CN214400316U - Mixed hydrolysis unit of waste plastic - Google Patents
Mixed hydrolysis unit of waste plastic Download PDFInfo
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- CN214400316U CN214400316U CN201821475472.2U CN201821475472U CN214400316U CN 214400316 U CN214400316 U CN 214400316U CN 201821475472 U CN201821475472 U CN 201821475472U CN 214400316 U CN214400316 U CN 214400316U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a mixed hydrolysis unit of abandonment plastics, include: a high pressure hydrolysis system configured to hydrolyze the waste plastic; a waste plastic pulverizing system configured to pulverize and convey waste plastic into a high-pressure hydrolysis system; the batching and pumping system comprises a mixer, a high-pressure pumping system and a preheating system, wherein the mixer is connected with the high-pressure pumping system, the high-pressure pumping system is connected with the preheating system, and the preheating system is connected with a feed inlet of the high-pressure hydrolysis system and is configured to pump batching of water, mother liquor and alcohol from the mixer to the preheating system, and convey the batching to the high-pressure hydrolysis system after preheating; the utility model discloses make full use of alcohol is to polymer plastic's degradation characteristic to and water is as the special advantage of green reaction medium, combines both organically, as waste plastic's degradation reagent jointly, makes waste plastic in relatively simple system, and just takes place degradation reaction under the relatively lower temperature condition.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a mixed hydrolysis unit of abandonment plastics especially relates to the device that abandonment plastics utilize water and alcohol to carry out the degradation as treatment agent under the high temperature high pressure condition, belongs to the environmental protection field.
Background
Since the beginning of the twentieth century, mankind has entered the era of polymer synthetic materials. The polymer plastic has the excellent characteristics of light weight, low price, insulation, heat insulation, corrosion resistance, attractive appearance, practicability, easy processing and forming and the like, replaces a large amount of materials such as metal, wood, paper, ceramic and the like, and is widely applied to various fields of national economy and production and life. As the application range of plastic products is continuously expanded, the generation amount of waste plastic is sharply increased. The plastic wastes which are difficult to naturally degrade cause pollution to cities, rural areas, oceans, lakes and the like to different degrees, and generate white pollution which spreads to the world. Not only seriously affects the natural environment and the urban sanitation and causes visual pollution, but also causes long-term potential harm to the ecological environment. At present, the disposal of waste plastics has become a global problem.
The waste plastics are degraded by organic reagents such as methanol, ethanol, amine (ammonia), benzene, toluene, xylene, tetrahydrofuran, dihydric alcohol and the like under certain temperature and pressure conditions, so that the waste plastics can be effectively degraded into smaller molecules with potential utilization values. However, the organic reagents have high cost and certain environmental hazard, and reagents such as benzene, xylene and tetrahydrofuran are important environmental pollutants. In addition, because the components of the waste plastic are complex, the degraded product also presents a state of coexistence of a plurality of organic molecules, and the organic molecules can possibly interact with the used degradation reagent, so that the separation and the use of the degraded product are not facilitated.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The to-be-solved technical problem of the utility model is: the device for degrading the waste plastics by adopting the water and alcohol mixed reagent under the conditions of high temperature and high pressure is provided, so that the waste plastics can be subjected to degradation reaction in a relatively simple system and at a relatively low temperature, and the defects in the prior art are overcome.
The technical scheme of the utility model is that: a waste plastic mixing and hydrolyzing device, comprising:
a high pressure hydrolysis system configured to hydrolyze the waste plastic;
the waste plastic crushing system is communicated with the feeding hole of the high-pressure hydrolysis system and is configured to crush the waste plastics and convey the crushed waste plastics to the high-pressure hydrolysis system;
the batching pumping system comprises a mixer, a high-pressure pumping system and a preheating system, wherein the mixer is connected with the high-pressure pumping system, the high-pressure pumping system is connected with the preheating system, the preheating system is connected with a feed inlet of the high-pressure hydrolysis system, and the batching pumping system is configured to pump batching of water, mother liquor and alcohol from the mixer to the preheating system, and convey the batching to the high-pressure hydrolysis system after preheating.
The device also comprises a reduced-pressure separation system, wherein the feed end of the reduced-pressure separation system is communicated with the discharge hole of the high-pressure hydrolysis system, and the reduced-pressure separation system is suitable for separating a hydrolyzed product into gas, liquid and solid under reduced pressure.
The absorption and purification equipment is connected with the reduced-pressure separation system and is suitable for carrying out absorption and purification treatment on the gas subjected to reduced-pressure separation by the reduced-pressure separation system.
The device also comprises a sedimentation treatment device, wherein the sedimentation treatment device is connected with the decompression separation system and is suitable for carrying out sedimentation treatment on the liquid and the solid which are subjected to decompression separation by the decompression separation system.
The separation and purification device is connected with the sedimentation treatment device and is suitable for carrying out separation and purification treatment on the liquid treated by the sedimentation treatment device.
The device also comprises a circulating conveying system, wherein the feeding end of the circulating conveying system is connected with the separation and purification equipment, the discharging end of the circulating conveying system is connected with the high-pressure pumping system, and the circulating conveying system is suitable for circularly conveying the mother liquor separated by the separation and purification equipment to the mixer.
The high-pressure hydrolysis system is a high-pressure reaction kettle.
The utility model has the advantages that: the utility model discloses make full use of alcohol is to polymer plastic's degradation characteristic to and water is as the special advantage of green reaction medium, combines both organically, as waste plastic's degradation reagent jointly, makes waste plastic in relatively simple system, and just takes place degradation reaction under the relatively lower temperature condition. After degradation treatment, the target degradation component can be purified, collected and recycled, the mother liquor can be recycled, and other generated components can be properly treated. Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses a specific advantage as follows:
(1) the mixture of water and alcohol is used as a treatment reagent for the waste plastics, so that the use amount of traditional organic reagents such as methanol, ethanol, amine (ammonia), benzene, toluene, xylene, tetrahydrofuran, dihydric alcohol and the like is reduced, the waste plastics can be degraded into smaller molecules under certain temperature and pressure conditions for recycling, and the harm of the traditional organic reagents to human bodies and the secondary pollution to the environment can be reduced.
(2) The degradation characteristic of alcohol to high polymer plastic and the special advantage of water as a green reaction medium are fully utilized, the alcohol and the water are organically combined and jointly used as a mixed hydrolysis reagent of waste plastic, so that the waste plastic can be completely degraded under a relatively mild temperature condition in a relatively simple system, the purification treatment of degradation products and the energy consumption control in the hydrolysis process are facilitated, and the large-scale applicability is strong.
(3) The waste plastic and the mixed hydrolytic reagent are fully contacted in the high-pressure hydrolytic reactor, the quick mixed hydrolytic reaction is carried out under the conditions of high temperature, high pressure, stirring, catalytic assistant and the like, and the degradation efficiency of the waste plastic is further improved through the subsequent natural cooling process, so that the device has the advantages of simple equipment system and structure, good safety controllability and capability of meeting the longer requirement of the waste plastic on the degradation reaction time due to strong crosslinking effect.
(4) After the waste plastics are subjected to high-temperature and high-pressure mixing hydrolysis in an autoclave for a long time, natural temperature reduction and pressure reduction separation, not only is the complete degradation of the waste plastics realized, but also various materials generated in the degradation process are properly treated. Wherein, a small amount of gaseous components are directly emptied after absorption and purification; treating the solid residue according to a conventional method; the target degradation components in the liquid substances are purified and collected according to actual needs, and the remaining mother liquor, alcohol and water jointly form a mixed hydrolysis reagent of waste plastics according to a certain mass ratio, so that the cyclic reuse is realized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:
referring to fig. 1, according to the utility model discloses a mixed hydrolysis unit of waste plastic, include: the system comprises a high-pressure hydrolysis system, a waste plastic crushing system and a batching and pumping system. The high-pressure hydrolysis system is a main place for carrying out mixed hydrolysis reaction on the waste plastics, and the time of the mixed hydrolysis reaction can be set and adjusted according to specific needs; the waste plastic crushing system is communicated with a feed inlet of the high-pressure hydrolysis system and is used for crushing waste plastics and conveying the crushed waste plastics to the high-pressure hydrolysis system; the batching pumping system is used for preheating the batching of the water, the mother liquor and the alcohol and then conveying the batching into the high-pressure hydrolysis system.
Preferably, the high-pressure hydrolysis system is a conventional high-pressure reaction kettle, and is provided with facilities for stirring, heating, catalyst inlet, feeding, discharging, temperature and pressure monitoring and the like. The stirring facility is used for enabling the waste plastic particles to be in full contact with the hydrothermal fluid and rapidly transfer mass so as to accelerate degradation reaction of the waste plastic particles; the heating facility is used for ensuring the temperature in the high-pressure autoclave reactor to be stable, so that the degradation reaction of the waste plastics is carried out at a set temperature; the catalyst inlet is a facility for the catalyst to enter the interior of the autoclave reactor; the feed inlet is a facility connected with the preheating system and the waste plastic crushing system, so that reaction materials enter the inside of the high-pressure kettle reactor; the discharge port is a facility connected with the decompression separation system, so that the mixed and hydrolyzed reaction material enters the decompression separation system; the temperature and pressure monitoring is realized by a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor so as to monitor the temperature and the pressure inside the autoclave reactor in real time.
In one example, the contents of the autoclave should not exceed 2/3, which is the effective volume of the body. And after the reaction materials complete the mixed hydrolysis reaction in the high-pressure hydrolysis system, stopping heating the high-pressure hydrolysis system, and naturally cooling the reaction materials to below 50 ℃.
Preferably, the waste plastic pulverizing system is a conventional solid material pulverizer, which can pulverize waste plastics to a certain particle size range, so that the pulverized plastic particles can be not only conveniently conveyed to the high-pressure hydrolysis system under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions, but also can be sufficiently contacted with high-pressure hot fluid to perform hydrolysis reaction.
Preferably, the batching pumping system comprises a mixer, a high-pressure pumping system and a preheating system, wherein the mixer is connected with the high-pressure pumping system, the high-pressure pumping system is connected with the preheating system, the preheating system is connected with a feed inlet of the high-pressure hydrolysis system, and the batching pumping system is suitable for preparing water, mother liquor and alcohol into a degradation treatment reagent in the mixer, pumping the degradation treatment reagent into the preheating system by the high-pressure pumping system, and conveying the preheated degradation treatment reagent into the high-pressure hydrolysis system. Preferably, the high-pressure pumping system adopts a high-pressure pump, and the preheating system is an electric heating system, such as a tubular electric heating device, one port of which is communicated with the outlet of the high-pressure pump, and the other port of which is connected with the feed inlet of the primary high-pressure hydrolysis system, i.e. the feed inlet of the high-pressure reaction kettle. Thus, the degradation treatment reagent is pumped from the high-pressure pumping system to the preheating system, and is conveyed to the high-pressure hydrolysis system after being preheated.
In one example, the output pressure of the high pressure pumping system can reach 35 mpa, the actual working pressure can be set and regulated according to specific needs, the delivery rate ranges from 10 ml/min to 100 ml/min, and the actual delivery rate can be set and regulated according to specific needs.
In one example, the preheating system can preheat the materials conveyed by the high-pressure pumping system to 600 ℃ respectively, and the actual preheating temperature can be set and regulated according to specific needs.
In one example, water, mother liquor and alcohol are fed into the mixer in a certain mass ratio, and the actual ratio and the number of times of mother liquor application are determined according to specific needs.
In order to separate the products after high-temperature and high-pressure hydrolysis, a discharge hole of the high-pressure hydrolysis system is also connected with a decompression separation system so as to decompress and separate the products after hydrolysis into gas, liquid and solid. Preferably, the decompression separation system is further connected with an absorption purification device so as to carry out absorption purification treatment on the gas decompressed and separated by the decompression separation system. For example, after the gas is separated, the obtained gas is treated by an absorbent or a purifying agent through an absorption purifying device and then is exhausted, so that the pollution of the waste gas to the environment is reduced.
Preferably, a sedimentation treatment device is connected behind the decompression separation system, so that the liquid and the solid which are decompressed and separated by the decompression separation system are subjected to sedimentation treatment. The sedimentation treatment equipment is preferably a sedimentation tank, and can realize liquid and fixed separation after a certain time of sedimentation treatment, wherein the upper layer is clear liquid, and the bottom is solid residue. In one example, the solid residue is treated according to a conventional method, and the supernatant is purified and collected according to actual needs to the target degradation component, so that the target degradation component is convenient to recycle,
preferably, a separation and purification device is further arranged after the sedimentation treatment device, so that the liquid treated by the sedimentation treatment device is subjected to separation and purification treatment, namely, the liquid is separated into a target product and a mother liquor.
Preferably, a circulating conveying system is arranged behind the separation and purification equipment, the feeding end of the circulating conveying system is connected with the separation and purification equipment, and the discharging end of the circulating conveying system is connected with the feeding hole of the mixer, so that the mother liquor separated by the separation and purification equipment is circularly conveyed to the mixer, the cyclic utilization of the mother liquor is realized, and the decomposition cost of waste plastics is reduced. The circulating conveying system can be a conveying pipeline and can also be provided with a driving device, such as a pump.
The method for performing mixed hydrolysis on the waste plastics according to the waste plastic mixed hydrolysis device comprises the following steps of:
(1) hydrolyzed material feed
The first step is as follows: crushing the waste plastics to be treated by using a waste plastic crushing system according to requirements, and feeding the obtained crushed plastic particles into a high-pressure hydrolysis system;
the second step is that: mixing water, alcohol and circulating mother liquor according to a certain mass ratio, for example, 1:1:0.25 by using a mixer, wherein the mixing time is set to 15 minutes;
the third step: the water/alcohol/circulating mother liquor mixed reagent required by the hydrolysis reaction enters a preheating system at a set rate, such as 20 ml/min, the heating temperature of the preheating system is set at a certain temperature, such as 350 ℃, and the mixed reagent preheated by the preheating system enters a high-pressure hydrolysis system;
the fourth step: and stopping high-pressure pumping and preheating of the mixed reagent after the amount of the mixed reagent entering the high-pressure hydrolysis system reaches a specified amount, so that the mixed reagent stops entering the high-pressure hydrolysis system.
(2) Mixed hydrolysis reaction
The first step is as follows: starting heating and stirring facilities of the high-pressure hydrolysis system to ensure that the temperature in the autoclave reactor reaches a set value, for example, is kept constant after 350 ℃;
the second step is that: adding a catalyst required by the mixed hydrolysis reaction through a catalyst inlet, closing the catalyst inlet after the addition is finished, and starting the mixed hydrolysis reaction of the waste plastics;
the third step: after the mixed hydrolysis process of the waste plastics is finished, stopping heating the high-pressure hydrolysis system, and continuously stirring to naturally cool the mixed hydrolysate to a reduced temperature;
(3) separation of reaction materials
The first step is as follows: after the hydrolysate is naturally cooled, for example, when the temperature of the hydrolysate is cooled to below 50 ℃, stopping a stirring facility of the high-pressure hydrolysis system, transferring the hydrolysate to a decompression separation system, reducing the pressure of the system to normal pressure through a decompression valve, separating gas, treating the obtained gas through absorption and purification equipment, and then emptying the gas;
the second step is that: introducing the residual materials without gas into a sedimentation treatment device, after sedimentation treatment for a certain time, introducing the supernatant into a separation and purification device for purification treatment, purifying and collecting the target degradation product, and conveying the remaining mother liquor into a high-pressure pumping system through a circulating conveying system for circulating application;
the third step: the residual solid after removing the liquid is mainly inorganic solid residue, and is treated by a conventional method such as landfill.
In the field, the mother liquor refers to residual liquor after extraction of target components in a liquid product, and is a general expression in the chemical production process, and the mother liquor is different due to different treatment processes. The utility model discloses in, the mother liquor is mainly for the alcohol-water mixed solution who contains the organic degradation product of minute, adds the water in the cauldron promptly in the earlier stage and alcohol through a series of process back surplus portions, lets its cyclic utilization's aim at water conservation and the quantity of alcohol to and the emission after making the processing is more clean. The proportion of the alcohol, water and the alcohol is determined according to specific conditions, and the treatment effect and efficiency of the waste plastic are not influenced. In the utility model, the alcohol is mainly methanol, ethanol, isopropanol or ethylene glycol, etc. The catalyst for mixed hydrolysis is mainly sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, zinc acetate and other substances, and can be selected according to the situation.
The utility model discloses well abandonment plastics are through high temperature water under high pressure thermal degradation and cooling decompression after-separating, and gaseous state component absorbs purification and direct evacuation, and inorganic solid residue is handled according to conventional method, and liquid material carries out purification treatment and collection to target degradation component according to actual need, and remaining mother liquor returns the blender and realizes recycling and apply mechanically.
The foregoing is a more detailed description of the present invention, taken in conjunction with the specific preferred embodiments thereof, and it is not intended that the invention be limited to the specific embodiments shown and described. To the utility model belongs to the technical field of ordinary technical personnel, do not deviate from the utility model discloses under the prerequisite of design, can also make a plurality of simple deductions or replacement, all should regard as belonging to the utility model discloses a protection scope.
Claims (5)
1. A waste plastic mixing hydrolysis device is characterized by comprising:
a high pressure hydrolysis system configured to hydrolyze the waste plastic;
the waste plastic crushing system is communicated with the feeding hole of the high-pressure hydrolysis system and is configured to crush the waste plastics and convey the crushed waste plastics to the high-pressure hydrolysis system;
the batching pumping system comprises a mixer, a high-pressure pumping system and a preheating system, wherein the mixer is connected with the high-pressure pumping system, the high-pressure pumping system is connected with the preheating system, the preheating system is connected with a feed inlet of the high-pressure hydrolysis system, and the batching pumping system is configured to pump batching of water, mother liquor and alcohol from the mixer to the preheating system, and convey the batching to the high-pressure hydrolysis system after preheating.
2. The waste plastic mixing and hydrolyzing device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the device also comprises a reduced-pressure separation system, wherein the feed end of the reduced-pressure separation system is communicated with the discharge hole of the high-pressure hydrolysis system, and the reduced-pressure separation system is suitable for separating a hydrolyzed product into gas, liquid and solid under reduced pressure.
3. The waste plastic mixing and hydrolyzing device as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the absorption and purification equipment is connected with the reduced-pressure separation system and is suitable for carrying out absorption and purification treatment on the gas subjected to reduced-pressure separation by the reduced-pressure separation system.
4. The waste plastic mixing and hydrolyzing device as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the device also comprises a sedimentation treatment device, wherein the sedimentation treatment device is connected with the decompression separation system and is suitable for carrying out sedimentation treatment on the liquid and the solid which are subjected to decompression separation by the decompression separation system.
5. The waste plastic mixing and hydrolyzing device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the high-pressure hydrolysis system is a high-pressure reaction kettle.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201821475472.2U CN214400316U (en) | 2018-09-10 | 2018-09-10 | Mixed hydrolysis unit of waste plastic |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201821475472.2U CN214400316U (en) | 2018-09-10 | 2018-09-10 | Mixed hydrolysis unit of waste plastic |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN214400316U true CN214400316U (en) | 2021-10-15 |
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| CN201821475472.2U Active CN214400316U (en) | 2018-09-10 | 2018-09-10 | Mixed hydrolysis unit of waste plastic |
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| CN (1) | CN214400316U (en) |
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