CN214177162U - Voltage-sharing circuit of power switch device - Google Patents
Voltage-sharing circuit of power switch device Download PDFInfo
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- CN214177162U CN214177162U CN202022840714.7U CN202022840714U CN214177162U CN 214177162 U CN214177162 U CN 214177162U CN 202022840714 U CN202022840714 U CN 202022840714U CN 214177162 U CN214177162 U CN 214177162U
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Abstract
The application provides a voltage-sharing circuit of power switching device, includes: the first power switch device and the second power switch device are connected between a power supply and the ground in series; the first absorption branch comprises a first capacitor and is used for controlling the voltage between the first end and the second end of the first power switch device; the second absorption branch comprises a second capacitor and is used for controlling the voltage between the first end and the second end of the second power switch device; the first voltage-sharing branch circuit is connected in parallel with two ends of the first capacitor, connected to the second capacitor and used for controlling the first voltage and the second voltage to be consistent when the first voltage at two ends of the first capacitor is greater than the second voltage at two ends of the second capacitor. According to the method and the device, the problem of dynamic uneven voltage caused by the moment of switching on and the moment of switching off the power switch device can be solved, series voltage balancing of the power switch device is better realized, and the performance of the power switch device is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of power switching devices, and more particularly, to voltage sharing circuits for power switching devices.
Background
With the increasing demand of modern power technology, the power switch device series technology is receiving increasing attention. The series connection of the power switch devices can obtain higher rated working voltage and better switching performance in application, but the series connection of the power switch devices is easy to generate voltage imbalance, so that overvoltage of the devices is caused. The voltage-sharing technology of the existing power switch device is only suitable for the occasions with low voltage and low power, and the voltage at two ends of the power switch device connected in series is still unbalanced in the occasions with high voltage and high power.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The present application has been made in view of the above problems. The application provides a voltage equalizing circuit of a power switch device, which is used for at least solving the problem of unbalanced voltage at two ends of the power switch devices connected in series.
According to a first aspect of the present application, there is provided a voltage equalizing circuit of a power switching device, comprising: the power supply comprises a first power switch device, a second power switch device, a first absorption branch, a second absorption branch and a first voltage-sharing branch; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the first power switch device and the second power switch device are connected in series between a power supply and ground;
the first absorption branch comprises a first capacitor, the first capacitor is connected in parallel with the first end and the second end of the first power switch device and is used for controlling the voltage between the first end and the second end of the first power switch device;
the second absorption branch comprises a second capacitor, and the second capacitor is connected in parallel with the first end and the second end of the second power switch device and is used for controlling the voltage between the first end and the second end of the second power switch device;
the first voltage-sharing branch circuit is connected in parallel with two ends of the first capacitor, is connected to the second capacitor, and is used for controlling the first voltage and the second voltage to be consistent when the first voltage at two ends of the first capacitor is greater than the second voltage at two ends of the second capacitor.
Optionally, the first voltage equalizing branch includes: the circuit comprises a first resistor, a second resistor, a voltage follower and a switch; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the first resistor and the second resistor are connected in series and connected to two ends of the first capacitor;
a first input end of the voltage follower is connected between the first resistor and the second resistor, a second input end of the voltage follower is connected to an output end of the voltage follower, and an output end of the voltage follower is connected to a control end of the switch;
the first end of the switch is connected to the second capacitor, and the second end of the switch is connected to the first capacitor.
Optionally, when a first voltage across the first capacitor is greater than a second voltage across the second capacitor, the first power switch device, the second capacitor, and the switch form a charging loop, so that the first capacitor charges the second capacitor until the first voltage and the second voltage are consistent.
Optionally, the first sinking branch further comprises a first diode connected between the first capacitor and the second terminal of the first power switch device, and configured to limit a voltage between the first terminal and the second terminal of the first power switch device when the first power switch device is turned off;
the second absorption branch circuit further comprises a second diode, which is connected between the second capacitor and the second end of the second power switch device, and is used for limiting a voltage between the first end and the second end of the second power switch device when the second power switch device is turned off.
Optionally, the voltage equalizing circuit of the power switching device further includes: and the second voltage-sharing branch circuit is connected in parallel with two ends of the second capacitor and is used for controlling the voltage at the two ends of the second capacitor.
Optionally, the second voltage equalizing branch comprises: and the third resistor and the voltage stabilizing circuit are both connected with the second capacitor in parallel.
Optionally, the voltage equalizing circuit of the power switching device further includes: a third voltage-sharing branch and a fourth voltage-sharing branch, wherein,
the third voltage-sharing branch comprises a first clamping circuit and a first buffer circuit, and the first clamping circuit and the first buffer circuit are connected between the first end and the control end of the first power switch device in series;
the fourth voltage-sharing branch comprises a second clamping circuit and a second buffer circuit, and the second clamping circuit and the second buffer circuit are connected between the first end and the control end of the second power switch device in series.
Optionally, the first clamp circuit and/or the second clamp circuit comprises: a zener diode or a plurality of zener diodes connected in series.
Optionally, the first buffer circuit comprises a fourth resistor and a third capacitor connected in parallel; and/or the second buffer circuit comprises a fifth resistor and a fourth capacitor which are connected in parallel.
Optionally, the voltage equalizing circuit of the power switching device further includes: a fifth voltage-sharing branch and a sixth voltage-sharing branch, wherein,
the fifth voltage-sharing branch comprises a fifth capacitor and is connected between the second end and the control end of the first power switch device;
and the sixth voltage-sharing branch comprises a sixth capacitor connected between the second end and the control end of the second power switch device.
According to the voltage-sharing circuit of the power switch device, the voltage-sharing branch circuit is arranged between the non-control ends of the power switch device, the problem of dynamic uneven voltage caused by the instant of switching on and switching off of the power switch device can be solved, series voltage sharing of the power switch device is better realized, and the performance of the power switch device is improved.
Drawings
The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present application will become more apparent by describing in more detail embodiments of the present application with reference to the attached drawings. The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the application. In the drawings, like reference numbers generally represent like parts or steps.
Fig. 1 is a schematic and schematic diagram of a voltage-sharing circuit of a power switching device according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, exemplary embodiments according to the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application and not all embodiments of the present application, and that the present application is not limited by the example embodiments described herein. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the application described in the application without inventive step, shall fall within the scope of protection of the application.
The development of power electronics places higher demands on the voltage rating range of power electronics devices. High-power switching devices such as IGBTs become power electronic devices with very wide application prospects due to good switching performance of the high-power switching devices. However, the maximum rated voltage of the existing IGBT is only 6.5 kV. The series connection of the IGBTs can not only obtain higher rated working voltage in application, but also obtain better switching performance under the same voltage level. However, voltage imbalance is easily generated in the series connection of the IGBTs, so that overvoltage of devices is caused, and the problem that the existing series connection of the IGBTs needs to be solved is solved.
In the process of switching on and switching off the series-connected power switching devices, because the triggering capacity of each power switching device is different and the manufacturing process of the IGBTs is different, even if the IGBTs of the same type of the same manufacturer are different, the switching time or the performance of the IGBTs are different, and the switching speed of the IGBTs is inevitably inconsistent in the switching process due to the reasons, if the voltage at two ends of the two series-connected IGBTs is constant, the voltage at two ends of the IGBT which is firstly switched on is firstly reduced, and the IGBT which is then switched on is inevitably subjected to almost all the voltage; the same is true at shutdown. This leads to a problem of voltage imbalance when the power switches are operated in series.
In view of the above, the present application provides a voltage equalizing circuit for a power switching device. Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a voltage equalizing circuit of a power switching device according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 1, a voltage equalizing circuit 100 of a power switching device includes:
first power switch device T1A second power switch device T2A first absorption branch 110, a second absorption branch 120 and a first pressure equalizing branch 130; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the first power switch device T1And said second power switch device T2Is connected in series between the power supply + and the ground-;
the first absorption branch 110 comprises a first capacitor C13Said first capacitor C13Is connected in parallel with the first power switch device T1For controlling the first power switch device T1A voltage between the first terminal and the second terminal;
the second absorption branch 120 comprises a second capacitor C23Said second capacitor C23Is connected in parallel with the second power switch device T2For controlling the second power switch device T2A voltage between the first terminal and the second terminal;
the first voltage-sharing branch 130 is connected in parallel to the first capacitor C13And is connected to the second capacitor C23For when the first capacitor C is13The first voltage at two ends is larger than the second capacitor C23And when the second voltage is applied to the two ends, controlling the first voltage and the second voltage to be consistent.
Wherein, in the first power switch device T1And a second power switch device T2In the process of conduction, when it is firstCapacitor C13The first voltage at two ends is greater than the second capacitor C23At the second voltage at both ends, the first capacitor C13Can pass through the first power switch device T1And the first voltage-sharing branch 130 form a charging loop for the second capacitor C23Charging until the first capacitor C13A first voltage and a second capacitor C at two ends23The second voltages at both ends are equal. Compared with the traditional voltage-sharing technology, according to the voltage-sharing circuit provided by the embodiment of the application, the voltage-sharing branch circuit is arranged between the non-control ends of the power switch devices, the problem of dynamic uneven voltage caused by the instant switching-on and switching-off of the power switch devices can be solved, the series voltage-sharing of the power switch devices is better realized, the performance of the power switch devices is improved, and the service life of the power switch devices is prolonged. The voltage-sharing circuit is suitable for being widely applied to various occasions needing voltage sharing of power switching devices.
In some embodiments, the first power switch T1And/or a second power switch device T2May include one of: BJT (Bipolar Junction Transistor), SCR (Silicon Controlled Rectifier), GTO (Gate Turn-off Thyristor), MOSFET (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor), IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor), MCT (Field Controlled Thyristor), or SIT (Static induction Transistor).
In some embodiments, the first power switch T1Second power switch device T2May be an IGBT. Further, a first power switch device T1Second power switch device T2May be a first power switch device T1Second power switch device T2The collector electrode of (1). Further, a first power switch device T1Second power switch device T2May be the first power switch device T1Second power switch device T2An emitter of (1). Further, the first power switch device T1Second power switch device T2The control terminal of (a) may be the first power switch device T1Second power switch device T2A gate electrode of (1).
Optionally, referring to fig. 1, the first absorption branch 110 further includes a first diode D1Connected to said first capacitor C13And the first power switch device T1Between the second terminals of the first power switch device T1Limiting the first power switch device T when it is turned off1Between the first terminal and the second terminal.
The second absorption branch 120 further includes a second diode D2Is connected to the second capacitor C23And the second power switch device T2Between the second terminals of the second power switch device T2Limiting the second power switch T when it is off2Between the first terminal and the second terminal.
In some embodiments, the first diode D1And the first capacitor C13Connected by a first diode D1And the first power switch device T1Is connected to the emitter.
In some embodiments, the second diode D2And the second capacitor C23Connected, second diode D2And the second power switch device T2Is connected to the emitter.
In particular, in the first power switch device T1And a second power switch device T2Are respectively connected with a first capacitor C in parallel13And a second capacitor C23During the turn-off process, due to the first diode D1And a second diode D2Clamping action of the first power switching device T1And a second power switch device T2Turn-off voltage U ofceRespectively not exceeding the first capacitance C13And a second capacitor C23Voltage across, thereby limiting the first power switch device T1And a second power switch device T2Turn-off voltage U ofce。
Optionally, the first voltage equalizing branch 130 includes: a first resistor R12A second resistor R13Voltage follower P1And switch T3(ii) a Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the first resistor R12And said second resistance R13Is connected in series and to the first capacitor C13Two ends;
the voltage follower P1Is connected to the first resistor R12And said second resistance R13Between, the voltage follower P1Is connected to the voltage follower P1The output terminal of said voltage follower P1Is connected to the switch T3The control terminal of (1);
the switch T3Is connected to the second capacitor C23Said switch T3Is connected to the first capacitor C13In the meantime.
In some embodiments, the switch T3One of the following may also be included: BJT (Bipolar Junction Transistor), SCR (Silicon Controlled Rectifier), GTO (Gate Turn-off Thyristor), MOSFET (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor), IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor), MCT (Field Controlled Thyristor), or SIT (Static Induction Transistor).
In some embodiments, the switch T3May be an IGBT. Further, the switch T3May be a collector connected to said second capacitance C23And the second diode D2In the meantime. Further, the switch T3May be an emitter connected to said first capacitance C13And the first diode D1In the meantime.
In some embodiments, the switch T3Can be controlled byIs a gate.
Optionally, when a first voltage across the first capacitor is greater than a second voltage across the second capacitor, the first power switch device, the second capacitor, and the switch form a charging loop, so that the first capacitor charges the second capacitor until the first voltage and the second voltage are consistent.
In particular, in the first power switch device T1And a second power switch device T2If the first capacitor C is turned on13The voltage at two ends is greater than that of the second capacitor C23A voltage across the terminals, a first resistor R12The voltage at both ends is increased by a voltage follower P1Make the switch T3When turned on, the first capacitor C13And a first power switch device T1A second capacitor C23Switch T3Forming a charging loop to make the first capacitor C13For the second capacitor C23Charging is carried out until the first capacitor C13And a second capacitor C23Are equal, thereby realizing the first capacitor C13And a second capacitor C23The voltages are equal.
Optionally, the voltage equalizing circuit 100 of the power switching device further includes: a second voltage equalizing branch 140 connected in parallel to the second capacitor C23For controlling the second capacitance C23The voltage across the terminals.
In some embodiments, the second voltage grading branch 140 comprises: third resistor R22And a voltage stabilizing circuit 141, wherein the third resistor R22And the voltage stabilizing circuit 141 and the second capacitor C23And (4) connecting in parallel.
Specifically, the voltage across the second capacitor C23 can be further controlled by the voltage stabilizing circuit 141 to indirectly control the voltage of the first capacitor C13, so as to implement the first power switch device T1And a second power switch device T2The series voltage sharing greatly improves the performance of the power switch device.
Optionally, the voltage equalizing circuit 100 of the power switching device further includes: a third voltage grading branch 150 and a fourth voltage grading branch 160, wherein,
the third voltage-sharing branch 150 comprises a first clamping circuit 151 and a first buffer circuit 152, wherein the first clamping circuit 151 and the first buffer circuit 152 are connected in series to the first power switch device T1Between the first end and the control end;
the fourth voltage-sharing branch 160 comprises a second clamping circuit 161 and a second buffer circuit 162, wherein the second clamping circuit 161 and the second buffer circuit 162 are connected in series to the second power switch device T2Between the first end and the control end.
Optionally, the first clamp circuit 151 and/or the second clamp circuit 161 include: at least one series zener diode.
Optionally, the first buffer circuit 152 includes a fourth resistor R connected in parallel11And a third capacitance C11(ii) a And/or, the second buffer circuit 162 comprises a fifth resistor R connected in parallel21And a fourth capacitance C21。
In some embodiments, the first clamping circuit 151 includes a first zener diode D in series11And a second zener diode D12. Further, the first zener diode D11And the first power switch device T1Is connected to the first terminal of the first zener diode D11And the second zener diode D12The cathode of the second zener diode D12Anode and third capacitor C11Is connected to a third capacitor C11Is connected to the first power switch device T1The control terminal of (1).
In some embodiments, the second clamp circuit 161 includes a third zener diode D in series21And a fourth zener diode D22. Further, the third zener diode D21And the second power switch device T2Is connected to the first terminal of the third zener diode D21And the fourth zener diode D22The fourth voltage regulation, the fourth voltage regulationDiode D22Anode and fourth capacitor C21Is connected to a fourth capacitor C21Is connected to the second power switch device T2The control terminal of (1).
In particular, in the first power switch device T1And a second power switch device T2An active clamping circuit and a buffer circuit are arranged between the collector (C) and the grid (G) of the first power switch device T1Second power switch device T2Voltage U across the gate (G) -emitter (E) ofGEIs greater than the clamping voltage U of the active clamp circuits 151 and 161DWhen the clamp circuits 151 and 161 are turned on, the third capacitor C is charged11And a fourth capacitance C21Charging can reduce the first power switch device T1Second power switch device T2Du of the switch-off instantceSlope of/dt, slowing down the first power switch device T1Second power switch device T2The turn-off speed of the first power switch device T can be improved1Second power switch device T2Turn-off voltage U ofceThe consistency of the rising rate reduces the voltage U due to the turn-offceDynamic unbalanced voltage caused by inconsistent rising rate when the first power switch device T1Second power switch device T2Third capacitor C after stable turn-off11And a fourth capacitance C21Respectively pass through a fourth resistor R11And a fifth resistor R21And discharging is performed.
Optionally, the voltage equalizing circuit 100 of the power switching device further includes: a fifth voltage-sharing branch and a sixth voltage-sharing branch, wherein,
the fifth voltage-sharing branch comprises a fifth capacitor C12Is connected to the first power switch device T1Between the second end and the control end;
the sixth voltage-sharing branch comprises a sixth capacitor C22Is connected to the second power switch device T2Between the second terminal and the control terminal.
In particular, in the first power switch device T1And a second power switch device T2Of the gate (G) -emitter (E)The gate pole compensation capacitor connected in parallel is the fifth capacitor C12And a sixth capacitance C22The first power switch device T can be reduced1And a second power switch device T2The turn-off delay time difference caused by the inconsistency of the characteristic parameters of the series power switch device reduces the turn-off voltage U of the series power switch deviceceThe starting point distance of the power switching device is further reduced, the influence of non-voltage-sharing during turn-off is further reduced, and voltage sharing of the power switching device is further realized.
Therefore, according to the voltage-sharing circuit of the embodiment of the application, voltage-sharing control is respectively carried out on each two ends (such as the G-E end, the G-C end and the C-E end of the IGBT) of the power switch device by adopting different voltage-sharing circuits, dynamic non-voltage-sharing caused by characteristic parameters of the power switch device, the turn-on moment and the turn-off moment can be reduced, the driving delay time of the power switch device is shortened, the turn-off voltage slope difference of the power switch device is reduced, and series voltage-sharing of the power switch device is better realized.
According to the voltage-sharing circuit of the power switch device, the voltage-sharing branch circuit is arranged between the non-control ends of the power switch device, the problem of dynamic uneven voltage caused by the instant of switching on and switching off of the power switch device can be solved, series voltage sharing of the power switch device is better realized, and the performance of the power switch device is improved.
In the description herein, reference to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present application or the description thereof, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, and shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application. The protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A voltage equalizing circuit for a power switching device, said circuit comprising: the power supply comprises a first power switch device, a second power switch device, a first absorption branch, a second absorption branch and a first voltage-sharing branch; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the first power switch device and the second power switch device are connected in series between a power supply and ground;
the first absorption branch comprises a first capacitor, the first capacitor is connected in parallel with the first end and the second end of the first power switch device and is used for controlling the voltage between the first end and the second end of the first power switch device;
the second absorption branch comprises a second capacitor, and the second capacitor is connected in parallel with the first end and the second end of the second power switch device and is used for controlling the voltage between the first end and the second end of the second power switch device;
the first voltage-sharing branch circuit is connected in parallel with two ends of the first capacitor, is connected to the second capacitor, and is used for controlling the first voltage and the second voltage to be consistent when the first voltage at two ends of the first capacitor is greater than the second voltage at two ends of the second capacitor.
2. The voltage-sharing circuit of the power switch device according to claim 1, wherein the first voltage-sharing branch comprises: the circuit comprises a first resistor, a second resistor, a voltage follower and a switch; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the first resistor and the second resistor are connected in series and connected to two ends of the first capacitor;
a first input end of the voltage follower is connected between the first resistor and the second resistor, a second input end of the voltage follower is connected to an output end of the voltage follower, and an output end of the voltage follower is connected to a control end of the switch;
the first end of the switch is connected to the second capacitor, and the second end of the switch is connected to the first capacitor.
3. The voltage equalizer circuit for power switches according to claim 2, wherein when a first voltage across the first capacitor is greater than a second voltage across the second capacitor, the first power switch, the second capacitor and the switch form a charging loop, such that the first capacitor charges the second capacitor until the first voltage and the second voltage are consistent.
4. The voltage equalizer circuit of the power switch device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first sinking branch further comprises a first diode connected between the first capacitor and the second terminal of the first power switch device for limiting a voltage between the first terminal and the second terminal of the first power switch device when the first power switch device is turned off;
the second absorption branch circuit further comprises a second diode, which is connected between the second capacitor and the second end of the second power switch device, and is used for limiting a voltage between the first end and the second end of the second power switch device when the second power switch device is turned off.
5. The voltage equalizing circuit of power switching devices according to claim 1, further comprising: and the second voltage-sharing branch circuit is connected in parallel with two ends of the second capacitor and is used for controlling the voltage at the two ends of the second capacitor.
6. The voltage-sharing circuit of the power switch device according to claim 5, wherein the second voltage-sharing branch comprises: and the third resistor and the voltage stabilizing circuit are both connected with the second capacitor in parallel.
7. The voltage equalizing circuit of power switching devices according to claim 1, further comprising: a third voltage-sharing branch and a fourth voltage-sharing branch, wherein,
the third voltage-sharing branch comprises a first clamping circuit and a first buffer circuit, and the first clamping circuit and the first buffer circuit are connected between the first end and the control end of the first power switch device in series;
the fourth voltage-sharing branch comprises a second clamping circuit and a second buffer circuit, and the second clamping circuit and the second buffer circuit are connected between the first end and the control end of the second power switch device in series.
8. The voltage-sharing circuit of the power switch device according to claim 7, wherein the first clamping circuit and/or the second clamping circuit comprises: a zener diode or a plurality of zener diodes connected in series.
9. The voltage equalizing circuit of claim 7, wherein the first snubber circuit comprises a fourth resistor and a third capacitor connected in parallel; and/or the second buffer circuit comprises a fifth resistor and a fourth capacitor which are connected in parallel.
10. The voltage equalizing circuit of power switching devices according to claim 1, further comprising: a fifth voltage-sharing branch and a sixth voltage-sharing branch, wherein,
the fifth voltage-sharing branch comprises a fifth capacitor and is connected between the second end and the control end of the first power switch device;
and the sixth voltage-sharing branch comprises a sixth capacitor connected between the second end and the control end of the second power switch device.
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| CN202022840714.7U CN214177162U (en) | 2020-11-30 | 2020-11-30 | Voltage-sharing circuit of power switch device |
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