CN214066863U - Coarse-grained soil vertical permeability deformation tester - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a coarse-grained soil vertical infiltration deformation tester, which comprises a constant head providing device, a pressure measuring tube, a sample container and a flow measuring device, wherein the constant head providing device is respectively connected with the sample container and the pressure measuring tube, and the flow measuring device is connected with the sample container; the constant head supply device comprises an overflow groove, a water tank and an automatic overflow groove lifting mechanism; the overflow groove is connected with the overflow groove automatic lifting mechanism and is lifted under the control of the overflow groove automatic lifting mechanism; the water tank is connected with the water inlet of the constant pressure area after being connected with the water supply pump through a water supply hose. The utility model discloses a perpendicular infiltration deformation test appearance of coarse-grained soil makes overflow launder and water tank separation through the overflow launder that designs solitary liftable to adopt circulation rivers design between overflow launder and the water tank, combine small and exquisite overflow launder to be used for being promoted to provide high water pressure, realize high hydraulic pressure and fall, reduced the volume of equipment and the energy consumption of operation greatly.

Description

Coarse-grained soil vertical permeability deformation tester

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a water conservancy water and electricity construction technical field, specific survey coarse-grained soil perpendicular osmotic deformation test appearance of osmotic stability under high head pressure that says so.

Background

The high earth and rockfill dam construction technology is rapidly developed in China in recent years, and the highest dam height reaches three hundred meters at present. China has gone to the forefront of the world in this respect, and mastered the most advanced technology and experience. With the development of high earth-rock dam technology, dam safety becomes a focus of attention in the industry. The seepage deformation of the dam becomes an important influence factor on the structural safety of the dam. Therefore, the water conservancy department ranks the infiltration critical slope reduction as essential parameters of geotechnical-first-grade qualification in 2018. Therefore, the coarse-grained soil infiltration deformation test becomes an important test in the high earth and rockfill dam construction technology, and provides direct parameters for dam safety evaluation.

At present, a standard coarse-grained soil osmotic deformation tester identified by the technology does not exist in China. The infiltration and infiltration deformation test method and the test device of the coarse-grained soil are only given in the geotechnical test regulations (GB/T50123-2019), and each related scientific research institution respectively manufactures test models meeting specific requirements of the relevant scientific research institutions. The devices have the advantages of small applicable measurement range, rough design, large volume, small integration level and strong specialization and poor usability, so that the research and development of a complete set of mature and complete instruments and equipment becomes an urgent task.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model provides a coarse-grained soil vertical infiltration deformation tester including constant head provides device that is used for coarse-grained soil vertical infiltration deformation test suitable for high water head pressure. The utility model discloses an add the overflow launder with water tank liquid intercommunication, go up and down to this less overflow launder of volume, reach the higher height that goes up and down, realize the high water pressure supply of the perpendicular osmotic deformation test of soil of high head pressure.

The utility model also provides a coarse-grained soil vertical infiltration deformation tester, which comprises a constant head providing device, a pressure measuring pipe, a sample container and a flow measuring device, wherein the constant head providing device is respectively connected with the sample container and the pressure measuring pipe, and the flow measuring device is connected with the sample container; the constant head supply device comprises an overflow groove, a water tank and an automatic overflow groove lifting mechanism; the overflow groove is connected with the overflow groove automatic lifting mechanism and is lifted under the control of the overflow groove automatic lifting mechanism; the overflow trough is in liquid communication with the water tank. The coarse-grained soil vertical penetration deformation tester can perform a coarse-grained soil vertical penetration test of high hydraulic gradient.

The liftable overflow trough has small volume and light weight, can conveniently lift higher height, can provide hydraulic slope drop up to 6.0, and meets the test requirement of high hydraulic slope drop, particularly the test requirement of dam up to 300-meter engineering.

The overflow groove is lifted under the control of the overflow groove automatic lifting mechanism, and can provide water pressure with different heights to form different hydraulic slopes. In addition, the overflow launder is reduced by a wide margin compared with the existing water tank, and the overflow launder is easy to lift and descend more than the water tank. Therefore, the overflow launder can promote relative sample to higher height, through the utility model discloses a constant head provides the device and can provide higher water conservancy slope and fall, for example more than 6.0.

The utility model discloses in, the water conservancy slope falls for the height of the flood peak difference/sample of sample ground and top surface. The height of the sample is generally 30-50 cm, the height which can be lifted by the overflow trough of the utility model can exceed 3 meters and above, and when the height which can be lifted by the overflow trough reaches 3 meters, the hydraulic slope drop reaches 6.0. In some embodiments, the height to which the isopipe can be raised is typically from 0.3 to 3 meters. In other embodiments, the height to which the isopipe can be raised can exceed 5 meters.

In some preferred embodiments, a vertical partition is provided in the overflow trough, the vertical partition dividing the overflow trough into a constant pressure region and an overflow region, the constant pressure region being in fluid communication with the top of the overflow region.

The arrangement of the overflow area can ensure the stability of the water pressure of the constant pressure area and also ensure the stability of the water pressure of the high-water-head water supply. And in order to adapt to the situation of water heads with different heights, the water supply pump generates excessive water quantity when the water supply is not adjusted in time, and the precision requirement for adjusting the water supply power of the water supply pump is reduced.

In some preferred embodiments, the constant pressure region is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet; the overflow area is provided with an overflow port; the water tank is connected with the water supply pump through a water supply hose and then is connected with the water inlet of the constant pressure area; the overflow port is connected with an overflow pipe, and the other end of the overflow pipe is connected with the water tank.

In some preferred embodiments, the overflow trough automatic lifting mechanism comprises a program-controlled motor, a guide gear, a guide rope and a bracket; the overflow groove is connected to the bracket through a bracket and a connecting block, and the connecting block is fixed on the guide rope; the intelligent control device also comprises an intelligent control module and a digital display screen which are connected with the program control motor circuit.

In some preferred embodiments, the sample container comprises a sample cylinder, a lower water permeable plate, an upper water permeable plate, an inclined water permeable plate, and a transparent funnel and a sand trap positioned at the bottom of the sample cylinder.

In some preferred embodiments, the bottom of the sample cylinder is provided with a sample cylinder water inlet which is connected with a water pressure pipe; the top of the sample cylinder is provided with a sample cylinder overflow hole, and the inner cavity of the sample cylinder overflow hole is of a square structure; the side wall of the sample cylinder is also provided with three pressure measuring holes, each pressure measuring hole is connected with a pressure measuring pipe through a lead, and the three pressure measuring holes are respectively positioned at the top, the middle and the bottom of the sample cylinder; the sample cylinder is also provided with an exhaust hole.

The overflow hole of sample cylinder designs into square-in-square excircle structure, can excrete the infiltration rivers fast, prevents that the condition that rivers are high from taking place. The overflow hole is effectively prevented from discharging water smoothly when the water level rises, and the water level on the upper surface of the sample cylinder is ensured to be constant.

In some embodiments, more than three pressure measuring holes can be provided, for example, four, five, six, etc., and the pressure measuring holes are uniformly arranged on the vertical direction of the side wall of the sample cylinder and are used for measuring the pressure of the sample water at different heights of the sample cylinder.

In some preferred embodiments, the flow measuring device comprises a water collecting bottle, a flow meter and a connecting pipe, wherein the top of the water collecting bottle is connected with the overflow hole of the sample cylinder through the connecting pipe, and the bottom of the water collecting bottle is connected with the flow meter through the connecting pipe.

The utility model also provides a coarse-grained soil vertical infiltration deformation test method, wherein, provide the utility model discloses a coarse-grained soil vertical infiltration deformation tester, its concrete step is as follows:

1. checking and correcting a coarse-grained soil vertical permeability deformation tester;

2. measuring the vertical osmotic deformation index of coarse-grained soil;

3. and (4) calculating and sorting the data according to the regulations of geotechnical test regulation GB/T50123 and 2019.

Wherein, step 1 includes:

firstly, all components of a coarse-grained soil vertical infiltration deformation tester are assembled according to test requirements, the tester is powered on when the tester is started, a screen sample saturation button is pressed, an overflow groove is automatically lifted to a height which is 20cm above the top of a sample container and stops, a water supply pump starts to work simultaneously, water enters the overflow groove from a water tank, when water which exceeds the height of a water level control plate in the overflow groove flows back to the water tank through an overflow port for new circulation, a valve of a water inlet and a valve of an exhaust hole are opened, the sample container is filled with water and exhausted, the sample container is filled with water, the exhaust hole valve is closed after all gas in a pipeline is exhausted, and the sample container is checked to be water-tight;

measuring and reading the reading of the pressure measuring pipe, checking the water head difference, and confirming the pressure difference between the overflow trough water head and the pressure measuring pipe; calibrating the flow meter reading, determining a flow meter reading error value to determine a flow meter calibration value;

the step 2 comprises the following steps:

firstly, fixing a lower porous plate in a sample container, laying a water permeable net with the aperture of 3mm on the lower porous plate and the side wall of a sample cylinder, loading coarse-grained soil samples with optimal water content into the sample cylinder in a layered mode, compacting in a layered mode to reach preset dry density, and finally laying the water permeable net on the top of the samples and placing the upper porous plate;

opening a water inlet and an exhaust hole valve, starting an overflow groove automatic lifting mechanism, selecting a water head (overflow groove) to lift the height, and setting the height to be 20cm higher than the top surface of the sample cylinder; after the overflow trough is lifted to the set height, a saturation program of the sample is carried out: keeping the water of the overflow groove continuously flowing into the sample cylinder, closing the exhaust port valve when no bubble is discharged from the exhaust hole and stable water flows out, observing the water level of the piezometer tube and the discharge condition of the bubble, and confirming the end of the whole saturation process when the stable water flows out from the overflow hole of the sample cylinder;

setting a hydraulic slope value, converting the hydraulic slope value into an overflow groove lifting height, and starting a test after the overflow groove is lifted to a set height: observing the reading of the piezometer tube, checking the deviation between the actual value and the set value of the hydraulic slope drop, observing the reading of the flowmeter, reading the value when the reading of the flowmeter tends to be stable, reading again at intervals of 10 minutes, and stopping the hydraulic slope drop test when the deviation of the readings of three times is not more than 5%; resetting the next-stage hydraulic slope value for testing, wherein the hydraulic slope value can be selected within the range of 0.1-6.0;

and fourthly, continuously improving the hydraulic slope value to carry out a penetration test until the soil sample has fine particle jumping, bubbling, particle movement, soil body suspension, water flow change turbidity in a transparent funnel, seepage flow and rapid change of the water level of the piezometer tube, and recording data in time to finish the test.

Advantageous effects

The utility model discloses a constant head provides device and perpendicular infiltration deformation test appearance of coarse-grained soil makes overflow launder and water tank separation through the independent overflow launder that can promote of design to adopt circulation rivers design between overflow launder and the water tank, combine small and exquisite overflow launder to be used for being promoted to provide high water pressure, realize high water power slope and fall, reduced the volume of equipment and the energy consumption of operation greatly. The problem that the water tank needs to be lifted to a higher position in order to obtain a higher water head difference is avoided, so that a high-power device is needed, and the stability of the testing device is reduced due to the high-position water tank; the control range of the osmotic hydraulic slope drop is increased, and the hydraulic slope drop can reach 6.0 and above. And, the vertical infiltration deformation tester of coarse-grained soil has set up the seepage flow collector, converts intermittent water flow into stable water flow to do benefit to the sampling and the measurement of automatic flowmeter, solved the automatic accurate difficult problem of measuring of seepage flow. The utility model discloses a tester weight is little, the integrated level is high, and the sample simple installation is laborsaving test efficiently.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a coarse-grained soil vertical infiltration deformation tester.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural plan view of a sample cylinder overflow hole.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the constant head supply device.

Fig. 4 is an electrical connection diagram of the constant head supply device.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, but the present invention is not limited to the examples.

As shown in fig. 1, the vertical infiltration deformation instrument for coarse-grained soil of the utility model comprises four parts: constant head supply device, manometric tube system, sample container and flow rate measuring device. The constant head supply device is used for supplying high-head pressure water, the piezometric tube system is used for measuring pressure, the sample container is used for the experiment of a sample, and the flow measuring device is used for measuring the flow of the water. The functional structures of the four parts are relatively independent, and the four parts are connected through a pipeline and a valve to form a whole to complete the whole test process.

As shown in fig. 3, the constant head supply device includes an overflow tank, a water tank, an overflow tank automatic lifting mechanism, and other components; the overflow groove is connected with the overflow groove lifting structure and is lifted under the control of the overflow groove automatic lifting mechanism; the overflow trough is in liquid communication with the water tank. The overflow trough (20) is connected with a bracket (63) of the overflow trough automatic lifting mechanism (26) in a sliding way through a bracket (65) and a connecting block (64) and is fixedly connected with a guide rope (62) to realize lifting. The overflow tank (20) is connected to a water tank (25) having a fixed bottom through a water supply pipe (23) and supplied with water by a water supply pump (24). A vertical water level control plate is arranged in the overflow groove 20, the overflow groove 20 is divided into a constant pressure area (202) and an overflow area (201) by the vertical water level control plate, and the constant pressure area is communicated with the top of the overflow area through liquid. In a specific embodiment, the water level control plate does not extend to the top of the overflow trough, and the space between the water level control plate and the top of the overflow trough is used for overflow of water. In other embodiments, the water level control plate extends to the top of the overflow tank to separate the constant pressure region 202 and the overflow region 201 into two areas which are not communicated with each other, and a through hole is formed in the top of the water level control plate, so that water in the constant pressure region flows into the overflow region through the through hole. The bottom of the constant pressure area of the overflow groove is provided with a water outlet which is connected with a water pressure pipe (22), and the other end of the water pressure pipe (22) is connected with a water inlet hole (15) at the bottom of the sample container. The upper part of the constant pressure area of the overflow groove is provided with a water inlet which is connected with a water supply pipe, the water supply pipe is connected with a water supply pump positioned in the water tank, and the water in the water tank is conveyed to the constant pressure area of the overflow groove through the water supply pump and the water supply pipe. The bottom of the overflow area is provided with an overflow port which is connected with an overflow pipe (21), and the overflowed water returns to the water tank through the overflow pipe (21). The overflow tank supplies a water head pressure to the sample container through a water pressure pipe (22) and acts on the sample (30).

The overflow groove automatic lifting mechanism (26) comprises a program control motor (55), guide gears (61), guide ropes (62) and a support (63), wherein as shown in fig. 3, the top and the bottom of the support are respectively provided with one guide gear, the guide ropes for transmission are wound between the two guide gears, a connecting block (64) is fixed on each guide rope and is sleeved on the support, and when the guide ropes move up and down under the drive of the guide gears, the connecting blocks are driven to slide up and down on the support. The overflow groove is fixedly connected with the connecting block through a bracket (65), so that when the connecting block slides up and down, the overflow groove also moves up and down, the height of the overflow groove can be increased or decreased, and proper water pressure is provided. The guide gear is connected with the program control motor circuit, and the program control motor controls the forward rotation or the reverse rotation of the guide gear to enable the guide rope connected with the guide gear to go up or down. As shown in fig. 4, the program control motor (55) is electrically connected with the intelligent control module (57) and the digital display screen (58) through the driver (56), wherein the intelligent control module power supply (51) is connected with the intelligent control module for supplying power, the driver power supply (52) is connected with the driver for supplying power, and the operation control is carried out through the overflow chute descending switch (53) and the overflow chute ascending switch (54), so that the functions of water head ascending and descending height, sample saturation, permeation test starting and stopping and the like can be carried out through the screen menu button. The intelligent module receives the operation instruction of the screen menu and then realizes various functions through the program control motor and the water supply pump. More specifically, the intelligent control module (57) and the digital display screen (58) can be integrated on the program-controlled motor (55).

The sample container comprises: the sample cylinder (6) is used as a sample containing container, is mainly used for containing coarse-grained soil samples (30), bears the impact force in the sample preparation process and plays the roles of a saturation container and a permeation container in the whole test process. The lower porous plate (7) is positioned at the lower part of the sample cylinder, bears the weight of the sample and isolates the sample from other parts of the instrument. The upper porous plate (5) is positioned at the top of the sample cylinder, is in close contact with the upper surface of the sample to play a role in isolating the sample, can bear vertical load to act on the sample, and is used for testing the osmotic deformation parameters of a soil body under the action of the vertical load. Inclined permeable plate (8) is located the lower part in the sample section of thick bamboo, and it is the permeable plate below of being located down of certain inclination, and the slope is 1: 1, used for removing gas in water. Three or more pressure measuring holes are arranged on the side wall of the sample cylinder, the pressure measuring holes are positioned between the upper permeable plate and the lower permeable plate, and the side wall of the sample cylinder at the lower part of the inclined permeable plate is provided with an exhaust hole (14). The vent (14) is a two-way valve which is opened before sample saturation to vent gas from the sample container. And closing the valve to saturate the sample after the exhaust is finished. The side wall of the bottom of the sample cylinder is provided with a sample cylinder water inlet (15), the water inlet (15) is connected with the overflow groove, receives water flow and water head pressure from the overflow groove and acts on the sample to form seepage water flow and hydraulic slope. The bottom of the transparent organic glass funnel (9) is provided with a sand collector (10), the sand collector (10) collects sand particles escaping from a sample in the test process, and the transparent organic glass funnel (9) is used for observing the water flow turbidity condition in the permeation process so as to judge whether the permeation deformation reaches a critical state. The overflow hole (1) is of an inner square and outer circle structure, as shown in fig. 2, the outer wall (111) is of a round structure and is conveniently connected with the connecting pipe, and the inner wall (112) is of a square structure, so that surface tension is not easily formed inside the overflow hole, water is prevented from flowing, and overflow water is quickly discharged. Rubber sealing rings are respectively adopted between the sand collector (10) and the transparent organic glass funnel (9) and between the transparent organic glass funnel (9) and the sample cylinder (6) for sealing.

The pressure measuring pipe is mainly used for measuring the water pressure provided by the overflow groove and the water pressure of each part of the sample container and monitoring the water level change condition. The pressure measuring pipe is made of toughened glass and scales are marked, so that the water level height of a connecting part with the pressure measuring pipe can be accurately measured. The pressure measuring pipe includes: the pressure measuring pipe (16) is connected with a pressure measuring hole (11) of the sample container and is used for measuring the water pressure after the water pressure passes through the sample. The pressure measuring pipe (17) is connected with a pressure measuring hole (12) of the sample container, and the water pressure after the water pressure passes through half of the height of the sample is measured. The pressure measuring pipe (18) is connected with a pressure measuring hole (13) of the sample container and is used for measuring the water pressure at the bottom of the sample. The pressure measuring pipe (19) is connected with a water pressure pipe (22) of the constant head providing device and displays the head pressure provided by the constant head providing device.

The flow rate measuring device includes: the overflow hole (1) is connected with the water collecting bottle (2), overflow water generated in the permeation process is discharged to the water collecting bottle (2), and the water collecting bottle (2) converts the intermittently discharged overflow water into stable water flow which is discharged to the water tank (4) through the flowmeter (3). The design of the water collecting bottle (2) improves the accuracy of flow measurement. Specifically, the water collecting bottle is communicated with the water tank through a connecting pipe (27), and the flow meter is mounted on the connecting pipe. In addition, a valve can be arranged on the connecting pipe (27) and used for controlling the liquid flow of the water collecting bottle and the water tank. The water tank (4) is provided with scale marks, so that the flow in a certain time period can be measured, and the accuracy of the measurement of the flow can be checked by comparing the reading of the flow meter (3), thereby improving the precision of the flow measurement. In some embodiments, the bottom of the water collecting bottle is arranged into an inverted cone structure. Before starting the flow test, close the valve on the connecting pipe earlier, make the water that sample container overflow hole flows flow earlier to the water collecting bottle in, treat that the water in the water collecting bottle amasss to certain volume, for example to the half of water collecting bottle volume, open the valve again and carry out the flow test, like this, can guarantee that the rivers that detect are continuous rivers, guarantee flow detection's accuracy.

Utilize the utility model discloses coarse grained soil perpendicular osmotic deformation tester carries out coarse grained soil perpendicular osmotic deformation experimental step as follows:

1. calibration of coarse-grained soil vertical permeability deformation tester

Firstly, all components of a coarse-grained soil vertical infiltration deformation tester are assembled according to test requirements, the tester is powered on when the tester is started, a screen sample saturation button is pressed to saturate a sample, an overflow groove (20) is automatically lifted to a height which is 20cm above the top of a sample container and stops, a water supply pump (24) starts to work at the same time, water enters the overflow groove (20) from a water tank (25), and water which exceeds the height of a water level control plate in the overflow groove (20) flows back to the water tank to perform new circulation; opening a valve of a water inlet hole (15) and a valve of an exhaust hole (14), filling water into the sample container, exhausting air, filling water into the seepage container, closing the valve of the exhaust hole after all gas in the pipeline is exhausted, and checking that the sample container is not water-tight;

reading readings of the pressure measuring pipe (16), the pressure measuring pipe (17), the pressure measuring pipe (18) and the pressure measuring pipe (19), checking the water head difference, and confirming the pressure difference between the water head of the overflow groove (20) and the pressure measuring pipe (19); the flow meter reading is calibrated and a flow meter reading error value is determined to determine a flow meter calibration value.

2. Determination of vertical osmotic deformation index of coarse-grained soil

Fixing a lower permeable plate (7) in a sample container, laying a permeable net with the aperture of 3mm on the lower permeable plate and the side wall of a sample cylinder, loading coarse-grained soil samples with optimal water content into the sample cylinder in layers, compacting the samples in layers to reach preset dry density, and finally laying the permeable net on the top of the samples and placing an upper permeable plate (5);

secondly, opening valves of a water inlet hole (15) and an exhaust hole (14), starting an overflow groove automatic lifting mechanism (26), selecting a water head lifting height (namely an overflow groove lifting height), and setting the height to be 20cm higher than the top surface of the sample cylinder (6); after the overflow groove (20) is automatically lifted to a set height, a saturation program of a sample is carried out; keeping the water of the overflow groove continuously flowing into the sample cylinder, and closing the exhaust port valve when the exhaust hole (14) is discharged without bubbles and stable water flows out; observing the water level of the piezometer tube and the air bubble discharge condition; when the stable water flow is discharged from the overflow hole (1), the end of the whole saturation process can be confirmed.

Setting a hydraulic slope value, converting the hydraulic slope value into an overflow groove lifting height, and starting a test after the overflow groove is lifted to a set height: and observing the reading of the piezometer tube, and checking the deviation between the actual value and the set value of the hydraulic slope. And (3) observing the reading of the flowmeter, reading the value when the reading of the flowmeter tends to be stable, reading again at intervals of 10 minutes, stopping the hydraulic slope test of the current stage when the deviation of the readings for three times is not more than 5%, resetting the hydraulic slope value of the next stage for testing, and enabling the hydraulic slope value to be in an optional range of 0.1-6.0.

And fourthly, continuously improving the hydraulic slope value to carry out the penetration test until the soil sample has the conditions of fine particle jumping, bubbling, particle movement, soil body suspension, water flow turbidity, seepage flow and rapid change of the water level of the piezometer tube, and recording data in time to finish the test.

3. And (4) calculating and sorting the data according to the regulations of geotechnical test regulation GB/T50123 and 2019.

Claims (10)

1. A vertical infiltration deformation tester for coarse-grained soil is characterized by comprising a constant head supply device, a pressure measuring pipe, a sample container and a flow measuring device, wherein the constant head supply device is respectively connected with the sample container and the pressure measuring pipe, and the flow measuring device is connected with the sample container; the constant head supply device comprises an overflow groove, a water tank and an automatic overflow groove lifting mechanism; the overflow groove is connected with the overflow groove automatic lifting mechanism and is lifted under the control of the overflow groove automatic lifting mechanism; the water tank is connected with the overflow groove after being connected with the water supply pump through a water supply hose.

2. The vertical infiltration deformation tester of coarse-grained soil according to claim 1, characterized in that a vertical partition is arranged in the overflow launder, the vertical partition divides the overflow launder into a constant pressure area and an overflow area, and the constant pressure area is in liquid communication with the top of the overflow area.

3. The vertical infiltration deformation tester of coarse-grained soil according to claim 2, characterized in that the constant-pressure area is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet; the overflow area is provided with an overflow port; the overflow port is connected with an overflow pipe, and the other end of the overflow pipe is connected with the water tank.

4. The vertical infiltration deformation tester of coarse-grained soil according to claim 1, characterized in that the overflow chute automatic lifting mechanism comprises a program-controlled motor, a guide gear, a guide rope and a bracket; the overflow launder passes through bracket and connecting block to be connected on the support, and the connecting block is fixed on the direction rope.

5. The vertical infiltration deformation tester of coarse-grained soil according to claim 4, characterized by further comprising an intelligent control module and a digital display screen which are connected with the program-controlled motor circuit.

6. The vertical infiltration deformation tester for coarse-grained soil according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the sample container comprises a sample cylinder, a lower water permeable plate, an upper water permeable plate, an inclined water permeable plate, and a transparent funnel and a sand collector positioned at the bottom of the sample cylinder.

7. The vertical infiltration deformation tester for coarse-grained soil according to claim 5, characterized in that a water inlet of the sample cylinder is arranged at the bottom of the sample cylinder and is connected with a water pressure pipe; the top of the sample cylinder is provided with a sample cylinder overflow hole, the side wall of the sample cylinder is also provided with three pressure measuring holes, each pressure measuring hole is connected with one pressure measuring pipe through a lead, and the three pressure measuring holes are respectively positioned at the top, the middle and the bottom of the sample cylinder; the sample cylinder is also provided with an exhaust hole.

8. The vertical infiltration deformation tester of coarse-grained soil according to claim 6, characterized in that the constant-pressure-region water outlet and the sample cylinder water inlet are connected through a water pressure pipe; the water pressure pipe is also connected with a piezometric pipe.

9. The vertical infiltration deformation tester of coarse-grained soil according to claim 6, characterized in that the inner cavity of the overflow hole of the sample cylinder is arranged in a square structure.

10. The vertical infiltration deformation tester of coarse-grained soil according to claim 5, characterized in that the flow measuring device comprises a water collecting bottle, a flow meter and a connecting pipe, wherein the top of the water collecting bottle is connected with the overflow hole of the sample cylinder through the connecting pipe, and the bottom of the water collecting bottle is connected with the flow meter through the connecting pipe.

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