CN214170784U

CN214170784U - Balance type oil pumping machine

Info

Publication number: CN214170784U
Application number: CN202120030248.8U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孔繁琪; 武众; 刘彦伯; 郭啸宇; 黄新春
Original assignee: Northwestern Polytechnical University
Current assignee: Northwestern Polytechnical University
Priority date: 2021-01-07
Filing date: 2021-01-07
Publication date: 2021-09-10
Anticipated expiration: 2031-01-07

Abstract

The utility model relates to oil exploitation equipment, in particular to a balance type oil pumping unit, which comprises a cement body, a pumping unit platform is supported on the cement body, a belt pulley is arranged on the pumping unit platform, a bearing belt is supported on the belt pulley, one end of the bearing belt is connected with a sucker rod through a clamp, the other end of the bearing belt is respectively connected with a counterweight and a lifting device, the counterweight is arranged in a counterweight well at one side of the cement body, the lifting device is arranged in the cement body and drives the counterweight and the sucker rod to do up and down lifting reciprocating motion through the vertical lifting reciprocating motion of the lifting device to realize oil pumping, the utility model utilizes the structural form of a balance, uses circulating water as a medium for transmitting power to reduce energy loss, uses a water pump to make water circularly flow, and changes weight through a lifting water tank by using a working mode of continuous filling and discharging, so that the loads at two ends of the machine are different, and the machine reciprocates to achieve the purpose of pumping oil.

Description

Balance type oil pumping machine

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an oil development equipment technical field especially relates to a balance formula beam-pumping unit.

Background

In oil extraction, oil is deeply buried in the ground, so that it is necessary to extract oil from the ground to the surface using a special oil extraction device, which is generally an oil pumping unit. At present, the pumping unit which is widely used is a beam pumping unit. The working principle is as follows: the power machine supplies power, the high-speed rotation of the power machine is changed into the low-speed rotation of the crank of the oil pumping machine through the speed reducer, the rotary motion is changed into the up-and-down reciprocating motion of the horse head of the oil pumping machine through the crank-connecting rod-walking beam mechanism, and the deep well pump is driven to work through the rope hanger assembly. The main parts of the beam-pumping unit are: a power machine; a speed reducer for transmitting power and reducing speed; a four-bar mechanism (crank, connecting rod, walking beam, bracket, beam and base) for transmitting power and changing rotary motion into reciprocating motion; a horsehead and a polished rod eye assembly which can transmit power and ensure the polished rod to do reciprocating linear motion; a brake device which enables the oil pumping machine to stay at any position, a balancing device which enables the power to work within a small load change range, and the like.

The existing oil pumping unit has the following defects: the mechanical efficiency is low, the reciprocating motion is realized by rotating the crankshaft of the motor to the oil cylinder through a belt speed reduction mechanism, a gear speed reduction mechanism, a four-bar mechanism and the like, the energy consumption in the process is large, and the mechanical transmission efficiency is low; the oil rod is easy to wear and short in service life, a large driving torque is needed for realizing the movement of the oil rod, the increase of the torque enables parts to wear quickly, and in conclusion, the service life is short; the pump bumping function is difficult to realize; there is no self-diagnostic capability. The existing beam-pumping unit has the disadvantages of complex beam-connecting rod-crank structure, low transmission efficiency and large mass of the structure, so that the whole pumping unit has high energy consumption and low system efficiency.

Disclosure of Invention

An object of the utility model is to avoid the not enough of prior art to provide a simple structure, convenient to use's multi-functional chain spanner.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme: a balance type oil pumping unit is characterized by comprising a cement machine body, wherein an oil pumping unit platform is supported on the cement machine body, a belt pulley is arranged on the oil pumping unit platform, a bearing belt is supported on the belt pulley, one end of the bearing belt is connected with an oil pumping rod through a clamp, the other end of the bearing belt is respectively connected with a balance weight and a lifting device, the balance weight is arranged in a balance weight well on one side of the cement machine body, and the lifting device is arranged in the cement machine body and drives the balance weight and the oil pumping rod to move up and down in a reciprocating manner through the vertical lifting reciprocating movement of the lifting device so as to realize oil pumping; the lifting device comprises a water tank stand column, one end of the water tank stand column is connected with a bearing belt, the water tank stand column is hermetically arranged in the transfer water tank and the lifting water tank in a penetrating mode, the other end of the water tank stand column is fixedly connected with the lifting water tank, the transfer water tank is fixedly arranged above the lifting water tank, a first valve device is arranged at the bottom of the transfer water tank, and a second valve device is arranged at the bottom of the lifting water tank; the system also comprises an axial-flow pump arranged at the bottom of the cement machine body, and the axial-flow pump pumps water from the bottom of the cement machine body into the transit water tank through a water conveying pipe;

when the lifting water tank rises to the highest point under the action of the sucker rod and contacts with the first valve device and opens the first valve device, water in the transit water tank flows into the lifting water tank at the moment, the lifting water tank moves downwards along with the continuous increase of the water amount in the lifting water tank, the lifting water tank is separated from the contact with the first valve device, and the first valve device returns to the original position and is closed;

when the descending height of the lifting water tank reaches the limit height, the second valve device is opened, the lifting water tank drains water to the bottom of the water tank body, the lifting water tank still moves downwards with higher speed at the moment, the lifting water tank further reduces the quality of water, the lifting water tank moves downwards with reduced speed until the water flows out completely, the lifting water tank stops descending, then the lifting water tank moves upwards under the action of the pulling force of the sucker rod to reset, the lifting water tank moves upwards to the initial point until the second valve device resets and closes, and next circulation starts.

Furthermore, the first valve device comprises a first valve base which is fixed at the bottom of the transit water tank, a limiting hole is formed in the center of the first valve base, the first valve upright column penetrates through the limiting hole, the upper end of the first valve upright column is connected with the first valve cover, and the lower end of the first valve upright column is connected with the valve counterweight; after the lifting water tank is separated from the contact with the first valve device, the first valve cover is vertically returned and closed through the limiting hole of the first valve base under the action of the valve counterweight.

Further, the second valve device comprises a second valve cover, a second valve base, a second valve stand column and a valve chain, the second valve base is fixed at the bottom of the lifting water tank, a limiting hole is formed in the center of the second valve base, the second valve stand column penetrates through the limiting hole, the upper end of the second valve stand column is connected with the second valve cover, when the lifting water tank descends to reach the limiting height of the valve chain, the valve chain pulls the second valve cover to open, the valve stand column is limited by the limiting hole of the second valve base, the second valve cover is vertically opened, when the lifting water tank moves upwards to reset, the second valve cover is still not closed, water continues to be discharged, and when the lifting water tank moves to the valve chain extension length point, the second valve cover resets and closes relative to the lifting water tank through the limiting hole of the second valve base.

Furthermore, a brake guide rail is arranged on the side wall of the counterweight well, and the counterweight is clamped on the brake guide rail through a brake clamp to enable the counterweight to do vertical reciprocating motion in the counterweight well.

Further, the belt pulleys comprise a first belt pulley, a second belt pulley and a third belt pulley, and the bearing belts comprise a first bearing belt and a second bearing belt; one end of the first bearing belt is connected with the sucker rod, the other end of the first bearing belt is connected with the balance weight, and the first bearing belt is arranged on the first belt pulley and the second belt pulley; one end of the second bearing belt is also connected with the sucker rod, the other end of the second bearing belt is connected with the lifting device, and the second bearing belt is arranged on the first belt pulley and the third belt pulley.

Furthermore, the balance weight is woven by a silk screen, barite fragments are filled in the balance weight, and the balance weight mass is adjusted at any time according to the change of well conditions.

Furthermore, the water tank upright post, the transfer water tank and the lifting water tank are coaxially arranged.

The lifting water tank upright is wrapped in the upright bushing to separate water in the transfer water tank from the lifting water tank upright, and lubricating oil is injected into the upright bushing to enable the lifting water tank upright to freely slide.

Furthermore, the cement machine body is cast by reinforced concrete, and the lower half part of the cement machine body is arranged 2-4 meters below the ground surface.

The utility model has the advantages that: the utility model discloses utilize the structural style of balance, regard the medium of transmission power with the circulating water, reduce the loss of energy, make the hydrologic cycle flow with the water pump, through the lift water tank, change weight with the mode that fills constantly and discharge to the load that makes the machine both ends takes place the difference, thereby makes the machine produce reciprocating motion and reach the purpose of pumping.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic sectional structure of the present invention;

fig. 2 is another schematic sectional view of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a right-side sectional structure of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the water tank of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The principles and features of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the following drawings, the examples given are only intended to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

Example 1: as shown in fig. 1-4, a balance type pumping unit comprises a cement body 1-1, a pumping unit platform 1-15 is supported on the cement body 1-1, a belt pulley is arranged on the pumping unit platform 1-15, a bearing belt is supported on the belt pulley, one end of the bearing belt is connected with a pumping rod 1-2 through a clamp, the other end of the bearing belt is respectively connected with a balance weight 1-9 and a lifting device, the balance weight 1-9 is arranged in a balance weight well 1-10 at one side of the cement body 1-1, the lifting device is arranged in the cement body 1-1, and the lifting device vertically moves up and down and reciprocates to drive the balance weight 1-9 and the pumping rod 1-2 to pump oil; the lifting device comprises a water tank upright post 1-12, one end of the water tank upright post 1-12 is connected with a bearing belt, the water tank upright post 1-12 is hermetically arranged in a transfer water tank 1-4 and a lifting water tank 1-11 in a penetrating way, the other end of the water tank upright post 1-12 is fixedly connected with the lifting water tank 1-11, the transfer water tank 1-4 is fixedly arranged above the lifting water tank 1-11, the bottom of the transfer water tank 1-4 is provided with a first valve device, and the bottom of the lifting water tank 1-11 is provided with a second valve device; the system also comprises an axial flow pump 2-1 arranged at the bottom of the cement machine body 1-1, wherein the axial flow pump 2-1 pumps water from the bottom of the cement machine body 1-1 to a transit water tank 1-4 through a water conveying pipe 2-7, and the axial flow pump 2-1 continuously and continuously works in the whole process;

when the lifting water tank 1-11 rises to the highest point under the action of the sucker rod 1-2 to be in contact with the first valve device and the first valve device is opened, water in the transfer water tank 1-4 flows into the lifting water tank 1-11, the lifting water tank 1-11 moves downwards along with the continuous increase of the water amount in the lifting water tank 1-11, the lifting water tank 1-11 is separated from the first valve device, and the first valve device returns to the original position and is closed;

when the descending height of the lifting water tank 1-11 reaches the limit height, the second valve device is opened, the lifting water tank 1-11 drains water to the bottom of the cement machine body 1-1, at the moment, the lifting water tank 1-11 still moves downwards at an accelerated speed, the lifting water tank 1-11 moves downwards at a decelerated speed along with the further reduction of the water quality until all the water flows out, the lifting water tank 1-11 stops descending, then the lifting water tank 1-11 moves upwards under the action of the tensile force of the sucker rod 1-2 to reset until the second valve device is reset and closed, the lifting water tank 1-11 moves upwards to the initial point, and the next cycle is started.

The first valve device comprises a first valve base 2-8, the first valve base 2-8 is fixed at the bottom of the transfer water tank 1-4, a limiting hole is formed in the center of the first valve base 2-8, a first valve upright column 2-4 penetrates through the limiting hole, the upper end of the first valve upright column 2-4 is connected with a first valve cover 2-5, and the lower end of the first valve upright column 2-4 is connected with a valve counterweight 2-3. The lifting water tank 1-11 is abutted with the first valve upright post 2-4 when rising to the highest point to open the transfer water tank valve, and water in the transfer water tank 1-4 flows into the lifting water tank 1-11 through the transfer water tank valve 2-5. The water quantity in the lifting water tanks 1-11 is continuously increased, and the weight change generates vertical downward movement. After the lifting water tank 1-11 is separated from contact with the first valve device, the first valve cover 2-5 is vertically returned and closed through the limiting hole of the first valve base 2-8 under the action of the valve counterweight 2-3.

The second valve device comprises a second valve cover 3-2, a second valve base 3-4, a second valve upright post 3-3 and a valve chain 3-1, wherein the second valve base 3-4 is fixed at the bottom of the lifting water tank 1-11, a limiting hole is arranged in the center of the second valve base 3-4, the second valve upright post 3-3 is arranged in the limiting hole in a penetrating manner, the upper end of the second valve upright post 3-3 is connected with the second valve cover 3-2, when the descending height of the lifting water tank 1-11 reaches the limiting height of the valve chain 3-1, the valve chain 3-1 pulls the second valve cover 3-2 to open, the valve upright post 3-3 is limited by the limiting hole of the second valve base 3-4, the second valve cover 3-2 is vertically opened, when the lifting water tank 1-11 moves upwards to reset, the second valve cover 3-2 is not closed, water is discharged continuously, and when the lifting water tank 1-11 moves to the extending length point of the valve chain 3-1, the second valve cover 3-2 is reset and closed relative to the lifting water tank 1-11 through the limiting hole of the second valve base 3-4.

The side wall of the counterweight well 1-10 is provided with a brake guide rail 2-2, and the counterweight 1-9 is clamped on the brake guide rail 2-2 through a brake fixture 2-6 to enable the counterweight 1-9 to do vertical reciprocating motion in the counterweight well 1-10. The matching of the braking clamps 2-6 and the braking guide rails 2-2 prevents accidents caused by falling of the balance weight at high altitude due to the breakage of the belts 1-13 on one hand; on the other hand, the counterweight is ensured to be superposed with the axis of the counterweight well by the limiting function, and the counterweight 1-9 is prevented from swinging due to external force interference in the reciprocating motion and colliding with the counterweight well 1-10 to cause the vibration of the machine body.

The belt pulleys comprise a first belt pulley 1-6, a second belt pulley 1-8 and a third belt pulley 1-7, and the bearing belts comprise a first bearing belt 1-13 and a second bearing belt 1-14; one end of the first bearing belt 1-13 is connected with the sucker rod 1-2, the other end of the first bearing belt 1-13 is connected with the counterweight 1-9, and the first bearing belt 1-13 is arranged on the first belt pulley 1-6 and the second belt pulley 1-8; one end of a second bearing belt 1-14 is also connected with the sucker rod 1-2, the other end of the second bearing belt 1-14 is connected with the lifting device, and the second bearing belt 1-14 is arranged on the first belt pulley 1-6 and the third belt pulley 1-7.

The balance weights 1-9 are woven by adopting a silk screen, barite fragments are filled in the balance weights, and the balance weight mass is adjusted at any time according to the change of well conditions.

The water tank upright columns 1-12, the transfer water tanks 1-4 and the lifting water tanks 1-11 are coaxially arranged.

The lifting water tank upright posts 1-12 are wrapped in upright post bushings 1-5 to separate water in the transfer water tanks 1-4 from the lifting water tank upright posts 1-12, and lubricating oil is injected into the upright post bushings 1-5 to enable the lifting water tank upright posts 1-12 to freely slide.

The cement machine body 1-1 is cast by reinforced concrete, and the lower half part of the cement machine body 1-1 is arranged 2-4 meters below the ground surface. When a abandoned well or the surrounding environment of the well industry is repaired, the transmission part, the connecting piece and the water pump of the oil pumping unit can be directly dismounted, and the part 1-1 of the main body can be buried on site; and removing the covered soil layer during well repairing to install.

The utility model discloses a motion process: the pumping unit changes the weight of one end of the balance through the change of water quantity in the lifting water tank 1-11, and the lifting water tank 1-11 goes through the working processes of filling, moving, discharging and resetting. The axial flow pump 2-1 is in a continuous working process, and the transfer water tank 1-4 is arranged to store the water supplied to the axial flow pump 2-1 in the moving, discharging and resetting processes of the lifting water tank 1-11, so that the working processes of the axial flow pump and the lifting water tank are coordinated. After the axial flow pump 2-1 pumps water to the transfer water tank 1-4, the lifting water tank 1-11 is reset to jack the first valve upright post 2-4 at the bottom of the transfer water tank 1-4, and water in the transfer water tank 1-4 flows into the lifting water tank 1-11. The water quantity in the lifting water tank 1-11 is increased, so that the position is lowered, and the first valve cover 2-5 is closed; when the lifting water tank 1-11 is lowered to the limit length of the valve chain 3-1, the valve chain 3-1 pulls the second valve cover 3-2 open, water in the lifting water tank flows into the tank bottom, the lifting water tank 1-11 is reset upwards, and the second valve cover 3-2 is closed; the axial-flow pump 2-1 pumps the water at the bottom back to the transfer water tank 1-4 through a water delivery pipe 2-7; the lifting water tank 1-11 is reset upwards and jacks up the first valve upright post 2-4 again, and the motion cycle of the water tank is completed once.

During operation, the balance weights 1-9 balance the tension of most of the sucker rods, and the sucker rods 1-2 are driven to reciprocate by the periodically-changed force generated by the constantly-changed water quality in the lifting water tanks 1-11, so that oil pumping is realized.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A balance type oil pumping machine is characterized by comprising a cement machine body (1-1), an oil pumping machine platform (1-15) is supported on the cement machine body (1-1), a belt pulley is arranged on the oil pumping machine platform (1-15), a bearing belt is supported on the belt pulley, one end of the bearing belt is connected with an oil pumping rod (1-2) through a clamp, the other end of the bearing belt is respectively connected with a balance weight (1-9) and a lifting device, the balance weight (1-9) is arranged in a balance weight well (1-10) at one side of the cement machine body (1-1), the lifting device is arranged in the cement machine body (1-1), and the balance weight (1-9) and the oil pumping rod (1-2) are driven to vertically move up and down and reciprocate through the vertical lifting and reciprocating movement of the lifting device, oil pumping is realized; the lifting device comprises a water tank upright post (1-12), one end of the water tank upright post (1-12) is connected with a bearing belt, the water tank upright post (1-12) is hermetically arranged in a transfer water tank (1-4) and a lifting water tank (1-11) in a penetrating way, the other end of the water tank upright post (1-12) is fixedly connected with the lifting water tank (1-11), the transfer water tank (1-4) is fixedly arranged above the lifting water tank (1-11), a first valve device is arranged at the bottom of the transfer water tank (1-4), and a second valve device is arranged at the bottom of the lifting water tank (1-11); the system also comprises an axial-flow pump (2-1) arranged at the bottom of the cement machine body (1-1), wherein the axial-flow pump (2-1) pumps water from the bottom of the cement machine body (1-1) into a transfer water tank (1-4) through a water conveying pipe (2-7);

when the lifting water tank (1-11) rises to the highest point under the action of the sucker rod (1-2) to be in contact with the first valve device and open the first valve device, water in the transfer water tank (1-4) flows into the lifting water tank (1-11), the lifting water tank (1-11) moves downwards along with the continuous increase of the water amount in the lifting water tank (1-11), the lifting water tank (1-11) is separated from the contact with the first valve device, and the first valve device is returned and closed;

when the descending height of the lifting water tank (1-11) reaches the limiting height, the second valve device is opened, the lifting water tank (1-11) drains water to the bottom of the cement machine body (1-1), at the moment, the lifting water tank (1-11) still moves downwards at an accelerated speed, along with the further reduction of the water quality, the lifting water tank (1-11) moves downwards at a decelerated speed until all the water flows out, the lifting water tank (1-11) stops descending, then the lifting water tank (1-11) moves upwards under the action of the pulling force of the sucker rod (1-2) to reset until the second valve device is reset and closed, and the lifting water tank (1-11) moves upwards to the initial point to start the next cycle.

2. The balance type oil pumping unit according to claim 1, wherein the first valve device comprises a first valve base (2-8), the first valve base (2-8) is fixed at the bottom of the transfer water tank (1-4), a limiting hole is formed in the center of the first valve base (2-8), the first valve upright column (2-4) is arranged in the limiting hole in a penetrating mode, the upper end of the first valve upright column (2-4) is connected with the first valve cover (2-5), and the lower end of the first valve upright column (2-4) is connected with the valve counterweight (2-3); after the lifting water tank (1-11) is separated from the first valve device, the first valve cover (2-5) is vertically returned and closed through the limiting hole of the first valve base (2-8) under the action of the valve counterweight (2-3).

3. The balance type oil pumping unit according to claim 1, wherein the second valve device comprises a second valve cover (3-2), a second valve base (3-4), a second valve upright post (3-3) and a valve chain (3-1), the second valve base (3-4) is fixed at the bottom of the lifting water tank (1-11), a limit hole is arranged at the center of the second valve base (3-4), the second valve upright post (3-3) is arranged in the limit hole in a penetrating manner, the upper end of the second valve upright post (3-3) is connected with the second valve cover (3-2), when the lifting water tank (1-11) descends to reach the limit height of the valve chain (3-1), the valve chain (3-1) pulls the second valve cover (3-2) to open, the second valve cover (3-2) is vertically opened under the limit of the limit hole of the second valve base (3-4) by the valve upright post (3-3), when the lifting water tank (1-11) moves upwards to reset, the second valve cover (3-2) is not closed, water is continuously discharged, and when the lifting water tank (1-11) moves to the extension length point of the valve chain (3-1), the second valve cover (3-2) resets and closes relative to the lifting water tank (1-11) through the limit hole of the second valve base (3-4).

4. The balance type oil pumping machine according to claim 1, wherein a brake guide rail (2-2) is arranged on the side wall of the counterweight well (1-10), and the counterweight (1-9) is clamped on the brake guide rail (2-2) through a brake clamp (2-6) to enable the counterweight (1-9) to vertically reciprocate in the counterweight well (1-10).

5. The balance pumping unit according to claim 1, wherein the pulleys comprise a first pulley (1-6), a second pulley (1-8) and a third pulley (1-7), and the load-bearing belts comprise a first load-bearing belt (1-13) and a second load-bearing belt (1-14); one end of the first bearing belt (1-13) is connected with the sucker rod (1-2), the other end of the first bearing belt (1-13) is connected with the counterweight (1-9), and the first bearing belt (1-13) is arranged on the first belt pulley (1-6) and the second belt pulley (1-8); one end of a second bearing belt (1-14) is also connected with the sucker rod (1-2), the other end of the second bearing belt (1-14) is connected with the lifting device, and the second bearing belt (1-14) is arranged on the first belt pulley (1-6) and the third belt pulley (1-7).

6. The balance type pumping unit according to claim 1, wherein the counterweight (1-9) is woven by a wire mesh, and barite fragments are filled in the counterweight, so that the counterweight mass can be adjusted at any time according to the change of well conditions.

7. The balance type oil pumping unit as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water tank upright column (1-12), the transfer water tank (1-4) and the lifting water tank (1-11) are coaxially arranged.

8. The balance type oil pumping unit according to claim 1, wherein the lifting water tank upright (1-12) is wrapped in an upright bushing (1-5) to separate the water in the transfer water tank (1-4) from the lifting water tank upright (1-12), and lubricating oil is injected into the upright bushing (1-5) to enable the lifting water tank upright (1-12) to freely slide.

9. The balance type pumping unit according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the cement body (1-1) is cast of reinforced concrete, and the lower half portion of the cement body (1-1) is disposed 2 to 4 meters below the ground surface.