primary air local pressure gauge and a primary air remote transmission pressure gauge. The primary wind electric control valves 18 are used for adjusting primary wind amount in front of the burner of the coal burner so as to control air flow and pressure in front of the burner of the coal burner, each primary wind electric control valve 18 is interlocked with the gas flow, the air flow and the air pressure in front of the burner of the corresponding burner, and the controlled end of each primary wind electric control valve 18 is connected with the output end of the PLC. The primary air local pressure gauge is used for monitoring the primary air pressure value on site. The primary air remote transmission pressure gauge is used for transmitting a primary air pressure value to the PLC so as to monitor the pressure value on line, and the output end of the primary air remote transmission pressure is connected with the input end of the PLC. The signal transmission deviation problem of electronic measurement original paper can not appear in the wind manometer on the spot, and the deviation appears when two blocks of manometer numerical values, can remind operating personnel that pressure has the problem to help maintaining the system.

Each secondary air pipeline 138 is sequentially provided with a secondary air manual regulating valve 19 and a secondary air local pressure gauge. The secondary air manual regulating valve 19 is used for regulating the secondary air quantity in front of the burner of the coal burner. The secondary air on-site pressure gauge is used for monitoring the pressure value of the secondary air on site.

The three burners are connected with coal gas and natural gas through pipelines, three branch pipelines connected with the coal gas are respectively provided with a nozzle front branch coal gas pipeline electric adjusting valve 20, the nozzle front branch coal gas pipeline electric adjusting valves 20 are used for controlling the flow of the nozzle front coal gas, and the controlled end of each nozzle front branch coal gas pipeline electric adjusting valve 20 is connected with the output end of the PLC.

The pipeline for connecting the coal gas is connected with a nitrogen pipeline, a sampling pipeline and a diffusing pipeline. The nitrogen pipeline is used for introducing nitrogen into the gas pipeline for purging; the sampling pipeline is used for sampling to perform an explosion experiment or an assay; the bleeding line is used for discharging gas in the line during purging or discharging nitrogen during gas replacement.

The PLC is used for controlling the system on line, monitoring and recording data of each meter, and giving an alarm when the data transmitted from the meters exceeds the limit in time, so as to prompt related personnel and contribute to the automation and the safety of the system.

When the novel ignition device is used, before the ignition of a combustor is started, fuel replacement work of a fuel pipeline is strictly carried out according to regulations, an explosion test is carried out, and ignition operation can be carried out after the fuel pipeline is qualified; starting the variable-frequency combustion-supporting fan 12, setting the air supply pressure of the variable-frequency combustion-supporting fan, and automatically operating the air supply machine by throwing constant air pressure to blow air into the air preheater 13; starting the variable-frequency draught fan 14, setting the negative pressure of a hearth of the variable-frequency draught fan 14, and automatically operating the variable-frequency draught fan 14 at a constant negative pressure; in order to prevent the boiler 11 pipes from being burned dry after ignition, a circulating water pump needs to be started to ensure the flow of circulating water; confirming the opening degree and the position of the manual valve on site, carrying out 300-second furnace chamber purging work, and finishing the ignition preparation stage after purging. The ignition sequence is sequentially a second burner 16, a first burner 15 and a third burner 17.

After ignition is successful, the boiler 11 is heated by the burner, hot air output by the air preheater 13 is conveyed to a burner of the burner through a hot air pipeline 135, a hot air branch pipeline 136, a primary air pipeline 137 and a secondary air pipeline 138, the opening degree of the gas flow in front of the burner is controlled by the arranged air flow in front of the burner, which is displayed by an air flow meter 22 in front of the burner, the air pressure in front of the burner, which is displayed by a primary air remote transmission pressure meter, and a gas pipeline electric regulating valve 20 in front of the burner, the opening degree of a primary air electric regulating valve 18 is gradually regulated, and the air is reasonably distributed to the burner, so that the gas and the air are fully combusted; with the increase of the temperature of the furnace 111 due to sufficient combustion, when the temperature in the furnace 111 is too high, the hot air output by the air preheater 13 is conveyed to the furnace 111 through the cold air pipe 134 to cool the furnace 111; the flue gas generated in the combustion process is extracted by a variable frequency induced draft fan 14, and is discharged into a chimney after heat exchange by an air preheater 13.

Claims

1. Converter waste heat recovery boiler nozzle autotracking air distribution subsystem, its characterized in that: the system comprises an air preheater (13) which is connected with a variable-frequency combustion fan (12) through an air inlet pipeline (131) and is used for preheating air, and a PLC (programmable logic controller) which is used for controlling the system on line; the variable-frequency combustion-supporting fan (12) is interlocked with the flue gas pressure at the flue gas outlet of the air preheater (13), and the controlled end of the variable-frequency combustion-supporting fan (12) is connected with the output end of the PLC; a smoke inlet of the air preheater (13) is connected with the boiler (11) through a smoke inlet pipeline (132), a smoke outlet of the air preheater (13) is connected with a variable frequency induced draft fan (14) used for extracting smoke in a hearth (111) of the boiler (11) through a smoke outlet pipeline (133), the variable frequency induced draft fan (14) is interlocked with the pressure in the hearth (111), and a controlled end of the variable frequency induced draft fan (14) is connected with an output end of the PLC; the hot air outlet of the air preheater (13) is respectively connected with the three burners through a hot air pipeline (135), three hot air branch pipelines (136), three primary air pipelines (137) and three secondary air pipelines (138) which are sequentially communicated; a primary air electric regulating valve (18) for regulating the primary air quantity of the burner of the coal burner is arranged on the primary air pipeline (137), the primary air electric regulating valve (18) is interlocked with the burner front gas flow, the air flow and the air pressure of a corresponding burner, and the controlled end of the primary air electric regulating valve (18) is connected with the output end of the PLC controller; a secondary air manual regulating valve (19) for regulating the secondary air quantity in front of a burner of the coal burner is arranged on the secondary air pipeline (138); the hot air outlet of the air preheater (13) is connected with the hearth (111) through a cold air pipeline (134) communicated with a hot air pipeline (135), a cold air mixing electric regulating valve (21) used for controlling the amount of cold air entering the hearth (111) is arranged on the cold air pipeline (134), the cold air mixing electric regulating valve (21) is linked with the temperature in the hearth (111), and the controlled end of the cold air mixing electric regulating valve (21) is connected with the output end of the PLC.

2. The automatic tracking air distribution subsystem of the converter waste heat recovery boiler burner as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: and a flue gas pressure gauge for measuring the flue gas pressure at the flue gas outlet of the air preheater (13) is arranged on the flue gas outlet pipeline (133), and the output end of the flue gas pressure gauge is connected with the input end of the PLC.

3. The automatic tracking air distribution subsystem of the converter waste heat recovery boiler burner as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the furnace temperature measuring device is characterized in that two furnace pressure meters used for measuring the pressure in the furnace (111) and two furnace temperature meters used for measuring the temperature in the furnace (111) are symmetrically arranged in the lower portion of the furnace (111), the output end of each furnace pressure meter is connected with the input end of the PLC, and the output end of each furnace temperature meter is connected with the input end of the PLC.

4. The automatic tracking air distribution subsystem of the converter waste heat recovery boiler burner as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the three burners are connected with coal gas and natural gas through pipelines, three branch pipelines connected with the coal gas are respectively provided with a nozzle front branch coal gas pipeline electric regulating valve (20) used for controlling the flow of the nozzle front coal gas, and the controlled end of the nozzle front branch coal gas pipeline electric regulating valve (20) is connected with the output end of the PLC.

5. The automatic tracking air distribution subsystem of the converter waste heat recovery boiler burner as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the hot air branch pipeline (136) is provided with a burner front air flow meter (22) used for measuring the flow of air in front of the burner, and the output end of the burner front air flow meter (22) is connected with the input end of the PLC.

6. The automatic tracking air distribution subsystem of the converter waste heat recovery boiler burner as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: and a primary air remote transmission pressure gauge for measuring the air pressure in front of the burner is arranged on the primary air pipeline (137), and the output end of the primary air remote transmission pressure gauge is connected with the input end of the PLC.