CN214307870U - 一种氧气自增压空分装置 - Google Patents

一种氧气自增压空分装置 Download PDF

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CN214307870U
CN214307870U CN202023121442.1U CN202023121442U CN214307870U CN 214307870 U CN214307870 U CN 214307870U CN 202023121442 U CN202023121442 U CN 202023121442U CN 214307870 U CN214307870 U CN 214307870U
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张意如
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Maanshan Iron And Steel Group Green Energy Technology Development Co ltd
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Abstract

本实用新型公开了一种氧气自增压空分装置，包括采气口、采水机、滤水机、分子筛滤机和精馏塔，精馏塔包括上塔、主冷凝蒸发器以及下塔且三者依次叠加安装，第二压缩机的外侧套设有第一冷箱，纯氮管、第一氧气管和第二氧气管分别穿过第一冷箱的顶部并依次盘绕第二压缩机的外周，污染物过滤机包括出气管、进气管、过滤机构和箱体，热交换机、辅助液氧蒸发器和膨胀机外侧设置有第二冷箱，所有的管道外侧均套设有隔热泡沫层，从而将空气中的固体杂质清除，并进行初级压缩冷却，使氧气在输出成产品时温度恢复常温，不需要额外加热，增加热交换率，由过滤片将碳氢化合物再次吸收，使氧的纯度得到提升。

Description

一种氧气自增压空分装置
技术领域
本实用新型属于空气分离领域，具体涉及一种氧气自增压空分装置。
背景技术
空气分离简称“空分”，是指利用空气中各组分物理性质的不同，采用低温液化、吸附、膜分离等各种方法从空气中分离出氧气和氮气-有时还提取氦气、氩气等稀有气体的过程，用于进行空气分离的设备则称为空气分离设备或者空分设备。
空气分离设备被广泛的应用于石油、化工、建材、冶金及环保等领域；在常规的分子筛净化、增压透平膨胀机制冷的空分流程中，为获得相应氧气产品的压力，需配套相应排气压力的空压机来匹配；如果用户想提高氧气产品的压力，则需要相应提高空压机的排气压力；这样无论是投资成本还是运行成本都会相应提高。
为此，我们研发了一种利用液氧自身的液柱静压力，使氧气压力升高的氧气自增压空分装置。
实用新型内容
本实用新型的目的在于提供一种氧气自增压空分装置，可以解决现有的问题。
本实用新型的目的可以通过以下技术方案实现：
一种氧气自增压空分装置，包括采气口、采水机、滤水机、分子筛滤机和精馏塔，精馏塔包括上塔、主冷凝蒸发器以及下塔且三者依次叠加安装，主冷凝蒸发器的一侧安装有过冷机，上塔的顶部连通有污氮管，上塔的一侧与下塔的底部相连通并接收从下塔输送的液空，主冷凝蒸发器的底部和下塔的顶部均通过纯氮管与储氮罐连通，上塔和下塔连通的管道、污氮管以及纯氮管均在过冷机中进行热交换，滤水机的进水口连通有采水机的出水口，滤水机的出水口连通有冷却塔的进水口，采气口连通有吸气机，吸气机的出气口连通有粗滤机的进气口，粗滤机的出气口连通有第一压缩机的进气口，第一压缩机的出气口连通有冷却塔的进气口，冷却塔的出气口连通有分子筛滤机的第一进气口，分子筛滤机设有一对进气口和一对出气口，分子筛滤机的第二进气口通过污氮管与上塔的顶部相连通，分子筛滤机的第一出气口连通有储藏罐，分子筛滤机的第二出气口分别与辅助液氧蒸发器以及第二压缩机的输入端相连通，第二压缩机的输出端将增压后的空气经过热交换机的热交换后通过连通管道向膨胀机输送，膨胀机的输出端通过第一液空管与下塔下侧的进液口相连通，辅助液氧蒸发器的顶部通过第一氧气管与污染物过滤机的进气管相连通，污染物过滤机的出气管与储氧罐的进气口相连通，辅助液氧蒸发器的下侧通过第二液空管将换热冷却后的液空输送至下塔，辅助液氧蒸发器的底部通过第二氧气管与进气管相连通，主冷凝蒸发器通过液氧管分别与辅助液氧蒸发器的侧部进氧口以及液氧罐相连通。
优选的，第二压缩机的外侧套设有第一冷箱，纯氮管、第一氧气管和第二氧气管分别穿过第一冷箱的顶部并依次盘绕第二压缩机的外周，纯氮管、第一氧气管和第二氧气管与第一冷箱之间通过导热板相互连接，第一冷箱的箱壁内部填充有隔热泡沫，第二氧气管的端部连通在第一氧气管上，第一氧气管与进气管之间设置有电子节流阀，电子节流阀的进气口端设置有温度传感器且与电子节流阀相连接。
优选的，污染物过滤机包括出气管、进气管、过滤机构和箱体，箱体顶部的一侧连通有出气管且另一侧连通有进气管，箱体内部的上下两面均安装有若干过滤机构且过滤机构交错布置，过滤机构包括安装板和过滤片，若干安装板相互平行且均匀设置，安装板的左右两侧均和箱体固定连接，安装在箱体内部上侧的安装板的下边缘与箱体内部下侧面之间设有间隙，安装在箱体内部下侧的安装板的上边缘与箱体内部上侧面之间设有间隙，安装板上均匀安装有若干过滤片且过滤片关于安装板呈左右对称设置，过滤片之间的间隙呈S形。
优选的，热交换机、辅助液氧蒸发器和膨胀机外侧设置有第二冷箱，第二冷箱的箱壁内部填充有隔热泡沫，辅助液氧蒸发器的位置设置在第二冷箱中的下侧且辅助液氧蒸发器与下塔的中部保持水平。
优选的，所有的管道外侧均套设有隔热泡沫层，分子筛滤机与辅助液氧蒸发器的空气输入管道先经过热交换机进行热交换再进入辅助液氧蒸发器进行热交换，污氮管、纯氮管、第一氧气管、空气输入管道以及第二压缩机和膨胀机之间的连通管道均经过热交换机。
本实用新型的有益效果为：
(1)通过吸气机从采气口将空气吸入并输送至粗滤机，粗滤机将空气中的颗粒物等杂质除净得到纯气体的空气并输送至第一压缩机进行压缩，第一压缩机将初级压缩后的空气输送至冷却塔，冷却塔不断进行水循环将所吸收的空气降温，冷却塔所循环的水先由滤水机进行过滤以降低无机盐的含量，保证冷却塔的内部不产生水垢，初级压缩的空气在经过冷却塔的冷却之后被输送到分子筛滤机进行筛滤，将冷却后的空气中的水、二氧化碳以及碳氢化合物筛滤出并被送入储藏罐进行集中储存，从而将空气中的固体杂质清除，并进行初级压缩冷却，以节省之后的冷量消耗并节省能源；
(2)第一氧气管在经过热交换机后同时进入第二冷箱，将第二压缩机产生的热量吸收，从而使第二压缩机的输出端温度降低，增加膨胀机的输出冷量增多并节省膨胀机的能源消耗，同时也使氧气在输出成产品时温度恢复常温，不需要额外加热，增加热交换率，节约能源；
(3)常温氧产品在经过电子节流阀时，由电子节流阀的温度传感器探测温度，当温度超过污染物过滤机内的过滤片的工作温度时，电子节流阀封闭，使第一氧气管和第二氧气管内的氧气吸热升温，并由过滤片将碳氢化合物再次吸收，并送入储氧罐储存，使得氧产品的纯度得到提升。
附图说明
为了便于本领域技术人员理解，下面结合附图对本实用新型作进一步的说明。
图1为本实用新型氧气自增压空分的流程示意图；
图2为本实用新型第一冷箱的内部结构示意图；
图3为本实用新型污染物过滤机的结构示意图；
图中：1、采气口；2、采水机；3、储藏罐；4、滤水机；5、吸气机；6、粗滤机；7、第一压缩机；8、冷却塔；9、分子筛滤机；10、储氧罐；11、储氮罐；12、第一冷箱；13、第二冷箱；14、热交换机；15、辅助液氧蒸发器；16、精馏塔；17、上塔；18、主冷凝蒸发器；19、下塔；20、污氮管；21、纯氮管；22、第一液空管；23、液氧管；24、第二液空管；25、第一氧气管；26、第二氧气管；27、膨胀机；28、液氧罐；29、第二压缩机；30、过冷机；31、出气管；32、进气管；33、安装板；34、过滤片；35、箱体；36、污染物过滤机；37、电子节流阀。
具体实施方式
下面将结合实施例对本实用新型的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本实用新型一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本实用新型中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例，都属于本实用新型保护的范围。
请参阅图1-3所示，一种氧气自增压空分装置，包括采气口1、采水机2、滤水机4、分子筛滤机9和精馏塔16，所述精馏塔16包括上塔17、主冷凝蒸发器18以及下塔19且三者依次叠加安装，所述主冷凝蒸发器18的一侧安装有过冷机30，所述上塔17的顶部连通有污氮管20，所述上塔17的一侧与下塔19的底部相连通并接收从下塔19输送的液空，所述主冷凝蒸发器18的底部和下塔19的顶部均通过纯氮管21与储氮罐11连通，所述上塔17和下塔19连通的管道、污氮管20以及纯氮管21均在过冷机30中进行热交换，所述滤水机4的进水口连通有采水机2的出水口，所述滤水机4的出水口连通有冷却塔8的进水口，所述采气口1连通有吸气机5，所述吸气机5的出气口连通有粗滤机6的进气口，所述粗滤机6的出气口连通有第一压缩机7的进气口，所述第一压缩机7的出气口连通有冷却塔8的进气口，所述冷却塔8的出气口连通有分子筛滤机9的第一进气口，所述分子筛滤机9设有一对进气口和一对出气口，所述分子筛滤机9的第二进气口通过污氮管20与上塔17的顶部相连通，所述分子筛滤机9的第一出气口连通有储藏罐3，所述分子筛滤机9的第二出气口分别与辅助液氧蒸发器15以及第二压缩机29的输入端相连通，所述第二压缩机29的输出端将增压后的空气经过热交换机14的热交换后通过连通管道向膨胀机27输送，所述膨胀机27的输出端通过第一液空管22与下塔19下侧的进液口相连通，所述辅助液氧蒸发器15的顶部通过第一氧气管25与污染物过滤机36的进气管32相连通，所述污染物过滤机36的出气管31与储氧罐10的进气口相连通，所述辅助液氧蒸发器15的下侧通过第二液空管24将换热冷却后的液空输送至下塔19，所述辅助液氧蒸发器15的底部通过第二氧气管26与进气管32相连通，所述主冷凝蒸发器18通过液氧管23分别与辅助液氧蒸发器15的侧部进氧口以及液氧罐28相连通，通过污染物过滤机36将生产出的氧气进行吸收过滤，从而提高氧气的纯度。
所述第二压缩机29的外侧套设有第一冷箱12，所述纯氮管21、第一氧气管25和第二氧气管26分别穿过第一冷箱12的顶部并依次盘绕第二压缩机29的外周，所述纯氮管21、第一氧气管25和第二氧气管26与第一冷箱12之间通过导热板相互连接，所述第一冷箱12的箱壁内部填充有隔热泡沫，所述第二氧气管26的端部连通在第一氧气管25上，所述第一氧气管25与进气管32之间设置有电子节流阀37，所述电子节流阀37的进气口端设置有温度传感器且与电子节流阀37相连接，通过对第二压缩机29进行吸热提高热交换率，同时提高膨胀机27所生产的冷量。
所述污染物过滤机36包括出气管31、进气管32、过滤机构和箱体35，所述箱体35顶部的一侧连通有出气管31且另一侧连通有进气管32，所述箱体35内部的上下两面均安装有若干过滤机构且过滤机构交错布置，所述过滤机构包括安装板33和过滤片34，若干所述安装板33相互平行且均匀设置，所述安装板33的左右两侧均和箱体35固定连接，安装在箱体35内部上侧的安装板33的下边缘与箱体35内部下侧面之间设有间隙，安装在箱体35内部下侧的安装板33的上边缘与箱体35内部上侧面之间设有间隙，所述安装板33上均匀安装有若干过滤片34且过滤片34关于安装板33呈左右对称设置，所述过滤片34之间的间隙呈S形，通过将生产出的氧气在过滤片34和安装板33组成的气道内不断输送，使得氧气中的碳氢化合物被过滤片34不断吸收，从而提高氧气浓度。
所述热交换机14、辅助液氧蒸发器15和膨胀机27外侧设置有第二冷箱13所述第二冷箱13的箱壁内部填充有隔热泡沫，所述辅助液氧蒸发器15的位置设置在第二冷箱13中的下侧且辅助液氧蒸发器15与下塔19的中部保持水平，通过高度的设置使得液氧自身产生压力，从而使辅助液氧蒸发器15中的液氧能在更高的压力下气化，并提高之后各管道内的压力，以节省压缩机的压力消耗。
所有的管道外侧均套设有隔热泡沫层，所述分子筛滤机9与辅助液氧蒸发器15的空气输入管道先经过热交换机14进行热交换再进入辅助液氧蒸发器15进行热交换，所述污氮管20、纯氮管21、第一氧气管25、空气输入管道以及第二压缩机29和膨胀机27之间的连通管道均经过热交换机14，从而提高热交换率，节约冷量，并减少冷量的消耗。
本实用新型在使用时，通过吸气机5从采气口1将空气吸入并输送至粗滤机6，粗滤机6将空气中的颗粒物等杂质除净得到纯气体的空气并输送至第一压缩机7进行压缩，第一压缩机7将初级压缩后的空气输送至冷却塔8，冷却塔8不断进行水循环将所吸收的空气降温，冷却塔8所循环的水先由滤水机4进行过滤以降低无机盐的含量，保证冷却塔8的内部不产生水垢，初级压缩的空气在经过冷却塔8的冷却之后被输送到分子筛滤机9进行筛滤，将冷却后的空气中的水、二氧化碳以及碳氢化合物筛滤出并被送入储藏罐3进行集中储存；
分子筛滤机9内含两套筛滤系统，其中一套将筛滤后的空气的一部分输送至第二压缩机29进行二次压缩并经过膨胀机27进行膨胀制冷形成液空并通过第一液空管22输送至下塔19进行分馏，另一部分空气先经过热交换机14进行换热冷却，再进入辅助液氧蒸发器15进行进一步的换热冷却从而形成液空并通过第二液空管24输送至下塔19进行分馏；
下塔19在分馏的过程中，液空被分离成气态氮和富氧液空，气态氮上升在主冷凝蒸发器18中液化成液氮，同时主冷凝蒸发器18的低压侧液氧被气化，其中一部分液氮回流至下塔19，另一部分液氮经过纯氮管21在热交换机14中吸热并在第一冷箱12中吸热从而成为常温氮产品并被储氮罐11储存，下塔19中的一部分液空在过冷机30中进行热交换后进入上塔17作为回流液；
由主冷凝蒸发器18形成液氧被抽出，先输送至第二冷箱13底部的辅助液氧蒸发器15中将压缩的空气冷却，通过主冷凝蒸发器18以及上塔17中的液氧的液面高于辅助液氧蒸发器15，使得液氧能够不需要额外加压就能进入辅助液氧蒸发器15中吸热气化，一部分液氧气化成气态氧通过第一氧气管25再经过热交换机14进行加热以节约冷量，另一部分液氧未能气化则从第二氧气管26被输送至第一冷箱12中，将第二压缩机29产生的热量吸收，第一氧气管25在经过热交换机14后同时进入第二冷箱13，将第二压缩机29产生的热量吸收，从而使低温液氧变成常温氧产品并被储氧罐10储存；
当需要液氧的产品时，由主冷凝蒸发器18形成液氧经过液氧管23的支路输送至液氧罐28作为产品储存；
常温氧产品在经过电子节流阀37时，由电子节流阀37的温度传感器探测温度，当温度超过污染物过滤机36内的过滤片34的工作温度时，电子节流阀37封闭，使第一氧气管25和第二氧气管26内的氧气吸热升温，并由过滤片34将碳氢化合物再次吸收，并送入储氧罐10储存；
污氮从上塔17的顶部由污氮管20输出，并在过冷机30中分别与液空和液氮进行热交换，并在热交换机14中气化成污氮气，污氮气一部分作为第一冷箱12和第二冷箱13的填充气体保持第一冷箱12和第二冷箱13的压力和湿度，另一部分冲入分子筛滤机9中，对分子筛滤机9的备用的筛滤设备进行反向冲刷从而清理分子筛滤机9，清除出的杂质被排入储藏罐3储存。
以上公开的本实用新型优选实施例只是用于帮助阐述本实用新型。优选实施例并没有详尽叙述所有的细节，也不限制该实用新型仅为的具体实施方式。显然，根据本说明书的内容，可作很多的修改和变化。本说明书选取并具体描述这些实施例，是为了更好地解释本实用新型的原理和实际应用，从而使所属技术领域技术人员能很好地理解和利用本实用新型。本实用新型仅受权利要求书及其全部范围和等效物的限制。

Claims (5)

1.一种氧气自增压空分装置，其特征在于，包括采气口(1)、采水机(2)、滤水机(4)、分子筛滤机(9)和精馏塔(16)，所述精馏塔(16)包括上塔(17)、主冷凝蒸发器(18)以及下塔(19)且三者依次叠加安装，所述主冷凝蒸发器(18)的一侧安装有过冷机(30)，所述上塔(17)的顶部连通有污氮管(20)，所述上塔(17)的一侧与下塔(19)的底部相连通并接收从下塔(19)输送的液空，所述主冷凝蒸发器(18)的底部和下塔(19)的顶部均通过纯氮管(21)与储氮罐(11)连通，所述上塔(17)和下塔(19)连通的管道、污氮管(20)以及纯氮管(21)均在过冷机(30)中进行热交换，所述滤水机(4)的进水口连通有采水机(2)的出水口，所述滤水机(4)的出水口连通有冷却塔(8)的进水口，所述采气口(1)连通有吸气机(5)，所述吸气机(5)的出气口连通有粗滤机(6)的进气口，所述粗滤机(6)的出气口连通有第一压缩机(7)的进气口，所述第一压缩机(7)的出气口连通有冷却塔(8)的进气口，所述冷却塔(8)的出气口连通有分子筛滤机(9)的第一进气口，所述分子筛滤机(9)设有一对进气口和一对出气口，所述分子筛滤机(9)的第二进气口通过污氮管(20)与上塔(17)的顶部相连通，所述分子筛滤机(9)的第一出气口连通有储藏罐(3)，所述分子筛滤机(9)的第二出气口分别与辅助液氧蒸发器(15)以及第二压缩机(29)的输入端相连通，所述第二压缩机(29)的输出端将增压后的空气经过热交换机(14)的热交换后通过连通管道向膨胀机(27)输送，所述膨胀机(27)的输出端通过第一液空管(22)与下塔(19)下侧的进液口相连通，所述辅助液氧蒸发器(15)的顶部通过第一氧气管(25)与污染物过滤机(36)的进气管(32)相连通，所述污染物过滤机(36)的出气管(31)与储氧罐(10)的进气口相连通，所述辅助液氧蒸发器(15)的下侧通过第二液空管(24)将换热冷却后的液空输送至下塔(19)，所述辅助液氧蒸发器(15)的底部通过第二氧气管(26)与进气管(32)相连通，所述主冷凝蒸发器(18)通过液氧管(23)分别与辅助液氧蒸发器(15)的侧部进氧口以及液氧罐(28)相连通。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种氧气自增压空分装置，其特征在于，所述第二压缩机(29)的外侧套设有第一冷箱(12)，所述纯氮管(21)、第一氧气管(25)和第二氧气管(26)分别穿过第一冷箱(12)的顶部并依次盘绕第二压缩机(29)的外周，所述纯氮管(21)、第一氧气管(25)和第二氧气管(26)与第一冷箱(12)之间通过导热板相互连接，所述第一冷箱(12)的箱壁内部填充有隔热泡沫，所述第二氧气管(26)的端部连通在第一氧气管(25)上，所述第一氧气管(25)与进气管(32)之间设置有电子节流阀(37)，所述电子节流阀(37)的进气口端设置有温度传感器且与电子节流阀(37)相连接。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种氧气自增压空分装置，其特征在于，所述污染物过滤机(36)包括出气管(31)、进气管(32)、过滤机构和箱体(35)，所述箱体(35)顶部的一侧连通有出气管(31)且另一侧连通有进气管(32)，所述箱体(35)内部的上下两面均安装有若干过滤机构且过滤机构交错布置，所述过滤机构包括安装板(33)和过滤片(34)，若干所述安装板(33)相互平行且均匀设置，所述安装板(33)的左右两侧均和箱体(35)固定连接，安装在箱体(35)内部上侧的安装板(33)的下边缘与箱体(35)内部下侧面之间设有间隙，安装在箱体(35)内部下侧的安装板(33)的上边缘与箱体(35)内部上侧面之间设有间隙，所述安装板(33)上均匀安装有若干过滤片(34)且过滤片(34)关于安装板(33)呈左右对称设置，所述过滤片(34)之间的间隙呈S形。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种氧气自增压空分装置，其特征在于，所述热交换机(14)、辅助液氧蒸发器(15)和膨胀机(27)外侧设置有第二冷箱(13)，所述第二冷箱(13)的箱壁内部填充有隔热泡沫，所述辅助液氧蒸发器(15)的位置设置在第二冷箱(13)中的下侧且辅助液氧蒸发器(15)与下塔(19)的中部保持水平。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种氧气自增压空分装置，其特征在于，所有的管道外侧均套设有隔热泡沫层，所述分子筛滤机(9)与辅助液氧蒸发器(15)的空气输入管道先经过热交换机(14)进行热交换再进入辅助液氧蒸发器(15)进行热交换，所述污氮管(20)、纯氮管(21)、第一氧气管(25)、空气输入管道以及第二压缩机(29)和膨胀机(27)之间的连通管道均经过热交换机(14)。
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Cited By (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114906816A (zh) * 2022-06-02 2022-08-16 凤阳凯盛硅材料有限公司 一种水电解制氢回收高纯液氧装置

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114906816A (zh) * 2022-06-02 2022-08-16 凤阳凯盛硅材料有限公司 一种水电解制氢回收高纯液氧装置
CN114906816B (zh) * 2022-06-02 2023-08-15 凤阳凯盛硅材料有限公司 一种水电解制氢回收高纯液氧装置

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