CN214338185U - Plasma torch device based on double cathodes - Google Patents
Plasma torch device based on double cathodes Download PDFInfo
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- CN214338185U CN214338185U CN202120354546.2U CN202120354546U CN214338185U CN 214338185 U CN214338185 U CN 214338185U CN 202120354546 U CN202120354546 U CN 202120354546U CN 214338185 U CN214338185 U CN 214338185U
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- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 102
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 70
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002920 hazardous waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a plasma torch device based on double cathodes, which comprises a rod-shaped cathode loop component, a protective gas inlet component, a cup-shaped cathode loop component, a working gas inlet component and an anode loop component; the rod-shaped cathode loop assembly is embedded in the shielding gas inlet assembly, the shielding gas inlet assembly is embedded in the cup-shaped cathode loop assembly, the cup-shaped cathode loop assembly is embedded in the working gas inlet assembly in a sleeved mode, and the working gas inlet assembly is embedded in the anode loop assembly. The utility model relates to a plasma torch device based on double cathode can increase plasma torch's life.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of direct current arc plasma torch, concretely relates to plasma torch device based on double cathode.
Background
The plasma torch is a plasma device capable of generating and stably maintaining the temperature of 3000-30000K, and has wide application prospects in the fields of metallurgy, material surface treatment, welding/cutting, solid waste/hazardous waste treatment and the like. In the field of dc arc plasma torches that are widely used, they can be classified into axial plasma torches and coaxial plasma torches. The axial plasma torch is further classified into an axial plasma torch having a center electrode and an axial plasma torch having a cup-shaped electrode. The axial plasma torch having the center electrode can obtain a high arc voltage, can obtain a high generator power at a small current, can improve the electrode life, and can easily obtain a flat or rising current-voltage characteristic of the plasma arc. The axial plasma torch with the cup-shaped electrode can use air and the like as plasma medium, has high power and can easily reach megawatt level.
The direct reason for restricting the widespread use of arc plasma torches in the fly ash fusion industry is the lifetime problem, with axial torches with center electrodes generally having a lifetime of 500 hours and axial torches with cup electrodes generally having a lifetime of 300 hours. At present, researchers generally adopt the methods of changing electrode materials, optimizing electrode heat transfer methods, applying magnetic fields and the like to improve the service life of an electrode, but even if the methods are adopted, the service life of a plasma torch is not greatly improved. For fly ash melting, the method is divided into a temperature rise stage and a heat preservation stage, the corresponding requirements on the voltage, the current and the like of a plasma torch are changed, and the voltage and the current of an axial plasma torch with a central electrode are higher and lower, so that the method is suitable for the heat preservation stage; the axial plasma torch with the cup-shaped electrode has higher current and lower voltage and is suitable for the temperature rise stage. Whatever plasma torch is used, the plasma torch needs to be adjusted correspondingly at different stages of fly ash melting, so that the plasma torch works in a non-optimal state, and the service life of the plasma torch is further shortened.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at providing a plasma torch device based on double cathode can increase plasma torch's life.
The technical scheme adopted by the utility model is that the plasma torch device based on the double cathodes comprises a rod-shaped cathode loop component, a protective gas inlet component, a cup-shaped cathode loop component, a working gas inlet component and an anode loop component; the rod-shaped cathode loop assembly is embedded in the shielding gas inlet assembly, the shielding gas inlet assembly is embedded in the cup-shaped cathode loop assembly, the cup-shaped cathode loop assembly is embedded in the working gas inlet assembly in a sleeved mode, and the working gas inlet assembly is embedded in the anode loop assembly.
The utility model is also characterized in that,
the anode loop component comprises an anode cooling water inlet channel, an anode cooling water return channel, an anode and an anode external electromagnetic coil; the anode cooling water return channel is coaxially sleeved outside the anode cooling water inlet channel, an opening at one end of the anode cooling water inlet channel is communicated with the end part of the anode cooling water return channel to form an anode cooling water flow loop, and the anode is arranged at one end part of the inner side of the anode cooling water inlet channel; the inside of the anode is an equal-diameter channel, and the outer wall of the anode is sleeved with an anode external electromagnetic coil; the working gas inlet assembly is coaxially embedded inside the anode cooling water inlet channel.
The working gas introducing component comprises a working gas channel and a working gas swirler; the working gas channel is coaxially embedded inside the anode cooling water inlet channel, the end part of the working gas channel is connected with a working gas swirler, and the working gas swirler is arranged close to the anode; the cup-shaped cathode circuit component is coaxially embedded inside the working gas channel.
The cup-shaped cathode loop component comprises a cup-shaped cathode cooling water inlet channel, a cup-shaped cathode cooling water return channel, a cup-shaped cathode external electromagnetic coil and a cup-shaped cathode; the cup-shaped cathode cooling water return channel is coaxially embedded inside the working gas channel, the cup-shaped cathode cooling water inlet channel is coaxially embedded inside the cup-shaped cathode cooling water return channel, an opening at one end of the cup-shaped cathode cooling water inlet channel is communicated with the end of the cup-shaped cathode cooling water return channel to form a cup-shaped cathode cooling water flow loop, and the cup-shaped cathode is arranged at one end of the inner side of the cup-shaped cathode cooling water inlet channel; the cup-shaped cathode is internally provided with an equal-diameter channel, the inner diameter of the cup-shaped cathode internal channel is smaller than that of the anode internal channel, and the cup-shaped cathode external electromagnetic coil is sleeved on the outer wall of the cup-shaped cathode; the protective gas component is coaxially embedded inside the cup-shaped cathode cooling water inlet channel.
The protective gas component comprises a protective gas channel and a protective gas swirler; the protective gas channel is coaxially embedded inside the cup-shaped cathode cooling water inlet channel, the end part of the protective gas channel is connected with a protective gas swirler, and the protective gas swirler is arranged close to the cup-shaped cathode; the rod-shaped cathode loop assembly is coaxially embedded at the inner side of the protective gas channel.
The rod-shaped cathode loop component comprises a rod-shaped cathode cooling water inlet channel, a rod-shaped cathode cooling water return channel and a rod-shaped cathode; the rod-shaped cathode cooling water backwater channel is coaxially embedded inside the protective gas channel, the rod-shaped cathode cooling water inlet channel is coaxially embedded inside the rod-shaped cathode cooling water backwater channel, the rod-shaped cathode is arranged at the end part of the rod-shaped cathode cooling water backwater channel, and an opening at one side of the rod-shaped cathode cooling water inlet channel, which is close to the rod-shaped cathode, is connected with the end part of the rod-shaped cathode cooling water backwater channel to form a rod-shaped cathode cooling water flow loop.
The utility model has the advantages that:
the utility model discloses the device provides a double-cathode plasma torch structure that adopts rodlike electrode and cup electrode combination to the actual work condition that the plasma torch life-span is too short. The arc striking electrode is positioned between the rod-shaped cathode and the cup-shaped cathode, and the air flow between the two cathodes is small during operation, so that the gap between the two cathodes is small, and the success rate of arc striking is facilitated. Plasma torch negative pole life will be less than the positive pole life far away, and this restriction that leads to plasma torch's life to receive negative pole life just, the utility model discloses well electric arc is earlier between bar-shaped negative pole and positive pole, treats bar-shaped electrode and switches to between cup negative pole and the positive pole again after reaching life, and the life-span of plasma torch is bar-shaped electrode and cup electrode's stack like this, has improved plasma torch's life-span greatly. The magnetic field is added outside the anode, and the tangential speed of the arc root is increased by the magnetic field and the tangential airflow together, so that the electrode arc root at the anode rotates, the arc root is prevented from falling at the same position, and the service life of the anode is prolonged. The magnetic field is added to the outside of the cup-shaped electrode, when the arc root falls on the rod-shaped cathode and the anode, the magnetic field plays a hoop inhibiting effect on the arc inside the cup-shaped electrode, the cup-shaped electrode is prevented from being ablated, the heat efficiency of the plasma torch is improved, when the arc root falls on the cup-shaped cathode and the cup-shaped anode, the magnetic field and tangential airflow drive the cathode arc root to rotate on the cup-shaped electrode, the arc root is prevented from falling on the same position, and the service life of the cup-shaped cathode is prolonged.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a double-cathode-based plasma torch device according to the present invention, in which a rod-shaped cathode is operated;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a cup-shaped cathode in a plasma torch device based on a double cathode according to the present invention.
In the figure, 1, a protective gas channel, 2, a rod-shaped cathode cooling water inlet channel, 3, a rod-shaped cathode cooling water return channel, 4, a cup-shaped cathode cooling water inlet channel, 5, a cup-shaped cathode cooling water return channel, 6, a working gas channel, 7, an anode cooling water inlet channel, 8, an anode cooling water return channel, 9, a rod-shaped cathode, 10, a protective gas swirler, 11, a cup-shaped cathode additional electromagnetic coil, 12, a cup-shaped cathode, 13, a working gas swirler, 14, an anode and 15, an electromagnetic coil is additionally arranged on the anode.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The utility model relates to a plasma torch device based on double cathodes, as shown in figure 1-2, comprising a rod-shaped cathode loop component, a protective gas inlet component, a cup-shaped cathode loop component, a working gas inlet component and an anode loop component; the rod-shaped cathode loop assembly is embedded in the shielding gas inlet assembly, the shielding gas inlet assembly is embedded in the cup-shaped cathode loop assembly, the cup-shaped cathode loop assembly is embedded in the working gas inlet assembly in a sleeved mode, and the working gas inlet assembly is embedded in the anode loop assembly.
The anode loop component comprises an anode cooling water inlet channel 7, an anode cooling water return channel 8, an anode 14 and an anode external electromagnetic coil 15; wherein the anode cooling water return passage 8 is coaxially sleeved outside the anode cooling water inlet passage 7, an opening at one end of the anode cooling water inlet passage 7 is communicated with the end part of the anode cooling water return passage 8 to form an anode cooling water flow loop, and the anode 14 is arranged at one end part of the inner side of the anode cooling water inlet passage 7; the inside of the anode 14 is an equal-diameter channel, the outer wall of the anode 14 is sleeved with an anode external electromagnetic coil 15, one end of the anode cooling water return channel 8, which is far away from the anode 14, is externally connected with an anode wiring terminal, and the anode external electromagnetic coil 15 is externally connected with a power supply; the working gas inlet assembly is coaxially embedded inside the anode cooling water inlet channel 7. The anode 14 is cooled by adopting a separate cooling water loop, which is beneficial to improving the cooling effect of the anode 14 and prolonging the service life of the electrode. The anode 14 helps to increase the arc tangential velocity, further improving the life of the anode 14.
The working gas introducing component comprises a working gas channel 6 and a working gas swirler 13; wherein, the working gas channel 6 is coaxially embedded inside the anode cooling water inlet channel 7, the end part of the working gas channel 6 is connected with a working gas swirler 13, and the working gas swirler 13 is arranged close to the anode 14; the cup-shaped cathode circuit assembly is coaxially fitted inside the working gas channel 6. The working gas channel 6 and the working gas cyclone 13 are made of insulating materials and jointly form a working gas inlet device, wherein the working gas cyclone 13 is provided with tangential small holes, so that the working gas is introduced into the discharge channel at a certain tangential speed. The working gas generally adopts gas with low economic value, such as air, and the like, and is used for reducing the use cost of the plasma torch.
The cup-shaped cathode loop component comprises a cup-shaped cathode cooling water inlet channel 4, a cup-shaped cathode cooling water return channel 5, a cup-shaped cathode external electromagnetic coil 11 and a cup-shaped cathode 12; the cup-shaped cathode cooling water return channel 5 is coaxially embedded inside the working gas channel 6, the cup-shaped cathode cooling water inlet channel 4 is coaxially embedded inside the cup-shaped cathode cooling water return channel 5, an opening at one end of the cup-shaped cathode cooling water inlet channel 4 is communicated with the end part of the cup-shaped cathode cooling water return channel 5 to form a cup-shaped cathode cooling water flow loop, and the cup-shaped cathode 12 is arranged at one end part of the inner side of the cup-shaped cathode cooling water inlet channel 4; an isometric channel is arranged in the cup-shaped cathode 12, the inner diameter of the internal channel of the cup-shaped cathode 12 is smaller than that of the internal channel of the anode 14, a cup-shaped cathode external electromagnetic coil 11 is sleeved on the outer wall of the cup-shaped cathode 12, one end of the cup-shaped cathode cooling water return channel 5, which is far away from the cup-shaped cathode 12, is externally connected with a cathode binding post, and the cup-shaped cathode external electromagnetic coil 11 is externally connected with a power supply; the protective gas component is coaxially embedded inside the cup-shaped cathode cooling water inlet channel 4; and the cup-shaped cathode 12 is cooled by adopting a separate cooling water loop, so that the cooling effect of the cup-shaped cathode 12 is improved, and the service life of the electrode is prolonged. The application of the magnetic field by the cup-shaped cathode and the electromagnetic coil 11 helps to increase the tangential speed of the arc or the thermal efficiency of the plasma torch, and further improves the service life of the cup-shaped electrode 12.
The protective gas component comprises a protective gas channel 1 and a protective gas swirler 10; wherein, the protective gas channel 1 is coaxially embedded inside the cup-shaped cathode cooling water inlet channel 4, the end part of the protective gas channel 1 is connected with a protective gas swirler 10, and the protective gas swirler 10 is arranged close to the cup-shaped cathode 12; the rod-shaped cathode loop assembly is coaxially embedded inside the shielding gas channel 1. The protective gas channel 1 and the protective gas cyclone 10 are made of insulating materials and jointly form a protective gas introducing device, wherein the protective gas cyclone 10 is provided with tangential small holes, so that the protective gas is introduced into the discharge channel at a certain tangential speed. The protective gas is generally nitrogen or other inert gas, and is used for prolonging the service life of the rod-shaped cathode 9.
The rod-shaped cathode loop component comprises a rod-shaped cathode cooling water inlet channel 2, a rod-shaped cathode cooling water return channel 3 and a rod-shaped cathode 9; the rod-shaped cathode cooling water backwater channel 3 is coaxially embedded inside the protective gas channel 1, the rod-shaped cathode cooling water inlet channel 2 is coaxially embedded inside the rod-shaped cathode cooling water backwater channel 3, the rod-shaped cathode 9 is arranged at the end part of the rod-shaped cathode cooling water backwater channel 3, and the rod-shaped cathode cooling water inlet channel 2 is opened at one side close to the rod-shaped cathode 9 and connected with the end part of the rod-shaped cathode cooling water backwater channel 3 to form a rod-shaped cathode cooling water flow loop; the rod-shaped electrode 9 is cooled by adopting an independent cooling water loop, so that the cooling effect of the rod-shaped electrode 9 is improved, and the service life of the electrode is prolonged; one end of the rod-shaped cathode cooling water return channel 3, which is far away from the rod-shaped cathode 9, is externally connected with a cathode binding post.
The operation of the rod-shaped cathode 9 is shown in fig. 1, and the arc root falls on the rod-shaped cathode 9 and the anode 14, and the arc voltage of the plasma torch is higher and the current is lower.
The operation of the cup cathode 12 is shown in fig. 2, where the arc root falls on the cup cathode 12 and the anode 14, and the plasma torch has a lower arc voltage and a higher current.
The inner diameter of the cup-shaped cathode arc channel is smaller than that of the anode arc channel, and the head of the anode has a radian, so that working gas can stably enter the anode arc channel.
The utility model has the advantages that:
(1) the arc striking electrode is positioned between the rod-shaped cathode and the cup-shaped cathode, and the air flow between the two cathodes is small during operation, so that the gap between the two cathodes is small, and the success rate of arc striking is facilitated. Plasma torch negative pole life will be less than the positive pole life far away, and this restriction that leads to plasma torch's life to receive negative pole life just, the utility model discloses electric arc is earlier between bar-shaped negative pole and positive pole in the device, treats bar-shaped electrode and switches to between cup negative pole and the positive pole again after reaching life, and the life-span of plasma torch is bar-shaped electrode and cup electrode's stack like this, has improved plasma torch's life-span greatly. The magnetic field is added outside the anode, and the tangential speed of the arc root is increased by the magnetic field and the tangential airflow together, so that the electrode arc root at the anode rotates, the arc root is prevented from falling at the same position, and the service life of the anode is prolonged. The magnetic field is added to the outside of the cup-shaped electrode, when the arc root falls on the rod-shaped cathode and the anode, the magnetic field plays a hoop inhibiting effect on the arc inside the cup-shaped electrode, the cup-shaped electrode is prevented from being ablated, the heat efficiency of the plasma torch is improved, when the arc root falls on the cup-shaped cathode and the cup-shaped anode, the magnetic field and tangential airflow drive the cathode arc root to rotate on the cup-shaped electrode, the arc root is prevented from falling on the same position, and the service life of the cup-shaped cathode is prolonged.
(2) The apparatus combines an axial plasma torch having a center electrode and an axial plasma torch having a cup electrode, and uses a rod electrode in a temperature-maintaining stage and a cup electrode in a temperature-increasing stage. The plasma torch can work in the optimal state, the service life of the plasma torch can be prolonged, the device is convenient to use and low in cost, and the service life of the plasma torch can be prolonged greatly.
(3) The straight arc-striking electrode is positioned between the rod-shaped cathode and the cup-shaped cathode, and the air flow between the two cathodes is small when the straight arc-striking electrode works, so that the gap between the two cathodes is small, and the success rate of arc striking is facilitated.
Claims (6)
1. A plasma torch device based on double cathodes is characterized by comprising a rod-shaped cathode loop component, a protective gas inlet component, a cup-shaped cathode loop component, a working gas inlet component and an anode loop component; the rod-shaped cathode loop assembly is embedded in the shielding gas inlet assembly, the shielding gas inlet assembly is embedded in the cup-shaped cathode loop assembly, the cup-shaped cathode loop assembly is embedded in the working gas inlet assembly in a sleeved mode, and the working gas inlet assembly is embedded in the anode loop assembly.
2. The twin cathode based plasma torch apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the anode loop assembly comprises an anode cooling water inlet channel (7), an anode cooling water return channel (8), an anode (14) and an anode plus electromagnetic coil (15); wherein the anode cooling water return channel (8) is coaxially sleeved outside the anode cooling water inlet channel (7), an opening at one end of the anode cooling water inlet channel (7) is communicated with the end part of the anode cooling water return channel (8) to form an anode cooling water flow loop, and the anode (14) is arranged at one end part of the inner side of the anode cooling water inlet channel (7); the inside of the anode (14) is an equal-diameter channel, and the outer wall of the anode (14) is sleeved with an anode additional electromagnetic coil (15); the working gas inlet assembly is coaxially embedded inside the anode cooling water inlet channel (7).
3. A twin cathode based plasma torch apparatus as in claim 2 wherein the working gas inlet assembly comprises a working gas channel (6) and a working gas swirler (13); wherein, the working gas channel (6) is coaxially embedded inside the anode cooling water inlet channel (7), the end part of the working gas channel (6) is connected with a working gas swirler (13), and the working gas swirler (13) is arranged close to the anode (14); the cup-shaped cathode circuit component is coaxially embedded inside the working gas channel (6).
4. A twin cathode based plasma torch apparatus as claimed in claim 3, wherein the cup cathode loop assembly comprises a cup cathode cooling water inlet channel (4), a cup cathode cooling water return channel (5), a cup cathode plus electromagnetic coil (11) and a cup cathode (12); the cup-shaped cathode cooling water return channel (5) is coaxially embedded inside the working gas channel (6), the cup-shaped cathode cooling water inlet channel (4) is coaxially embedded inside the cup-shaped cathode cooling water return channel (5), an opening at one end of the cup-shaped cathode cooling water inlet channel (4) is communicated with the end part of the cup-shaped cathode cooling water return channel (5) to form a cup-shaped cathode cooling water flow loop, and the cup-shaped cathode (12) is arranged at one end part of the inner side of the cup-shaped cathode cooling water inlet channel (4); the cup-shaped cathode (12) is internally provided with an equal-diameter channel, the inner diameter of the inner channel of the cup-shaped cathode (12) is smaller than that of the inner channel of the anode (14), and the outer wall of the cup-shaped cathode (12) is sleeved with a cup-shaped cathode additional electromagnetic coil (11); the shielding gas component is coaxially embedded inside the cup-shaped cathode cooling water inlet channel (4).
5. A twin cathode based plasma torch apparatus as in claim 4 wherein the shield gas assembly comprises a shield gas channel (1) and a shield gas swirler (10); the protective gas channel (1) is coaxially embedded inside the cup-shaped cathode cooling water inlet channel (4), the end part of the protective gas channel (1) is connected with a protective gas swirler (10), and the protective gas swirler (10) is arranged close to the cup-shaped cathode (12); the rod-shaped cathode loop component is coaxially embedded inside the protective gas channel (1).
6. The twin cathode based plasma torch apparatus as claimed in claim 5, wherein the rod-shaped cathode loop assembly comprises a rod-shaped cathode cooling water inlet passage (2), a rod-shaped cathode cooling water return passage (3) and a rod-shaped cathode (9); the rod-shaped cathode cooling water backwater channel (3) is coaxially embedded inside the protective gas channel (1), the rod-shaped cathode cooling water inlet channel (2) is coaxially embedded inside the rod-shaped cathode cooling water backwater channel (3), the rod-shaped cathode (9) is arranged at the end part of the rod-shaped cathode cooling water backwater channel (3), and the rod-shaped cathode cooling water inlet channel (2) is opened at one side close to the rod-shaped cathode (9) and connected with the end part of the rod-shaped cathode cooling water backwater channel (3) to form a rod-shaped cathode cooling water flow loop.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120354546.2U CN214338185U (en) | 2021-02-07 | 2021-02-07 | Plasma torch device based on double cathodes |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202120354546.2U CN214338185U (en) | 2021-02-07 | 2021-02-07 | Plasma torch device based on double cathodes |
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| CN214338185U true CN214338185U (en) | 2021-10-01 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112839421A (en) * | 2021-02-07 | 2021-05-25 | 重庆新离子环境科技有限公司 | High-power long-life double-cathode plasma torch device for fly ash fusion |
-
2021
- 2021-02-07 CN CN202120354546.2U patent/CN214338185U/en active Active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112839421A (en) * | 2021-02-07 | 2021-05-25 | 重庆新离子环境科技有限公司 | High-power long-life double-cathode plasma torch device for fly ash fusion |
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