CN214065799U - Surface water heat exchange device and system - Google Patents
Surface water heat exchange device and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN214065799U CN214065799U CN202023016993.1U CN202023016993U CN214065799U CN 214065799 U CN214065799 U CN 214065799U CN 202023016993 U CN202023016993 U CN 202023016993U CN 214065799 U CN214065799 U CN 214065799U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a surface water heat transfer device, it includes: an open tunnel structure having a slope formed along a length direction, the slope driving natural source water to flow within the open tunnel structure; the tube array heat exchanger is arranged in the open tunnel structure, and a heat exchange medium flows in the tube array of the tube array heat exchanger; and the circulating pump is connected with the tubular heat exchanger to drive the flow of the heat exchange medium. Correspondingly, the utility model also discloses a surface water heat transfer system, it includes still that it includes foretell surface water heat transfer device: the device comprises a natural water source extraction device, a natural water source return device, a heat exchange medium and refrigerant heat exchange device, a working medium and refrigerant heat exchange device and a working medium output device.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a heat transfer device and system especially relate to a surface water heat transfer device and system.
Background
According to the national standard of engineering specification of ground source heat pump system (GB 50366-. However, according to the different forms of geothermal energy exchange systems, the ground source heat pump system can be further divided into: the system comprises a ground pipe ground source heat pump system, a ground water ground source heat pump system and a surface water ground source heat pump system.
Further, in the surface water ground source heat pump system, the geothermal energy exchange system exchanging heat with the surface water can be divided into: open-loop surface water heat exchange systems and closed-loop surface water heat exchange systems. Wherein, open surface water heat transfer system indicates: a system for extracting natural water source water from a natural water source water body by adopting a water taking system, wherein the natural water source water is subjected to purification treatment and then is driven by a circulating pump to carry out heat exchange with a heat exchange medium; closed surface water heat transfer system is: the system is characterized in that the tubular heat exchangers are directly immersed into the natural water source water body according to various arrangement methods, and heat exchange media directly exchange heat with the natural water source water body through the tube walls of the tubular heat exchangers.
However, traditional open surface water heat transfer system and closed surface water heat transfer system all have certain defect, specifically as follows:
(1) in traditional open surface water heat transfer system, the heat exchange of natural water source water and heat transfer medium belongs to the compulsory heat exchange, and natural water source water all adopts the pressurized high-speed flow mode of circulating pump with heat transfer medium in heat transfer device promptly, and its heat transfer device generally chooses airtight, standardized, miniaturized high-efficient indirect heating equipment for use to follow big batch, scale, standardized equipment manufacturing thinking, standardize indirect heating equipment into a general standard equipment, and most common standardized equipment includes: plate heat exchanger, shell-and-tube heat exchanger.
Plate heat exchanger generally adopts the clearance to be heat transfer between 0.6 ~ 0.8mm heat transfer board, and tube heat exchanger generally adopts the interval at the tube bank of 10 ~ 20mm heat transfer between the pipe. The plate heat exchanger and the shell-and-tube heat exchanger both have the characteristic of narrow fluid circulation gaps, and the characteristic is the embodiment of batch, large-scale and standardized equipment manufacturing thinking, so that the advantages of miniaturization, high efficiency and low cost of heat exchange equipment are ensured. However, the narrow flow gap between the plate heat exchanger and the shell-and-tube heat exchanger can easily cause the blockage of a water channel, so that the requirements on the purity and the stability of heat exchange fluid are high, and the requirements on the water quality of a water source are high, which can be realized for conventional stable industrial processes such as metallurgy, chemical industry, electric power and the like, so that the plate heat exchanger and the shell-and-tube heat exchanger are well applied to the conventional industrial field. However, the water source state of the natural water source is extremely unstable, so that the plate heat exchanger and the shell and tube heat exchanger adopted in the natural water source need a huge water source pretreatment system, not only suspended matters in the water body are removed, but also microorganisms in the water body are removed, and the water body is possibly polluted by the use of a large amount of medicaments. Even in such a way, in the operation process, the two heat exchangers are easy to scale and form a dirt layer, so that the heat exchange efficiency is rapidly reduced, and the heat exchanger needs to be stopped for cleaning dirt in severe cases. In a plate heat exchanger and a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, a transition section of a fluid at the boundary of the heat exchanger can generate a flow state with low flow velocity, and when the temperature of the fluid drops to the vicinity of a freezing point, the transition section can first generate phase change icing due to temperature drop, so that the icing and blocking inside the heat exchanger can cause system failure; meanwhile, the temperature of the heat exchange medium is not suitable to be too low, and if the temperature of the heat exchange medium is too low, the phase change icing phenomenon is generated on the wall surface of the heat exchanger, so that the water flow resistance is increased, and the icing phenomenon is further strengthened until the system is blocked due to icing. Two kinds of heat exchangers are in order integrateing the owner simultaneously, though there is portable detachable to appear at present, but take place to block up behind the accident, two kinds of heat exchangers maintenance are all very inconvenient, need shut down and dismantle work such as change, maintenance engineering is comparatively complicated difficult.
Meanwhile, under the concept of pursuing miniaturization, high efficiency and low cost, the heat exchangers of the equipment all adopt a high-strength heat exchange mode, namely, the heat exchange interface is relatively small under the same heat exchange quantity. The high intensity heat exchange mode requires that the media on both sides of the heat exchange interface of the heat exchanger are both at high temperature differential conditions, which leads to two problems. Firstly, the outlet of the natural water source water after heat exchange corresponds to the inlet of the intermediate medium, namely the natural water source water and the intermediate medium are both in the lowest temperature condition, the high-intensity heat exchange mode requires that the media on the two sides of the heat exchange interface are in the high temperature difference condition, the ultralow temperature intermediate medium enables the interface on the natural water source side of the heat exchanger to generate ultralow temperature, the natural water source water of the heat exchanger is subjected to phase change to generate icing, the natural water source water is also in the low temperature condition, the phase change generation intensity is high in the high-intensity heat exchange mode, the thickness of an ice layer is large, the thick ice layer generated at the position is likely to block a water flow channel, if the high-intensity heat exchange mode is still maintained, the temperature of the outlet of the natural water source water can be increased, the thickness of the ice layer can be inhibited within an allowable range, and the temperature difference of the extraction of the natural water source water can be reduced, namely the energy of the natural water source water can be reduced. The traditional heat exchange method usually controls the temperature of a natural water source to be 5 ℃ above the freezing point, and the energy extracted from the natural water source can be greatly lost. Secondly, the high-strength heat exchange mode requires that media on two sides of the heat exchange interface are in a high temperature difference condition, namely the heat exchange media are in a low-temperature circulation condition, the heat exchange media in the low-temperature circulation condition reduce the working efficiency of the heat pump, and indirectly reduce the energy efficiency ratio of the whole system.
Therefore, the traditional open surface water heat exchange system has poor capability of coping with the variability of natural water source water, the water taking engineering and the water source pretreatment system are complex, and the safety and the reliability of long-time operation are poor; the discharge temperature of the natural water source water after heat exchange is high, and the extractable energy loss of the natural water source water is large; the heat exchange temperature difference is large, the inlet temperature of a heat exchange medium is low, the working efficiency of the heat pump is reduced, and the energy efficiency ratio of the whole system is indirectly reduced.
(2) In the traditional closed surface water heat exchange system, the heat exchange between the natural water source water and the heat exchange medium belongs to semi-forced heat exchange, namely, only the heat exchange medium adopts a high-speed flow mode pressurized by a circulating pump in the heat exchange device, the natural water source water adopts a non-pressure natural state in the heat exchange device, and the tubular heat exchanger is directly immersed in the natural water source, so that the heat exchange device is an open system consisting of the natural water source water and the tubular heat exchanger.
The traditional closed surface water heat exchange system is an open system consisting of a natural water source water body and a tube type heat exchanger, the natural water source water is in a natural state, for a flowing water body natural water source, the water body flowing speed fluctuates greatly along with the natural condition, and flood and large tide greatly impact the tube type heat exchanger immersed in the water body, so that the water body with possible strong flowing impact is not suitable for adopting the closed surface water heat exchange system.
The detention type water body is relatively high in safety, but for the detention type water body natural water source, the flow generated by transmitting surge formed in a natural state to the water body is very small, and the density flow generated by the pipe wall of the tubular heat exchanger near the pipe wall due to heat exchange becomes the main part of the flow velocity of the flowing heat exchange water flow of the natural water source. Therefore, the natural water source side flow heat exchange coefficient of the detention type water body closed surface water heat exchange system is very low, and the heat exchange medium side flow heat exchange coefficient is very high, namely, the difference of the heat exchange capacity of the two sides of the heat exchange interface is very large.
Therefore, the traditional closed surface water heat exchange system can deal with the variability of natural water sources, and although a matched water taking project is not built for a flowing water body, the fixed investment of the tubular heat exchanger in the system on the water body is large in order to prevent flowing impact; the low natural water source side flow heat exchange coefficient of the retention type water body causes the number requirement of the tube-in-tube heat exchanger to be too large and the cost to be too high.
Based on this, in order to overcome the defect that exists among the open and closed surface water heat transfer system of above prior art, the utility model discloses the expectation obtains a new surface water heat transfer device and system, and it not only can guarantee security, the reliability of natural water source system operation under the complex condition, can also realize that heat transfer interface between natural water source water and the heat transfer medium is upsized, and it can effectively improve water source heat pump system whole energy utilization efficiency, guarantees that natural water source energy furthest draws, reduces whole investment and operation cost by a wide margin.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of the utility model is to provide a surface water heat transfer device, this surface water heat transfer device not only can guarantee the security, the reliability of nature water source system operation under the complex condition, can also realize that heat transfer interface between nature water source and the heat transfer medium is upsized, and it can effectively improve the whole energy utilization efficiency of water source heat pump system, guarantees that nature water source energy furthest draws, has reduced whole investment and operation cost by a wide margin, has good popularization prospect and using value.
In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a surface water heat transfer device, it includes the step:
an open tunnel structure having a slope formed along a length direction, the slope driving natural source water to flow within the open tunnel structure;
the tube array heat exchanger is arranged in the open tunnel structure, and a heat exchange medium flows in the tube array of the tube array heat exchanger;
and the circulating pump is connected with the tubular heat exchanger to drive the flow of the heat exchange medium.
The above technical scheme of the utility model, the utility model discloses an open-type tunnel structure has been designed and developed creatively among the surface water heat transfer device, it has a grade, natural water source water can rely on the potential energy difference that the grade produced to be as the power that flows naturally in open-type tunnel structure, a large amount of shell and tube heat exchangers submerge in the natural water source aquatic of open-type tunnel structure, the shell and tube heat exchanger is connected with the circulating pump, the shell and tube heat exchanger can rely on the circulating pump to carry out the heat exchange with the inside heat transfer medium's of shell and tube heat exchanger outside natural flow's natural water source water to realize the inside heat transfer medium of shell and tube heat exchanger and carry out the heat exchange.
In the utility model discloses, surface water heat transfer device can effectively increase heat transfer capacity, reduce the discharge temperature of natural water source water, realize furthest and draw the energy of natural water source aquatic.
Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the present invention, the design of the tunnel adopting the open structure is because: the open structure not only can realize on-line dredging, moss cleaning and shell mollusk knocking out in the tunnel, but also can reserve a water level fluctuation interval for overcoming the change of resistance factors.
Further, in the surface water heat exchange device of the present invention, the open tunnel structure includes a concrete open tunnel structure.
Further, in the surface water heat exchange device of the present invention, a smooth layer is attached to the inner wall surface of the open tunnel structure.
In the technical scheme, for reducing the natural water source rivers flow resistance and reduce the scale deposit, can be right the inner wall of open-type tunnel structure among the surface water heat transfer device carries out smooth processing to at its attached smooth layer, attached smooth layer can be porcelain plate layer, corrosion resistant plate layer and dope layer.
Further, in the surface water heat exchanger of the present invention, the smoothing layer is provided as at least one of a ceramic plate layer, a stainless steel plate layer and a paint layer.
Further, in the surface water heat exchanger of the present invention, the gradient is not more than 2%.
Further, in the surface water heat exchange device of the present invention, the length-diameter ratio of the open tunnel structure is not less than 50, the length-diameter ratio is the ratio of the diameter of the equal-area circle of the natural water source water flowing distance and the natural water source water effective sectional area.
In the utility model, surface water heat transfer device's open tunnel structure has the slope that forms along length direction in, and the potential energy difference that the slope formed can regard as the power that flows naturally, and should overcome the flow resistance of natural water source water, dirt resistance, the frozen resistance that increases of heat transfer wall and so on resistance sum, preferably can set up the slope and be less than or equal to 2%.
Furthermore, it should be noted that the utility model discloses a high draw ratio structure has been adopted among surface water heat transfer device's the open tunnel structure to improve the velocity of flow of natural source water in the tunnel, the draw ratio of preferred open tunnel structure is more than or equal to 50, and can make the velocity of flow of natural source water be more than or equal to 0.5m/s in the tunnel.
Further, in the surface water heat exchange device of the present invention, the open tunnel structure is configured to: so that the flow speed of the natural source water flowing in the water tank is more than or equal to 0.5 m/s.
Further, in the surface water heat exchange device of the present invention, the circulation pump is provided with: so that the flow speed of the heat exchange medium is more than or equal to 1 m/s.
In the technical scheme, a large amount of shell and tube heat exchangers among the surface water heat transfer device arrange in the open-type tunnel structure to by the natural water source water submergence in the tunnel. The heat exchange medium circulating in the tubular heat exchanger circulates by a circulating pump, the flowing heat exchange coefficient can be effectively improved by adopting high flow velocity, and the flow velocity of the heat exchange medium can be preferably controlled to be more than or equal to 1 m/s.
Further, in the surface water heat exchange device of the present invention, the tube array of the tube array heat exchanger includes a finned tube and/or a light pipe.
In the above technical scheme, the tubulation among the tubulation heat exchanger can include batchization production's finned tube and/or fluorescent tube, its material can be stainless steel, aluminum alloy, titanium alloy, engineering plastics etc..
Further, in the surface water heat exchanger of the present invention, the distance between the adjacent light pipes is not less than 30 mm.
Further, in the surface water heat exchanger of the present invention, the distance between the adjacent fins of the finned tube is not less than 30 mm.
In the technical scheme, the tubular heat exchanger of the utility model can adopt large-gap arrangement in an open tunnel structure, and when the tubular heat exchanger adopts light tubes, the distance between the adjacent light tubes can be preferably controlled to be more than or equal to 30 mm; when the tube array of the tube array heat exchanger adopts the finned tube, the distance between the adjacent fins of the finned tube can be preferably controlled to be more than or equal to 30mm so as to reduce the requirement on the content of suspended matters in water of a natural water source and reduce the influence of resistance increasing factors such as sediment deposition, wall surface scaling, formed moss, adsorbed and grown shell mollusks, icing and the like.
Further, in the surface water heat exchanger of the present invention, the heat exchange medium includes pure water and/or an aqueous solution, the aqueous solution contains a solute for lowering the freezing point of water, and the solute for lowering the freezing point of water may include salt, sugar, alcohol or other similar soluble substances.
Correspondingly, another aim at provides a surface water heat transfer system, its security, the reliability that not only can guarantee natural water source system operation under the complex condition of this system, can also realize that heat transfer interface between natural water source water and the heat transfer medium is upsized, and it can effectively improve the whole energy utilization efficiency of water source heat pump system, guarantees that natural water source energy furthest draws, has reduced whole investment and operation cost by a wide margin, has very important realistic meaning.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a surface water heat exchange system, which comprises the above surface water heat exchange device; the surface water heat exchange system further comprises:
the natural water source extraction device extracts natural water source water in a natural water source and sends the natural water source water into the surface water heat exchange device;
the natural water source returning device is communicated with the surface water heat exchange device so as to return the natural water source water subjected to heat exchange to a natural water source;
the heat exchange medium and refrigerant heat exchange device is communicated with the surface water heat exchange device and comprises a first heat exchanger, and the first heat exchanger is arranged to enable the heat exchange medium and the refrigerant to exchange heat;
the working medium and refrigerant heat exchange device is communicated with the heat exchange medium and refrigerant heat exchange device and comprises a second heat exchanger, and the second heat exchanger is arranged to enable the refrigerant to exchange heat with the working medium;
and the working medium output device is communicated with the working medium and refrigerant heat exchange device so as to output the working medium subjected to heat exchange.
In the above technical scheme, surface water heat transfer system compare with traditional open surface water heat transfer system and all adopted natural water source separation heat transfer, but the utility model discloses a surface water heat transfer device of brand-new design, creative design has added an open-type tunnel structure among the surface water heat transfer device, heat transfer medium's heat transfer method and equipment are great on basic principle in its natural water source water and tubulation heat exchanger. Furthermore, the utility model discloses compare with traditional open surface water heat transfer system, still adopted the mode of the wide clearance circulation of natural water source water, its security and the reliability that can guarantee the system operation.
In the utility model, the gap of the open tunnel structure for water circulation of natural water source is not narrowed, and when the light pipes are selected as the tubes of the tube-in-tube heat exchanger, the distance between the adjacent light pipes can be preferably controlled to be more than or equal to 30 mm; when the tube array of the tube array heat exchanger adopts the finned tube, the distance between adjacent fins of the finned tube can be preferably controlled to be more than or equal to 30mm, the gap between the adjacent fins is far higher than the gap between heat exchange plates of the plate heat exchanger in the prior art by 0.6-0.8 mm, and the tube bundle changing distance of the tube shell heat exchanger in the prior art is 10-20 mm. Therefore, the utility model discloses in, rivers resistance can reduce by a wide margin among submergence shell and tube heat exchanger's the open-type tunnel structure, and the natural water source water that the wide clearance was allowed contains suspended solid content limit value very high, requires to reduce to the purification of drawing natural water source water like this, and the water intaking facility can be simplified correspondingly, and the simplification of water intaking facility can reduce overall system investment about 2%, greatly reduced cost.
In addition, the open tunnel structure in the surface water heat exchange system of the utility model adopts an open structure, and the moss formed on the heat exchange pipe wall and the fins by the microorganism contained in the natural water source water and the shell mollusk such as oyster which grows by adsorption can be easily removed on line under the condition of the open structure. Therefore, microorganisms in the natural water source water body do not need to be killed by poison during cleaning, parking cleaning is not needed, the operation cost is reduced, the investment of a large amount of medicaments can be reduced, and the ecological environment protection of the whole process flow can be effectively realized.
Surface water heat transfer system in, by the natural water source water among the natural water source extraction element suction surface water heat transfer device can not have the dead angle, the unblocked of the inflection point that flows, can not produce the singularity phase transition that the variation leads to that flows and freeze. At the heat exchange medium inlet of the tubular heat exchanger, the ultralow temperature heat exchange medium enables the interface of the tubular heat exchanger close to the natural water source water side to generate ultralow temperature, although the tubular heat exchanger is also subjected to phase change to generate icing close to the natural water source water side, the wide gap of the natural water source water circulation channel can allow an ice layer with certain thickness, and the constraint on the thickness of the ice layer is relaxed. Under the condition of same heat transfer intensity, heat transfer medium temperature, the utility model discloses a natural water source water outlet temperature that the system can allow is lower, can extract more natural water source water energy.
Correspondingly, compare with traditional closed surface water heat transfer system, surface water heat transfer system adopted the mode of natural water source water separation heat transfer, and the creative design of surface water heat transfer device has added an open-type tunnel structure in the system, it has the slope along length direction formation, slope drive natural water source water flows in open-type tunnel structure.
Therefore, though surface water heat transfer system's natural water source water is very similar with traditional closed surface water heat transfer system with heat transfer medium heat transfer method and equipment on basic principle: both all adopt high-pressure forced circulation heat transfer medium, and natural water source water all is in unpowered natural state, and indirect heating equipment all adopts shell and tube heat exchanger submergence in natural water source aquatic, but the utility model discloses a mode of natural water source water separation heat transfer, and natural water source water can pass through the tunnel with certain velocity of flow under the effect of potential energy difference in open-type tunnel structure.
The heat exchange medium of the tubular heat exchanger in the surface water heat exchange device of the surface water heat exchange system of the utility model still flows at high speed under pressure, and the flowing heat exchange coefficient is high; the natural water source side of the tube still heat exchanger is in unpowered flow, but the flow speed of the natural water source water flowing under the action of potential energy difference can be more than or equal to 0.5 m/s. Therefore, the flowing heat exchange coefficient of the water side of the natural water source is in a higher state, and the difference of a heat exchange interface can be effectively reduced. Meanwhile, in some embodiments, when the tube array of the tube array heat exchanger adopts the finned tube, because the water flow direction of the natural water source flows along the direction of the tunnel, the fin tube heat exchanger fin and the water flow can be realized, thereby effectively increasing the area of the water heat exchange interface of the tube array heat exchanger and the natural water source of the finned tube, reducing the difference between the natural water source side and the heat exchange capacity of the heat exchange medium, and making the capacity of the surface water heat exchange device in the surface water heat exchange system be fully exerted.
In addition, in some embodiments, the open tunnel structure of the surface water heat exchange device may be a slender structure, the length-diameter ratio of the open tunnel structure is controlled to be greater than or equal to 50, and the high length-diameter ratio means that the tube-in-tube heat exchanger can obtain a higher natural water source water flow rate under the same volume of natural water source water flow rate, so as to further improve the heat exchange coefficient.
Surface water heat transfer device and system compare in prior art have as follows advantage and beneficial effect:
surface water heat transfer device not only can guarantee security, the reliability of natural water source system operation under the complex condition, can also realize that heat transfer interface between natural water source and the heat transfer medium is upsized, it can effectively improve the whole energy utilization efficiency of water source heat pump system, guarantees that natural water source energy furthest draws, has reduced whole investment and operation cost by a wide margin, has good popularization prospect and using value.
Correspondingly, surface water heat transfer system in adopted above-mentioned surface water heat transfer device, it also has foretell advantage and beneficial effect equally.
Surface water heat transfer system compare with traditional open surface water heat transfer system, can effectively simplify water intaking engineering, natural water source clean system, make the overall engineering construction investment descend. The system is more adaptive to the variability of a natural water source, the operation safety of the system is improved, the online dredging, the moss cleaning and the shell mollusk knocking-out can be realized, and the operation stability of the system can be effectively improved.
Furthermore, surface water heat transfer system in still adopt super large heat transfer interface design to effectively increase heat exchange efficiency, reduce the discharge temperature of natural water source water, realize furthest and draw natural water source energy.
Surface water heat transfer system compare with traditional closed surface water heat transfer system, can be under the prerequisite that remains stable, improve the velocity of flow of natural water source water in the system to natural water source side flow heat transfer coefficient has been improved. Furthermore, the utility model discloses in, the shell and tube heat exchanger that submergence is in natural water source is stable, safe in open-type tunnel structure, does not have the impact risk.
Additionally, surface water heat transfer system fixed the velocity of flow direction of natural water source water, in some embodiments, when tubular heat exchanger's tubulation adopted the finned tube, can effectively increase the heat transfer area from the natural water source side.
Drawings
Fig. 1 schematically shows a schematic flow diagram of a surface water heat exchange system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a partial schematic structural view of a surface water heat exchange device of a surface water heat exchange system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of a structure at a position a of the surface water heat exchange device shown in fig. 2.
Detailed Description
The surface water heat exchange device and system of the present invention will be further explained and illustrated with reference to the drawings and specific examples, which, however, should not be construed to unduly limit the technical solution of the present invention.
Fig. 1 schematically shows a schematic flow diagram of a surface water heat exchange system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a partial schematic structural view of a surface water heat exchange device of a surface water heat exchange system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of a structure at a position a of the surface water heat exchange device shown in fig. 2.
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 3, in this embodiment, the surface water heat exchange system of the present invention may include: the system comprises a surface water heat exchange device 1, a natural water source extraction device 2, a natural water source return device 3, a heat exchange medium and refrigerant heat exchange device 4, a working medium and refrigerant heat exchange device 5 and a working medium output device 6.
As can be seen by continuing to refer to fig. 1, in this embodiment, the surface water heat exchange system of the present invention may further include: compressor 7, expansion valve 8, user heat exchange device 9 and working medium return device 10. Through analysis, the natural water source extraction device 2, the natural water source return device 3 and the natural water source can form a natural water source side subsystem in the utility model; the surface water heat exchange device 1 and the heat exchange medium and refrigerant heat exchange device 4 can form a heat exchange medium side subsystem; the heat exchange medium and refrigerant heat exchange device 4, the compressor 7, the working medium and refrigerant heat exchange device 5 and the expansion valve 8 can form a heat pump unit working subsystem; the working medium and refrigerant heat exchange device 5, the working medium output device 6, the user heat exchange device 9 and the working medium return device 10 can form a working medium side subsystem. The working medium return means 10 communicates with the user heat exchange means 9 of the working medium on the working side to return the heat exchanged working medium to the working medium and refrigerant heat exchange means. The four subsystems run independently without substance exchange, and only realize energy exchange through a heat exchange interface.
Referring to fig. 2 and fig. 3 in combination, the surface water heat exchange system of the present invention employs a surface water heat exchange device of an open tunnel structure, and the surface water heat exchange device 1 includes: an open tunnel structure 11, a tubular heat exchanger 12 and a circulation pump 13. In the utility model, the surface water heat exchange device is creatively designed and adopts an open tunnel structure, the open tunnel structure 11 has a slope formed along the length direction, and the slope can drive natural source water to flow in the open tunnel structure 11; the tubular heat exchanger 12 is arranged in the open tunnel structure 11 and is immersed in natural water source water, and a heat exchange medium flows in the tubular 121 of the tubular heat exchanger 12; the circulating pump 13 is connected with the tubular heat exchanger 12, and can drive the flow of heat exchange medium, and the tubular heat exchanger 12 relies on the circulating pump 13 to drive the circulating heat exchange medium to exchange heat with natural water source water naturally flowing outside the tubular heat exchanger 12.
The utility model discloses in, the utility model discloses foretell surface water heat transfer device has still adopted the mode of the wide clearance circulation of natural water source water, and open-type tunnel structure 11 can supply the clearance of natural water source water circulation no longer narrow, and its security and the reliability that can guarantee the system operation. The utility model discloses in, the design that the tunnel adopted open structure is because: the open structure not only can realize on-line dredging, moss cleaning and shell mollusk knocking out in the tunnel, but also can reserve a water level fluctuation interval for overcoming the change of resistance factors.
It should be noted that, in some embodiments, the open tunnel structure 11 may be a civil construction of a concrete structure, and in order to reduce the flow resistance of natural source water and reduce scale formation, the inner side of the open tunnel structure 11 may be subjected to a smoothing treatment, and a smoothing layer may be attached to the surface of the open tunnel structure, where the smoothing layer may be a slab layer, a stainless steel slab layer, or a paint layer.
In addition, it should be noted that, in the system of the present invention, a natural gradient is provided in the open tunnel structure 11, and the potential energy difference formed by the natural gradient is used as the power of natural flow to overcome the total resistance sum of the flow resistance of water in the natural water source, the resistance of dirt, the resistance increased by icing on the heat exchange wall surface, and the like, so that in some embodiments, the gradient may be preferably not more than 2%. In addition, in order to increase the flow velocity of the natural source water in the tunnel, in some embodiments, the open tunnel structure 11 may adopt a high aspect ratio structure, and the aspect ratio of the open tunnel structure 11 is controlled to be greater than or equal to 50, where the aspect ratio is the ratio of the flowing distance of the natural source water to the diameter of an equal-area circle which is converted from the effective sectional area of the natural source water. In some preferred embodiments, the open tunnel structure 11 is configured as: so that the flow speed of the natural source water flowing in the water tank is more than or equal to 0.5 m/s.
The utility model discloses the shell and tube heat exchanger 12 among the foretell surface water heat transfer device arrange in the open tunnel structure 11 to by the natural water source water submergence in the tunnel, heat transfer medium among the shell and tube heat exchanger 12 can include pure water and/or aqueous solution, and wherein the aqueous solution contains the solute of freezing point of the water of falling, and this solute can include salt, sugar, mellow wine or other similar soluble material. The heat exchange medium circulating in the tubular heat exchanger 12 circulates by means of a circulating pump, and the flowing heat exchange coefficient can be effectively improved by adopting high flow velocity, so that in some embodiments, the flow velocity of the heat exchange medium can be preferably controlled to be more than or equal to 1 m/s.
Correspondingly, the utility model discloses in the above-mentioned surface water heat transfer device tubulation 121 of tubulation heat exchanger 12 can include batch production's finned tube and/or fluorescent tube, and its material can be stainless steel, aluminum alloy, titanium alloy, engineering plastics etc.. In the present invention, the gap between the open tunnel structure 11 and the tubes 121 in the tube-in-tube heat exchanger 12 is not narrowed, and in some preferred embodiments, when the tubes are light tubes, the distance between the light tubes is not less than 30 mm; when the tube array 121 in the tube array heat exchanger 12 is a finned tube, the distance between adjacent fins of the finned tube can be more than or equal to 30mm, is far higher than the gap between heat exchange plates of a plate heat exchanger in the prior art by 0.6-0.8 mm, and is 10-20 mm from the tube bundle changing distance of a tube shell heat exchanger in the prior art. Therefore, the utility model discloses in, rivers resistance can reduce by a wide margin in the open tunnel structure 11 of submergence shell and tube heat exchanger 12, and the natural water source water that the wide clearance was allowed contains the suspended solid content limit value very high, requires to reduce to the purification of drawing natural water source water like this, and the water intaking facility can be simplified correspondingly, and the simplification of water intaking facility can reduce overall system investment about 2%, greatly reduced cost.
As shown in FIG. 1, the surface water heat exchange system of the present invention can further include, in addition to the surface water heat exchange device 1: the device comprises a natural water source extraction device 2, a natural water source return device 3, a heat exchange medium and refrigerant heat exchange device 4, a working medium and refrigerant heat exchange device 5 and a working medium output device 6. The natural water source extraction device 2 is used for extracting natural water source water from a natural water source and sending the natural water source water into the surface water heat exchange device 1; the natural water source return device 3 is communicated with the surface water heat exchange device 1 so as to send the natural water source water subjected to heat exchange back to the natural water source. In the surface water heat exchange system of the present invention, the heat exchange medium and refrigerant heat exchange device 4 is communicated with the surface water heat exchange device 1, the heat exchange medium and refrigerant heat exchange device 4 comprises a first heat exchanger (not shown in the figure), and the first heat exchanger is configured to exchange heat between the heat exchange medium and the refrigerant; the working medium and refrigerant heat exchange device 5 is communicated with the heat exchange medium and refrigerant heat exchange device 4, the working medium and refrigerant heat exchange device 5 comprises a second heat exchanger (not shown in the figure), and the second heat exchanger is arranged to enable the refrigerant and the working medium to exchange heat; the working medium output device 6 is communicated with the working medium and refrigerant heat exchange device 5 to output the heat-exchanged working medium, and the output working medium is provided for the user heat exchange device 9 to be used.
It should be noted that the utility model discloses in, contain natural water source extraction element 2 and natural water source return unit 3 in the system, this aspect constitutes the same with the open surface water heat transfer system of tradition, but the utility model discloses a surface water heat transfer device 1 of brand-new design development, creatively designed in this surface water heat transfer device 1 and added an open-type tunnel structure 11, and its natural water source water is big with heat transfer medium's in shell and tube heat exchanger 12 heat transfer method and equipment difference on basic principle.
Furthermore, the utility model discloses compare with traditional open surface water heat transfer system, it does not adopt airtight, standardization, miniaturized high-efficient indirect heating equipment, but has adopted a new surface water heat transfer device, the half compulsory heat exchange of nature water source water and heat transfer medium heat exchange in the device, be about to during tubular heat exchanger 12 direct immersion flows the nature water source, heat transfer medium adopts the high-speed flow mode of circulating pump 13 pressor in heat transfer device, and nature water source water is the non-pressure in heat transfer device, its gravity flow state that relies on the poor production of potential energy.
In addition, compare in traditional open surface water heat transfer system still adopted the mode of the wide clearance circulation of natural water source water, open-type tunnel structure 11 can supply the clearance of natural water source water circulation no longer narrow, its security and the reliability that can guarantee the system operation. Surface water heat transfer system not only can effectively simplify water intaking engineering, natural water source clean system, make the overall engineering construction investment descend, the open structure that its tunnel adopted can realize on-line desilting, wash the moss, knock out and adsorb shell class mollusk, improved the stability of system's operation.
Correspondingly, compare with traditional closed surface water heat transfer system, surface water heat transfer system adopted the mode of natural water source water separation heat transfer, and surface water heat transfer device creative design has added an open-type tunnel structure 11 in the system, it has the slope along length direction formation, slope drive natural water source water flows in open-type tunnel structure 11. Therefore, though surface water heat transfer system's natural water source water is very similar with traditional closed surface water heat transfer system on basic principle with heat transfer medium method and equipment, and both all adopt high-pressure forced circulation heat transfer medium, and natural water source water all is in unpowered natural state, and heat transfer equipment all adopts shell and tube heat exchanger submergence in natural water source aquatic, but the utility model discloses a mode of natural water source water separation heat transfer, and natural water source water can pass through the tunnel with certain velocity of flow under the effect of potential energy difference in open-type tunnel structure.
In the surface water heat exchange device of the surface water heat exchange system, the heat exchange medium in the tube heat exchanger is pressed to flow at a high speed under the action of the circulating pump 13, and the flowing heat exchange coefficient is high. The natural water source side of the tube still heat exchanger is unpowered, but the flow speed of the natural water source water flowing in certain embodiments under the action of potential energy difference can be more than or equal to 0.5 m/s. Therefore, the flowing heat exchange coefficient of the water side of the natural water source is in a higher state, and the difference of a heat exchange interface can be effectively reduced. Meanwhile, in some embodiments, when the tubes 121 of the tube-in-tube heat exchanger 12 are finned tubes, since the natural water source water flows along the direction of the tunnel, the fin-in-tube heat exchanger fins and the water flow can be realized, so that the area of the finned tube-in-tube heat exchanger 12 and the natural water source water heat exchange interface is increased, the difference between the natural water source side and the heat exchange capacity of the heat exchange medium is reduced, and the capacity of the surface water heat exchange device in the surface water heat exchange system is fully exerted.
In addition, it should be noted that, in some preferred embodiments, the length-diameter ratio of the open tunnel structure 11 may be preferably controlled to be greater than or equal to 50, and the open tunnel structure 11 of the surface water heat exchange device adopting the elongated structure has a high length-diameter ratio, which means that the tubular heat exchanger 12 can obtain a higher natural water source water flow rate at the same volume of natural water source water flow rate, thereby further improving the heat exchange coefficient.
In order to better explain the utility model discloses a surface water heat transfer device and system's application, the utility model discloses set up the implementation example of two kinds of differences respectively and carry out the analysis to further explain.
Example 1
In this embodiment, the maximum thermal load of the surface water heat exchange system in example 1 is 35MW, a centrifugal heat pump unit is adopted, the COP of the heat pump main unit is 3.6, and the maximum value of the ambient heat extraction power is 35 × [ (3.6-1)/3.6]＝25.3MW＝9.1×1010J/h。
The utility model discloses an among the surface water heat transfer system of embodiment 1, its natural water source is the seawater source, and heat transfer medium in the shell and tube heat exchanger is for containing alcohol aqueous solution, and the shell and tube heat exchanger is selected to be the fluorescent tube shell and tube heat exchanger of aluminum alloy material, and needs fluorescent tube shell and tube heat exchanger 30 in this embodiment, and 30 fluorescent tube shell and tube heat exchangers all place side by side in open-type tunnel structure.
In the present embodiment, the natural source water has a seawater salinity of 34.5 and a density of 1.02kg/m3Freezing point of-1.9 deg.C, minimum seawater temperature of 3.3 deg.C, corresponding temperature of-3.3 deg.C when seawater has maximum density, and specific heat of seawater of 3.89 kJ/(kg), 3.97 × 106J/(m3The temperature is higher than room temperature), the maximum temperature drop of the seawater heat exchange theory is 3.3- (-1.9) ═ 5.2 ℃. Accordingly, the density of the heat exchange medium alcoholic aqueous solution in this embodiment is 1kg/m3The freezing point is-10 ℃, the specific heat of the heat exchange medium is 4.18 kJ/(kg), and the temperature is 4.18 multiplied by 106J/(m3*℃)。
In the embodiment, the pipe diameter of the tubular heat exchanger of each tubular heat exchanger in the surface water heat exchange device is set to be d ═ 32 mm; the wall thickness of the tubular heat exchanger is set to be 3 mm; the heat conductivity coefficient of the heat exchanger can be set to be lambda1273W/(m × K); the size length of the tube heat exchanger is 4000mm, 1800mm and 2000 mm; the tubular heat exchanger adopts an aluminum alloy light tube which is bent for 180 degrees and repeatedly arranged, the length of a single row is 1.8m, the single row is bent for 31 times, and the total length of a single tube is 57.4 m; each of the tubular heat exchangers is provided with 70 heat exchange tubes in parallel; the total length of the tubes of the tube-in-tube heat exchanger is 4000 m; the heat exchange area of the monomer heat exchanger is 4000 multiplied by 3.14 multiplied by 0.032 which is 401.92m2(ii) a The comprehensive heat exchange coefficient of the heat exchanger is 750W/(m)2K); the total heat exchange area is S is 25.3 MW/750W/(m)2*K)/3K＝11244m2。
Correspondingly, in the embodiment, the interval of the tubular heat exchangers in the surface water heat exchange device in the tunnel is 2m, the total length of the tunnel required for placing 30 4m long tubular heat exchangers is 30 × (4+2) ═ 180m, the width of the tubular heat exchangers is 1.8m, and the width of the open tunnel structure is set to be 2m by controlling the two sides of the open tunnel structure and the single heat exchanger to keep a gap of 100 mm. The height of the tubular heat exchanger is 2m, the upper part of the open tunnel structure is an open structure, and the tubular heat exchanger is used for overcoming factors such as freezing of the tubular heat exchanger, scaling, sediment deposition, moss formed on the tubular wall, and resistance fluctuation of the shell mollusk which adsorbs growth, and the likeA certain rising space is reserved in the water level, and the height of the open type tunnel structure is designed to be 3 m. In order to ensure smooth water flow, the gradient of the tunnel is designed to be 1 percent, and the total upstream surface area of a single tube heat exchanger is 3.6m2Maximum upstream area of 1.984m2Then the minimum area of natural source water passing through the tube-in-tube heat exchanger is 1.616m2The diameter of the equivalent circle is 1.44m, the effective heat exchange length of the tunnel is 24 multiplied by 4 which is 96m, and the length-diameter ratio of the open tunnel structure is 74.
Adopt when embodiment 1's surface water heat transfer system tests, natural water source extraction element among embodiment 1 surface water heat transfer system extracts the sea water in the sea water source and sends into in the surface water heat transfer device. Seawater enters an open tunnel in the surface water heat exchange device, and flows in an open tunnel structure due to the gradient of the tunnel, the height of a conventional water level in the tunnel is 2.2m, and the total area of a water-facing surface is 4.4m2The maximum area of the upstream surface of the tube heat exchanger is 1.984m2The conventional minimum area of the seawater passing through the tunnel is 2.416m2The maximum design flow rate of seawater is 7.64 multiplied by 103m3And h, the maximum flow velocity passing through the cross section of the tunnel is 0.88m/s, the effective heat exchange residence time of the seawater in the surface water heat exchange system in the embodiment 1 is 136s in the process, and the seawater subjected to heat exchange is returned to the seawater source by the natural water source returning device after the heat exchange is finished.
In the surface water heat exchanger according to the system of the present invention, the cross-sectional area of the single tube of the tubular heat exchanger is 0.0132 × 3.14 ═ 0.00053m2The total number of the tube heat exchangers is 2100, and the total sectional area of the tube heat exchangers is as follows: 1.113m2And setting the flowing distance of the heat exchange medium in the tubes of the tube-in-tube heat exchanger to be 56m, wherein the flow speed of the heat exchange medium in the tubes is 1.8m/s, and the retention time of the heat exchange medium in the tubes in the process is 31 s.
In the process of inputting seawater into the surface water heat exchange system of the embodiment 1 of the utility model for heat exchange, the input lowest temperature of the seawater is 3.3 ℃; the lowest temperature of the heat exchange medium inlet is-2.7 ℃, which is 0.8 ℃ lower than the freezing point of seawater and 7.3 ℃ higher than the freezing point of the heat exchange medium. In the present embodiment, it is preferred that,when the seawater is subjected to heat exchange, the maximum flow of the heat exchange seawater is measured to be 7.64 multiplied by 103m3H, measuring the maximum flow of the heat exchange medium to be 7.26 multiplied by 103m3H is used as the reference value. When the heat exchange of the heat exchange medium in the tubes of the tube array heat exchanger is finished, the highest temperature of the heat exchange medium outlet is 0.3 ℃, and when the heat exchange of the seawater is finished and the seawater is conveyed back to the seawater source through the natural water source return device, the lowest temperature of the seawater outlet is 0.3 ℃ and is 2.2 ℃ higher than the freezing point.
Example 2
In this embodiment, the surface water heat exchange system of example 2 is intended to use a sewage source of a certain sewage treatment plant as a heat source for urban heating. 3 million tons of sewage are discharged and treated by the sewage treatment plant daily, the lowest discharge temperature in winter is 12 ℃, the freezing point of the sewage is 0 ℃, and the density is 1.0kg/m3Specific heat of 4.18kj/kg, 4.18X 106J/m3。
It is expected that the minimum discharge temperature of the sewage source after extracting heat energy can reach 3 ℃ and be higher than the freezing point by 3 ℃. The maximum value of the heat extraction power of the environment is [ 30000/(24X 3600)]×(12-3)×4.18×106J/m3＝1.31×107W ═ 13.1 MW. In the surface water heat exchange system of example 2, a centrifugal heat pump unit is used for heat supply, the COP of the heat pump unit is 3.6, and the maximum heat supply power is 13.1 × (3.6/(3.6-1)) -18.1 MW, that is, the maximum heat supply capacity of the system is 18.1 MW.
The utility model discloses in the surface water heat transfer system of embodiment 2, the natural water source is sewage, and heat transfer medium among the tubulation heat exchanger is for containing alcohol aqueous solution, and the selected fluorescent tube tubulation heat exchanger that is the aluminum alloy material of tubulation heat exchanger, and needs fluorescent tube tubulation heat exchanger 21 in this embodiment, and every 7 fluorescent tube tubulation heat exchangers connect in parallel and constitute a heat transfer unit, and 3 heat transfer units that finally constitute are placed in the open-type tunnel structure through the form of establishing ties.
In the present embodiment, the density of the natural water source and the sewage source is 1kg/m3Freezing point of 0 deg.C, minimum water temperature of sewage source of 12 deg.C, maximum density corresponding temperature of sewage source of 4 deg.C, specific heat of sewage source of 4.18kJ/(kg x C), 4.18 × 106J/(m3C), sewage source heat exchangeThe theoretical maximum temperature drop is 12-3 ℃ ═ 9 ℃. Accordingly, the density of the heat exchange medium alcoholic aqueous solution in this embodiment is 1kg/m3The freezing point is-10 ℃, the specific heat of the heat exchange medium is 4.18 kJ/(kg), and the temperature is 4.18 multiplied by 106J/(m3*℃)。
In the embodiment, the pipe diameter d of the tube heat exchanger of each tube heat exchanger in the surface water heat exchange device is equal to 32 mm; the wall thickness sigma of the tube-in-tube heat exchanger is 3 mm; heat conductivity coefficient lambda of heat exchanger1273W/(m × K); the size length multiplied by the width multiplied by the height of the shape of the tube heat exchanger is 4000mm multiplied by 1000mm multiplied by 1250 mm; the tubular heat exchanger adopts an aluminum alloy light tube which is bent for 180 degrees and repeatedly arranged, the length of a single row is 1m, the bending is carried out for 19 times, and the total length of a single tube is 20 m; each of the tubular heat exchangers is provided with 70 heat exchange tubes in parallel; the total length of the tubes of the tube-tube heat exchanger is 1400 m; the heat exchange area of the monomer heat exchanger is 1400 multiplied by 3.14 multiplied by 0.032-140.7 m2(ii) a The comprehensive heat exchange coefficient of the heat exchanger is 388.15W/(m)2K); the total heat exchange area is S ═ 13.1 MW/388.15W/(m)2*K)/6K＝5625m2Then the number of tube and tube heat exchangers needed is 5625/275.7-20.4.
Therefore, in the present embodiment, the light pipe tubular heat exchanger 21 is required. Correspondingly, the interval of the tubular heat exchangers in the surface water heat exchange device in the tunnel is 2m, the total length of the tunnel required for placing 21 4m long tubular heat exchangers is 21 x (4+2) ═ 126m, the width of the tubular heat exchanger is 1m, a gap of 100mm is reserved between the two sides of the open tunnel structure and the single heat exchanger, and the width of the open tunnel structure is set to be 1.2 m. The height of the tubular heat exchanger is 1.25m, the upper part of the open tunnel structure is an open structure, and in order to overcome factors such as freezing, scaling, sediment deposition, moss formed on the tube wall, resistance fluctuation of adsorbed and grown shell mollusks and the like, a certain rising space is reserved for the water level, and the height of the open tunnel structure is designed to be 2 m. In order to ensure smooth water flow, the gradient of the tunnel is designed to be 1 percent, and the total upstream surface area of a single tube heat exchanger is 1.25m2Maximum upstream area of the tube array is 0.608m2The minimum area of the sewage passing through the tube array heat exchanger is 0.642m2The diameter of the equivalent circle is 0.9m, the effective heat exchange length of the tunnel is 21 multiplied by 4 which is 84m, and the length-diameter ratio of the open tunnel structure is 93.3.
Adopt when embodiment 2's surface water heat transfer system tests, natural water source extraction element among embodiment 2 surface water heat transfer system extracts the sewage in with the sewage source and sends into in the surface water heat transfer device. Sewage enters an open tunnel in the surface water heat exchange device, and flows in the open tunnel structure due to the gradient of the tunnel, the height of the conventional water level in the tunnel is 1.5m, and the total area of the upstream surface is 1.8m2The maximum area of the upstream surface of the tube heat exchanger is 0.608m2The conventional minimum area of sewage passing through the tunnel is 1.192m2The maximum designed flow of sewage is 1.25 multiplied by 103m3The maximum flow velocity passing through the cross section of the tunnel is 0.3m/s, the shortest retention time of the sewage in the surface water heat exchange system in the embodiment 2 is 280s in the process, and the returned water after heat exchange is returned to the sewage source by the natural water source returning device after the heat exchange is finished.
It should be noted that, in the surface water heat exchange device of the system of the present invention, the tubular heat exchanger adopts seven parallel-connected sets of three series-connected sets, and the sectional area of the single tube of the tubular heat exchanger is 0.0132 × 3.14 ═ 0.00053m2The total number of the parallel tube heat exchangers is 7 multiplied by 70 to 490, and the total cross-sectional area of the tube heat exchangers is 0.2597m2And the flow distance of the three groups of heat exchange media in series in the tubes of the tubular heat exchanger is 3 multiplied by 20 which is 60m, the flow speed of the heat exchange media in the tubes is 1.34m/s, and the residence time of the heat exchange media in the tubes in the process is 45 s.
In the process that sewage is input into the surface water heat exchange system of the embodiment 2 of the utility model for heat exchange, the input minimum water temperature of the sewage is 12 ℃; the lowest temperature of the heat exchange medium inlet is-3 ℃, which is 3 ℃ lower than the freezing point of sewage and 7 ℃ higher than the freezing point of the heat exchange medium. In this embodiment, when the sewage is subjected to heat exchange, the maximum flow of the heat exchange sewage is measured to be 0.347m3Measured as the maximum flow of the heat exchange medium at 1.25X 103m3H is used as the reference value. When the heat exchange of the heat exchange medium in the tubes of the tube array heat exchanger is finished, the highest temperature of the heat exchange medium outlet is 6 ℃, and when the heat exchange of the sewage is finished and the sewage is conveyed back to the sewage source through the natural water source return device, the lowest temperature of the sewage outlet is 3 ℃ and is higher than the freezing point by 3 ℃.
In conclusion, can see, surface water heat transfer device not only can guarantee security, the reliability of natural water source system operation under the complex condition, can also realize that heat transfer interface between natural water source and the heat transfer medium is upsized, it can effectively improve the whole energy utilization efficiency of water source heat pump system, guarantees that natural water source energy furthest draws, has reduced whole investment and operation cost by a wide margin, has good popularization prospect and using value.
Correspondingly, surface water heat transfer system in adopted above-mentioned surface water heat transfer device, it also has foretell advantage and beneficial effect equally.
It should be noted that the combination of the features in the present application is not limited to the combination described in the claims of the present application or the combination described in the embodiments, and all the features described in the present application may be freely combined or combined in any manner unless contradicted by each other.
It should also be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only specific embodiments of the present invention. It is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and similar changes or modifications can be directly derived or easily suggested by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present invention, and all should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (13)
1. A surface water heat transfer device, its characterized in that, it includes:
an open tunnel structure having a slope formed along a length direction, the slope driving natural source water to flow within the open tunnel structure;
the tube array heat exchanger is arranged in the open tunnel structure, and a heat exchange medium flows in the tube array of the tube array heat exchanger;
and the circulating pump is connected with the tubular heat exchanger to drive the flow of the heat exchange medium.
2. The surface water heat exchange device of claim 1, wherein the open tunnel structure comprises a concrete open tunnel structure.
3. The surface water heat exchange device of claim 1, wherein a smoothing layer is attached to the inner wall surface of the open tunnel structure.
4. The surface water heat exchange device of claim 3, wherein the smoothing layer is provided as at least one of a layer of porcelain plate, a layer of stainless steel and a layer of paint.
5. The surface water heat exchange device of claim 1, wherein the slope is less than or equal to 2%.
6. The surface water heat exchange device of claim 1, wherein the open tunnel structure has an aspect ratio of at least 50, the aspect ratio being the ratio of the natural source water flow distance to the diameter of an equal-area circle of the natural source water effective cross-sectional area.
7. The surface water heat exchange device of claim 1, wherein the open tunnel structure is configured to: so that the flow speed of the natural source water flowing in the water tank is more than or equal to 0.5 m/s.
8. The surface water heat exchange device of claim 1, wherein the circulation pump is configured to: so that the flow speed of the heat exchange medium is more than or equal to 1 m/s.
9. The surface water heat exchange device of claim 1, wherein the tubes of the tube and tube heat exchanger comprise finned tubes and/or bare tubes.
10. The surface water heat exchange device of claim 9, wherein the spacing between adjacent light pipes is greater than or equal to 30 mm.
11. The surface water heat exchange device of claim 9, wherein the spacing between adjacent fins of the finned tube is greater than or equal to 30 mm.
12. The surface water heat exchange device of claim 1, wherein the heat exchange medium comprises pure water and/or an aqueous solution containing a solute to lower the freezing point of water.
13. A surface water heat exchange system comprising a surface water heat exchange device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 12; the surface water heat exchange system further comprises:
the natural water source extraction device extracts natural water source water in a natural water source and sends the natural water source water into the surface water heat exchange device;
the natural water source returning device is communicated with the surface water heat exchange device so as to return the natural water source water subjected to heat exchange to a natural water source;
the heat exchange medium and refrigerant heat exchange device is communicated with the surface water heat exchange device and comprises a first heat exchanger, and the first heat exchanger is arranged to enable the heat exchange medium and the refrigerant to exchange heat;
the working medium and refrigerant heat exchange device is communicated with the heat exchange medium and refrigerant heat exchange device and comprises a second heat exchanger, and the second heat exchanger is arranged to enable the refrigerant to exchange heat with the working medium;
and the working medium output device is communicated with the working medium and refrigerant heat exchange device so as to output the working medium subjected to heat exchange.
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