CN214123105U - Dual-wavelength smoke detection and dust identification device based on incremental processing - Google Patents
Dual-wavelength smoke detection and dust identification device based on incremental processing Download PDFInfo
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- CN214123105U CN214123105U CN202120350990.7U CN202120350990U CN214123105U CN 214123105 U CN214123105 U CN 214123105U CN 202120350990 U CN202120350990 U CN 202120350990U CN 214123105 U CN214123105 U CN 214123105U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a dual wavelength smog is surveyed and dust recognition device based on incremental processing, the device is including the scattering storehouse that has infrared light and blue light subassembly, and the intercommunication has the sampling branch pipe that admits air and gives vent to anger the sampling branch pipe on the scattering storehouse, and the other end of the sampling branch pipe that admits air and the other end of the sampling branch pipe of giving vent to anger all connect on main sampling pipe, and the pipe shaft pipe cross-section of the main sampling pipe that is connected with the sampling branch pipe of giving vent to anger reduces, installs the filter on the sampling branch pipe of admitting air. The utility model provides an incremental processing method based on blue light and infrared light dual-band scattering that meter scattering and rayleigh scattering combined together carries out more accurate discernment to dust and smog, has improved the degree of accuracy that the fire alarm was reported an emergency and asked for help or increased vigilance greatly to give smog and reported the degree that there may be the dust interference, avoided because of getting rid of the risk that the dust interference probably leads to the fire alarm not to report.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a fire alarm device especially relates to a dual wavelength smog is surveyed and dust recognition device based on incremental processing.
Background
Since the first generation of dual-wavelength light source identification of dust proposed by mading kol doctor in australia in 2005, people are always exploring how to utilize the scattering difference of dual light sources with different wavelengths to smoke and dust with different particle sizes to more accurately identify dust and fire smoke so as to achieve more accurate elimination of false alarm caused by interference of dust to smoke fire alarm.
However, through the practice of working in recent years and the research on the prior art, the problems that the existing patent technologies have more or less defects are found, the smoke detection type fire alarm devices in the current market have different degrees of false alarm, the method also shows how to accurately eliminate the interference of dust and reduce the false alarm rate, and the invention space is large. Although the general direction of recognizing dust by using dual or multiple wavelengths is known, the false alarm rate of fire smoke alarm caused by dust interference is different due to different specific processing methods.
Chinese patent 201410748629.4, an aerosol particle size sensing method based on dual-wavelength dispersion signals and its application in fire smoke detection, compares blue light and infrared light and their respective scattered light thresholds, but there are both large particles and small particles in the dust; the small particles are often adhered together to form large particles due to the existence of aerosol in the smoke, so that the scattering intensity is increased along with the increase of the concentration of the smoke, regardless of the smoke or the dust, in blue light and red light wave bands, the increase amplitude is directly related to the concentration of the smoke and the dust, the smoke and the dust cannot be really distinguished, and the false alarm phenomenon still exists.
Chinese patent 201510861356.9, "have two-color light emitting diode to obtain scattered light smoke detector" uses two-color light emitting diode, regarding two-color light emitting tube alone, two-color light emitting diode on the market is mostly the visible light wave band together, for example, the central wavelength is 470 nanometer's blue light and 630 nanometer's ruddiness, these two wave bands are too close to, it is very difficult to produce more obvious scattering intensity to different particle size smog and dust granule, and the two-color light emitting tube of the blue light that the wavelength difference is great and infrared light is difficult to buy again on the market, therefore, can only adopt the little red blue two-color light emitting tube of wavelength difference, can't obviously distinguish smoke granule and dust granule, therefore it is not big in actual use.
Chinese patent 201711415845.7 entitled "early fire smoke detection method with interference particle recognition" discloses a method for measuring scattered light power at two different angles under a certain wavelength by arranging a transmitter and two receivers, and calculating the asymmetric ratio of forward and backward scattered light power to balance the response of black and white smoke particles in fire. However, the use of a dual-wavelength light source transmitter and two receivers is too complicated to miniaturize. Moreover, since each of the two receivers needs sufficient amplification to ensure sufficient sensitivity, and there are many factors affecting the sensitivity, it is difficult to ensure consistency of concentration reaching the set alarm threshold, and false alarms are more likely to occur.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to solve the shortcomings existing in the technology, the utility model provides a dual-wavelength smoke detection and dust recognition device based on incremental processing.
In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model discloses a technical scheme is a dual wavelength smog is surveyed and dust recognition device based on incremental processing, the device is including the scattering storehouse that has infrared light blue light subassembly, the intercommunication has the sampling branch pipe that admits air and gives vent to anger the sampling branch pipe on the scattering storehouse, the other end of the sampling branch pipe that admits air and the other end of the sampling branch pipe of giving vent to anger all connect on main sampling pipe, the pipe shaft pipe cross-section of the main sampling pipe that is connected with the sampling branch pipe of giving vent to anger reduces, install the filter on the sampling branch pipe of admitting air.
Further, the tail end of the main sampling pipe is provided with a suction pump, and the suction pump is provided with a counting pulse output which is related to the rotation speed of the fan.
Further, a replaceable filter medium and an air flow rate monitoring sensor are arranged inside the filter.
Furthermore, a reflection reducing coating is sprayed on the inner wall of the scattering bin.
Furthermore, the scattering bin is internally provided with a blue light LED component and an infrared light LED component which alternately emit light, the central wavelength of the blue light LED component is 460nm, the central wavelength of the infrared light LED component is 940nm, and the optical axes of the blue light LED component and the infrared light LED component are crossed.
Furthermore, a primary focusing lens and a photoelectric receiving assembly are arranged in the scattering bin, the primary focusing lens is arranged above the photoelectric receiving assembly, and the optical axes of the photoelectric receiving assembly and the primary focusing lens are intersected with the optical axes of the blue light LED assembly and the infrared light LED assembly to form a point.
Furthermore, a secondary focusing lens and a diaphragm are arranged in front of the blue light LED assembly and the infrared light LED assembly.
Furthermore, the device also comprises a quart amplifier, a filter amplifying circuit, a pulse circuit, a signal separation circuit, an integrating circuit, a buffer amplifying circuit and a CPU with A/D conversion.
The utility model provides an incremental processing method based on blue light and infrared light dual-band scattering that meter scattering and rayleigh scattering combined together carries out more accurate discernment to dust and smog, has improved the degree of accuracy that the fire alarm was reported an emergency and asked for help or increased vigilance greatly to give smog and reported the degree that there may be the dust interference, avoided because of getting rid of the risk that the dust interference probably leads to the fire alarm not to report.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an electrical schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a flow chart of a method for processing the increment of the change of the scattering intensity.
FIG. 4 is a graph of the effect of scattering probability on wavelength.
In the figure: 1. a scattering bin; 2. an intake sampling branch pipe; 3. an air outlet sampling branch pipe; 4. a main sampling tube; 5. a filter; 6. an air pump; 7. a filter medium; 8. an air flow rate monitoring sensor; 9. a blue LED component; 10. an infrared light LED assembly; 11. a primary focusing lens; 12. a photoelectric receiving component; 13. a secondary focusing lens; 14. and (4) a diaphragm.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The dual-wavelength smoke detection and dust recognition device based on incremental processing shown in figure 1 comprises a scattering bin 1 with an infrared light blue light component, an air inlet sampling branch pipe 2 and an air outlet sampling branch pipe 3 are communicated with the scattering bin, the other end of the air inlet sampling branch pipe and the other end of the air outlet sampling branch pipe are connected to a main sampling pipe 4, the section of a pipe body of the main sampling pipe connected with the air outlet sampling branch pipe is reduced, and a filter 5 is installed on the air inlet sampling branch pipe.
The pipe section of the main sampling pipe is reduced at the gas outlet sampling branch pipe, as shown in the position of a B point in figure 1. Since the flow rate Q is constant at SV (S is the cross-sectional area and V is the air flow rate), the cross-sectional area becomes smaller, meaning that the air flow rate becomes larger. Simplified bernoulli's equation according to hydrodynamics: p + rho V2C (P is pressure, ρ is density, V is flow velocity, C is constant), the air flow rate becomes higher, the air pressure at the air inlet sampling branch pipe (a in fig. 1) is reduced, the pressure at the B is higher than that at the a, part of the air enters the filter and the scattering bin through the air inlet sampling branch pipe at the B, and flows into the main sampling pipe through the air outlet sampling branch pipe at the a. Make the inlet sampling branch pipe, the scattering bin and the outlet sampling branch pipe form a closed gas circuitAnd (4) a way.
An air pump 6 is installed at the tail end of the main sampling pipe, and the air pump is provided with a counting pulse output which is related to the rotation speed of the fan and can be used for judging whether the main sampling pipe is broken or blocked. When the air pump is broken, the air pressure in the pipe rises to increase the air density, the wind wheel of the air pump bears airflow resistance due to the increase of the density, the rotating speed of the wind wheel is reduced, and counting pulses output in unit time are reduced. When the blockage occurs, the air pressure in the pipe is reduced to cause air to be thinner, namely, the density is reduced, the wind wheel resistance of the air pump is reduced, the rotating speed is improved, and the counting pulse output in unit time is increased.
The interior of the filter is provided with a replaceable filter medium 7 and an air flow rate monitoring sensor 8. The filter medium can be a filter screen or filter cotton and the like and is used for filtering coarse-particle sand and dust so as to prevent the sand and dust from accumulating in the scattering bin and reduce the performance of the photoelectric element in the light path. However, since the filter medium absorbs the residual dust for a long time and the air permeability of the medium is affected to block the passage of smoke, the filter medium needs to be replaced periodically. When the filter medium is replaced, the filter can be replaced only by opening the upper cover of the filter. And an air flow rate monitoring sensor is arranged in the air purifier, and an alarm signal for replacing the filter is sent out by monitoring the air flow rate flowing through the filter medium.
The inner wall of the scattering bin is sprayed with a reflection reducing coating. The reflection reducing coating can be carbon particle attachment, and the inner wall is further blackened and subjected to surface roughening treatment, so that interference caused by reflection of ambient light inside the periphery is reduced, and the photoelectric receiving sensitivity is improved.
And a blue light LED component 9 and an infrared light LED component 10 which alternately emit light are arranged in the scattering bin, and the optical axes of the blue light LED component and the infrared light LED component are crossed. The blue light LED component uses blue light with the central wavelength of 460nm, the infrared light LED component uses infrared light with the central wavelength of 940nm, and the axial included angle of the light emitted by the two LEDs is 110 degrees. The blue light and the infrared light are characterized in that pulse light is generated alternately, the pulse light is characterized in that the pulse light is on for 2ms and off for 38ms, and the alternate interval between the blue light pulse and the infrared light pulse is 19 ms. By alternately generating the optical pulses, the same photoelectric receiving element can be shared, the consistency of the receiving sensitivity is ensured, and the miniaturization can be realized.
A primary focusing lens 11 and a photoelectric receiving assembly 12 are further arranged in the scattering bin, the primary focusing lens is arranged above the photoelectric receiving assembly, and the optical axes of the photoelectric receiving assembly and the primary focusing lens are intersected with the optical axes of the blue light LED assembly and the infrared light LED assembly to form a point. The photoelectric receiving component is a silicon photodiode.
And a secondary focusing lens 13 and a diaphragm 14 are arranged in front of the blue LED component and the infrared LED component. The purpose of secondary focusing is to increase the light intensity at the intersection of the air flow and the light path, so as to increase the scattering intensity. The diaphragm is used for removing the interference of the stray light emitted outwards to the detection of the scattered light.
The smoke and dust from the gas path generate blue light scattering pulse and infrared light scattering pulse at the intersection point and the nearby area, and the two scattering light pulses are focused on the silicon photodiode of the photoelectric receiving component through the primary focusing lens, so that photoelectric conversion is realized.
As shown in fig. 2, the apparatus further includes a squaring amplifier, a filter amplifier circuit, a pulse circuit, a signal separation circuit, an integration circuit, a buffer amplifier circuit, and a CPU with a/D conversion.
The quart amplifier is positioned in the photoelectric receiving component of the scattering bin, the anode of the photoelectric receiving component is connected with the negative end of the operational amplifier forming the quart amplifier, and the cathode of the photoelectric receiving component is connected with the positive end of the operational amplifier forming the quart amplifier; the output of the amplifier is connected with the filter amplifying circuit, which is connected with the signal separating circuit of blue light and infrared light.
Two control lines from the CPU are connected with the blue light infrared light signal separation circuit, the blue light pulse control circuit and the infrared light pulse control circuit, blue light pulses and infrared light are alternately generated under the control of the CPU, simultaneously, an analog electronic switch which is in charge of separating the blue light electric signals in the blue light infrared light signal separation circuit is synchronously turned on when the blue light pulses are generated, and an analog electronic switch which is in charge of separating the infrared light electric signals in the blue light infrared light signal separation circuit is synchronously turned on when the infrared light pulses are generated, so that the separation of the blue light electric signals and the red light electric signals is realized.
The separated blue light electric signal is connected to a CPU through a blue light integrating circuit and a buffer amplifying circuit to realize A/D conversion, and the CPU further performs incremental processing. The separated infrared photoelectric signal passes through an infrared light integrating circuit and a buffer amplifying circuit and is also connected to a CPU to realize A/D conversion, and the CPU further performs incremental processing.
As shown in fig. 3, the incremental processing steps are:
And 2, respectively reading the scattering A/D value of the blue light and the scattering A/D value of the infrared light.
And 3, judging whether the A/D value of the blue light scattering is larger than an alarm threshold.
And 3.1, if the time is not greater than the alarm threshold value, judging whether the incremental calculation timer is up or not.
And 3.1.1, if the time does not expire, returning to the step 2 for circulation.
And 3.1.2, if the time is up, respectively calculating and storing the increment of the blue light scattering A/D value and the increment of the infrared light scattering A/D value, then resetting an increment calculation timer and returning to the step 2 for circulation.
And 3.2, if the difference value is larger than the alarm threshold value, subtracting the increment of the blue light scattering A/D value and the increment of the infrared light scattering A/D value, and assuming that the difference value is P.
And 4, if the difference P is larger than M, a fire alarm and severe dust are reported. If the difference P is larger than N and smaller than M, a fire alarm and light dust are reported. And if the difference P is less than N, a fire alarm is reported.
The principle of the device is as follows:
the increment principle is as follows: generally, for the convenience of analysis, one distinguishes the scattering type by the size value of the particle size α ═ pi d/λ (d is the particle diameter, λ is the wavelength of incident light), and rayleigh scattering when α is less than 0.1; when alpha is greater than 0.1, it is a meter scatter, as shown in FIG. 4. In practice, there is no clear boundary between the rayleigh scattering and the meter scattering laws and there is a transition region. For smoke with the particle size of 100-500 nm in the early smoldering stage, the light accords with the meter scattering rule relative to blue light with shorter wavelength; compared with infrared light with longer wavelength, the infrared light has the advantages of meter scattering and considerable Rayleigh scattering. For dust with larger particle size distribution, the scattering rule of the blue light is also met compared with the blue light with shorter wavelength; while infrared light with a longer wavelength, i.e., both Mi scattering and Rayleigh scattering, contains much less Rayleigh scattering components than smoke.
The rice scattering intensity has no obvious relation with the particle size scale (shows a shaking trend), and is closely related with the particle concentration. Rayleigh scattering is characterized by being inversely proportional to the 4 th power of the wavelength, the longer the wavelength, the smaller the scattering intensity, and the smaller the amplitude of the scattering intensity increase is, the more Rayleigh scattering exists for the infrared light of 940nm for small particle smoke, and the larger the size of the dust particles, the larger the Rayleigh scattering proportion is, the larger the amplitude of the scattering intensity increase is. In combination with the particle scale, the scattering intensity appears as a rayleigh scattering region on the left side of fig. 4 with strong incremental changes.
Therefore, the intensity of scattered light generated when smoke and dust are generated is respectively detected by using 460nm blue light, and an accurate particle concentration value can be obtained according to the intensity of the scattered light and is used as a basis for smoke alarm. And 940nm infrared light is used for respectively detecting the scattered light intensity when smoke and dust are generated, and the increment of the obtained dust scattering value is calculated to be obviously larger than that of the smoke scattering value, so that the existence of the dust with larger particle distribution is distinguished. The utility model discloses be exactly through the scattering strength change increment of distinguishing blue light and infrared light, whether distinguish the interference that whether has the dust to smog warning.
The above embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and the technical personnel in the technical field are in the present invention, which can also belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A dual wavelength smoke detection and dust identification device based on incremental processing is characterized in that: the device is including scattering storehouse (1) that has infrared light and blue light subassembly, and the intercommunication has intake sampling branch pipe (2) and the sampling branch pipe (3) of giving vent to anger on the scattering storehouse, and the other end of intake sampling branch pipe and the other end of the sampling branch pipe of giving vent to anger all connect on main sampling pipe (4), and the body of pipe cross-section of the main sampling pipe that is connected with the sampling branch pipe of giving vent to anger reduces, admits and installs filter (5) on the sampling branch pipe.
2. An incremental processing based dual wavelength smoke detection and dust identification apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and the tail end of the main sampling pipe is provided with an air suction pump (6), and the air suction pump is provided with a counting pulse output which is related to the rotation speed of the fan.
3. An incremental processing based dual wavelength smoke detection and dust identification apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the interior of the filter is provided with a replaceable filter medium (7) and an air flow rate monitoring sensor (8).
4. An incremental processing based dual wavelength smoke detection and dust identification apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and a reflection reducing coating is sprayed on the inner wall of the scattering bin.
5. An incremental processing based dual wavelength smoke detection and dust identification apparatus as claimed in claim 1 or 4, wherein: the LED light source is characterized in that a blue LED component (9) and an infrared LED component (10) which alternately emit light are arranged in the scattering bin, the central wavelength of the blue LED component is 460nm, the central wavelength of the infrared LED component is 940nm, and the optical axes of the blue LED component and the infrared LED component are crossed.
6. An incremental processing based dual wavelength smoke detection and dust identification apparatus as claimed in claim 5, wherein: a primary focusing lens (11) and a photoelectric receiving assembly (12) are further arranged in the scattering bin, the primary focusing lens is arranged above the photoelectric receiving assembly, and the optical axes of the photoelectric receiving assembly and the primary focusing lens and the optical axes of the blue light LED assembly and the infrared light LED assembly are intersected into a point.
7. An incremental processing based dual wavelength smoke detection and dust identification apparatus as claimed in claim 6, wherein: and a secondary focusing lens (13) and a diaphragm (14) are arranged in front of the blue light LED component and the infrared light LED component.
8. An incremental processing based dual wavelength smoke detection and dust identification apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the device also comprises a quart amplifier, a filter amplifying circuit, a pulse circuit, a signal separating circuit, an integrating circuit, a buffer amplifying circuit and a CPU with A/D conversion.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117740816A (en) * | 2023-11-10 | 2024-03-22 | 南京旗云中天科技有限公司 | Method, sensor and system for improving detection precision of dust deposition pollution ratio of photovoltaic module |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117740816A (en) * | 2023-11-10 | 2024-03-22 | 南京旗云中天科技有限公司 | Method, sensor and system for improving detection precision of dust deposition pollution ratio of photovoltaic module |
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Effective date of registration: 20231102 Address after: Building 3401-4, Building 4, Lushang Guoao City, No. 9777 Jingshi Road, Lixia District, Jinan City, Shandong Province, 250000 Patentee after: Lerikaier (Shandong) Technology Development Co.,Ltd. Address before: Room 3401-1, Building 4, Lushang Guoao City, No. 9777 Jingshi Road, Lixia District, Jinan City, Shandong Province, 250000 Patentee before: Jinan Lanbowan Safety Technology Co.,Ltd. |