CN214121853U - High confining pressure rock mechanical property test device - Google Patents
High confining pressure rock mechanical property test device Download PDFInfo
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- CN214121853U CN214121853U CN202120010361.XU CN202120010361U CN214121853U CN 214121853 U CN214121853 U CN 214121853U CN 202120010361 U CN202120010361 U CN 202120010361U CN 214121853 U CN214121853 U CN 214121853U
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Abstract
A high confining pressure rock mechanical property test device comprises a hydraulic thrust mechanism, a rock confining pressure applying mechanism and a rock mechanical property test system. The device realizes exerting pressure and displacement boundary condition to the rock specimen surface simultaneously, and confining pressure is provided by the mechanical thrust of pneumatic cylinder output, and axial thrust exerts the body through the steel confining pressure and converts into the radial confining pressure of rock specimen, and the extrusion of the body is exerted through the steel confining pressure to aluminium matter V type grip block, can be with the even effect on rock surface of confining pressure. Compared with a conventional confining pressure applying mode by hydraulic pressure, the confining pressure loading mode is more suitable for the in-situ environment of the rock at the bottom of the hole and is suitable for cylinder samples with different sizes. The test device can be used for drilling tests, rock breaking tests, rock mechanical property tests and the like under confining pressure conditions, and has the advantages of simple structure, convenience in operation and real-time data acquisition.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a confined pressure state rock dynamic mechanical properties test field, concretely relates to high confined pressure rock mechanical properties test device.
Background
The first method is to apply pressure boundary conditions to the rock surface, namely, a certain pressure is applied to the rock surface, but rock deformation is not limited; the second one is to apply displacement boundary conditions to the rock surface, i.e. to limit the surface deformation of the rock, so that the rock obtains passive confining pressure. The pressure boundary condition is generally that a rock sample is placed in a closed pressure chamber, and the fluid pressure is used for carrying out isotropic confining pressure loading on the sample (for example, the utility model patent of application publication No. CN 106546488A, rock tensile test device under confining pressure and test method thereof), and the defect of the mode is that the rigid lateral constraint borne by the rock at the bottom of the hole cannot be truly simulated. The displacement boundary condition is usually that a metal sleeve is sleeved on the surface of a cylindrical sample to limit the radial deformation of the sample under the axial Stress, so as to obtain the passive confining pressure (as in the document "Impact Compression Test and Numerical Simulation Analysis of Concrete after Thermal Treatment in compact Stress State"), but the rock confining pressure selection range is greatly limited and needs to ensure that no gap exists between the rock and the sleeve, the requirement on the processing precision of the sample and the sleeve is too high, and the gap cannot be ensured. Although the true triaxial rock test device can apply pressure and displacement boundary conditions to the rock simultaneously (like application publication No. CN 110441171A's utility model patent double-shaft four-way dynamic and static combined electromagnetic loading Hopkinson plate impact loading device'), the sample shape must be a cube, and the whole cost of equipment has been increased when realizing the synchronous dynamic loading of multiaxis. Therefore, it is necessary to design a rock mechanical property testing device which can better simulate the ground stress state of the rock at the bottom of the hole, has the characteristics of convenient confining pressure loading, suitability for a cylindrical sample, lower cost and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims at designing a can simulate the rock confined pressure loading device of the two-dimensional stress state that the hole bed rock receives better, and the device possesses easy and simple to handle, is applicable to cylinder rock sample, can be applied to indoor tests such as drilling, garrulous rock, rock mechanical properties test.
A high confining pressure rock mechanical property test device comprises a hydraulic thrust mechanism, a rock confining pressure applying mechanism and a rock mechanical property test system.
The hydraulic thrust mechanism comprises a hydraulic pump, an overflow valve, a reversing valve, a hydraulic cylinder, a base, a pin shaft and a thrust seat, wherein the hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the base through the pin shaft, the thrust seat is connected with the hydraulic cylinder through a bolt, hydraulic pressure output by the hydraulic pump is converted into mechanical thrust through the hydraulic cylinder and acts on the thrust seat, the overflow valve ensures the stability of the hydraulic pressure output by the hydraulic pump, and the reversing valve controls the direction of the thrust output by the hydraulic cylinder.
The rock confining pressure applying mechanism consists of a confining pressure applying body and a V-shaped clamping block. The confining pressure applying body is contacted with the thrust seat through the planes on the left side and the right side; the V-shaped clamping block is made of aluminum, the inner surface of the V-shaped clamping block is a cylindrical surface, and the V-shaped clamping block can clamp a cylindrical rock sample with the diameter of the cylinder (the size of the V-shaped clamping block can be changed according to the diameter of the rock sample). The confining pressure applying body converts the thrust transmitted by the thrust base into circumferential confining pressure to act on the V-shaped clamping block, and the V-shaped clamping block deforms through extension to uniformly act on the surface of the rock sample.
The rock mechanical property testing system is composed of a strain transmission line, an acoustic emission data line, an acoustic emission sensor, a resistance type strain sensor and a computer. The acoustic emission sensor is installed on the V-shaped clamping block through the hole groove on the confining pressure applying body and the V-shaped clamping block, so that the probe of the acoustic emission sensor is tightly attached to the surface of the rock sample, the resistance type strain sensor is attached to different depths of the surface of the rock sample, and mechanical property data of the rock sample are recorded into the computer through the strain transmission line and the acoustic emission data line.
The utility model discloses a test method includes following step:
the resistance strain sensor is pasted on two sides of a rock sample, piston rods of hydraulic cylinders are operated to shrink to drive thrust seats on two sides to be separated left and right, two confining pressure applying bodies are installed between the two thrust seats, the V-shaped clamping block and the rock sample wrapped by the V-shaped clamping block are installed between the confining pressure applying bodies at the same time, and the resistance strain sensor is communicated with a computer. V-shaped clamping blocks with different sizes can be selected and matched according to the diameter of the rock sample.
And (II) adjusting the installation depth of the acoustic emission sensor, so that the probe of the acoustic emission sensor is tightly attached to the surface of the rock sample, and communicating the acoustic emission sensor with the computer.
And (III) extending a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder, clamping the rock sample by the pressure applying body and the V-shaped clamping block through the thrust seat and the confining pressure, adjusting the output pressure of the hydraulic pump through the overflow valve, applying confining pressures of different grades to the rock sample, performing a rock mechanical property test under different load conditions, and recording and analyzing internal damage and surface deformation development data of the confining pressure rock in the loading process.
The utility model discloses a theory of operation is applyed to rock specimen confined pressure:
the rock sample surface confining pressure is provided by mechanical thrust output by a hydraulic cylinder, and axial thrust is converted into rock sample circumferential confining pressure through a confining pressure applying body.
Second, aluminium system V type grip block has characteristics such as ductility is good, elasticity modulus low, and the extrusion of body is applyed to through steel confined pressure, and V type grip block makes the extension deformation along rock specimen surface, can be with the even action on rock surface of confined pressure.
Thirdly, outputting P hydraulic pressure output by the hydraulic pump through numerical simulation and test measurement1With the pressure P on the surface of the rock sample2Is about P2＝0.7P1
The utility model discloses beneficial effect:
1. the utility model discloses realized the even loading to cylindrical rock sample survey surface confined pressure comparatively conveniently to the ground stress state that the hole bottom rock receives has been simulated betterly, has realized the monitoring to the inside damage information of rock and surface deformation information under the confined pressure condition simultaneously.
2. The size of the confining pressure applying mechanism can be changed correspondingly according to the size of a cylindrical sample, and the confining pressure uniform loading can be realized on cylindrical rock samples with different sizes.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a confining pressure applying mechanism and a rock mechanical property testing system.
In the figure: the device comprises a hydraulic pump 1, an overflow valve 2, a reversing valve 3, a hydraulic cylinder 4, a base 5, a pin shaft 6, a thrust seat 7, a confining pressure applying body 8, a V-shaped clamping block 9, a rock sample 10, a strain transmission line 11, an acoustic emission data line 12, a computer 13, an acoustic emission sensor 14 and a resistance type strain sensor 15.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, a high confining pressure rock mechanical property testing apparatus includes a hydraulic thrust mechanism, a rock confining pressure applying mechanism, and a rock mechanical property testing system;
the hydraulic thrust mechanism is composed of a hydraulic pump 1, an overflow valve 2, a reversing valve 3, a hydraulic cylinder 4, a base 5, a pin shaft 6 and a thrust seat 7. The hydraulic cylinder 4 is fixed on the base 5 through the pin shaft 6, the thrust seat 7 is connected with the hydraulic cylinder 4 through the bolt, the hydraulic pressure output by the hydraulic pump 1 is converted into mechanical thrust through the hydraulic cylinder 4 to act on the thrust seat 7, the overflow valve 2 ensures the stability of the hydraulic pressure output by the hydraulic pump 1, and the direction of the thrust output by the hydraulic cylinder 4 is controlled by the reversing valve 3.
The rock confining pressure applying mechanism consists of a confining pressure applying body 8 and a V-shaped clamping block 9. The confining pressure applying body 8 is in contact connection with the thrust seat 7 through planes on the left side and the right side; the V-shaped clamping block 9 is made of aluminum, the inner surface of the V-shaped clamping block is a cylindrical surface, and the V-shaped clamping block can clamp a cylindrical rock sample 10 with the same diameter (the size of the V-shaped clamping block 9 can be changed according to the diameter of the rock sample 10). The confining pressure applying body 8 converts the thrust of the thrust base 7 into circumferential confining pressure to act on the V-shaped clamping block 9, and the V-shaped clamping block 9 is subjected to extension deformation to uniformly act on the surface of the rock sample 10.
The rock mechanical property testing system consists of a strain transmission line 11, an acoustic emission data line 12, an acoustic emission sensor 14, a resistance type strain sensor 15 and a computer 13; the acoustic emission sensor 14 is installed on the V-shaped clamping block 9 through the hole grooves on the confining pressure applying body 8 and the V-shaped clamping block 9, so that a probe of the acoustic emission sensor 14 is attached to the surface of the rock sample 10, the resistance type strain sensor 15 is attached to the positions of different depths on the surface of the rock sample 10, and mechanical property data of the rock sample 10 are recorded into the computer through the strain transmission line 11 and the acoustic emission data line 12.
The utility model discloses a test method includes following step:
firstly, pasting the resistance strain sensor 15 on two sides of the rock sample 10, operating the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 4 to contract to drive the thrust seats 7 on two sides to be separated left and right, installing the two confining pressure applying bodies 8 between the two thrust seats 7, installing the V-shaped clamping block 9 and the rock sample 10 wrapped by the V-shaped clamping block between the confining pressure applying bodies 8 at the same time, and communicating the resistance strain sensor 15 with the computer 13. The V-shaped clamping blocks 9 with different sizes can be selected according to the diameter of the rock sample 10.
And secondly, adjusting the installation depth of the acoustic emission sensor 14 to ensure that the probe of the acoustic emission sensor 14 is tightly attached to the surface of the rock sample 10, and communicating the acoustic emission sensor 14 with the computer 13.
Thirdly, a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 4 is operated to stretch out, the pressure clamps the rock sample 10 through the thrust seat 7, the confining pressure applying body 8 and the V-shaped clamping block 9, the output pressure of the hydraulic pump 1 is adjusted through the overflow valve 2, confining pressures of different grades are applied to the rock sample 10, a rock mechanical property test is carried out under different load conditions, and the internal damage and surface deformation development data of the confining pressure rock in the loading process are recorded and analyzed.
The utility model discloses a theory of operation is applyed to rock specimen confined pressure:
1. the surface confining pressure of the rock sample 10 is provided by mechanical thrust output by the hydraulic cylinder 4, and axial thrust is converted into radial confining pressure of the rock sample 10 through the confining pressure applying body 8.
2. Force transmission mechanisms on the left side and the right side between the thrust seat 7 and the confining pressure applying body 8 and a V-shaped structure on the inner side of the confining pressure applying body 8 ensure that the confining pressure applying body 8 generates uniform radial confining pressure.
3. Compared with the steel confining pressure applying body 8 and the rock sample 10, the aluminum V-shaped clamping block 9 has the characteristics of good ductility, low elastic modulus and the like, and through the extrusion of the steel confining pressure applying body 8, the V-shaped clamping block 9 is subjected to extension deformation along the surface of the rock sample 10, so that the confining pressure can be uniformly applied to the surface of the rock sample 10.
4. Through numerical simulation and experimental measurement, the magnitude between the hydraulic output pressure P1 of the hydraulic pump 1 and the surface pressure P2 of the rock sample 10 is about P2-0.7P 1.
Claims (1)
1. The utility model provides a high confining pressure rock mechanical properties test device which characterized in that: the device comprises a hydraulic thrust mechanism, a rock confining pressure applying mechanism and a rock mechanical property testing system;
the hydraulic thrust mechanism consists of a hydraulic pump (1), an overflow valve (2), a reversing valve (3), a hydraulic cylinder (4), a base (5), a pin shaft (6) and a thrust seat (7); the hydraulic cylinder (4) is fixed on the base (5) through a pin shaft (6), the thrust seat (7) is connected with the hydraulic cylinder (4) through a bolt, hydraulic pressure output by the hydraulic pump (1) is converted into mechanical thrust through the hydraulic cylinder (4) and acts on the thrust seat (7), the overflow valve (2) ensures the stability of the hydraulic pressure output by the hydraulic pump (1), and the direction of the thrust output by the hydraulic cylinder (4) is controlled by the reversing valve (3);
the rock confining pressure applying mechanism consists of a confining pressure applying body (8) and a V-shaped clamping block (9); the confining pressure applying body (8) is in contact connection with the thrust seat (7) through planes on the left side and the right side; the V-shaped clamping block (9) is made of aluminum, the inner surface of the V-shaped clamping block is a cylindrical surface, and the V-shaped clamping block can clamp a rock sample (10) with the same diameter; the confining pressure applying body (8) converts the thrust of the thrust seat (7) into circumferential confining pressure to act on the V-shaped clamping block (9), and the V-shaped clamping block (9) uniformly acts on the surface of the rock sample (10) through extension deformation;
the rock mechanical property testing system consists of a strain transmission line (11), an acoustic emission data line (12), an acoustic emission sensor (14), a resistance type strain sensor (15) and a computer (13); the acoustic emission sensor (14) is installed on the V-shaped clamping block (9) through the hole grooves in the confining pressure applying body (8) and the V-shaped clamping block (9), so that a probe of the acoustic emission sensor (14) is tightly attached to the surface of the rock sample (10), the resistance type strain sensor (15) is attached to the surface of the rock sample (10) at different depths, and mechanical property data of the rock sample (10) are recorded into a computer through the strain transmission line (11) and the acoustic emission data line (12).
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| CN202120010361.XU CN214121853U (en) | 2021-01-05 | 2021-01-05 | High confining pressure rock mechanical property test device |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112611646A (en) * | 2021-01-05 | 2021-04-06 | 吉林大学 | High confining pressure rock mechanical property test device and test method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112611646A (en) * | 2021-01-05 | 2021-04-06 | 吉林大学 | High confining pressure rock mechanical property test device and test method |
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