CN214254515U - Battery thermal runaway alarm system based on PWM wave - Google Patents
Battery thermal runaway alarm system based on PWM wave Download PDFInfo
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- CN214254515U CN214254515U CN202120329911.4U CN202120329911U CN214254515U CN 214254515 U CN214254515 U CN 214254515U CN 202120329911 U CN202120329911 U CN 202120329911U CN 214254515 U CN214254515 U CN 214254515U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
The utility model relates to the technical field of power battery systems, in particular to a battery thermal runaway alarm system based on PWM waves, which comprises a FPC flexible circuit board arranged above a single battery in a battery module, wherein sampling nickel sheets are welded on two sides of the FPC flexible circuit board, and a series tin wire is arranged at the bottom of the FPC flexible circuit board and is positioned right above a pressure release valve of the single battery; the sampling nickel sheet and the serial tin wire are connected with the BMS module through a connector; the BMS module comprises a PWM wave output unit for outputting PWM waves to the serial tin wires and a PWM wave receiving unit for receiving the PWM waves transmitted back by the serial tin wires; the battery voltage unit is used for receiving the voltage of the single battery collected by the sampling nickel sheet. The system is simple in structure, can realize double monitoring of thermal runaway occurrence and position positioning of the single battery, and is low in failure rate and accurate in measurement result.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a power battery system technical field especially relates to a battery thermal runaway alarm system based on PWM ripples.
Background
Lithium ion batteries have become the most widely used electrochemical power source at present because of their significant advantages of high specific energy, long cycle life, etc. However, the safety problem with thermal runaway as the core is still a difficult problem to overcome in the large-scale application process of the lithium ion battery. In order to ensure the safe operation of the battery, an effective battery thermal runaway prevention and control strategy is urgently needed to be developed.
When the thermal runaway of the lithium ion battery occurs, the serious exothermic chemical reaction is usually accompanied, and the hazards such as smoking, fire and even explosion are caused. The state change from thermal runaway to thermal spread in the square battery module has commonality: thermal runaway occurs → swelling of single cell → opening of pressure relief valve → spray of smoke → spray of spark four → heat transfer → swelling of adjacent cell → opening of pressure relief valve → spray of smoke → spray of spark four → heat transfer → … … if the module has enough structural strength and enough extrusion force between cells, the chain explosion is not easy to occur. If the structure is loose, the extrusion force is not enough, then the battery cell bulging in-process can cause the module to be out of shape, and the battery cell shifts, and the shifting battery cell is extremely easy to explode, finally leads to the following chain explosion reaction.
Therefore, a new technique for monitoring thermal runaway of the battery is urgently needed to reduce the loss.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of the utility model is to overcome above-mentioned prior art's problem, provide a battery thermal runaway alarm system based on PWM ripples, arrange the series connection tin silk near the position directly over the relief valve of battery cell, PWM ripples output unit and PWM ripples receiving element in the BMS module are inserted respectively to the tin silk both ends. When the battery pack normally works, tin wires above all batteries in the battery pack are connected in series and conducted, PWM waves are transmitted in the tin wires, when thermal runaway occurs, the pressure release valve is opened, a large amount of high-temperature and high-pressure gas is sprayed out, the tin wires are fused, the PWM waves are interrupted, and then the thermal runaway of the batteries is confirmed; since the voltage of the single battery with thermal runaway can suddenly drop within 1s, the specific position of the single battery can be monitored and obtained through the battery voltage unit. The system is simple in structure, can realize double monitoring of current and voltage, and is low in failure rate and accurate in measuring result.
The above purpose is realized by the following technical scheme:
a battery thermal runaway alarm system based on PWM waves comprises an FPC (flexible printed circuit) arranged above a single battery in a battery module, wherein sampling nickel sheets are welded on two sides of the FPC, and a series connection tin wire is arranged at the bottom of the FPC and is positioned right above a pressure release valve of the single battery; the sampling nickel sheet and the serial tin wire are connected with the BMS module through a connector; the BMS module comprises a PWM wave output unit for outputting PWM waves to the serial tin wires and a PWM wave receiving unit for receiving the PWM waves transmitted back by the serial tin wires; the battery voltage unit is used for receiving the voltage of the single battery collected by the sampling nickel sheet; and when the PWM wave receiving unit cannot receive the PWM waves transmitted back by the series tin wires, or the battery voltage unit monitors that the voltage of any one or more single batteries is abnormal, an alarm prompt is sent out through an alarm unit of the BMS module.
Further, the FPC flexible circuit board is rectangular, and the length of the FPC flexible circuit board is matched with that of the battery module; sampling nickel piece weld in FPC flexible circuit board's both sides, quantity with battery cell's quantity is the same, the one end of sampling nickel piece with correspond with it battery cell's electrode connection, the other end warp printed circuit on the FPC flexible circuit board with the end-to-end connection of corresponding probe in the connector is used for gathering the correspondence battery cell's voltage.
Further, the body of the series connection tin wire is located right above the pressure release valve of the single battery, and two ends of the body are connected with the BMS module through corresponding probes of the connector.
Further, the connector and the BMS module are connected by a wire harness.
Further, the wire harness isolation board is arranged between the FPC and the single battery, electrode grooves corresponding to electrodes of the single battery are formed in two sides of the wire harness isolation board, and a through hole corresponding to the position of the pressure release valve is formed in the central axis of the wire harness isolation board.
Furthermore, a plurality of positioning columns are arranged on the wiring harness isolation plate, and correspondingly, positioning holes which are matched with the positioning columns in quantity and can be sleeved with the positioning columns are formed in the FPC flexible circuit board.
Further, the top of the through hole corresponds to the series tin wire, and the bottom of the through hole corresponds to the pressure release valve.
Further, the connector is an IMSA connector with the model number of IMSA-13065B-2-32A-TR.
Advantageous effects
The utility model provides a battery thermal runaway alarm system based on PWM ripples arranges the series connection tin silk near the position directly over the relief valve of battery cell, and PWM ripples output unit and PWM ripples receiving element in the BMS module are inserted respectively to the tin silk both ends. When the battery pack normally works, tin wires above all batteries in the battery pack are connected in series and conducted, PWM waves are transmitted in the tin wires, when thermal runaway occurs, the pressure release valve is opened, a large amount of high-temperature and high-pressure gas is sprayed out, the tin wires are fused, the PWM waves are interrupted, and then the thermal runaway of the batteries is confirmed; since the voltage of the single battery with thermal runaway can suddenly drop within 1s, the specific position of the single battery can be monitored and obtained through the battery voltage unit. The system is simple in structure, can realize synchronous monitoring of the PWM waves and the voltage, and is low in failure rate and accurate in measuring result. Simultaneously still possess following advantage:
1. the reaction is rapid, and an alarm is triggered within 3 seconds after the battery pressure release valve is opened;
2. the reliability is high, and the battery cannot trigger an alarm before thermal runaway occurs;
3. the assembly performance is good, and the additional special space is hardly increased;
4. the cost performance is high, and the cost of the added materials can be ignored.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery thermal runaway alarm system based on a PWM wave according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a block diagram of a battery thermal runaway alarm system based on PWM waves according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a connection between a battery thermal runaway alarm system and a battery module according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a cell structure in a battery module of a battery thermal runaway alarm system based on a PWM wave according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a battery thermal runaway alarm system based on PWM wave connected to a wiring harness isolation board.
Reference numerals
The device comprises a 1-FPC (flexible printed circuit) flexible circuit board, 11-positioning holes, 2-sampling nickel sheets, 3-series tin wires, 4-connectors, 5-BMS (battery management system) modules, 51-PWM (pulse-width modulation) wave output units, 52-PWM wave receiving units, 53-battery voltage units, 54-alarm units, 6-wiring harness isolation plates, 61-electrode slots, 62-through holes, 63-positioning columns, 7-battery modules, 8-single batteries, 81-pressure relief valves and 82-electrodes.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
The thermal runaway of the battery is particularly that the temperature rise inside the battery causes the battery to be broken, and sparks generated in the eruption process ignite combustible gas, so the eruption of the battery is a necessary condition for external smoking, fire and explosion.
When the thermal runaway occurs in the battery, the pressure release valve of the battery is opened, the spray smoke is in a high-temperature and high-pressure state, the actually measured temperature is more than or equal to 300 ℃, the temperature is enough to melt the insulating film on the periphery of the battery core and the insulating cover plate on the top, the temperature also exceeds the melting point of metal tin of 231.89 ℃, the thermal runaway continues to develop into open fire, and the measured maximum temperature reaches 1000 ℃.
In addition, before the thermal runaway relief valve is opened, the voltage of the battery is almost unchanged and is within a normal voltage range (ternary 2.8V-4.2V, lithium iron 2.5V-3.6V). When the pressure relief valve is opened, the battery voltage suddenly drops, and the battery voltage quickly drops to almost 0V (delta V is larger than or equal to 2V) from the normal voltage range within 1 s.
The system is designed according to the thermal runaway phenomenon of the battery, and as shown in figures 1 and 2, the thermal runaway warning system of the battery comprises an FPC (flexible printed circuit) arranged above a single battery in a battery module, wherein sampling nickel sheets are welded on two sides of the FPC, and a series tin wire is arranged at the bottom of the FPC and is positioned right above a pressure release valve of the single battery; the sampling nickel sheet and the serial tin wire are connected with the BMS module through a connector; specifically, the connector is connected to the BMS module by a wire harness.
The BMS module comprises a PWM wave output unit for outputting PWM waves to the serial tin wires and a PWM wave receiving unit for receiving the PWM waves transmitted back by the serial tin wires; the battery voltage unit is used for receiving the voltage of the single battery collected by the sampling nickel sheet;
and when the PWM wave receiving unit cannot receive the PWM waves transmitted back by the series tin wires, or the battery voltage unit monitors that the voltage of any one or more single batteries is abnormal, an alarm prompt is sent out through an alarm unit of the BMS module.
In order to better monitor each single battery in the battery module, the FPC is rectangular, and the length of the FPC is matched with that of the battery module;
the sampling nickel sheets are welded on two sides of the FPC flexible circuit board, the number of the sampling nickel sheets is the same as that of the single batteries, one ends of the sampling nickel sheets are connected with electrodes of the single batteries corresponding to the sampling nickel sheets, the other ends of the sampling nickel sheets are connected with tail ends of corresponding probes in the connector through printed circuits on the FPC flexible circuit board, the sampling nickel sheets are used for collecting corresponding voltages of the single batteries and transmitting collected data to a battery voltage unit in the BMS module, and the battery voltage unit can display real-time monitoring voltages of the single batteries in a list mode through a liquid crystal display.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, after the thermal runaway of the single battery is facilitated, the internal high-temperature and high-pressure can timely and effectively fuse the corresponding serial tin wire after the relief valve is opened, the body of the serial tin wire is located right above the relief valve of the single battery, and two ends of the serial tin wire are connected with the BMS module through the corresponding probes of the connector.
Specifically, the operation of the series tin wire before fusing is as follows: the PWM wave output unit outputs PWM waves which are transmitted on the series tin wires along a certain direction and finally received by the PWM wave receiving unit, and the condition that the series tin wires are normal is shown;
when certain or a plurality of battery cells take place thermal runaway, inside high temperature high pressure is washed out the relief valve to the series connection tin silk fusing that will be located the relief valve top, and then the transmission of PWM ripples is interrupted, and the PWM ripples that PWM ripples receiving element can't normally receive the transmission again, explains that series connection tin silk takes place fusing, proves that certain battery cell or a plurality of battery cells take place thermal runaway.
As the optimization of the embodiment, the device further comprises a wire harness isolation plate, wherein the wire harness isolation plate is arranged between the FPC and the single battery, electrode grooves corresponding to electrodes of the single battery are formed in two sides of the wire harness isolation plate, and a through hole corresponding to the position of the pressure release valve is formed in a central axis of the wire harness isolation plate; the top of the through hole corresponds to the series tin wire, and the bottom of the through hole corresponds to the position of the pressure release valve.
Specifically, when certain or a plurality of battery cells take place thermal runaway, inside high temperature high pressure rushes out the relief valve, runs through will be located behind the through-hole top fuses with the series connection tin silk that corresponds with it, and then the transmission of PWM ripples in the series connection tin silk is interrupted, and the PWM ripples that PWM ripples receiving element can't normally receive the return again ripples, explains that the fuse takes place for the series connection tin silk, proves that certain battery cell or a plurality of battery cells take place thermal runaway.
As a further optimization of this embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, a plurality of positioning posts are disposed on the wire harness isolation board, and correspondingly, positioning holes are disposed on the FPC flexible circuit board, the positioning holes are matched with the positioning posts in number and can be sleeved with the positioning posts; during assembly, the positioning hole of the FPC flexible circuit board and the positioning column on the wiring harness isolation plate are sleeved, and the purpose of accurately positioning and fixing the FPC flexible circuit board and the wiring harness isolation plate can be achieved.
In this embodiment, the connector is an IMSA connector, model number IMSA-13065B-2-32A-TR.
The system adopts a double monitoring mode of PWM wave and single battery voltage detection, and the working principle is as follows:
normal transmission and interruption of PWM wave
When the tin wire connecting device works normally, the PWM wave output unit continuously outputs PWM waves, the PWM waves are transmitted on the tin wire connecting in series along a certain direction and are finally received by the PWM wave receiving unit, and the condition that all the tin wire connecting in series is normal is shown;
when certain or a plurality of battery cells take place thermal runaway, the relief valve is opened, spouts a large amount of high temperature high-pressure gas to the series connection tin silk fusing that will be located the relief valve top, and then the transmission of PWM ripples is interrupted, and the PWM ripples that PWM ripples receiving element can't normally receive the return again explains that series connection tin silk takes place fusing, proves that certain battery cell or a plurality of battery cells take place thermal runaway.
Cell voltage monitoring
When the battery voltage unit in the BMS module works normally, the real-time monitoring voltage of each single battery can be displayed in a list form through a liquid crystal display;
when one or more single batteries are in thermal runaway, the voltage of the single battery can be correspondingly changed (namely, the voltage of the single battery suddenly drops within 1s (delta V is more than or equal to 2V)), and correspondingly, the single battery in the thermal runaway can be accurately positioned through the BMS module.
And when the sudden voltage drop and the PWM wave are interrupted, the two phenomena are superposed to judge that thermal runaway occurs in the battery module, and at the moment, an alarm unit of the BMS module sends an alarm prompt.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating embodiments of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made by those skilled in the art within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a battery thermal runaway alarm system based on PWM ripples which characterized in that: the battery module comprises an FPC (flexible printed circuit) arranged above a single battery in the battery module, wherein sampling nickel sheets are welded on two sides of the FPC, and a series tin wire is arranged at the bottom of the FPC and is positioned right above a pressure release valve of the single battery; the sampling nickel sheet and the serial tin wire are connected with the BMS module through a connector;
the BMS module comprises a PWM wave output unit for outputting PWM waves to the serial tin wires and a PWM wave receiving unit for receiving the PWM waves transmitted back by the serial tin wires; the battery voltage unit is used for receiving the voltage of the single battery collected by the sampling nickel sheet;
and when the PWM wave receiving unit cannot receive the PWM waves transmitted back by the series tin wires, or the battery voltage unit monitors that the voltage of any one or more single batteries is abnormal, an alarm prompt is sent out through an alarm unit of the BMS module.
2. The PWM wave-based battery thermal runaway warning system according to claim 1, wherein: the FPC flexible circuit board is rectangular, and the length of the FPC flexible circuit board is matched with that of the battery module;
sampling nickel piece weld in FPC flexible circuit board's both sides, quantity with battery cell's quantity is the same, the one end of sampling nickel piece with correspond with it battery cell's electrode connection, the other end warp printed circuit on the FPC flexible circuit board with the end-to-end connection of corresponding probe in the connector is used for gathering the correspondence battery cell's voltage.
3. The PWM wave-based battery thermal runaway warning system according to claim 2, wherein: the body of series connection tin silk is located directly over the relief valve of battery cell, both ends through the corresponding probe of connector with the BMS module is connected.
4. The PWM wave-based battery thermal runaway warning system according to claim 1, wherein: the connector is connected with the BMS module through a wire harness.
5. The PWM wave-based battery thermal runaway warning system according to claim 1, wherein: the battery pressure relief valve is characterized by further comprising a wire harness isolation plate, wherein the wire harness isolation plate is arranged between the FPC flexible circuit board and the single batteries, electrode grooves corresponding to electrodes of the single batteries are formed in two sides of the wire harness isolation plate, and through holes corresponding to the positions of the pressure relief valves are formed in the central axis of the wire harness isolation plate.
6. The PWM wave-based battery thermal runaway warning system according to claim 5, wherein: the wiring harness isolation board is provided with a plurality of positioning columns, correspondingly, the FPC flexible circuit board is provided with positioning holes which are matched with the positioning columns in quantity and can be sleeved with the positioning columns.
7. The PWM wave-based battery thermal runaway warning system according to claim 5, wherein: the top of the through hole corresponds to the series tin wire, and the bottom of the through hole corresponds to the position of the pressure release valve.
8. The PWM wave-based battery thermal runaway warning system according to claim 1, wherein: the connector is an IMSA connector, and the model is IMSA-13065B-2-32A-TR.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120329911.4U CN214254515U (en) | 2021-02-04 | 2021-02-04 | Battery thermal runaway alarm system based on PWM wave |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120329911.4U CN214254515U (en) | 2021-02-04 | 2021-02-04 | Battery thermal runaway alarm system based on PWM wave |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN214254515U true CN214254515U (en) | 2021-09-21 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120329911.4U Active CN214254515U (en) | 2021-02-04 | 2021-02-04 | Battery thermal runaway alarm system based on PWM wave |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN214254515U (en) |
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2021
- 2021-02-04 CN CN202120329911.4U patent/CN214254515U/en active Active
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