CN214354230U - Automatic leveling device and 3D printer - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an automatic levelling device and 3D printer, this automatic levelling device include photoelectric switch, electromagnetic component, probe subassembly and elastic component, and photoelectric switch has the sensitization groove, and electromagnetic component has the slide opening, and probe subassembly slidable ground cooperation is in the slide opening, and the one end cooperation of probe subassembly is in the sensitization inslot. The electromagnetic assembly can drive the probe assembly to move, so that one end, matched in the photosensitive groove, of the probe assembly is separated from the photosensitive groove. The elastic piece is used for driving the probe assembly to move, so that the probe assembly separated from the photosensitive groove is inserted into the photosensitive groove, the automatic leveling device is simple in structure, low in manufacturing difficulty, low in production cost, simple and stable in leveling mode, high in detection repetition precision and free of complex circuit and software cooperation.

Description

Automatic leveling device and 3D printer

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a 3D printing apparatus technical field especially relates to an automatic leveling device and 3D printer.

Background

The 3D printing technology is a rapid forming technology which is based on a digital model file, applies special adhesive materials such as wax materials, powdered metals or plastics and the like, and manufactures three-dimensional objects by printing materials layer by layer. Fused deposition rapid prototyping is one of the major 3D printing technologies. The technology comprises the steps of heating and melting hot-melt material wires, extruding the melted material wires from a spray head, depositing the material wires on a printing working platform or a previous layer of solidified material, and starting solidification and forming when the temperature is lower than the solidification temperature of the material wires to finally generate a real object. For a 3D printing process of a fused deposition rapid prototyping technology which is characterized by layer-by-layer accumulation, the levelness of a printing platform relative to a printing nozzle directly determines the success or failure of the deposition and formation of the first layer of the model on the printing platform, so that the success or failure and the precision of the printing of the whole model are determined. The leveling technology of the traditional 3D printer mainly realizes platform leveling by manually adjusting screws under a printing platform, and the mode has complicated operation steps and inaccurate leveling precision.

At present, the mainstream leveling modes mainly comprise probe type leveling, steering engine leveling, induction sensor leveling and the like. The probe type leveling device mainly comprises an electromagnetic coil, a plunger and a sensor, detection is realized by extending and retracting a probe, but the device has higher requirements on assembly, production and manufacture, and has the problems of poor anti-interference capability, higher cost and the like; the steering engine leveling method mainly comprises the steps that a microswitch is arranged on a steering engine, the microswitch is put down before leveling, and the microswitch is folded after leveling is finished, but one more steering engine is required to be added to a printer nozzle, so that a printer nozzle assembly is complicated, the microswitch needs to be put down and folded through the steering engine before and after leveling, and the operation method is complicated; the inductance leveling method is to level by using an inductance proximity switch, but the device has larger volume, occupies the installation space of a printer nozzle, can only play a role in printing a metal platform, and has lower applicability.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

A first object of the present invention is to provide an automatic leveling device, which has a small volume, easy installation, simple application and low manufacturing cost.

A second object of the utility model is to provide a 3D printer, this 3D printer can realize quick and accurate leveling to ensure the printing precision of 3D printer.

For realizing the above technical effect, the technical scheme of the utility model as follows:

the utility model discloses an automatic leveling device, include: a photoelectric switch having a photosensitive groove; an electromagnetic assembly having a slide hole; the probe assembly is matched in the slide hole in a sliding mode, and one end of the probe assembly is matched in the photosensitive groove; the elastic piece is sleeved on the probe assembly; the electromagnetic assembly can drive the probe assembly to move so that one end, which is matched in the photosensitive groove, of the probe assembly is separated from the photosensitive groove; the elastic piece is used for driving the probe assembly to move so that the probe assembly separated from the photosensitive groove is inserted into the photosensitive groove. The automatic leveling device has the advantages that the electromagnetic assembly is adopted to drive the probe assembly to move up and down in the actual leveling process, the upper end of the probe assembly is inserted into or separated from the photosensitive groove to control the on-off of a photoelectric signal of the photoelectric switch, and therefore a signal of the probe assembly contacting the platform is obtained. The additional elastic piece can realize the function of automatically rebounding the connecting column after the leveling is finished, and the control logic of the automatic leveling component is simplified.

In some embodiments, the probe assembly comprises: one end of the connecting column is matched in the photosensitive groove, and the other end of the connecting column is matched in the sliding hole; one end of the probe head is connected with the connecting column, and the other end of the probe head extends out of the sliding hole; the elastic piece is sleeved on the probe head, one end of the elastic piece abuts against the connecting column, and the other end of the elastic piece abuts against the inner end face of the sliding hole. The probe assembly is split into the connecting column and the probe head, the mounting process is very convenient, the assembly efficiency of the automatic leveling device can be improved, the elastic piece is sleeved on the probe head, and two ends of the elastic piece respectively abut against the inner end faces of the connecting column and the sliding hole, so that the mounting stability of the elastic piece is ensured, and the probe assembly can stably rebound after the leveling is finished.

In some specific embodiments, the probe head includes: a probe portion having a projection extending in a circumferential direction thereof, the projection having a diameter larger than that of the slide hole; one end of the connecting part is connected with the probe part, the other end of the connecting part is connected with the connecting column, and the elastic part is sleeved on the connecting part. The phenomenon that the probe head is completely retracted into the slide hole in the retraction process is avoided, so that the working reliability of the probe head is ensured

In some embodiments, the electromagnetic assembly comprises: the mounting piece is provided with a mounting groove extending along the circumferential direction of the mounting piece; the coil is installed in the installation groove in a matching mode; and the electromagnetic shell is sleeved on the mounting piece to seal the mounting groove. The electromagnetic assembly is formed into a cylindrical electromagnet structure, so that the structure of the electromagnetic assembly can be simplified, the volume of the electromagnetic assembly is reduced, and the magnetic field intensity of the electromagnetic assembly during electrification can be improved, so that the electromagnetic assembly can be ensured to stably drive the probe assembly to move

In some specific embodiments, one end of the electromagnetic shell is provided with an annular convex plate, the annular convex plate is arranged at a distance from the inner peripheral wall of the electromagnetic shell to define a positioning groove, and one end of the mounting component is inserted into the positioning groove. The connection stability and the connection sealing performance of the mounting part and the electromagnetic shell are guaranteed, the coil is well guaranteed to be in a relatively sealed space, pollution of external dirt to the coil is avoided, and stable and reliable work of the coil is guaranteed.

In some more specific embodiments, an abutting convex ring is arranged on the inner side wall of the annular convex plate, and one end of the elastic element abuts against the abutting convex ring. Therefore, the stability of the elastic part is ensured, the phenomenon that the elastic part is bent in the process that the electromagnetic assembly drives the probe assembly to move is avoided, and the stable movement of the probe assembly is ensured.

In some embodiments, the automatic leveling device of 3D printer still include the casing, connect on the shower nozzle subassembly of 3D printer, photoelectric switch with the electromagnetism subassembly all is equipped with in the casing, the casing includes preceding shell and backshell, preceding shell with be equipped with the card protruding on one of the backshell, be equipped with on another with protruding complex card hole of card. The structure of the front shell and the rear shell is simplified, the production and the manufacture of the front shell and the rear shell as well as the installation and the disassembly of the front shell and the rear shell are facilitated, and therefore the assembly and the maintenance of the whole automatic leveling device are facilitated.

In some embodiments, the automatic leveling device further includes a circuit board, the photoelectric switch is connected to the circuit board, the circuit board is provided with a wiring socket, and the housing is provided with an outlet hole corresponding to the wiring socket. An independent circuit board is arranged inside the automatic leveling device, so that the control of the light sensing switch and the control of the electromagnetic assembly are facilitated, the wiring of the 3D printer is simplified, and the working reliability of the automatic leveling device is improved.

In some specific embodiments, a positioning column is disposed on an inner side wall of the housing, and a positioning hole matched with the positioning column is disposed on the circuit board. The installation stability of the circuit board is ensured, and the stability of the photoelectric switch is improved, so that the working reliability of the automatic leveling device is ensured.

The utility model also discloses a 3D printer, include: a showerhead assembly; the self-leveling device as described above, wherein the self-leveling device is mounted on the showerhead assembly. This 3D printer is through using the preamble automatic leveling device detects the point location of print platform different positions, obtains the high data of multiple spot on the print platform, can use software to calculate the inclination angle data of the relative shower nozzle of plane (being the print platform plane) that comprises these point locations (promptly), compensates this inclination from software, realizes that the shower nozzle is in parallel state relative print platform, realizes the purpose of print platform leveling to ensure the printing precision of 3D printer.

The utility model discloses an automatic leveling device and 3D printer's beneficial effect does: in the actual leveling process, an electromagnetic assembly is adopted to drive a probe assembly to move up and down, the upper end of the probe assembly is inserted into or separated from a photosensitive groove to control the on-off of a photoelectric signal of a photoelectric switch, a signal of the probe assembly contacting a platform is obtained, after multiple leveling operations, the height data of multiple points on a printing platform can be obtained, the inclination angle data of a plane (namely the printing platform plane) formed by the points relative to a nozzle can be calculated by software, the inclination angle is compensated by the software, the nozzle is in a parallel state relative to the printing platform, and the purpose of leveling the printing platform is achieved.

Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an automatic leveling device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is an exploded schematic view of an automatic leveling device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a retracted structure of a probe assembly of the automatic leveling device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the automatic leveling device according to the first embodiment of the present invention, in which the probe assembly is extended.

Reference numerals:

1. a housing; 11. a front housing; 111. a clamping hole; 112. a wire outlet hole; 12. a rear housing; 121. clamping convex;

2. a photoelectric switch; 21. a photosensitive groove;

3. an electromagnetic assembly; 31. a mounting member; 311. mounting grooves; 32. a coil; 33. an electromagnetic housing; 331. an annular convex plate; 332. positioning a groove; 333. a stop convex ring;

4. a probe assembly; 41. connecting columns; 42. a probe head; 421. a probe section; 4211. a protrusion; 422. a connecting portion; 5. an elastic member;

6. a circuit board; 61. positioning holes; 62. a wiring socket.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical problem solved by the present invention, the technical solution adopted by the present invention and the technical effect achieved by the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be further explained by combining the drawings and by means of the specific implementation manner.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

The first embodiment is as follows:

an automatic leveling device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to fig. 1 to 4.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the automatic leveling device of the present invention includes a housing 1, an optoelectronic switch 2, an electromagnetic assembly 3, a probe assembly 4, and an elastic member 5. Casing 1 is connected on the shower nozzle subassembly of 3D printer, photoelectric switch 2 establishes in casing 1, photoelectric switch 2 has photosensitive groove 21, electromagnetic component 3 establishes in casing 1, electromagnetic component 3 has the slide opening, probe assembly 4 slidable ground cooperation is in the slide opening, and the one end cooperation of probe assembly 4 is in photosensitive groove 21, electromagnetic component 3 can drive probe assembly 4 motion to make the one end of probe assembly 4 cooperation in photosensitive groove 21 break away from photosensitive groove 21.

When the leveling is started, a large current is introduced towards the electromagnetic assembly 3, a magnetic field is generated due to the magnetic effect of the current, the probe assembly 4 overcomes the pushing force of the elastic piece 5 under the attraction of the magnetic force and moves downwards, the lower end of the probe assembly 4 extends out, and after the probe assembly 4 extends out completely, the electrified voltage and the current of the electromagnetic assembly 3 are reduced. Because the energizing voltage and the current of the electromagnetic component 3 are relatively small, the generated magnetic field is relatively weak, the acting force on the probe component 4 is relatively small, the lower end of the probe component 4 can be induced to the printing platform by the small pressure, and therefore the leveling precision of the automatic leveling device can be improved. In the process of moving the probe assembly 4 downwards, the upper end of the probe assembly 4 is separated from the photosensitive groove 21 of the photoelectric switch 2, the photoelectric switch 2 is conducted by signals, the nozzle assembly of the whole 3D printer is controlled to move downwards, the nozzle assembly drives the whole automatic leveling device to move downwards, when the lower end of the probe assembly 4 is in contact with a printing platform, the probe assembly 4 is pushed upwards to float upwards for a certain distance, at the moment, the upper end of the probe assembly 4 can enter the photosensitive groove 21 of the photoelectric switch 2 and shield light signals, the circuit board 6 reads a disconnection signal of the photoelectric switch 2, the nozzle assembly stops moving downwards, the height data of the current nozzle assembly is transmitted to a control mainboard of the 3D printer, then the electromagnetic assembly 3 is powered off, the probe assembly 4 is retracted and restored to the original state under the pushing force of the elastic piece 5, and the leveling work of one point position is finished, and then leveling work of the next point position is carried out. In the actual leveling process, leveling operation of at least three point positions is required.

According to the automatic leveling device, the electromagnetic component 3 is adopted to drive the probe component 4 to move up and down, the upper end of the probe component 4 is inserted into or separated from the photosensitive groove 21 to control the on-off of a photoelectric signal of the photoelectric switch 2, and therefore a signal of a contact platform of the probe component 4 is obtained.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the housing 1 includes a front shell 11 and a rear shell 12, four fastening holes 111 are provided on a front side wall of the front shell 11, an outlet hole 112 is provided on a top wall, four positioning pillars are provided on an inner side of the front shell 11, the four fastening holes 111 are divided into two groups, two fastening holes 111 of each group are spaced in an up-down direction, and the two groups of fastening holes 111 are respectively located on a left side and a right side of the front side wall of the front shell 11. Four locking protrusions 121 are provided on the rear case 12, and each locking protrusion 121 can be fitted into one locking hole 111. The detachable structure adopting the clamping hole 111 and the clamping protrusion 121 to be matched has the advantages that the structure is simple, the production and the manufacture of the front shell 11 and the rear shell 12 are facilitated, the installation and the disassembly of the front shell 11 and the rear shell 12 are facilitated, and the assembly and the maintenance of the whole automatic leveling device are facilitated. Four positioning holes 61 and wiring sockets 62 are arranged on the circuit board 6, each positioning hole 61 is connected with one positioning column, and each wiring socket 62 is arranged corresponding to the corresponding wire outlet 112.

If not set up circuit board 6 among the automatic leveling device of this embodiment, photoelectric switch 2 and electromagnetic component 3 all connect on the control mainboard of whole 3D printer through the wire, not only can cause the wiring of whole 3D printer comparatively complicated like this, still can reduce automatic leveling device's operational reliability. And set up a circuit board 6 alone in the automatic leveling device of this embodiment, made things convenient for the control of light sense switch and electromagnetic component 3's control, in the installation, only need a data line can link to each other circuit board 6 and 3D printer's control mainboard can, so can simplify the wiring of 3D printer, can promote automatic leveling device's operational reliability again.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 3 to 4, the solenoid assembly 3 includes a mounting member 31, a coil 32, and a solenoid housing 33, the mounting member 31 has a mounting groove 311 extending along a circumferential direction thereof, the coil 32 is fitted in the mounting groove 311, the solenoid housing 33 is fitted over the mounting member 31 to close the mounting groove 311, an annular protruding plate 331 is provided at one end of the solenoid housing 33, the annular protruding plate 331 is spaced apart from an inner circumferential wall of the solenoid housing 33 to define a positioning groove 332, and one end of the mounting member 31 is inserted into the positioning groove 332. The connection stability and the connection leakproofness of installing part 31 and electromagnetism shell 33 can be guaranteed to the constant head tank 332 that the installed part 31 inserted on electromagnetism shell 33 to guarantee better that coil 32 is in a relative sealed space, avoided the pollution of outside filth to coil 32, guaranteed that coil 32 can be stable and reliable work. The inner side wall of the annular convex plate 331 is provided with a stop convex ring 333, and one end of the elastic element 5 is stopped on the stop convex ring 333. The stability of the elastic part 5 is ensured, and the phenomenon that the elastic part 5 is bent in the process that the electromagnetic assembly 3 drives the probe assembly 4 to move is avoided, so that the stable movement of the probe assembly 4 is ensured. The electromagnetic assembly 3 of this embodiment forms into the cylindricality electro-magnet structure, has simplified the structure of electromagnetic assembly 3 on the one hand, reduces the volume of electromagnetic assembly 3, and on the other hand has promoted the magnetic field intensity when the electromagnetic assembly 3 circular telegram to ensure that the electromagnetic assembly 3 can drive the motion of probe subassembly 4 steadily.

Preferably, the electromagnetic shell 33 is a metal shell, and the metal shell can form an electromagnetic shielding layer to prevent external electromagnetic signals from interfering with the coil 32.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the probe assembly 4 includes a connection column 41 and a probe head 42, one end of the connection column 41 is fitted in the photosensitive slot 21, the other end is fitted in the slide hole, one end of the probe head 42 is connected to the connection column 41 through a screw, the other end extends out of the slide hole, the elastic member 5 is sleeved on the probe head 42, one end of the elastic member 5 abuts against the connection column 41, and the other end abuts against an inner end face of the slide hole. In actual assembly process, earlier coil 32 twines on installed part 31, electromagnetism shell 33 wraps up coil 32, and be in the same place installed part 31 and electromagnetism shell 33 riveting, then with elastic component 5 from the top down put into the slide opening, then with spliced pole 41 from the top down insert the slide opening, make the lower extreme of spliced pole 41 compress tightly the upper end of elastic component 5, the lower extreme of elastic component 5 compresses tightly the bottom terminal surface of slide opening, insert in the slide opening from the top down with probe head 42 again, rotatory probe head 42, make the upper end screw thread of probe head 42 link together with spliced pole 41, accomplish the installation of electromagnetism subassembly 3 and probe subassembly 4. According to the assembling mode, on one hand, the installation stability of the elastic piece 5 and the whole probe assembly 4 is guaranteed, so that the probe assembly 4 can move under the action of the electromagnetic assembly 3 or the elastic piece 5, the leveling operation is guaranteed to be carried out smoothly, and on the other hand, the probe assembly 4 of the split structure is very convenient to install, and the assembling efficiency of the whole automatic leveling device is improved.

Further, the probe head 42 includes a probe head portion 421 and a connecting portion 422, the probe head portion 421 has a protrusion 4211 extending along a circumferential direction thereof, a diameter of the protrusion 4211 is larger than a diameter of the sliding hole, one end of the connecting portion 422 is connected with the probe head portion 421, the other end is connected with the connecting column 41, and the elastic member 5 is sleeved on the connecting portion 422. The diameter of the boss 4211 is larger than that of the slide hole, so that the probe head 421 is prevented from being completely retracted into the slide hole, and the working reliability of the probe head 42 is ensured. Optionally, the probe head 42 is made of soft magnetic metal, which ensures that the coil 32 is powered to stably drive the probe head 42 to move, thereby ensuring that the probe head 42 can stably contact with the printing platform for leveling.

Example two:

the utility model also discloses a 3D printer, this 3D printer include the automatic leveling device in shower nozzle subassembly and the foreland, and the automatic leveling device is installed on the shower nozzle subassembly. This 3D printer detects the point location of print platform different positions through using the auto leveling device, obtains the Z axle height data of multiple spot, can use software to calculate the inclination angle data of the relative shower nozzle of plane (being the print platform plane) that comprises these point locations, compensates this inclination from software, realizes that the relative print platform of shower nozzle is in parallel state, realizes the purpose of print platform leveling to ensure the printing precision of 3D printer.

In the description herein, references to the description of "some embodiments," "other embodiments," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, there are variations on the detailed description and the application scope according to the idea of the present invention, and the content of the description should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. An automatic leveling device, comprising:

a photoelectric switch (2) having a photosensitive groove (21);

an electromagnetic assembly (3) having a slide hole;

a probe assembly (4) which is slidably matched in the slide hole, and one end of the probe assembly (4) is matched in the photosensitive groove (21);

the elastic piece (5) is sleeved on the probe assembly (4);

wherein the electromagnetic assembly (3) can drive the probe assembly (4) to move so as to enable one end of the probe assembly (4) which is matched in the photosensitive groove (21) to be separated from the photosensitive groove (21);

the elastic piece (5) is used for driving the probe assembly (4) to move so that the probe assembly (4) separated from the photosensitive groove (21) is inserted into the photosensitive groove (21).

2. The self-leveling device according to claim 1, wherein the probe assembly (4) comprises:

one end of the connecting column (41) is matched in the photosensitive groove (21), and the other end of the connecting column is matched in the sliding hole;

a probe head (42), one end of which is connected with the connecting column (41), and the other end of which extends out of the sliding hole;

wherein: the elastic piece (5) is sleeved on the probe head (42), one end of the elastic piece (5) is abutted against the connecting column (41), and the other end of the elastic piece is abutted against the inner end face of the sliding hole.

3. The self-leveling device according to claim 2, wherein the probe head (42) comprises:

a probe portion (421) having a boss (4211) extending in a circumferential direction thereof, the boss (4211) having a diameter larger than that of the slide hole;

one end of the connecting part (422) is connected with the probe part (421), the other end of the connecting part is connected with the connecting column (41), and the elastic part (5) is sleeved on the connecting part (422).

4. The automatic leveling device according to claim 1, wherein the electromagnetic assembly (3) comprises:

a mounting member (31) having a mounting groove (311) extending in a circumferential direction thereof;

the coil (32) is installed in the installation groove (311) in a matching mode;

the electromagnetic shell (33) is sleeved on the mounting piece (31) to seal the mounting groove (311).

5. The automatic leveling device according to claim 4, wherein an annular protruding plate (331) is provided at one end of the electromagnetic housing (33), the annular protruding plate (331) is spaced apart from an inner peripheral wall of the electromagnetic housing (33) to define a positioning groove (332), and one end of the mounting member (31) is inserted into the positioning groove (332).

6. The automatic leveling device according to claim 5, wherein an abutting convex ring (333) is arranged on the inner side wall of the annular convex plate (331), and one end of the elastic member (5) abuts against the abutting convex ring (333).

7. The automatic leveling device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising a housing (1) connected to a nozzle assembly of a 3D printer, wherein the photoelectric switch (2) and the electromagnetic assembly (3) are both disposed in the housing, the housing (1) comprises a front shell (11) and a rear shell (12), one of the front shell (11) and the rear shell (12) is provided with a clamping protrusion (121), and the other is provided with a clamping hole (111) matched with the clamping protrusion (121).

8. The automatic leveling device according to claim 7, further comprising a circuit board (6), wherein the optoelectronic switch (2) is connected to the circuit board (6), the circuit board (6) is provided with a wiring socket (62), and the housing (1) is provided with an outlet hole (112) corresponding to the wiring socket (62).

9. The automatic leveling device according to claim 8, wherein a positioning column is arranged on the inner side wall of the housing (1), and a positioning hole (61) matched with the positioning column is arranged on the circuit board (6).

10. A3D printer, comprising:

a showerhead assembly;

the self-leveling device as in any one of claims 1-9 mounted on the spray head assembly.

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