CN214051166U

CN214051166U - Ammonia spraying and uniformly distributing device and denitration ammonia spraying system

Info

Publication number: CN214051166U
Application number: CN202022995992.XU
Authority: CN
Inventors: 耿明山; 任乐; 金锐; 向继涛
Original assignee: MCC Capital Engineering and Research Incorporation Ltd
Current assignee: MCC Capital Engineering and Research Incorporation Ltd
Priority date: 2020-12-14
Filing date: 2020-12-14
Publication date: 2021-08-27
Anticipated expiration: 2030-12-14

Abstract

The utility model provides a spout ammonia equipartition device and denitration and spout ammonia system spouts ammonia equipartition device and spouts the ammonia unit including spouting that the ammonia is responsible for and a plurality of structures is the same and the interval equipartition, and every spouts the ammonia unit and all includes: the inlet of the ammonia spraying branch pipe is connected with the ammonia spraying main pipe; the I-shaped branch pipe is provided with a first inlet and a plurality of first outlets, the first inlet is positioned at the symmetrical center of the I-shaped branch pipe, the plurality of first outlets correspond to the end parts of the I-shaped branch pipe one by one, and the outlets of the ammonia spraying branch pipe are connected with the first inlets; the X-shaped distributors are connected with the first outlets in a one-to-one correspondence mode, each X-shaped distributor comprises a second inlet and a plurality of second outlets, the second inlets are located at the symmetrical centers of the X-shaped distributors, the second outlets are in one-to-one correspondence with the end portions of the X-shaped distributors, and the second inlets of the X-shaped distributors are communicated with the corresponding first outlets; and each second outlet is correspondingly connected with one nozzle. The utility model discloses can improve denitration efficiency.

Description

Ammonia spraying and uniformly distributing device and denitration ammonia spraying system

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a flue gas or industry tail gas denitration field, concretely relates to spout ammonia equipartition device and denitration and spout ammonia system.

Background

Nitrogen oxides (NOx) are a major class of atmospheric pollutants and are one of the major contributors to the formation of acid rain, photochemical smog, and PM2.5 pollution. A large amount of SO is generated in the process of burning coal₂And the air pollutants such as NOx are easy to cause serious air pollution and economic loss. The denitration in the prior art mainly aims at removing Nitric Oxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO)₂)。

In SO₂And NOx removal is greater than SO removal₂Therefore, the simultaneous desulfurization and denitrification techniques can be roughly classified into two types from the viewpoint of NOx. The first type is a catalytic reduction method, which mainly utilizes a catalyst, a reducing agent and the like to reduce NOx so as to realize simultaneous desulfurization and denitrification; the second type is oxidation absorption method, which mainly uses various strong oxidants and active free radicals to oxidize NO insoluble in water to generate NO₂，SO₂And NO₂Subsequent simultaneous absorption, strong oxidants include NaClO₂、ClO₂、HClO₃、KMnO₄、H₂O₂Etc., the free radicals include O₂ ^-、OH^-、O₃And the like, and the generation technologies thereof include electron beam technology, pulsed corona discharge, and radical cluster lamp. The nitrogen oxide is difficult to remove, and the nitrogen dioxide is easy to remove. Therefore, the technology for converting nitric oxide into nitrogen dioxide is more critical.

At present, the desulfurization and denitrification technologies widely used at home and abroad comprise wet limestone and gypsum Flue Gas Desulfurization (FGD) and NH₃A combination of selective catalytic reduction denitration technology (SCR) and an activated carbon adsorption catalysis method.

Wherein the SCR is widely applied to denitration of coal-fired power plants, a temperature window of 300-400 ℃ is needed, and NOx is in a catalyst and NH₃Is reduced to N₂The denitration efficiency can reach more than 90%; the activated carbon adsorption catalysis method utilizes the adsorption and catalysis effects of activated carbon, the application temperature is about 200 ℃, and the denitration efficiency is about 50-70% under the condition of ammonia spraying; in the field of low-temperature denitration, SCR needs to heat flue gas, and the technical cost of activated carbon is high.

Although the desulfurization and denitrification efficiency of the technology is high, the investment and operation cost are high, the requirements of the catalyst in the SCR denitrification process on the process conditions are strict, the special requirements including the flue gas temperature and the dust characteristics in the flue gas exist, and the catalyst is easy to be poisoned and failed, so that the operation cost of an SCR system is high.

For a selective catalytic reduction method, two performance parameters of denitration efficiency and ammonia escape rate are mainly improved by two means: 1. the catalytic reduction capability of the catalyst is improved; 2. improving the flue gas distribution and NOx/NH at the inlet of the catalyst layer₃(NOx means nitrogen oxide, NH)₃Representing ammonia) uniformity.

The catalytic reduction capability of the catalyst is improved mainly by means of improving the formula of the catalyst, increasing the dosage of the catalyst and the like; and catalyst layer inlet flue gas distribution and NOx/NH₃The uniformity of the ammonia injection grid is realized by optimizing a flue guide plate of the denitration device and adjusting the design of the ammonia injection grid, wherein the ammonia injection grid is used for treating NOx/NH in flue gas of the denitration device₃Is particularly critical.

In an SCR flue gas denitration system, the injection and mixing of a reducing agent ammonia gas are important components of the whole system. Usually, the ammonia injection and mixing adopts an ammonia injection grid or a static mixer so as to achieve the purpose of uniformly mixing the ammonia gas and the flue gas. In the design of a denitration system, the sufficient mixing of ammonia and nitrogen oxides is a key factor, and the uneven mixing can cause lower denitration rate or higher escape ammonia amount. The effect of this mixing is only a rough type of control, while the distribution of ammonia is significantly uneven and cannot be controlled locally and fine tuned.

The ammonia injection grid commonly used in the prior art is composed of a plurality of parallel ammonia injection pipes, and each ammonia injection pipe is provided with a plurality of ammonia gas nozzles. In actual industrial production, the ammonia spraying amount of different ammonia nozzles on different ammonia spraying pipes is greatly different, and the distribution of ammonia on the cross section of a flue is extremely uneven due to the influence of comprehensive factors such as on-way resistance of a pipeline and uneven distribution of flue gas flow velocity on the cross section of the flue, so that the denitration efficiency is seriously influenced, and the ammonia escape rate is increased.

The common ammonia injection device configuration type of current SCR denitrification facility is the ammonia injection grid of equipartition formula. The basic principle is that a plurality of subareas with the same size are designed and planned in the denitration inlet flue, and a plurality of groups of nozzles are uniformly distributed in the subareas. Each partition corresponds to an ammonia injection branch pipe, and a valve is arranged on the ammonia injection branch pipe and used for manual adjustment.

But along with the continuous improvement of the environmental protection requirement, the requirement of ultra-clean and even ultra-clean flue gas denitration is provided, when the requirement of the flue gas denitration device on the denitration efficiency is more than 90%, the efficiency can not be further improved by simply increasing the dosage of the catalyst, and the NOx/NH is required to be carried out₃Higher requirements for uniformity, NH₃/NO_XThe deviation of the molar ratio distribution needs to be up to + -3% or even less.

In the face of such high NH₃/NO_XThe requirement for the deviation of the molar ratio distribution, the current ammonia-injection grid pattern, begins to expose its disadvantages:

1. when the deviation of the flue gas flow field is large, the ammonia gas flow required by a plurality of local injection branch pipes is too large or too small and exceeds the adjustment range; the flow rate of the locally sprayed ammonia gas is too much or too little relative to the flow rate of the flue gas, so that the denitration efficiency is not high.

2. Ammonia is unevenly distributed on the cross section, and the dynamic adjustment of local ammonia flow cannot be realized; the ordinary stop valve that the valve of ammonia injection branch pipe adopted, the regulation performance is relatively poor, can't satisfy the regulation required precision.

3. The flow distribution of each nozzle on a single branch pipe is uneven, the air flow velocity near the inlet of the branch pipe is high, the flow is high, and the air flow velocity at the tail end of the branch pipe is low and the air flow is insufficient.

4. Flue gas and ammonia gas are not well mixed in laminar flow and turbulent flow states.

5. The spoiler is arranged, so that resistance loss of air flow is increased, the equipment is high in processing and manufacturing difficulty, high in mounting precision requirement and inconvenient to maintain and overhaul.

6. The mode of adopting the tapered branch pipe can only be suitable for gas distribution under a certain flow condition, the gas distribution under different flow conditions still has nonuniformity, the processing and manufacturing difficulty of the branch pipe is large, and the precision requirement is high.

The increase of the escape rate of ammonia not only reduces the denitration efficiency, but also causes the blockage and corrosion of the denitration device. Therefore, a new ammonia injection grid which is reasonable in design and suitable for application is urgently needed, the uniform mixing of ammonia gas and nitric oxide in a flue is ensured, the denitration efficiency is further improved, and the ammonia escape rate is reduced.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model provides an ammonia system is spouted in ammonia equipartition device and denitration of spouting to reach the purpose that improves denitration efficiency.

The utility model provides a technical scheme that its technical problem adopted is: the utility model provides a spout ammonia equipartition device, is responsible for and a plurality of structure the same and interval equipartition spout the ammonia unit including spouting the ammonia, and every spouts the ammonia unit and all includes: the inlet of the ammonia spraying branch pipe is connected with the ammonia spraying main pipe; the I-shaped branch pipe is provided with a first inlet and a plurality of first outlets, the first inlet is positioned at the symmetrical center of the I-shaped branch pipe, the plurality of first outlets correspond to the end parts of the I-shaped branch pipe one by one, and the outlets of the ammonia spraying branch pipe are connected with the first inlets; the X-shaped distributors are connected with the first outlets in a one-to-one correspondence mode, each X-shaped distributor comprises a second inlet and a plurality of second outlets, the second inlets are located at the symmetrical centers of the X-shaped distributors, the second outlets are in one-to-one correspondence with the end portions of the X-shaped distributors, and the second inlets of the X-shaped distributors are communicated with the corresponding first outlets; and each second outlet is correspondingly connected with one nozzle.

Furthermore, a first regulating valve and a flow meter are arranged on the ammonia injection branch pipe of each ammonia injection unit.

Further, the ammonia spraying main pipe comprises a first main pipe, a second main pipe and a third main pipe which are sequentially connected, wherein the inner diameter of the first main pipe is larger than that of the second main pipe, and the inner diameter of the second main pipe is larger than that of the third main pipe.

Further, the inlet end of the first main pipe is provided with a second regulating valve for controlling the opening degree of the ammonia spraying main pipe.

Further, the ammonia spraying and uniformly distributing device also comprises a control assembly which is connected with the first regulating valve and the second regulating valve.

Further, the nozzle includes: the small-diameter end of the circular truncated cone-shaped spray pipe is connected with the second outlet; the arc guide plate is fixedly connected with the large-diameter end of the circular truncated cone-shaped spray pipe through the circular seam supporting piece.

Furthermore, the nozzle also comprises a flow equalizing plate which is provided with a plurality of through holes which are uniformly distributed at intervals, and the outer wall of the flow equalizing plate is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the large-diameter end of the circular truncated cone-shaped spray pipe.

The utility model also provides an ammonia system is spouted in denitration, including foretell ammonia equipartition device that spouts, ammonia system is spouted in denitration still includes: the ammonia spraying and uniformly distributing device is fixed in the flue gas pipeline and is vertical to the flow direction of the flue gas, and the spraying direction of a nozzle of the ammonia spraying and uniformly distributing device is opposite to the flow direction of the flue gas; the denitration reactor is arranged in the flue gas pipeline and is positioned at the downstream position of the ammonia spraying uniform distribution device; the flame burner is arranged in the flue gas pipeline and positioned between the ammonia spraying and uniformly distributing device and the denitration reactor; and the measurement and analysis assembly is arranged in the flue gas pipeline and is used for measuring and analyzing the gas components and the speed in the flue gas pipeline.

Furthermore, the flue gas pipeline comprises a flue gas inlet pipe and a flue gas outlet pipe which are arranged in parallel at intervals, the outlet of the flue gas inlet pipe is connected with the inlet of the flue gas outlet pipe through a connecting pipeline, the ammonia spraying and uniformly distributing device is arranged in the flue gas inlet pipe, and the denitration reactor is arranged in the flue gas outlet pipe; the denitration ammonia injection system also comprises a heat exchanger which is respectively connected with the flue gas inlet pipe and the flue gas outlet pipe.

Further, the measurement analysis component includes: the speed measuring instrument and the flue gas analyzer are arranged in the flue gas inlet pipe and are positioned between the heat exchanger and the ammonia spraying uniform distribution device; and the ammonia gas analyzer is arranged in the flue gas outlet pipe and is positioned between the denitration reactor and the heat exchanger.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are that, adopt the mode of arranging and the X shape distributor of I-shaped branch pipe, can realize that each nozzle spouts the evenly distributed of ammonia volume in every independent subregion, realize the speed, the pressure evenly distributed of each nozzle ammonia, realize the homogeneous mixing of flue gas and ammonia, eliminate the too big phenomenon that causes the ammonia escape of local ammonia concentration.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which form a part of the present application, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a first embodiment of the ammonia injection equispaced device of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a second embodiment of the ammonia injection equispaced device of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a third embodiment of the ammonia injection equispaced device of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of an X-shaped distributor and a nozzle in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a nozzle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a side view of FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an ammonia injection system for denitration according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a speed meter;

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a flue gas analyzer;

fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of an ammonia gas analyzer.

Reference numbers in the figures: 10. an ammonia spraying main pipe; 101. a first main tube; 102. a second main pipe; 103. a third main pipe; 11. an ammonia injection branch pipe; 12. an I-shaped branch pipe; 121. a first-stage I-shaped branch pipe; 122. a second-stage I-shaped branch pipe; 13. an X-shaped distributor; 14. a nozzle; 141. a truncated cone-shaped nozzle; 142. an arc-shaped guide plate; 143. a circumferential seam support; 144. a flow equalizing plate; 15. a first regulating valve; 16. a flow meter; 17. a second regulating valve; 20. a flue gas duct; 21. a flue gas inlet pipe; 22. a flue gas outlet pipe; 23. connecting a pipeline; 24. a spoiler; 25. a baffle; 26. a rectifying grid; 30. a denitration reactor; 40. a heat exchanger; 50. a flame burner; 61. a speed measuring instrument; 62. a flue gas analyzer; 63. an ammonia gas analyzer.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments.

As shown in figures 1 to 7, the embodiment of the utility model provides an ammonia spraying uniform distribution device, including the ammonia spraying main pipe 10 and the ammonia spraying units that a plurality of structures are the same and the interval equipartition, every ammonia spraying unit all includes ammonia spraying branch pipe 11, I-shaped branch pipe 12, a plurality of X-shaped distributors 13 and a plurality of nozzles 14. The inlet of the ammonia injection branch pipe 11 is connected with the ammonia injection main pipe 10. The I-shaped branch pipe 12 is provided with a first inlet and a plurality of first outlets, the first inlet is positioned at the symmetrical center of the I-shaped branch pipe 12, the plurality of first outlets are in one-to-one correspondence with the end part of the I-shaped branch pipe 12, and the outlets of the ammonia spraying branch pipes 11 are connected with the first inlets. The X-shaped distributors 13 are connected with the first outlets in a one-to-one correspondence mode, each X-shaped distributor 13 comprises a second inlet and a plurality of second outlets, the second inlets are located at the symmetrical centers of the X-shaped distributors 13, the second outlets are in one-to-one correspondence with the end portions of the X-shaped distributors 13, and the second inlets of the X-shaped distributors 13 are communicated with the corresponding first outlets. Each second outlet is correspondingly connected with a nozzle 14.

By adopting the arrangement mode of the I-shaped branch pipes 12 and the X-shaped distributor 13, the ammonia spraying amount of each nozzle 14 in each independent subarea can be uniformly distributed, the ammonia gas speed and pressure of each nozzle 14 can be uniformly distributed, the flue gas and the ammonia gas can be uniformly mixed, and the phenomenon of ammonia escape caused by overlarge local ammonia gas concentration can be eliminated.

As shown in fig. 1, the ammonia injection main pipe 10 includes a first main pipe 101, a second main pipe 102, and a third main pipe 103 connected in this order, wherein the first main pipe 101 has an inner diameter larger than that of the second main pipe 102, and the second main pipe 102 has an inner diameter larger than that of the third main pipe 103. The section 10 of the ammonia spraying main pipe is connected by adopting a plurality of sections of pipelines with different pipe diameters so as to realize the uniform and stable flow rate of ammonia gas.

Preferably, the inlet end of the first main pipe 101 is provided with a second regulating valve 17 for controlling the opening degree of the ammonia spraying main pipe 10. The ammonia injection branch pipe 11 of each ammonia injection unit is provided with a first regulating valve 15 and a flow meter 16. Every spouts and all is provided with first governing valve 15 and flowmeter 16 on the ammonia branch pipe 11, can adjust and control every subregion respectively through first governing valve 15 and flowmeter 16 and spout the ammonia volume for it is adjustable to spout the ammonia volume subregion on the flue cross-section, optimizes ammonia and nitrogen oxide's in the air homogeneous mixing effect, has improved denitration efficiency, and has effectively reduced the ammonia escape rate.

It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the ammonia spraying main pipe 10 is disposed outside the whole device, at least two ammonia spraying main pipes 10 are disposed, and the two ammonia spraying main pipes 10 are designed in a symmetrical structure.

Further, the ammonia spraying and uniformly distributing device also comprises a control assembly which is connected with the first regulating valve 15 and the second regulating valve 17. The embodiment of the utility model provides an in first governing valve 15 and second governing valve 17 are aperture governing valve, including executor and electromagnetic flow control valve body, the execution is used for receiving the aperture signal from the control assembly and adjusts the aperture of electromagnetic flow control valve body, realizes spouting the automatically regulated of ammonia volume.

As shown in fig. 5 to 7, the nozzle 14 includes a truncated cone-shaped nozzle 141, an arc-shaped flow guide plate 142, a circumferential seam support 143, and a flow equalizing plate 144. The circular truncated cone-shaped nozzle 141 has a large-diameter end and a small-diameter end. The small diameter end of the first outlet is connected with the second outlet. The arc-shaped guide plate 142 is fixedly connected with the large-diameter end of the circular truncated cone-shaped spray pipe 141 through the circular seam supporting piece 143. The flow equalizing plate 144 has a plurality of through holes uniformly distributed at intervals, and the outer wall of the flow equalizing plate 144 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the large-diameter end of the circular truncated cone-shaped spray pipe 141. The flow equalization plate 144 may be a porous honeycomb structure to achieve uniform distribution of the air flow. It should be noted that the arrow direction in the figure is the smoke flowing direction.

As shown in fig. 6, a plurality of circular seam supports 143 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the circular truncated cone-shaped nozzle 141, the circular seam supports 143 are located in the circular truncated cone-shaped nozzle 141, and the circular seam supports 143 are located between the arc-shaped flow guide plate 142 and the flow equalizing plate 144. The circular seam support 143 comprises a top edge, a bottom edge and an inner side edge, the top edge is connected with the arc-shaped flow guide plate 142, the bottom edge is connected with the large-diameter end of the circular truncated cone-shaped spray pipe 141, the inner side edge is parallel to the central line of the circular truncated cone-shaped spray pipe 141, the distance from the side edge to the central line of the circular truncated cone-shaped spray pipe 141 is smaller than the radius of the flow balance plate 144, the flow balance plate 144 is fixed by the circular seam support 143, and meanwhile, the circular seam support 143 and the arc-shaped flow guide plate 142 can be separated from and assembled with the circular truncated cone-shaped spray pipe 141, so that the installation and replacement of the flow balance plate 144 are facilitated.

As shown in fig. 2, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, in the second embodiment, a plurality of independently controlled partitions are set in the flue, each partition has a plurality of ammonia spraying units with the same structure and evenly distributed at intervals, wherein, the ammonia spraying branch pipes 11 of some partitions are connected with the i-shaped branch pipes 12 in a T-shaped connection manner, and the other partitions are connected with the i-shaped branch pipes 12 in a Z-shaped connection manner; one end of the ammonia spraying branch pipe 11 is connected with the central position of the length direction of the middle pipe section of the I-shaped branch pipe 12. The outlet end of the I-shaped branch pipe 12 is connected with the central inlet end of an X-shaped distributor 13, 4 nozzles 14 are arranged at the four tail ends of the X-shaped distributor 13, and the spraying direction of the nozzles 14 is opposite to the flowing direction of the flue gas.

As shown in fig. 3, in the third embodiment, a plurality of independently controlled partitions are set in the flue, each partition has a plurality of ammonia injection units with the same structure and uniformly distributed at intervals, wherein, the ammonia injection branch pipes 11 of some partitions are connected with the first-level i-shaped branch pipe 121 by adopting a T-shaped connection mode, and other partitions are connected with the first-level i-shaped branch pipe 121 by adopting a Z-shaped ammonia injection branch pipe 11; four outlet ends of the first-stage I-shaped branch pipe 121 are connected with the center position of the middle pipe section of the second-stage I-shaped branch pipe 122 in the length direction. Four outlet ends of the second-stage I-shaped branch pipe 122 are connected with the central inlet end of the X-shaped distributor 13, 4 nozzles 14 are arranged at the four tail ends of the X-shaped distributor 13, and the spraying directions of the nozzles 14 are opposite to the flowing direction of the flue gas.

As shown in fig. 8 to fig. 11, the embodiment of the utility model provides a denitration ammonia injection system is still provided, including foretell ammonia injection uniform distribution device, denitration ammonia injection system still includes flue gas pipeline 20, denitration reactor 30, flame burner 50 and measurement analysis subassembly. The ammonia spraying and uniformly distributing device is fixed in the flue gas pipeline 20 and is vertical to the flow direction of the flue gas, and the spraying direction of the nozzles of the ammonia spraying and uniformly distributing device is opposite to the flow direction of the flue gas. The denitration reactor 30 is arranged in the flue gas pipeline 20 and is positioned at the downstream position of the ammonia spraying uniform distribution device. The flame burner 50 is arranged in the flue gas pipeline 20 and is positioned between the ammonia injection uniform distribution device and the denitration reactor 30; the measurement and analysis assembly is disposed within the flue gas duct 20 and is used to measure and analyze the gas composition and velocity in the flue gas duct 20.

Specifically, the flue gas duct 20 comprises a flue gas inlet pipe 21 and a flue gas outlet pipe 22 which are arranged in parallel at intervals, an outlet of the flue gas inlet pipe 21 is connected with an inlet of the flue gas outlet pipe 22 through a connecting pipeline 23, the ammonia spraying and uniformly distributing device is arranged in the flue gas inlet pipe 21, and the denitration reactor 30 is arranged in the flue gas outlet pipe 22; the denitration ammonia injection system further comprises a heat exchanger 40 which is respectively connected with the flue gas inlet pipe 21 and the flue gas outlet pipe 22.

The original flue gas (unpurified) enters the embodiment from a flue gas inlet pipe 21, firstly, the flue gas is preheated and heated by a heat exchanger 40, the heated flue gas flows through a measurement and analysis assembly, then passes through an ammonia spraying and uniform distribution device, the ammonia spraying operation is carried out by the ammonia spraying and uniform distribution device, the sprayed ammonia gas is mixed with the flue gas, the flue gas continuously rises, the flue gas is mixed in a streaming way by a spoiler 24 to promote the further mixing of the ammonia gas and the flue gas, the high-efficiency combustion of combustible gas and combustion-supporting air is carried out in a flame burner 50, the temperature of the mixed gas of the flue gas and the ammonia gas is further improved, the flue gas is guided by a connecting pipeline 23 and a guide plate 25 arranged in the connecting pipeline, the further mixing of the flue gas and the ammonia gas is realized, the energy is simultaneously mixed, the uniformity of the temperature of the flue gas and the rectification effect of the mixed gas of the flue gas and the ammonia gas through a rectification grid 26 is realized, and the mixed gas of the flue gas and the ammonia gas can be uniform, Inside the vertical catalyst converter that gets into SCR denitration reactor 30 (this embodiment is SCR denitration reactor), realize nitrogen oxide and ammonia high-efficient quick even reaction under the catalyst catalytic effect in the flue gas, flue gas mixture after the catalyst flows through the measurement and analysis subassembly after, the ammonia content in the measurement and analysis subassembly detection gas mixture, control ammonia concentration is less than the setting value, if ammonia content exceeds the setting value, feed back to control system, reset the ammonia injection volume that spouts ammonia equipartition device, adjust the ammonia injection volume of first governing valve 15 and second governing valve 17 through the controller simultaneously, it satisfies the setting value to continuously monitor SCR denitration reactor 30 low reaches surplus ammonia content, the gas mixture flows through flue gas outlet pipe 22 and gets into the low reaches dust remover after getting into heat exchanger 40.

It should be noted that, in this embodiment, at least two flame burners 50 are disposed at the downstream of the ammonia injection uniform distribution device, and the flame burners 50 are used to burn combustible gas and combustion-supporting gas, so as to realize temperature rise of flue gas and ammonia gas, meet the requirement of flue gas temperature required by SCR reaction, and realize the expected denitration reaction.

Specifically, the measurement and analysis component includes: a speed meter 61, a flue gas analyzer 62, and an ammonia gas analyzer 63. The speed measuring instrument 61 and the flue gas analyzer 62 are arranged in the flue gas inlet pipe 21 and are positioned between the heat exchanger 40 and the ammonia spraying and uniformly distributing device; the ammonia gas analyzer 63 is disposed in the flue gas outlet pipe 22 between the denitration reactor 30 and the heat exchanger 40.

As shown in fig. 9, the speed measuring instrument 61 is distributed on the flue section as a plurality of independent distribution areas, a plurality of groups of relatively independent tube bundles are arranged in the distribution areas, each tube bundle can be provided with different numbers of sampling tubes, the top end of each sampling tube is provided with a speed detecting element, the position of the speed detecting element and the center of the X-shaped distributor 13 in the ammonia spraying distribution device are on the same axis, the sampling tube bundles are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the flue section, and the flue gas flow rate of each flue gas speed measuring point represents the flue gas speed distribution at different positions.

Combining the concentration of nitrogen oxides at each measuring point of the smoke components and the flow rate of the smoke, calculating the removal load of the nitrogen oxides in each X-shaped distributor 13 area according to the area covered by each X-shaped distributor 13, calculating the ammonia injection amount required in each X-shaped distributor 13 area, calculating the total ammonia injection amount in the distribution area according to the number of the X-shaped distributors 13 in each distribution area, wherein the calculated ammonia injection amount is the ammonia injection amount required to be set by the ammonia injection branch pipe 11 in the area, adjusting the opening adjusting valve by using the controller to realize the accurate setting and control of the ammonia injection amount, simultaneously monitoring the actual ammonia injection amount of the ammonia injection branch pipe 11 in the area by using the flow meter 16, if the deviation between the monitored ammonia injection amount and the set value is smaller than the allowable deviation range, keeping the opening adjusting valve to set, stabilizing the ammonia injection amount, and if the deviation between the monitored ammonia injection amount and the set value is larger than the allowable deviation range, continuing to adjust the opening adjusting valve, until the deviation between the monitored ammonia injection amount and the set value is less than the allowable deviation range.

As shown in fig. 10, the flue gas analyzer 62 is distributed on the flue cross section as a plurality of independent distribution areas, a plurality of groups of relatively independent sampling tube bundles are arranged in the distribution areas, each sampling tube bundle can be provided with different numbers of sampling tubes, the top end of each sampling tube is provided with a flue gas component sampler, the positions of the flue gas samplers and the centers of the X-shaped distributors 13 in the ammonia spraying and distributing device are on the same axis, the sampling tube bundles are symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the flue cross section, and the flue gas components measured by each flue gas component sampling point represent the concentration distribution of nitrogen oxides in the flue gas at different positions.

As shown in fig. 11, the ammonia analyzer 63 is distributed on the flue section as a plurality of independent distribution areas, a plurality of groups of relatively independent sampling tube bundles are arranged in the distribution areas, each sampling tube bundle can be provided with sampling tubes of different numbers, the top end of each sampling tube is provided with an ammonia component sampler, the sampling tube bundles are symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the flue section, and the ammonia component measured by each ammonia component sampling point represents the concentration distribution of ammonia in the flue gas at different positions. In this embodiment, the ammonia gas analyzer 63 is provided with a plurality of ammonia gas sampling and measuring points, and the ammonia gas sampling and measuring points are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the positions of the X-shaped distributors 13 in the ammonia spraying and uniform distribution device.

The distribution mode of the ammonia gas concentration distribution area is consistent with the distribution position of the flue gas analyzer and the distribution mode of the ammonia spraying and uniformly distributing device, the one-to-one correspondence relationship between the distribution area of the ammonia gas analyzer and each area of the ammonia spraying and uniformly distributing device is determined by combining the analysis result of finite element fluid simulation software, whether the ammonia spraying amount in the corresponding distribution area in the corresponding ammonia spraying and uniformly distributing device is proper or not is evaluated by using the ammonia gas concentration measured in each area, if the ammonia gas concentration of a monitored certain subarea exceeds an allowable value, the ammonia spraying amount in the corresponding ammonia spraying distribution area is indicated to be too large, the corresponding calculation model reduces the ammonia spraying amount, and the ammonia spraying amount is adjusted by automatically adjusting an opening adjusting valve until the monitored ammonia gas concentration value reaches the allowable emission requirement; if the ammonia concentration in a certain distribution area is too low, the ammonia spraying amount in the ammonia spraying distribution area corresponding to the certain distribution area is insufficient, the corresponding calculation model is increased aiming at the ammonia spraying amount, the ammonia spraying amount is adjusted by automatically adjusting the opening adjusting valve until the monitored ammonia concentration value reaches the minimum ammonia excess concentration, and sufficient ammonia and nitrogen oxides are ensured to be completely reacted.

By utilizing the speed measuring instrument 61, the flue gas analyzer 62 and the ammonia gas analyzer 63, the automatic setting, automatic adjustment and automatic detection of the ammonia spraying amount in each area are realized, the dynamic control of the ammonia spraying amount is realized, the requirement of adjusting the ammonia spraying amount in real time under different flue gas working conditions is met, the residual ammonia amount in the flue gas is monitored, and the excessive ammonia escape amount in the discharged flue gas is avoided.

From the above description, it can be seen that the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention achieve the following technical effects:

1. divide into a plurality of regions that the area is the same with the flue cross-section, every region all is provided with spouts ammonia branch pipe, I-shaped branch pipe, X shape distributor and nozzle, is provided with adjusting valve and flowmeter on every spouts ammonia branch pipe, can adjust and control the ammonia injection volume of every subregion respectively through adjusting valve and flowmeter for it is adjustable to spout ammonia volume subregion on the flue cross-section, optimizes ammonia and the homogeneous mixing effect of nitrogen oxide in the air, has improved denitration efficiency, and has effectively reduced the ammonia escape rate.

2. The connection mode of the I-shaped branch pipes, the X-shaped distributors and the nozzles is adopted in each subarea, so that the on-way resistance loss of all the nozzles is equal, the flow and the pressure of each nozzle in each subarea are equal, the difference among the nozzles is eliminated, the ammonia spraying amount in the subareas is uniformly distributed, and the large flow nonuniformity among the traditional ammonia spraying grid nozzles is eliminated.

3. The X-shaped distributor is arranged, and the nozzles are arranged at the tail ends of the X-shaped distributor, so that the equal nozzle spacing can be realized in the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction of all the nozzles in each subarea, the uniform distribution of the nozzles is realized, the equal coverage area of each nozzle is realized, and the uniform distribution of the ammonia amount sprayed by each nozzle in the space is realized.

4. The distribution of the flue gas in the flue is not uniform, the flue gas flow in a local area is large, the load capacity of the nitrogen oxides can be calculated according to the flow of the flue gas by aiming at an ammonia spraying subarea corresponding to the area with large local flue gas flow, the required ammonia spraying capacity can be calculated according to the load capacity of the nitrogen oxides in the subarea, the ammonia spraying capacity of the subarea can be adjusted and monitored according to the required ammonia spraying capacity, the appropriate ammonia spraying capacity of the subarea can be realized, the ideal removal of the nitrogen oxides can be realized, the surplus of the ammonia spraying capacity can be avoided, and the ammonia escape can be eliminated.

5. Reform transform on original deNOx systems basis, save the investment, when reduce cost, guarantee higher denitration efficiency.

6. Ammonia equipartition device is spouted in denitration simple structure, it is convenient to adjust, and the ammonia mixes more evenly with the flue gas, has improved nitrogen oxide's desorption efficiency.

7. The processing, the manufacturing and the installation are simple and convenient, and the implementation is easy.

The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention can not be limited by the embodiments, so that the replacement of the equivalent components or the equivalent changes and modifications made according to the protection scope of the present invention should still belong to the scope covered by the present patent. In addition, the utility model provides an between technical feature and the technical feature, between technical feature and the technical scheme, all can the independent assortment use between technical scheme and the technical scheme.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a spout ammonia equipartition device, its characterized in that spouts the ammonia unit including spouting that ammonia is responsible for (10) and a plurality of structure is the same and interval equipartition, every spout the ammonia unit and all include:

the inlet of the ammonia spraying branch pipe (11) is connected with the ammonia spraying main pipe (10);

the ammonia spraying device comprises an I-shaped branch pipe (12) and a plurality of ammonia spraying branch pipes (11), wherein the I-shaped branch pipe (12) is provided with a first inlet and a plurality of first outlets, the first inlet is positioned at the symmetrical center of the I-shaped branch pipe (12), the first outlets correspond to the end parts of the I-shaped branch pipe (12) one by one, and the outlets of the ammonia spraying branch pipes (11) are connected with the first inlets;

a plurality of X-shaped distributors (13) connected with the first outlets in a one-to-one correspondence manner, wherein each X-shaped distributor (13) comprises a second inlet and a plurality of second outlets, the second inlet is positioned at the symmetrical center of the X-shaped distributor (13), the second outlets are in one-to-one correspondence with the end parts of the X-shaped distributor (13), and the second inlet of each X-shaped distributor (13) is communicated with the corresponding first outlet;

and each second outlet is correspondingly connected with one nozzle (14).

2. An ammonia injection equipartition device according to claim 1, characterized in that the ammonia injection branch pipes (11) of each ammonia injection unit are provided with a first regulating valve (15) and a flow meter (16).

3. The ammonia injection equipartition device according to claim 2, characterized in that the ammonia injection main pipe (10) comprises a first main pipe (101), a second main pipe (102) and a third main pipe (103) connected in sequence, the inner diameter of the first main pipe (101) is larger than the inner diameter of the second main pipe (102), and the inner diameter of the second main pipe (102) is larger than the inner diameter of the third main pipe (103).

4. An ammonia injection equipartition device according to claim 3, characterised in that the inlet end of the first main pipe (101) is provided with a second regulating valve (17) for controlling the opening of the ammonia injection main pipe (10).

5. The ammonia injection and uniform distribution device according to claim 4, characterized in that the ammonia injection and uniform distribution device further comprises a control component connected with the first regulating valve (15) and the second regulating valve (17).

6. An ammonia injection sparger as set forth in claim 1, wherein the nozzle (14) comprises:

a circular truncated cone-shaped nozzle (141) having a small diameter end connected to the second outlet;

the arc-shaped guide plate (142) is fixedly connected with the large-diameter end of the circular truncated cone-shaped spray pipe (141) through the circular seam supporting piece (143).

7. The ammonia spraying and evenly distributing device of claim 6, wherein the nozzle (14) further comprises a flow equalizing plate (144) which is provided with a plurality of through holes which are evenly distributed at intervals, and the outer wall of the flow equalizing plate (144) is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the large-diameter end of the circular truncated cone-shaped spray pipe (141).

8. A denitration ammonia injection system comprising the ammonia injection equipartition device of any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the denitration ammonia injection system further comprises:

the ammonia spraying uniform distribution device is fixed in the flue gas pipeline (20) and is vertical to the flow direction of flue gas, and the spraying direction of a nozzle of the ammonia spraying uniform distribution device is opposite to the flow direction of the flue gas;

the denitration reactor (30) is arranged in the flue gas pipeline (20) and is positioned at the downstream position of the ammonia spraying uniform distribution device;

the flame burner (50) is arranged in the flue gas pipeline (20) and is positioned between the ammonia spraying and uniformly distributing device and the denitration reactor (30);

and the measurement and analysis assembly is arranged in the flue gas pipeline (20) and is used for measuring and analyzing the gas components and the speed in the flue gas pipeline (20).

9. The denitration ammonia injection system of claim 8,

the flue gas pipeline (20) comprises a flue gas inlet pipe (21) and a flue gas outlet pipe (22) which are arranged in parallel at intervals, the outlet of the flue gas inlet pipe (21) is connected with the inlet of the flue gas outlet pipe (22) through a connecting pipeline (23), the ammonia spraying and uniform distribution device is arranged in the flue gas inlet pipe (21), and the denitration reactor (30) is arranged in the flue gas outlet pipe (22);

the denitration ammonia injection system further comprises a heat exchanger (40) which is respectively connected with the flue gas inlet pipe (21) and the flue gas outlet pipe (22).

10. The denitration ammonia injection system of claim 9, wherein the measurement and analysis component comprises:

the speed measuring instrument (61) and the flue gas analyzer (62) are arranged in the flue gas inlet pipe (21) and are positioned between the heat exchanger (40) and the ammonia spraying uniform distribution device;

and the ammonia gas analyzer (63) is arranged in the flue gas outlet pipe (22) and is positioned between the denitration reactor (30) and the heat exchanger (40).