CN214371673U - Annular kiln for firing antique building materials - Google Patents

Abstract

A ring kiln for firing antique building materials comprises a kiln path arranged in a ring kiln body (1) and a main flue (5), wherein kiln door openings (10) are uniformly distributed on the kiln path, and a flue inlet (2) is formed in the side wall of the lower part of the kiln path at one side of each kiln door opening (10); a separation wall (16) is arranged at the center line between two adjacent kiln door openings (10), a kiln path between two adjacent separation walls (16) forms a kiln chamber (15), and the separation wall (16) is provided with a sealing door (9); the method is characterized in that: the kiln wall of the section of each kiln chamber (15) is a double-layer structure formed by a refractory layer (13) and a structural layer (14), and a cavity (12) is reserved between the double-layer structure; an air draft manifold channel (25) is communicated with the cavity (12), and the air draft manifold channel (25) is communicated with an air draft main channel (27) through a valve (26); an air inlet manifold channel (11) is arranged to be communicated with the cavity (12), and the air inlet manifold channel (11) is communicated with the outside atmosphere.

Description

Annular kiln for firing antique building materials

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a ring kiln, in particular to a ring kiln for sintering archaized bricks, tiles, building blocks, patches and the like (hereinafter, the sintering archaized bricks are collectively called as archaized building materials). The annular kiln can be reduced into the traditional annular kiln for firing red tiles if necessary, namely, the annular kiln can be interchanged between the firing of antique building materials and the firing of red tiles after corresponding changes are made to the auxiliary facilities of the annular kiln.

Background

With the trend of people to better and better life, the expectation on the antique building is higher and higher, and the market demand on the antique building materials is also increased continuously. The existing antique building materials mainly have two production modes, namely a non-sintered type and a sintered type. The baking-free antique building material has the defects of low compressive strength, single surface color and the like because of no sintering, and has poor market prospect. The sintered antique building materials have the characteristics of high compressive strength and 'brick color and thousand color', and are well pursued by the market, but the antique building materials are prepared by adopting a traditional 'tank kiln', so that a plurality of problems exist in the aspects of efficiency and the like, and the sintered antique building materials are mainly expressed in the following aspects:

1. the traditional pot kiln can be taken out of the kiln for the next kiln after being flamed out for 7-10 days and cooled, so that continuous production can not be realized, and the production efficiency is seriously influenced.

2. The traditional 'tank kiln' sintered antique building materials are mainly cooled by water to generate cyan, and the color change is also determined by the experience of a kiln master.

How to change the current situation, realize newly-built improved type annular kiln and burn and make the archaized building materials or spend little expense on transforming on the basis of existing annular kiln, satisfy the production requirement of the archaized building materials, become one of the subjects of studying the preparation method of the archaized building materials. Accurate control is carried out in the production process to form an antique building material preparation system, which becomes the direction of the preparation and development of the antique building materials.

The Chinese patent application No. CN201911070483.1 applied by the applicant discloses a ring kiln for firing antique building materials, which comprises a kiln path and a main flue, wherein kiln doors are uniformly distributed on the kiln path, a flue inlet is formed in the lower part of the kiln path, and the flue inlet is communicated with the main flue; the main flue is communicated with a main flue, and an exhaust fan is arranged on the main flue; the top of the kiln path is provided with a coal feeding hole; the method is characterized in that: a separation wall is arranged between adjacent kiln doors, a kiln passage between the adjacent separation walls forms a kiln chamber, the lower part of the separation wall is provided with a door opening, and a sealing door is arranged on the door opening; the cooling pipe is distributed in each kiln chamber, one end of the cooling pipe is communicated with the atmosphere after passing through the kiln body, the other end of the cooling pipe is communicated with the cooling manifold, a manifold valve is arranged on the cooling manifold, the manifold valve is communicated with the cooling main pipe, and the cooling main pipe is connected with a fan. However, the cooling pipes distributed in the kiln chamber still have the defects of large investment, uneven cooling and low efficiency, and particularly the cooling pipes are easy to damage, leak air and are frequently replaced at high temperature.

Chinese patent application CN88208181.0 discloses a multi-layer air sandwich furnace lining, which is characterized in that the furnace lining is composed of a multi-layer structure using an air layer as a sandwich by using low-grade aluminum silicate fiber plates or rock wool plates, the air sandwich is internally provided with fiber plates or made into partition plates to prevent heat convection in the air sandwich, the partition plates can be in a strip shape or a corrugated shape or any other patterns, and the partition plates in the air sandwich are bonded with the fiber plate layers by using an adhesive. The novel heat-insulating furnace lining is a prefabricated temperature layer building block formed by bonding aluminum silicate fibers, and is very convenient to build a heat-insulating layer. The novel multilayer air interlayer furnace lining has the advantages of good heat insulation performance, material saving and good energy-saving effect. However, this design is only suitable for the insulation requirements of most industrial smelting furnaces, such as heat treatment resistance furnaces.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims at adopting the annular kiln principle, designing an improved generation annular kiln room that contains the middle air interlayer cavity of containing inside and outside bilayer and fire archaize building materials, the air interlayer in calcination stage cavity plays heat preservation energy-saving effect, constantly replaces the effect that advances external cold air and play the kiln room temperature of rapid reduction to the air interlayer through air intake and air outlet in the stage of cooling down, but greatly reduced cool time improves the annular kiln output rate.

The basic idea of the utility model is that: at the theoretical separation part of the kiln chamber, a separation wall is arranged for physical separation, a door opening is reserved, and the roasting flame can pass through or be blocked by the door opening and a door opening sealing door made of high-temperature resistant materials; meanwhile, the kiln wall is a kiln chamber which is of a double-layer structure consisting of an inner refractory layer and an outer structure layer, and the middle of the double-layer structure is an air interlayer cavity, the air interlayer in the cavity of the roasting zone plays a role in heat preservation and energy saving, and the outside cold air is continuously replaced to the air interlayer through an air draft manifold channel and an air inlet channel in the cooling zone to play a role in rapidly reducing the temperature of the kiln chamber; a temperature probe can be arranged in each kiln chamber, and a computer is arranged for display and control. Such kilns can, depending on the firing conditions, change the kiln to a "1 + N" (i.e. one or N firing zones) mode.

The utility model discloses a concrete design is:

the utility model provides a kiln of firing archaize building materials, includes the kiln way that forms the closed loop that establishes in the kiln body of wheel, forms the main flue of closed loop, wherein:

a plurality of kiln door holes leading to the atmosphere are uniformly distributed on the kiln way, the side wall of the lower part of the kiln way at one side of each kiln door hole is provided with a flue inlet, the flue inlet is communicated with a main flue through a branch flue, a conical gate is arranged between the branch flue and the main flue, the top of the annular kiln body is provided with a conical gate lifting mechanism, and a kiln door plug is arranged at the kiln door hole;

the main flue is communicated with a main flue arranged outside, and an exhaust fan is arranged on the main flue;

the middle line between two adjacent kiln door openings is provided with a separation wall, a kiln path between two adjacent separation walls forms a kiln chamber, the lower part of the separation wall is provided with a separation wall door opening, a sealing door is arranged on the separation wall door opening, and the top of the annular kiln body is provided with a sealing door lifting mechanism;

the method is characterized in that:

the kiln wall of the section of each kiln chamber is of a double-layer structure consisting of a fire-resistant layer and a structural layer, a cavity is reserved between the fire-resistant layer and the structural layer, the fire-resistant layer and the structural layer can be red bricks, and the fire-resistant layer can also be made of other fire-resistant materials;

one end of one or more air draft manifold channels is communicated with the cavity, and the other end of the air draft manifold channel is communicated with the air draft main channel after passing through the valve;

one end of one or more air inlet branch channels is communicated with the cavity, the other end of the air inlet branch channel is communicated with the air inlet channel, and the air inlet channel is communicated with the outside atmosphere.

The utility model discloses a wheel kiln body both can adopt traditional brick to mix and build by laying bricks or stones the mode, also can adopt the assembled kiln way equipment of industrialization preparation.

Preferably: when the roasting fuel is coal or coal and gas mixed combustion, the top of the kiln path is provided with a coal feeding hole leading to the top of the kiln body of the rotary kiln so as to supplement the fuel according to the actual situation.

Preferably: the exposed part of the air draft manifold channel, the valve and the air draft main channel are all positioned at the top of the annular kiln body, and the air inlet manifold channel and the air inlet channel are buried in a foundation below the kiln chamber, so that the aerodynamic principle is better met. Of course, the positions of the air draft manifold channel and the air intake manifold channel can be adjusted according to the situation.

Preferably: the air draft main channel is communicated with the main flue so as to share the air draft fan. If necessary, an air draft device can be additionally arranged. The hot air pumped out by the air draft main channel and the main flue is generally sent to the blank drying room so as to utilize the waste heat, and the waste heat can be utilized to heat water and the like.

Preferably: a plurality of refractory supporting pieces are connected between the refractory layer and the structural layer. The main function of the refractory support is to stabilize the refractory layer, preventing it from collapsing.

Preferably: one end of the fire-resistant supporting piece is fixed in the fire-resistant layer, and the other end of the fire-resistant supporting piece is fixed in the structural layer.

Preferably: the refractory support is a ceramic pendant. When the annular kiln body adopts the traditional brick-concrete masonry mode, the refractory support piece can also be a brick with two ends respectively embedded with a refractory layer and a structural layer.

Preferably: the kiln door opening is internally provided with a gas manifold, the end part of the gas manifold is provided with a gas ejector, and the gas ejector penetrates through the kiln door plug and extends into the kiln chamber. The kiln door plugging can be various commonly used plugging facilities.

Preferably: the kiln door plug is provided with an observation hole for observing the combustion condition of the kiln chamber.

Each kiln chamber can also be provided with a temperature detection and control device.

The production method comprises the following steps: stacking in a kiln according to conventional methods of sintering bricks, tiles, building blocks, patches and the like in a wheel kiln, controlling the sintering temperature of 900-1100 ℃ for sintering for 6-10 hours, then closing a conical gate lifting mechanism and a sealing door lifting mechanism of the kiln chamber, isolating the conical gate lifting mechanism and the sealing door lifting mechanism from a subsequent sintering zone, isolating the external air to form a cooling reduction kiln chamber, exhausting oxygen in the kiln and a green brick, simultaneously opening an air exhaust manifold channel valve to reduce the temperature through air exhaust of an air exhaust main channel, and cooling the antique building materials in an oxygen-deficient atmosphere until the temperature can not be oxidized again to finish the whole reduction and green turning.

The utility model discloses in, still be equipped with the ceiling above the annular kiln body, the annular kiln body is built the stoving room of stoving blank outward usually in addition, and the flue gas that the air exhauster of convulsions main entrance exhaust hot-blast and total flue was taken out is introduced stoving room stoving blank, and the cooling band is passed through convulsions main entrance and inlet air channel and is constantly replaced the cold air that advances the external world to the air interlayer and constitute the effect that air cooling system played and reduce the kiln room temperature rapidly.

The utility model discloses owing to utilized the characteristics of the sustainability production of annular kiln, realized that the circulation calcination is not flame-out, solved the production condition of pausing that traditional archaize building materials kiln exists, reduced the waste of the energy, improved the output rate. The air cooling system can greatly reduce the cooling time. The air interlayer in the cavity of the annular kiln plays a role in heat preservation and energy conservation in the roasting stage, outside cold air is continuously replaced into the air interlayer through the air inlet and the air outlet in the cooling stage to play a role in improving the cooling rate of the kiln chamber, and hot air pumped out of the air outlet is sent to the drying chamber to dry blanks, so that three purposes are achieved at one stroke, and the production efficiency is high. The utility model discloses also be to CN201911070483.1 the significant improvement of annular kiln.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view of a front view of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the top view of FIG. 1 with the ceiling removed;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the kiln chamber air cooling system of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the gas system of the present invention, namely, a sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view C-C of FIG. 2;

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 1;

in the figure: 1. a wheel kiln body; 2. a flue inlet; 3. a flue is branched; 4. conical gates (hafeng); 5. a main flue; 6. a lifting bar; 7. a conical gate lifting mechanism; 8. a sealing door lifting mechanism; 9. a sealing door; 10. a kiln door opening; 11. an air inlet branch channel; 12. a cavity; 13. a refractory layer; 14. a structural layer; 15. a kiln chamber; 16. a partition wall; 17. coal feeding holes; 18. a sealing door lifting rod; 19. isolating wall door openings; 20. a foundation; 21. a refractory support; 22. an air inlet channel; 23. a main flue; 24. an exhaust fan; 25. an air exhaust manifold channel; 26. a valve; 27. air draft main channel; 28. an observation hole; 29. a gas injector; 30. a gas manifold; 31. a gas valve; 32. a gas main pipe; 33. and (5) plugging a kiln door.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, a ring kiln for firing antique building materials includes a closed-loop forming path and a closed-loop forming flue duct 5 provided in a body 1 of the ring kiln, wherein:

a plurality of kiln door holes 10 leading to the atmosphere are uniformly distributed on the kiln path, the side wall of the lower part of the kiln path at one side of each kiln door hole 10 is provided with a flue inlet 2, the flue inlet 2 is communicated with a main flue 5 through a branch flue 3, a conical gate 4 is arranged between the branch flue 3 and the main flue 5, and the top of the annular kiln body 1 is provided with a conical gate lifting mechanism 7;

the main flue 5 is communicated with a main flue 23 arranged outside, and an exhaust fan 24 is arranged on the main flue 23;

a separation wall 16 is arranged at the central line between two adjacent kiln door openings 10, a kiln passage between two adjacent separation walls 16 forms a kiln chamber 15, a separation wall door opening 19 is arranged at the lower part of the separation wall 16, a sealing door 9 is arranged on the separation wall door opening 19, a sealing door lifting mechanism 8 is arranged at the top of the annular kiln body 1, and a kiln door plug 33 is arranged at the kiln door opening 10;

the kiln wall of the section of each kiln chamber 15 is of a double-layer structure consisting of a refractory layer 13 and a structural layer 14, and a cavity 12 is reserved between the refractory layer 13 and the structural layer 14;

one end of one or more air draft manifold channels 25 is communicated with the cavity 12, and the other end of the air draft manifold channel 25 is communicated with an air draft main channel 27 after passing through a valve 26;

one end of one or more air inlet branch channels 11 is communicated with the cavity 12, the other end of the air inlet branch channel 11 is communicated with an air inlet channel 22, and the air inlet channel 22 is communicated with the outside atmosphere.

When the roasting fuel is coal or coal and gas mixed combustion, coal feeding holes 17 leading to the top of the kiln body 1 are uniformly distributed at the top of the kiln path.

The exposed part of the air draft manifold channel 25, the valve 26 and the air draft main channel 27 are all positioned at the top of the roller kiln body 1, and the air intake manifold channel 11 and the air intake channel 22 are buried in the foundation 20 below the kiln chamber 15.

The draft main duct 27 communicates with the main stack 23.

A plurality of refractory supports 21 are connected between the refractory layer 13 and the structural layer 14.

The refractory support 21 is fixed at one end in the refractory layer 13 and at the other end in the structural layer 14.

The refractory support 21 is a ceramic pendant.

The kiln door opening 10 is provided with a gas manifold 30, the end part of the gas manifold 30 is provided with a gas injector 29, and the gas injector 29 penetrates through the kiln door plug 33 and extends into the kiln chamber 15.

The kiln door plugging 33 is provided with an observation hole 28.

The firing method is basically consistent with that of the existing annular kiln: stacking in a kiln according to conventional methods of sintering bricks, tiles, building blocks, patches and the like in a ring kiln to finish moisture removal and preheating of finished products; controlling the roasting temperature of 900-1100 ℃ for sintering for 6-10 hours, then isolating the kiln chamber 15 from a subsequent roasting zone to form a cooling chamber, isolating the outside air to the maximum extent to form a cooling reduction environment, simultaneously opening a valve 26 for air draft and cooling, and cooling the tiles in an oxygen-deficient atmosphere until the temperature is not oxidized again to finish the reduction of the ferric iron into the ferrous iron. The kiln chamber 15 in front of the reduction kiln chamber 15 is a roasting chamber, a preheating chamber and a moisture discharging chamber in sequence, and the circular roasting is performed according to the normal operation program without flameout. Depending on the number of kiln door openings 10 and the firing conditions, the kiln chamber 15 can be changed to a "1 + N (i.e., one or N oxidative firing zones)" mode to achieve greater throughput. During firing, the conical gates 4 of the roasting chamber and the preheating chamber are opened, the sealing door 9 of the roasting chamber close to the preheating chamber and the sealing door 9 of the preheating chamber are opened, the kiln door opening 10 of the preheating chamber is closed, outside air from the far end of the preheating chamber is pumped into the roasting chamber and the preheating chamber through the door opening 25 of the roasting chamber, high-temperature heat of the roasting chamber is transmitted to radiation through the isolation wall 16 during the roasting process, and a fire source is transmitted to the preheating chamber close to the roasting chamber through the door opening 19 of the isolation wall to ignite fuel in the preheating chamber. When the roasting chamber is burnt, the roasting chamber becomes a cooling chamber, the conical gate 4 of the chamber and the sealing door 9 adjacent to the preheating chamber are immediately closed, meanwhile, the valve 26 of the air draft manifold channel 25 of the roasting chamber is opened for air draft cooling, and the ignited preheating chamber becomes a new roasting chamber, thereby continuously circulating and propelling. When the temperature of the prior cooling chamber is reduced to the temperature at which the bricks and tiles can not be oxidized again, the corresponding conical gate 4 and the kiln door plug 33 are opened to continue to forcibly cool to the temperature close to the room temperature, and then the finished product can be obtained.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides a kiln of firing archaize building materials, includes the kiln way that forms the closed loop of establishing in the kiln body (1), forms closed loop's main flue (5), wherein:

a plurality of kiln door holes (10) leading to the atmosphere are uniformly distributed on the kiln way, the side wall of the lower part of the kiln way at one side of each kiln door hole (10) is provided with a flue inlet (2), the flue inlets (2) are communicated with a main flue (5) through branch flues (3), a conical gate (4) is arranged between the branch flues (3) and the main flue (5), and the top of the rotary kiln body (1) is provided with a conical gate lifting mechanism (7);

the main flue (5) is communicated with a main flue (23) arranged outside, and an exhaust fan (24) is arranged on the main flue (23);

a separation wall (16) is arranged at the center line between two adjacent kiln door openings (10), a kiln passage between two adjacent separation walls (16) forms a kiln chamber (15), a separation wall door opening (19) is formed at the lower part of the separation wall (16), a sealing door (9) is arranged on the separation wall door opening (19), a sealing door lifting mechanism (8) is arranged at the top of the wheel kiln body (1), and a kiln door plug (33) is arranged at the kiln door opening (10);

the method is characterized in that:

the kiln wall of the section of each kiln chamber (15) is of a double-layer structure consisting of a refractory layer (13) and a structural layer (14), and a cavity (12) is reserved between the refractory layer (13) and the structural layer (14);

one end of one or more air draft manifold channels (25) is communicated with the cavity (12), and the other end of the air draft manifold channel (25) is communicated with an air draft main channel (27) after passing through a valve (26);

one end of one or more air inlet branch channels (11) is communicated with the cavity (12), the other end of the air inlet branch channel (11) is communicated with the air inlet channel (22), and the air inlet channel (22) is communicated with the outside atmosphere.

2. A ring kiln for burning antique building materials according to claim 1, wherein the top of the kiln path is provided with a coal charging hole (17) leading to the top of the body (1) of the ring kiln.

3. The annular kiln for firing antique building materials according to claim 1, wherein the exposed part of the draft manifold channel (25), the valve (26) and the draft main channel (27) are all located on the top of the kiln body (1), and the air intake manifold channel (11) and the air intake channel (22) are buried in the foundation (20) under the kiln chamber (15).

4. The annular kiln for firing antique building materials according to claim 1, wherein the draft main channel (27) is communicated with the main flue (23).

5. An annular kiln for firing antique building materials according to claim 1, characterized in that between the refractory layer (13) and the structural layer (14) there are associated a plurality of refractory supports (21).

6. An annular kiln for firing antique building materials according to claim 5, characterized in that the refractory support (21) is fixed in the refractory layer (13) at one end and in the structural layer (14) at the other end.

7. A kiln as claimed in claim 5 or 6, wherein the refractory supports (21) are ceramic hangers.

8. The annular kiln for firing antique building materials according to claim 1, wherein a gas manifold (30) is installed in the kiln door opening (10), and a gas burner (29) is installed at an end of the gas manifold (30), the gas burner (29) extending into the kiln chamber (15) through the kiln door block (33).

9. A kiln as claimed in claim 8, in which the door block (33) is provided with a viewing aperture (28).

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