CN214199795U

CN214199795U - Composite type hot rod for soil temperature regulation

Info

Publication number: CN214199795U
Application number: CN202022638606.1U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 游田; 李沛余; 刘建坤
Original assignee: Sun Yat Sen University
Current assignee: Sun Yat Sen University
Priority date: 2020-11-16
Filing date: 2020-11-16
Publication date: 2021-09-14
Anticipated expiration: 2030-11-16

Abstract

The utility model discloses a compound hot stick for soil temperature regulation and control, including solar photovoltaic device, compound refrigerating plant and control module, control module is connected with solar photovoltaic device and compound refrigerating plant respectively, solar photovoltaic device includes solar photovoltaic board, electric energy controller, battery, dc-to-ac converter and ammeter, compound refrigerating plant includes air-cooled condenser, motorised valve, electric expansion valve, compressor, self-supporting three-way valve and the formula evaporimeter that directly expands, control module includes sensor and controller. The utility model discloses a sharing condenser and evaporimeter, ingenious design valve and refrigerant circulation pipeline etc. not only can arrange the heat in soil high efficiency to low temperature air, still can effectively arrange it to high temperature air, and the economy of realizing the device is high-efficient. The utility model discloses but the wide application is in temperature regulation and control device field.

Description

Composite type hot rod for soil temperature regulation

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a temperature regulation and control device field especially relates to a compound hot stick for soil temperature regulation and control.

Background

In permafrost regions, the thawing of frozen soil in warm seasons and other adverse phenomena of roadbed deformation, arching, inclination and the like are caused, the stability of the high-speed railway is influenced, and even casualties and other problems are caused in severe cases. Therefore, to ensure the stability and safety of roadbed engineering in permafrost regions, the bearing capacity and thermal stability of the frozen soil must be ensured, the temperature of the frozen soil is prevented from rising, and the frozen soil layer is prevented from melting.

In order to actively cool the roadbed and prevent the soil temperature in the frozen soil area from rising, the technologies of a rock block layer, a ventilation pipe, a hot rod and the like are mostly adopted at present. One section of the traditional hot rod is buried in the soil, and the other section is exposed to the air. When the air temperature is obviously lower than the soil temperature, the liquid refrigerant of the soil section of the hot bar is heated by the soil with higher temperature, absorbs the soil heat and is evaporated into a gas state, and the gas rises to the air section; the gaseous refrigerant is then condensed by the cryogenic air, releasing heat to the air and condensing into a liquid state, which flows back to the soil section under the influence of gravity. However, the technology is mainly applied to conditions with low atmospheric temperature such as cold seasons, the increase of the temperature of the warm soil is resisted through cold storage of the soil in the cold seasons, and the annual refrigeration of the soil cannot be realized. Especially in warm seasons with higher frozen soil degradation risk, the traditional hot rod can not operate, and the problem of frozen soil melting in warm seasons can not be solved in a targeted manner.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model aims at providing a compound hot stick for soil temperature regulation and control both can adopt the thermosyphon mode refrigeration when cold season air temperature is lower, can then adopt the steam compression mode heat transfer in warm season again.

The utility model adopts the technical proposal that: a composite heat bar for regulating and controlling soil temperature, which comprises a solar photovoltaic device, a composite refrigeration device and a control module, the control module is respectively connected with the solar photovoltaic device and the composite refrigerating device, the solar photovoltaic device comprises a solar photovoltaic panel, an electric energy controller, a storage battery, an inverter and an electric meter, the solar photovoltaic panel, the electric energy controller, the inverter and the electric meter are sequentially connected, the electric energy controller is connected with the storage battery, the electric energy controller is also connected with the control module, the composite refrigeration device comprises an air-cooled condenser, a first switching module, a second switching module and a direct expansion type evaporator, the air-cooled condenser and the direct expansion evaporator are respectively connected with the first switching module and the second switching module, the first switching module, the second switching module and the air-cooled condenser are respectively connected with the control module.

Further, the first switching module comprises an electric valve and an electric expansion valve, the electric valve and the electric expansion valve are respectively connected with the air-cooled condenser, the electric valve and the electric expansion valve are respectively connected with the direct expansion evaporator, and the electric valve and the electric expansion valve are respectively connected with the control module.

Further, the second switches over the module and includes compressor and self-reliance three-way valve, compressor and self-reliance three-way valve are connected with air-cooled condenser respectively, compressor and self-reliance three-way valve are connected with the formula evaporimeter that directly expands respectively, compressor and self-reliance three-way valve are connected with control module respectively.

Further, the control module comprises a temperature sensor and a controller, the temperature sensor is connected with the controller, and the controller is respectively connected with the electric valve, the electric expansion valve, the compressor, the self-operated three-way valve, the air-cooled condenser and the electric energy controller.

The utility model has the advantages that: compared with the traditional hot rod, the hot rod has the advantages that the function of steam compression is added, the cold season air can be refrigerated by a thermosyphon mode when the temperature is lower, and the warm season air can be subjected to heat exchange by a steam compression mode. The heat in the soil can be efficiently discharged to low-temperature air, and can also be effectively discharged to high-temperature air. In addition, the composite hot rod is not simply superposed by two systems of a thermosiphon technology and a vapor compression technology, but a condenser and an evaporator are shared, valves, refrigerant circulating pipelines and the like are ingeniously designed, and therefore the economical efficiency and the high efficiency of the device are achieved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a diagram of a composite hot bar device for soil temperature control according to the present invention;

fig. 2 is a partial circuit diagram of a controller according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Reference numerals: 1. a solar photovoltaic panel; 2. an electric energy controller; 3. a storage battery; 4. an inverter; 5. an electricity meter; 6. an air-cooled condenser; 7. an electrically operated valve; 8. an electric expansion valve; 9. a compressor; 10. a self-standing three-way valve; 11. a direct expansion evaporator; 12. a controller; 13. a temperature sensor.

Detailed Description

The utility model provides a compound hot stick for soil temperature regulation and control, including solar photovoltaic device, compound refrigerating plant and control module, control module is connected with solar photovoltaic device and compound refrigerating plant respectively, solar photovoltaic device includes solar photovoltaic board 1, electric energy controller 2, battery 3, dc-to-ac converter 4 and ammeter 5, solar photovoltaic board 1, electric energy controller 2, dc-to-ac converter 4 and ammeter 5 connect gradually, electric energy controller 2 still is connected with battery 3, electric energy controller 2 is connected with control module, compound refrigerating plant includes air-cooled condenser 6, first switching module, second switching module and directly-expanding evaporimeter 11, air-cooled condenser 6 and directly-expanding evaporimeter 11 are connected with first switching module and second switching module respectively, first switching module, The second switching module and the air-cooled condenser are respectively connected with the control module.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, under the radiation of the sun, the solar photovoltaic panel 1 can generate electricity, and the generated electricity is supplied to the compound refrigeration device through the electric power controller 2. If the electric energy is still surplus, the electric energy is stored in the storage battery 3 through the adjustment of the electric energy controller 2. The battery 3 serves to store electric energy and balance the load. In the process of supplying the electric energy to the composite refrigerating device, the inverter 4 is required to convert the direct current generated by the solar photovoltaic panel 1 into alternating current for supplying, and a compressor 9 and a condenser fan of the refrigerating module are driven. The electricity meter 5 is used for metering electric energy.

Further as a preferred embodiment, the first switching module includes an electric valve 7 and an electric expansion valve 8, the electric valve 7 and the electric expansion valve 8 are respectively connected to the air-cooled condenser 6, the electric valve 7 and the electric expansion valve 8 are respectively connected to the direct expansion evaporator 11, and the electric valve 7 and the electric expansion valve 8 are respectively connected to the control module.

Further as a preferred embodiment, the second switching module includes a compressor 9 and a self-supporting three-way valve 10, the compressor 9 and the self-supporting three-way valve 10 are respectively connected to the air-cooled condenser 6, the compressor 9 and the self-supporting three-way valve 10 are respectively connected to the direct-expansion evaporator 11, and the compressor 9 and the self-supporting three-way valve 10 are respectively connected to the control module.

Further as a preferred embodiment, the control module includes a temperature sensor 13 and a controller 12, the temperature sensor 13 is connected with the controller 12, the controller 12 is connected with the electric valve 7, the electric expansion valve 8, the compressor 9, the self-operated three-way valve 10, the air-cooled condenser 6 and the electric energy controller 2, the temperature sensor 13 includes a first temperature sensor and a second temperature sensor, the first temperature sensor is used for detecting the ambient air temperature, and the second temperature sensor is used for detecting the soil temperature.

Specifically, when the ambient air temperature in the frozen soil area is obviously lower than the surface soil temperature, the compressor 9 of the composite refrigeration device does not operate, the self-operated three-way valve 10 is automatically connected with the outlet of the air-cooled condenser 6 and the inlet pipeline of the direct expansion evaporator 11, the electric expansion valve 8 is closed, the electric valve 7 is opened, and the device operates in a thermosyphon mode. In the mode, the composite refrigeration device only operates the fan 6 of the condenser, and the power consumption is less. The air-cooled condenser 6 and the direct expansion type evaporator 11 form a separated thermosiphon, and heat in the soil is discharged to the air under the driving of natural temperature difference between the air and the soil. At this time, the liquid refrigerant in the composite refrigeration device absorbs the heat in the soil in the direct expansion type evaporator 11, evaporates into a gaseous refrigerant, the gaseous refrigerant enters the air-cooled condenser 6 on the ground surface through the electric valve 7, the gaseous refrigerant in the condenser is condensed into the liquid refrigerant by the ambient low-temperature air, releases the heat, and flows into the direct expansion type evaporator 11 through the self-operated three-way valve 10, so that the thermosiphon mode cycle is completed.

When the ambient air temperature in the frozen soil area is higher than or only slightly lower than the surface soil temperature, the compressor 9 of the composite refrigeration device operates, the self-operated three-way valve 10 opens the loop of the compressor, the electric expansion valve 8 opens, the electric valve 7 closes, and the device operates in a compression refrigeration mode. In this mode, the composite refrigeration device can generate a large refrigeration capacity and a low evaporation temperature under the driving of the electric energy of the compressor 9, and rapidly cool the soil. At this time, the low-temperature and low-pressure liquid refrigerant in the composite refrigeration device absorbs the heat in the soil in the direct expansion type evaporator 11 to become a low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant, enters the compressor 9 to be compressed into high-temperature and high-pressure gas, then enters the air-cooled condenser 6 to be cooled to high-temperature and high-pressure liquid, releases heat to surrounding high-temperature air, then enters the electronic expansion valve 8 to be expanded into the low-temperature and low-pressure liquid refrigerant, and then enters the direct expansion type evaporator 11 to complete the vapor compression mode cycle.

The utility model discloses a theory of operation is: the composite heat rod for regulating the soil temperature uses solar energy as driving energy, and efficiently discharges heat in soil in a frozen soil area to air with different temperatures. The solar photovoltaic module can convert solar energy into electric energy and balance the power consumption under different operating conditions through the adjusting action of the electric energy controller and the storage battery. The hybrid refrigeration unit is operable in both a thermosiphon mode and a vapor compression mode. Under the thermosiphon mode, the composite refrigeration device only runs the fan of the air-cooled condenser, the compressor is closed, and only a small amount of electric energy is needed, so that the high-efficiency regulation of the soil temperature can be realized. Under the vapor compression mode, compound refrigerating plant's compressor and fan all operate, can improve the refrigerating output and reduce refrigeration temperature, realize the large capacity regulation to soil temperature. The composite heat bar for regulating and controlling the soil temperature can operate in different modes according to conditions such as solar radiation intensity, air temperature, user requirements and the like. Switch between multiple mode through opening of compressor and opening and close of valve, include: the solar energy power storage mode, the solar energy power supply + thermosyphon mode, the solar energy power supply + steam compression mode, battery power supply + thermosyphon mode, battery power supply + steam compression mode, solar energy combined battery power supply + thermosyphon mode, solar energy combined battery power supply + steam compression mode.

The composite type hot rod for regulating and controlling the soil temperature can realize the following independent operation modes:

1 solar power storage mode: when the solar radiation is strong, the solar photovoltaic panel 1 generates more power. If the soil temperature in the frozen soil area is low at this moment and refrigeration is not needed, the refrigeration device can be out of operation, and the generated energy of the solar energy is directly stored in the storage battery 3.

2 solar power supply + thermosiphon mode: the cooling device operates in a thermosyphon mode when the ambient air temperature is significantly lower than the soil temperature and the soil requires cooling. At the moment, if the solar radiation is strong and the generated energy can meet the requirement of the mode, the composite hot rod operates the solar power supply and thermosyphon mode. In this mode, the compressor 9 and the motor-driven expansion valve 8 are closed, and only the fan of the air-cooled condenser 6 consumes power. The liquid refrigerant in the composite refrigerating device absorbs the heat in the soil in the direct expansion type evaporator 11, evaporates into gaseous refrigerant, the gaseous refrigerant enters the air-cooled condenser 6 on the ground surface through the electric valve 7, the gaseous refrigerant in the condenser is condensed into liquid refrigerant by the low-temperature air of the environment, releases the heat, and flows into the direct expansion type evaporator 11 through the self-operated three-way valve 10 to complete the thermosiphon mode circulation, and if residual electric quantity exists, the liquid refrigerant can enter the storage battery for storage.

3 solar power supply + vapor compression mode: when the ambient air temperature is higher than the soil temperature and the soil needs to be refrigerated, the refrigerating device operates the steam compression mode. At the moment, if the solar radiation is strong and the generated energy can meet the requirement of the mode, the composite hot rod operates the solar power supply and steam compression mode. In this mode, the compressor 9 is operated, the self-operated three-way valve 10 opens the compression loop, the electric expansion valve 8 opens, and the electric valve 7 closes. The low-temperature low-pressure liquid refrigerant in the composite refrigerating device absorbs the heat in the soil in the direct expansion type evaporator 11 to become low-temperature low-pressure gas refrigerant, enters the compressor 9 to be compressed into high-temperature high-pressure gas, then enters the air-cooled condenser 6 to be cooled to high-temperature high-pressure liquid, releases heat to surrounding high-temperature air, then enters the electronic expansion valve 8 to be expanded into low-temperature low-pressure liquid refrigerant, then enters the direct expansion type evaporator 11 to complete the circulation of a steam compression mode, and if residual electric quantity exists, the low-temperature low-pressure liquid refrigerant can enter the storage battery to store electricity.

4 battery power supply + thermosiphon mode: the cooling device operates in a thermosyphon mode when the ambient air temperature is significantly lower than the soil temperature and the soil requires cooling. At this time, if the solar radiation intensity is almost zero and normal power generation cannot be realized, and the storage battery 3 has the stored electric quantity to meet the requirement of the mode, the compound heat bar operates the storage battery power supply and thermosyphon mode. In this mode, the compressor 9 and the motor-driven expansion valve 8 are closed, and only the fan of the air-cooled condenser 6 consumes power. The liquid refrigerant in the composite refrigerating device absorbs the heat in the soil in the direct expansion type evaporator 11 and is evaporated into gaseous refrigerant, the gaseous refrigerant enters the air-cooled condenser 6 on the ground surface through the electric valve 7, the gaseous refrigerant in the condenser is condensed into the liquid refrigerant by the low-temperature air of the environment, the heat is released, and the liquid refrigerant flows into the direct expansion type evaporator 11 through the self-operated three-way valve 10, so that the thermosiphon mode circulation is completed.

5, power supply of a storage battery and a steam compression mode: when the ambient air temperature is higher than the soil temperature and the soil needs to be refrigerated, the refrigerating device operates the steam compression mode. At the moment, if the solar radiation intensity is almost zero and normal power generation cannot be realized, and the storage battery has the stored power amount to meet the requirement of the mode, the storage battery power supply and the steam compression mode are operated by the composite hot bar. In this mode, the compressor 9 is operated, the self-operated three-way valve 10 opens the compressor loop, the electric expansion valve 8 is opened, and the electric valve 7 is closed. The low-temperature low-pressure liquid refrigerant in the composite refrigerating device absorbs the heat in the soil in the direct expansion type evaporator 11 to become low-temperature low-pressure gas refrigerant, enters the compressor 9 to be compressed into high-temperature high-pressure gas, then enters the air-cooled condenser 6 to be cooled to high-temperature high-pressure liquid, releases heat to surrounding high-temperature air, then enters the electronic expansion valve 8 to be expanded into low-temperature low-pressure liquid refrigerant, and then enters the direct expansion type evaporator 11 to finish the circulation of a steam compression mode.

6, solar power generation, storage battery power supply and thermosiphon mode: the cooling device operates in a thermosyphon mode when the ambient air temperature is significantly lower than the soil temperature and the soil requires cooling. At the moment, if the solar radiation intensity is high and the generated energy cannot completely meet the operation of the thermosyphon mode, the storage battery stores the electric quantity, the storage battery 3 and the solar photovoltaic panel 1 can supply power together, and the composite thermal rod operates the solar power generation, storage battery power storage and thermosyphon modes. In this mode, the compressor 9 and the motor-driven expansion valve 8 are closed, and only the fan of the air-cooled condenser 6 consumes power. The liquid refrigerant in the composite refrigerating device absorbs the heat in the soil in the direct expansion type evaporator 11 and is evaporated into the gaseous refrigerant, the gaseous refrigerant enters the air-cooled condenser 6 on the ground surface through the electric valve, the gaseous refrigerant in the condenser is condensed into the liquid refrigerant by the ambient low-temperature air, the heat is released, and the liquid refrigerant flows into the direct expansion type evaporator 11 through the self-operated three-way valve 10, so that the thermosiphon mode circulation is completed.

7 solar energy combined storage battery power supply + vapor compression mode: when the ambient air temperature is higher than the soil temperature and the soil needs to be refrigerated, the refrigerating device operates the steam compression mode. If the solar radiation intensity is not high and the generated energy cannot completely meet the operation of a steam compression mode, the storage battery 3 stores electric energy, the storage battery 3 and the solar photovoltaic panel 1 can supply power together, and the composite heat bar operates the solar power generation and the storage battery power supply + the steam compression mode. In this mode, the compressor 9 is operated, the self-operated three-way valve 10 opens the compressor loop, the electric expansion valve 8 is opened, and the electric valve 7 is closed. The low-temperature low-pressure liquid refrigerant in the composite refrigerating device absorbs the heat in the soil in the direct expansion type evaporator 11 to become low-temperature low-pressure gas refrigerant, enters the compressor 9 to be compressed into high-temperature high-pressure gas, then enters the air-cooled condenser 6 to be cooled to high-temperature high-pressure liquid, releases heat to surrounding high-temperature air, then enters the electronic expansion 8 valve to be expanded into low-temperature low-pressure liquid refrigerant, and then enters the direct expansion type evaporator 11 to finish the steam compression mode circulation.

In order to realize the switching of the above 7 operation modes, the switching can be realized by a voltage comparator and a logic gate. Referring specifically to fig. 2, the output value of the second temperature sensor is smaller than the first reference voltage, and the second comparator U2 outputs a low level; the generated energy of the inverter is greater than the second reference voltage, the voltage comparator U3 outputs high level, and the solar energy storage mode is operated. The output value of the first temperature sensor is smaller than that of the second temperature sensor, and the first comparator U1 outputs a low level; the output value of the second temperature sensor is greater than the first reference voltage, and the second comparator U2 outputs a high level; the power generation amount of the inverter is larger than the second reference voltage, the third comparator U3 outputs high level, and the solar power supply and thermosyphon mode is operated. The output value of the first temperature sensor is greater than that of the second temperature sensor, and the first comparator U1 outputs a high level; the output value of the second temperature sensor is greater than the first reference voltage, and the second comparator U2 outputs a high level; the generated energy of the inverter is larger than the third reference voltage, the fourth comparator U4 outputs high level, and the solar power supply and steam compression mode is operated. The output value of the first temperature sensor is smaller than that of the second temperature sensor, and the first comparator U1 outputs a low level; the output value of the second temperature sensor is greater than the first reference voltage, and the second comparator U2 outputs a high level; the power generation amount of the inverter is smaller than the second reference voltage, and the third comparator U3 outputs a low level; the power supply of the storage battery is higher than the second reference voltage, the fifth comparator U5 outputs high level, and the storage battery power supply and thermosyphon mode is operated. The output value of the first temperature sensor is greater than that of the second temperature sensor, and the first comparator U1 outputs a high level; the output value of the second temperature sensor is greater than the first reference voltage, and the second comparator U2 outputs a high level; the power generation amount of the inverter is smaller than the third reference voltage, and the fourth comparator U4 outputs a low level; the power supply of the storage battery is higher than the third reference voltage, the sixth comparator U6 outputs a high level, and the storage battery power supply and the steam compression mode are operated. The output value of the first temperature sensor is smaller than that of the second temperature sensor, and the first comparator U1 outputs a low level; the output value of the second temperature sensor is greater than the first reference voltage, and the second comparator U2 outputs a high level; the power generation amount of the inverter is smaller than the second reference voltage, and the third comparator U3 outputs a low level; the power supply amount of the storage battery is lower than the second reference voltage, and the fifth comparator U5 outputs a low level; and when the combined power generation amount of the inverter and the storage battery is larger than the second reference voltage and the seventh comparator U7 outputs a high level, the solar energy combined storage battery power supply and thermosyphon mode is operated. The output value of the first temperature sensor is greater than that of the second temperature sensor, and the first comparator U1 outputs a high level; the output value of the second temperature sensor is greater than the first reference voltage, and the second comparator U2 outputs a high level; the power generation amount of the inverter is smaller than the third reference voltage, and the fourth comparator U4 outputs a low level; the power supply amount of the storage battery is lower than the third reference voltage, and the sixth comparator U6 outputs a low level; and when the combined power generation amount of the inverter and the storage battery is larger than the third reference voltage and the eighth comparator U8 outputs a high level, the solar combined storage battery power supply and steam compression mode is operated.

While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make various equivalent modifications or substitutions without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and such equivalent modifications or substitutions are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A composite heat bar for regulating and controlling soil temperature is characterized by comprising a solar photovoltaic device, a composite refrigeration device and a control module, the control module is respectively connected with the solar photovoltaic device and the composite refrigerating device, the solar photovoltaic device comprises a solar photovoltaic panel, an electric energy controller, a storage battery, an inverter and an electric meter, the solar photovoltaic panel, the electric energy controller, the inverter and the electric meter are sequentially connected, the electric energy controller is also connected with the storage battery, the electric energy controller is connected with the control module, the composite refrigeration device comprises an air-cooled condenser, a first switching module, a second switching module and a direct expansion type evaporator, the air-cooled condenser and the direct expansion evaporator are respectively connected with the first switching module and the second switching module, the first switching module, the second switching module and the air-cooled condenser are respectively connected with the control module.

2. The composite type heat bar for soil temperature control of claim 1, wherein the first switching module comprises an electric valve and an electric expansion valve, the electric valve and the electric expansion valve are respectively connected with the air-cooled condenser, the electric valve and the electric expansion valve are respectively connected with the direct expansion type evaporator, and the electric valve and the electric expansion valve are respectively connected with the control module.

3. A composite heat rod for soil temperature control according to claim 2, wherein the second switching module comprises a compressor and a self-supporting three-way valve, the compressor and the self-supporting three-way valve are respectively connected with the air-cooled condenser, the compressor and the self-supporting three-way valve are respectively connected with the direct expansion evaporator, and the compressor and the self-supporting three-way valve are respectively connected with the control module.

4. A composite heat rod for soil temperature control according to claim 3, wherein the control module comprises a temperature sensor and a controller, the temperature sensor is connected with the controller, and the controller is respectively connected with the electric valve, the electric expansion valve, the compressor, the self-operated three-way valve, the air-cooled condenser and the electric energy controller.