CN214254562U - Battery cover plate assembly, battery module, single body, power battery and electric automobile - Google Patents

Abstract

The disclosure relates to a battery cover plate assembly, a battery module, a single body, a power battery and an electric automobile. The battery cover plate assembly includes a cover plate for enclosing an opening of a case of the unit battery, and an inner surface of the cover plate for facing an inside of the case is covered with a first insulating coating. Because the insulating layer that sets up on the apron is insulating coating, first insulating coating promptly, and first insulating coating still has advantages such as high adhesive force, wear-resisting, resistant scraping on insulating basis for electrolyte can be endured for a long time to first insulating coating, can cover the internal surface at the apron all the time, and consequently insulating effect is better. Based on this, if the battery module or when the power battery's shell internal causes the high pressure short circuit because of liquid leaks, even if the battery cell receives the effect of high voltage, the condition of insulating failure is also difficult to appear in first insulating coating. Therefore, the risk of high-voltage arcing and ignition of the single battery can be effectively reduced or even avoided, and the safety performance is improved.

Description

Battery cover plate assembly, battery module, single body, power battery and electric automobile

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a battery cell field specifically, relates to a battery cover plate subassembly, battery cell, battery module, power battery and electric automobile.

Background

In the development process of the power single battery, with the increasing demand for energy density, the structure of the power single battery becomes more and more compact, and the effective insulation distance inside the power single battery has to be compressed in various ways. When electrolyte leakage occurs in a bag body (namely a shell of the power battery) of the power battery and causes high-voltage short circuit, the voltage of the power battery becomes very large, so that the situation of arc discharge and fire ignition caused by insulation failure or insufficient insulation distance is easy to occur at the position where a lug part of a pole core of a single battery is assembled with a cover plate, and safety accidents are easy to cause. In order to solve the problem, in the prior art, insulation protection is generally performed by wrapping an insulation film at a position where a tab of a cover plate and a tab of a pole core are assembled, but an effective insulation distance after the insulation film is wrapped in a single battery with a compact structure is often insufficient, and an arcing and ignition phenomenon may still occur.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims at providing a battery cover plate subassembly, battery cell, battery module, power battery and electric automobile, this battery cell can effectively reduce and even avoid utmost point core and apron contact site to produce the risk of drawing an arc and catching fire.

In order to accomplish the above object, the present disclosure provides a battery cover plate assembly including a cover plate for enclosing an opening of a case of a unit battery, an inner surface of the cover plate for facing the inside of the case being covered with a first insulating coating.

Optionally, the thickness of the first insulating layer is 0.03mm to 0.15 mm.

Optionally, the first insulating coating is an insulating glue coating or a high polymer coating with insulating property.

Optionally, the first insulating coating is a vacuum coating or a spray coating.

Optionally, the battery cover plate assembly further comprises a metal explosion-proof valve, the metal explosion-proof valve is arranged on the cover plate, and the surface of the metal explosion-proof valve protruding inwards out of the cover plate is also covered with the first insulating coating.

According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a single battery is provided, which includes a housing, a pole core disposed in the housing, and the above-mentioned battery cover plate assembly, wherein the battery cover plate assembly encapsulates an opening of the housing through the cover plate.

Optionally, the inner surface of the housing is covered with a second insulating coating.

According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a battery module is provided, which includes the above-mentioned single battery.

According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a power battery is provided, and the power battery includes the above battery module.

According to another aspect of the present disclosure, an electric vehicle is provided, which includes the power battery described above.

In the battery cover plate subassembly that this disclosure provided, because the internal surface at the apron covers there is first insulating coating, compare in the mode that adopts insulating film parcel to realize apron and the utmost point ear insulation connection of utmost point core among the prior art, the insulating layer that this scheme set up on the apron is insulating coating, first insulating coating is on insulating basis, still has high adhesive force, wear-resisting, advantage such as resistant scraping, make first insulating coating can withstand electrolyte solution for a long time, can cover the internal surface at the apron all the time, consequently insulating effect is better, the risk of the insulation failure if adopt the insulating film to include the mode to bring has been avoided. Based on this, if the liquid leaks (such as the cooling liquid or the electrolyte of the single battery) in the housing of the battery module or the power battery to cause a high-voltage short circuit, even if the single battery in the battery module or the power battery is subjected to a high voltage, the first insulating coating layer is not easy to cause an insulation failure. Therefore, the risk of high-voltage arcing and ignition of the single battery can be effectively reduced or even avoided, and the safety performance is improved.

Additional features and advantages of the disclosure will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the disclosure without limiting the disclosure. In the drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a battery cover plate assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of a cover plate assembly provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of portion A of FIG. 2;

fig. 4 is a schematic front view of a lower case of a unit battery according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged schematic view of portion B of FIG. 4;

fig. 6 is a partially exploded perspective view illustrating a battery module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Description of the reference numerals

100-single battery; 10-a battery cover plate assembly; 11-a cover plate; 12-a first insulating coating; 13-metal explosion-proof valves; 14-an insulating connector; 15-a conductive member; 16-positive pole column; 17-a negative pole post; 20-a housing; 21-a second insulating coating; 1000-battery module.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of specific embodiments of the present disclosure is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the present disclosure, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.

In the present disclosure, terms used, such as "upper, lower, front, and rear" are generally defined as directions of the drawing of the drawings, which are the same as the directions of the upper, lower, front, and rear of the vehicle, without being described to the contrary.

The term "inner and outer" refers to the inner and outer parts of the relevant component. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used merely to distinguish one description from another, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present disclosure, it is also to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, e.g., as being either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present disclosure can be understood in specific instances by those of ordinary skill in the art.

As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the present disclosure provides a battery cover plate assembly 10, a unit battery 100 including the battery cover plate assembly 10, a battery module 1000 including the unit battery 100, a power battery including the battery module 1000, and an electric vehicle including the power battery.

The single battery 100 further includes a housing 20 and a pole core disposed in the housing 20, and the battery cover assembly 10 encloses the opening of the housing 20 through the cover plate 11. A plurality of single batteries 100 are connected in series or in parallel to form a battery module 1000, and can be placed in a bag body (i.e., a casing of a power battery) to form the power battery. In addition, besides the field of power batteries, various technical schemes provided in the disclosure can also be widely applied to other battery fields.

As shown in fig. 1, the present disclosure provides a battery cover plate assembly 10 including a cover plate 11, the cover plate 11 being used to enclose an opening of a case 20 of a unit battery, an inner surface of the cover plate 11, which faces the inside of the case 20, being covered with a first insulating coating 12.

In the battery cover plate assembly 10 that this disclosure provided, because the internal surface at apron 11 covers there is first insulating coating 12, compare in the mode that adopts the insulating film parcel to realize the utmost point ear insulated connection of apron and utmost point core among the prior art, the insulating layer that this scheme set up on apron 11 is insulating coating, first insulating coating 12 is on insulating basis, still has high adhesive force, wear-resisting, advantage such as resistant scraping, make first insulating coating 12 can withstand the electrolyte for a long time, can cover the internal surface at the apron all the time, consequently, insulating effect is better, the risk of insulating inefficacy if adopting the insulating film to include the mode and bring has been avoided. Based on this, if a high-voltage short circuit occurs due to a liquid leakage (such as a coolant or an electrolyte of the battery cell 10) in the battery module 100 or the housing of the power battery, even if the battery module 100 or the battery cell 10 in the power battery is subjected to a high voltage, the first insulating layer 12 is not prone to insulation failure. Therefore, the risk of high-voltage arcing and fire striking of the single battery 10 can be effectively reduced or even avoided, and the safety performance is improved.

The thickness of the first insulating layer 12 is not limited by the present disclosure, and may be any suitable value. Alternatively, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the thickness of the first insulating layer 12 may be 0.03mm to 0.15 mm. In this range, both guaranteed that first insulating coating 12 has sufficient thickness, first insulating coating 12 can be able to bear the high pressure more than 1000V, prevent to appear because of being punctured the condition that leads to the incident by the high pressure, prevent to appear because of producing between apron 11 and the utmost point core and draw the condition that the arc leads to the fact to catch fire, consequently, guaranteed its insulating effect. Meanwhile, the thickness is within the above range, so that the first insulating coating 12 can be prevented from occupying too much internal space of the single battery 10 due to too large thickness, which is beneficial to increasing the volume of the pole core, and is beneficial to increasing the energy density of the battery.

The material of the first insulating layer 12 is not limited in the present disclosure, and may be any suitable material as long as it has a good insulating effect. Alternatively, the first insulating layer 12 may be an insulating glue layer or a high polymer layer with insulating property, such as parylene, so that the first insulating layer 12 has high insulating property, can resist electrolyte for a long time, and has the advantages of high adhesion, wear resistance, scratch resistance, and the like on a metal structural member, so as to ensure the reliability of bonding the first insulating layer 12 and the cover plate 11.

In order to ensure the adhesion effect of the first insulating layer on the metal components of the battery cover assembly 10, such as the cover plate 11 and the explosion-proof valve, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the first insulating layer 12 may be a vacuum-coated layer or a sprayed layer. That is, in the present embodiment, the first insulating layer 12 may be coated on the components such as the cover plate 11 by vacuum coating, spraying, or the like, so that the first insulating layer 12 uniformly covers the metal components of the battery cover plate assembly 10, thereby achieving the purpose of effective insulation, and greatly improving the safety performance of the single battery 100, the battery module 100, the power battery, and the electric vehicle.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in an embodiment of the present disclosure, the battery cover plate assembly 10 further includes a metal explosion-proof valve 13, the metal explosion-proof valve 13 is disposed on the cover plate 11, for example, embedded on the cover plate 11, and a surface of the metal explosion-proof valve 13 protruding inward from the cover plate 11 is also covered with a first insulating coating 12. Therefore, the risk of fire caused by high-pressure arc discharge between the metal explosion-proof valve 13 and the pole core can be effectively reduced or even avoided.

If the unit cell 10 is overcharged during charging, gas is generated inside the unit cell due to reaction, so that the pressure inside the unit cell 10 increases. In the present embodiment, the metal explosion-proof valve 13 is configured to open to perform pressure relief when the pressure inside the unit cell 10 increases to a preset value, for example, when the pressure increases to the opening value of the metal explosion-proof valve 13, the metal explosion-proof valve 13 may be opened to discharge the gas inside the unit cell 10 to perform pressure relief, so as to prevent the unit cell 10 from exploding.

It should be noted that, the specific structure of the battery cover plate assembly 10 is not limited in the present disclosure, and when other metal parts are further mounted on the cover plate 11, the first insulating coating 12 may be coated on a portion of the metal part protruding from the inner surface of the cover plate 11, so as to reduce or even avoid the risk of fire due to high-voltage arcing between the metal part and the pole core.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, in an embodiment of the present disclosure, the single battery 10 may be a square battery, the cover plate 11 may be a rectangular parallelepiped structure, two ends of the cover plate 11 in the length direction are provided with insulating connection members 14, an upper end of each insulating connection member 14 is connected to the cover plate 11, and a lower end of each insulating connection member 14 may be used to abut against a pole core of the single battery 10 to perform a supporting function.

As shown in fig. 2 and 6, in an embodiment of the present disclosure, the inner surface of the cover plate 11 may be provided with a conductive member 15, and the conductive member 15 may be used to electrically connect the pole core with the positive pole post 16 and the negative pole post 17. The positive electrode tab 16 and the negative electrode tab 17 perform input and output of current to complete the charge and discharge operations of the unit cell 10.

As shown in fig. 4 and 5, in an embodiment of the present disclosure, the inner surface of the housing 20 is covered with the second insulating coating 21, the second insulating coating 21 is used for insulating between the pole core and the housing 20, and by providing the second insulating coating 21, the risk of arcing and fire striking between the housing 20 and the pole core can be effectively reduced or even avoided.

The thickness of the second insulating coating 21 is not limited by the present disclosure, and may be any suitable value. Alternatively, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the thickness of the second insulating coating 21 may be 0.03mm to 0.15 mm. Within this range, the second insulating coating 21 is ensured to have a sufficient thickness, so that the second insulating coating 21 can resist a high voltage of more than 1000V, and safety accidents caused by high-voltage breakdown are prevented, thereby ensuring the insulating effect. Meanwhile, the thickness is within the above range, and the second insulating coating 21 can be prevented from occupying too much internal space of the single battery 10 due to too large thickness, which is beneficial to increasing the energy density of the battery.

Also, the material of the second insulating coating 21 is not limited in the present disclosure, and may be any suitable material as long as it can have a good insulating effect. Alternatively, the second insulating coating 21 may be an insulating glue coating or a high polymer coating with insulating property, such as parylene, so that the second insulating coating 21 has high insulating property and can resist electrolyte for a long time, and has the advantages of high adhesion, wear resistance, scratch resistance and the like on the housing 20 to ensure the reliability of bonding the second insulating coating 21 with the inner surface of the housing 20.

In order to ensure the adhesion effect of the second insulating coating on the housing 20, in an embodiment of the present disclosure, the second insulating coating 21 may be a vacuum coating layer or a spray coating layer, that is, in this embodiment, the second insulating coating 21 may be coated on the inner surface of the housing 20 by vacuum coating, spray coating, or the like, so that the second insulating coating 21 uniformly covers the inner surface of the housing 20, and the purpose of effective insulation is achieved.

When the unit batteries 10 are mounted in the battery module 1000 or the power battery, the case 20 of the unit battery 100 is usually fixed to a battery tray, and the outer surface of the case 20 may be coated with a third insulating coating (not shown) in order to ensure insulation between the case 20 and the battery tray. So, even if appear revealing of conducting liquid in battery module 1000 or the power battery, through the effect of third insulating coating, can effectual reduction avoid even that battery cell 10 appears the high pressure and draws an arc risk of starting a fire.

Optionally, the thickness and material of the third insulating coating and the manner of coating the third insulating coating on the outer surface of the housing 20 are not limited in the present disclosure, and optionally, in an embodiment of the present disclosure, the thickness of the third insulating coating may be 0.03mm to 0.15 mm. The second insulating coating 21 may be coated on the inner wall of the case 20 using vacuum plating, spray coating, or the like. The third insulating coating can be an insulating glue coating or a high polymer coating with insulating properties, such as parylene. The thickness, material and coating method of the third insulating coating are as described above, and are not described herein again.

The preferred embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, however, the present disclosure is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications may be made to the technical solution of the present disclosure within the technical idea of the present disclosure, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present disclosure.

It should be noted that, in the foregoing embodiments, various features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner, and in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, various combinations that are possible in the present disclosure are not described again.

In addition, any combination of various embodiments of the present disclosure may be made, and the same should be considered as the disclosure of the present disclosure, as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the present disclosure.

Claims (10)

1. A battery cover plate assembly, characterized by comprising a cover plate (11), the cover plate (11) being used for enclosing an opening of a housing (20) of a battery cell, the inner surface of the cover plate (11) which is used for facing the inside of the housing (20) being covered with a first insulating coating (12).

2. The battery cover plate assembly according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the first insulating coating (12) is 0.03mm to 0.15 mm.

3. The battery cover plate assembly according to claim 1, wherein the first insulating coating (12) is an insulating glue coating or a high polymer coating having insulating properties.

4. The battery cover plate assembly of claim 1, wherein the first insulating coating (12) is a vacuum-coated layer or a sprayed layer.

5. The battery cover plate assembly according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein the battery cover plate assembly (10) further comprises a metal explosion-proof valve (13), the metal explosion-proof valve (13) being arranged on the cover plate (11), the surface of the metal explosion-proof valve (13) protruding inwards from the cover plate (11) also being covered with the first insulating coating (12).

6. A battery cell, characterized in that it comprises a casing (20), a pole piece and a battery cover plate assembly (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, said pole piece being arranged inside said casing (20), said battery cover plate assembly (10) enclosing an opening of the casing (20) through said cover plate (11).

7. The cell according to claim 6, characterised in that the inner surface of the casing (20) is covered with a second insulating coating (21).

8. A battery module, characterized in that the battery module comprises the unit battery according to claim 6 or 7.

9. A power battery, characterized in that the battery module comprises the battery module according to claim 8.

10. An electric vehicle characterized by comprising the power battery according to claim 9.

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