CN214354215U

CN214354215U - Three-nozzle five-degree-of-freedom 3D printer

Info

Publication number: CN214354215U
Application number: CN202120113115.7U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈继飞; 赵钱孙; 冯韬; 吴桂峰; 宋鹏辉
Original assignee: Southwest Forestry University
Current assignee: Southwest Forestry University
Priority date: 2021-01-15
Filing date: 2021-01-15
Publication date: 2021-10-08
Anticipated expiration: 2031-01-15

Abstract

The utility model discloses a five degree of freedom 3D printers of three shower nozzles belongs to multi freedom 3D and prints technical field, and it includes: the printing device comprises a printing nozzle mechanism, an XYZ-axis movement mechanism for installing the printing nozzle mechanism, and a turnover printing platform arranged below the XYZ-axis movement mechanism. The printing spray head mechanism is used for switching three printing spray heads arranged on the spray head bracket through the first screw rod nut mechanism. The utility model discloses can freely switch three printing shower nozzle, improve and print efficiency, and add the possibility that different printing materials printed simultaneously. And the printing platform can be overturned around the X axis and the Y axis at a certain angle through the three-branch parallel mechanism, so that the degree of freedom of the printer is improved, the supporting bracket which needs to be printed in advance when parts on the inclined structure are printed is reduced, and the waste of materials is reduced.

Description

Three-nozzle five-degree-of-freedom 3D printer

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of multi freedom 3D prints, concretely relates to five degree of freedom 3D printers of three shower nozzles.

Background

3D printing (3 DP), a technique for constructing objects by layer-by-layer printing using bondable materials such as powdered metals or plastics based on digital model files, is one of the rapid prototyping techniques, also known as additive manufacturing. The existing 3D printer generally only has three degrees of freedom, and a large number of supports are usually required to be printed in advance to serve as supports when parts on an inclined structure are printed, so that material waste is caused. Meanwhile, only one spray head is generally arranged in the traditional printing equipment, and complicated parts can be completed by materials with various colors or materials, so that the printing efficiency can be improved by increasing the number of the spray heads, and the printing diversity can be increased. By designing the printing system combining multiple spray heads and multiple degrees of freedom, the problem of the defects of the traditional printing system can be solved, and the printing system has great development and popularization values.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims at providing a five degree of freedom 3D printers of three shower nozzles makes print platform can carry out the upset around X axle and Y axle of certain angle through three branches parallel mechanism, improves the printer degree of freedom, reduces the support that needs print in advance when printing the part on the inclined structure, and it is extravagant to reduce. And the three printing nozzles are freely switched by the printing nozzle mechanism, so that the printing efficiency is improved, and the possibility of printing different printing materials simultaneously is increased.

In order to solve the above problem, an aspect of the utility model provides a three shower nozzles five degrees of freedom 3D printer, include: the printing device comprises a printing nozzle mechanism, an XYZ-axis movement mechanism for installing the printing nozzle mechanism, and a turnover printing platform arranged below the XYZ-axis movement mechanism. The printing nozzle mechanism comprises a nozzle bracket, three printing nozzles, a nozzle switching motor and a nozzle switching gear set, wherein the three printing nozzles, the nozzle switching motor and the nozzle switching gear set are arranged on the nozzle bracket through a first screw rod nut mechanism; the nozzle switching gear set comprises a driving gear connected with an output shaft of the nozzle switching motor through a telescopic shaft, an electromagnet device arranged on the driving gear and used for switching the axial position of the driving gear, a first switching gear meshed with the driving gear, a second switching gear meshed with the driving gear through a reversing gear, and a third switching gear meshed with the driving gear after the axial position is switched; and the screw rods connected with the three printing nozzles are respectively connected with the shafts of the first to third switching gears.

The technical scheme is that the nozzle switching gear set is arranged on the gear box, and gears and shafts in the nozzle switching gear set are made of nonmagnetic materials; an output shaft of the spray head switching motor is connected with the driving gear shaft through a telescopic shaft and is matched with the driving gear shaft through a spline; the electromagnet device comprises an electromagnet arranged on the driving gear and a magnet arranged in the gear box.

Still further technical solution is that the turnover printing platform comprises: the printing device comprises a printing base, a printing flat plate arranged on the printing base through a ball cage type universal supporting rod, and a three-branch parallel mechanism arranged between the printing base and the printing flat plate and used for driving the printing flat plate to incline.

The further technical proposal is that three groups of three-branch parallel mechanisms are uniformly distributed at an angle of 120 degrees; each group of three-branch parallel mechanism comprises an overturning motor arranged on the printing base, a bevel gear set is arranged at the output end of the overturning motor, a driven wheel of the bevel gear set is provided with a second lead screw nut mechanism, and a lead screw of the second lead screw nut mechanism is arranged on the printing flat plate through a cross universal joint.

The further technical scheme is that the turnover motor is vertically arranged, and the crossing angle of the bevel gear sets is 45 degrees.

According to a further technical scheme, the XYZ-axis movement mechanism comprises an external frame, a cross-axis mechanism and a third screw rod mechanism, a Z-axis guide rod is arranged on the external frame, the cross-axis mechanism is arranged on the Z-axis guide rod and is driven to move along the Z-axis direction by the third screw rod mechanism, and the spray head support is arranged on the cross-axis mechanism and can move along the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction.

The utility model discloses a principle is elucidated: the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis movement of the printing nozzle is realized through the XYZ-axis movement mechanism, the printing platform is turned around the X-axis and the Y-axis at a certain angle through the turning printing platform, and five free movements of the printer are realized. The driving gear can drive the first switching gear to rotate when rotating, and drive the second switching gear to rotate reversely, so that the two lead screws connected with the printing nozzles rotate simultaneously and the rotating directions are opposite, namely, the up-and-down movement directions of the two printing nozzles are opposite. When a third printing nozzle needs to be used, the position of the printing nozzle controlled by the rotation of the first switching gear and the second switching gear is adjusted to the middle position, the axial position of the driving gear is switched by the electromagnet device to enable the driving gear to be meshed with the third switching gear, and the nozzle switching motor is started to enable the third printing nozzle to stretch out for use.

The above technical scheme of the utility model has following profitable technological effect:

(1) and the three printing nozzles are freely switched by the printing nozzle mechanism, so that the printing efficiency is improved, and the possibility of printing different printing materials simultaneously is increased.

(2) The printing platform can be overturned around the X axis and the Y axis at a certain angle through the three-branch parallel mechanism, the degree of freedom of the printer is improved, the supporting bracket which needs to be printed in advance when parts on the inclined structure are printed is reduced, and the waste of materials is reduced.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view according to the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of an XYZ shaft motion mechanism according to the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the XYZ shaft motion mechanism according to the present invention with the housing removed;

fig. 4 shows a schematic structural view of a print head mechanism according to the present invention;

fig. 5 shows a schematic structural view of a print head mechanism gear set according to the present invention;

fig. 6 shows a schematic structural view of a roll-over printing platform according to the present invention;

fig. 7 shows a schematic structural view of a three-branch parallel mechanism according to the present invention;

fig. 8 shows an installation schematic of the driven bevel gear set of the three-branch parallel mechanism according to the present invention.

Reference numerals:

1-printing nozzle mechanism, 2-XYZ axis motion mechanism, 3-turnover printing platform, 4-three-branch parallel mechanism,

10-spray head bracket, 11-first screw rod nut mechanism, 12-printing spray head, 13-spray head switching motor, 14-spray head switching gear set, 15-telescopic shaft, 16-electromagnet device, 21-external frame, 22-cross shaft mechanism, 23-third screw rod mechanism, 24-Z shaft guide rod, 25-Z shaft slide block, 31-printing base, 32-ball cage type universal support rod, 33-printing flat plate, 140-driving gear, 141-first switching gear, 142-second switching gear, 143-third switching gear, 41-overturning motor, 42-bevel gear set, 43-second screw rod nut mechanism, 44-cross shaft universal joint, 45-gear bracket, driving gear of 45-bevel gear set, driven gear of 422-bevel gear set, 421-driven gear of, 431-a screw rod of a second screw rod nut mechanism, 432-a ball nut, 221-a sliding guide rod, 222-a sliding sleeve, 223-an X-axis guide rail, 224-a Y-axis guide rail and 225-a moving slide block.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the description is intended to be illustrative only and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Moreover, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the concepts of the present invention.

A three-nozzle five-degree-of-freedom 3D printer, as shown in fig. 1, comprising: the printing device comprises a printing nozzle mechanism 1, an XYZ axis movement mechanism 2 for installing the printing nozzle mechanism 1, and an overturning printing platform 3 arranged below the XYZ axis movement mechanism 2. As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the XYZ-axis motion mechanism 2 includes an outer frame 21, a cross mechanism 22, a third screw mechanism 23, and a Z-axis guide 24. The cross-shaft mechanism 22 includes two sets of sliding guides 221 perpendicular to each other, and a sliding sleeve 222, an X-axis guide rail 223 and a Y-axis guide rail 224 through which the two sets of sliding guides 221 simultaneously pass, and the two sets of sliding guides 221 are respectively mounted on the X-axis guide rail 223 and the Y-axis guide rail 224 through a moving slider 225. Four Z-axis sliders 25 of the X-axis guide rail 223 and the Y-axis guide rail 224 are mounted at four intersections of the X-axis guide rail 223 and the Y-axis guide rail 224, and the four Z-axis sliders 25 are respectively connected with the lead screw of the third lead screw mechanism 23 and the Z-axis guide rod 24 in a sliding manner or in a threaded manner as shown in FIG. 3. The motor of the third screw mechanism 23 is provided on the outer frame 21, and the movement of the cross mechanism 22 in the Z-axis direction is driven by driving the screw of the third screw mechanism 23 to rotate. The nozzle holder 10 is mounted on a sliding sleeve 222 of the cross-shaft mechanism 22 and can move in the directions of the X-axis and the Y-axis. A micro motor is arranged in the movable sliding block 225, a movable wheel matched with the X-axis guide rail 223 or the Y-axis guide rail 224 is arranged at the output end of the micro motor, and the micro motor is connected with a set power supply through a lead. The head holder 10 can be driven to move in three directions of XYZ by controlling the motor of the third screw mechanism 23 and the micro motor in the moving slider 225, so that the printer has three degrees of freedom.

As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the print head mechanism 1 includes a head holder 10, three print heads 12 mounted on the head holder 10 through a lead screw and nut mechanism, a head switching motor 13, and a head switching gear set 14; the nozzle switching gear set 14 comprises a driving gear 140 connected with the output shaft of the nozzle switching motor 13 through a telescopic shaft 15, an electromagnet device 16 arranged on the driving gear 140 and used for switching the axial position of the driving gear 140, a first switching gear 141 meshed with the driving gear 140, a second switching gear 142 meshed with the driving gear 140 through a reversing gear, and a third switching gear 143 meshed with the driving gear 140 after the axial position is switched; the lead screws connected to the three printing heads 12 are connected to the shafts of the first to third switching gears 143, respectively. The nozzle switching gear set 14 is arranged on the gear box, and gears and shafts in the nozzle switching gear set 14 are made of nonmagnetic materials; the output shaft of the spray head switching motor 13 is connected with the driving gear 140 shaft through a telescopic shaft 15 and is matched with the driving gear 140 shaft through a spline; the electromagnet device 16 includes an electromagnet provided on the pinion gear 140 and a magnet provided in the gear box. When the driving gear 140 rotates, the first switching gear 141 can be driven to rotate, and the second switching gear 142 is driven to rotate reversely, so that the two lead screws connected with the printing nozzles 12 rotate simultaneously and the rotating directions are opposite, that is, the up-and-down moving directions of the two printing nozzles 12 are opposite. When the third print head 12 needs to be used, the first switching gear 141 rotates and the print head 12 controlled by the second switching gear 142 is adjusted to the middle position, the axial position of the driving gear 140 is switched by the electromagnet device 16 to enable the driving gear 140 to be meshed with the third switching gear 143, and the head switching motor 13 is started, so that the third print head 12 can be extended out for use. The three printing nozzles 12 can be freely switched by controlling the nozzle switching motor 13 and the electromagnetic mechanism, so that the printing efficiency is improved, and the possibility of printing different printing materials simultaneously is increased.

As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the reverse printing platform 3 includes: the printing device comprises a printing base 31, a printing flat plate 33 which is arranged on the printing base 31 through a ball-cage type universal support rod 32, and a three-branch parallel mechanism 4 which is arranged between the printing base 31 and the printing flat plate 33 and is used for driving the printing flat plate 33 to incline. Three groups of three-branch parallel mechanisms 4 are uniformly distributed at an angle of 120 degrees; each set of three-branch parallel mechanism 4 includes an overturning motor 41 installed on the printing base 31, the output end of the overturning motor 41 is installed with a driving wheel 421 of a bevel gear set 42, a driven wheel 422 of the bevel gear set 42 is installed with a second lead screw and nut mechanism 43, and a lead screw 431 of the second lead screw and nut mechanism is installed on the printing flat plate 33 through a cross universal joint 44. The second lead screw-nut mechanism 43 is a ball lead screw-nut mechanism, as shown in fig. 8, the ball nut 432 of the second lead screw-nut mechanism 43 is integrally formed with the driven wheel 422 of the bevel gear set 42, and is mounted on the gear bracket 45 through a bearing, and the gear bracket 45 is an inclined hard plate. Wherein the turnover motor 41 is vertically arranged, and the crossing angle of the bevel gear group 42 is 45 degrees. When the reversing motor 41 is started to drive the driving wheel 421 of the bevel gear set 42 to rotate during use, the driven gear 422 of the bevel gear set 42 moves the lead screw 431 of the second lead screw-nut mechanism in the axial direction when rotating, so that the printing flat plate 33 is pulled to reverse through the universal joint 44. Install the printing flat board on printing the base through rzeppa universal branch and overturn under the control of three-branch parallel mechanism 4, also supported by rzeppa universal branch simultaneously, increased the stability of printing the flat board. The overturning motor 41 and the bevel gear group 42 are directly placed on the bottom surface, so that the gravity center of the 3D printer can be lowered, and the influence of vibration on printing precision when the overturning motor 41 runs can be reduced. The arrangement of the structure can reduce the lateral force borne by the lead screw of the lead screw nut mechanism, and can effectively avoid lead screw deformation caused by long-time stress, thereby causing the printing precision to be influenced.

It is to be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely illustrative of or explaining the principles of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Therefore, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Further, it is intended that the appended claims cover all such variations and modifications as fall within the scope and boundaries of the appended claims or the equivalents of such scope and boundaries.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a three shower nozzles five degrees of freedom 3D printer which characterized in that includes: the printing device comprises a printing nozzle mechanism (1), an XYZ-axis movement mechanism (2) for installing the printing nozzle mechanism (1), and a turnover printing platform (3) arranged below the XYZ-axis movement mechanism (2);

the printing nozzle mechanism (1) comprises a nozzle support (10), three printing nozzles (12), a nozzle switching motor (13) and a nozzle switching gear set (14), wherein the three printing nozzles (12), the nozzle switching motor and the nozzle switching gear set are arranged on the nozzle support (10) through a first screw rod nut mechanism (11); the spray head switching gear set (14) comprises a driving gear (140) connected with an output shaft of a spray head switching motor (13) through a telescopic shaft (15), an electromagnet device (16) arranged on the driving gear (140) and used for switching the axial position of the driving gear (140), a first switching gear (141) meshed with the driving gear (140), a second switching gear (142) meshed with the driving gear (140) through a reversing gear, and a third switching gear (143) meshed with the driving gear (140) after the axial position is switched; and the screw rods connected with the three printing nozzles (12) are respectively connected with the shafts of the first switching gear, the second switching gear and the third switching gear.

2. The three-nozzle five-degree-of-freedom 3D printer according to claim 1, wherein the nozzle switching gear set (14) is mounted on a gear box, and gears and shafts in the nozzle switching gear set (14) are made of non-magnetic materials; an output shaft of the spray head switching motor (13) is connected with a driving gear (140) shaft through a telescopic shaft (15) and is matched with the driving gear through a spline; the electromagnet device (16) comprises an electromagnet arranged on the driving gear (140) and a magnet arranged in the gear box.

3. The three-nozzle, five-degree-of-freedom 3D printer according to claim 1, wherein the flipping printing platform (3) comprises: the printing device comprises a printing base (31), a printing flat plate (33) arranged on the printing base (31) through a ball-cage type universal support rod (32), and a three-branch parallel mechanism (4) arranged between the printing base (31) and the printing flat plate (33) and used for driving the printing flat plate (33) to incline.

4. The three-nozzle five-degree-of-freedom 3D printer according to claim 3, wherein three groups of the three-branch parallel mechanism (4) are uniformly distributed at an angle of 120 degrees; each group of three-branch parallel mechanism (4) comprises an overturning motor (41) arranged on the printing base (31), a bevel gear set (42) is arranged at the output end of the overturning motor (41), a driven wheel (422) of the bevel gear set (42) is provided with a second lead screw and nut mechanism (43), and a lead screw (431) of the second lead screw and nut mechanism is arranged on the printing flat plate (33) through a universal joint (44).

5. The three-nozzle five-degree-of-freedom 3D printer according to claim 4, wherein the turnover motor (41) is vertically arranged, and the crossing angle of the bevel gear set (42) is 45 degrees.

6. The three-nozzle five-degree-of-freedom 3D printer according to claim 1, wherein the XYZ-axis movement mechanism (2) comprises an outer frame (21), a cross-axis mechanism (22) and a third screw mechanism (23), a Z-axis guide rod (24) is arranged on the outer frame (21), the cross-axis mechanism (22) is installed on the Z-axis guide rod (24), the third screw mechanism (23) drives the cross-axis mechanism (22) to move along the Z-axis direction, and the nozzle support (10) is installed on the cross-axis mechanism (22) and can move along the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction.