CN214041232U - Double-range live stumpage trunk water content measuring instrument - Google Patents
Double-range live stumpage trunk water content measuring instrument Download PDFInfo
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- CN214041232U CN214041232U CN202022642335.7U CN202022642335U CN214041232U CN 214041232 U CN214041232 U CN 214041232U CN 202022642335 U CN202022642335 U CN 202022642335U CN 214041232 U CN214041232 U CN 214041232U
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Abstract
The invention relates to a double-range live stumpage trunk water content measuring instrument which is composed of a detection probe, a core circuit, an LCD display screen, a key module, a PT100 temperature sensor, a power supply, a charging protection module, a voltage stabilizing module and a microcontroller minimum system. The method is characterized in that: the detection probe is connected with a core circuit, and the PT100 temperature sensor is connected with a microcontroller to form a detection front end part; the LCD display screen and the key module form a data real-time display part; the microcontroller minimum system is the data collection, conversion and processing section. The power supply, the charging protection module and the voltage stabilizing module form a power supply part. The detection front end part, the data real-time display part, the data collection, conversion and processing part and the power supply part form a complete double-range live stumpage trunk water content measuring instrument. The double-range live stumpage trunk water content measuring instrument disclosed by the invention is rapid in reaction, small in error and high in precision, and can be used for rapidly and accurately measuring the water content of the live stumpage trunk.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a forestry investigation field, concretely relates to double-range standing tree trunk moisture content measuring apparatu alive.
Background
The moisture content of the wood is an important characterization index of the growth characteristics of the trees. The water is an important component of the standing tree, is an important factor influencing the growth and development of the standing tree, accurately measures the water in the trunk of the standing tree, is favorable for accurately regulating and controlling the subsequent growth quality of the standing tree, and improves the quality of later-stage wood exploitation and utilization. In the forestry investigation field, the equipment of measuring timber moisture content is mostly used for the measurement of indoor timber test piece, and the standing tree trunk moisture content measuring apparatu that can be used for field survey is less.
Foreign scholars measure the moisture content of the trunks of the standing trees by a time domain reflection method, but the method is not mature enough at home and has no clear experimental calibration formula. The probe of the device is long, the damage to the standing tree is large, the later-stage continuous growth of the tree is not facilitated, the quality of the tree is influenced, and the processing and the utilization of the wood in the future are adversely affected. In addition, the equipment is heavy, mostly dependent on imports, and therefore expensive. The resistance method is most widely applied at home, the moisture content of the trunks of the live stumpage trees measured by the traditional resistance method can only be accurately up to the fiber saturation point or below, the moisture content is about 30%, but the smaller the moisture content of the trunks of the live stumpage trees is, the larger the resistance value is, and when the resistance value reaches the megaohm level, the detection precision of the traditional resistance method is greatly reduced.
The utility model discloses mainly solve the inconvenient problem of field survey and the problem that traditional resistance method detection precision is not high, combine the advantage of traditional resistance method and dual-range measurement method, develop a low-cost instrument that can measure standing tree trunk moisture content fast, accurately and high-efficiently.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the problem that above-mentioned prior art exists, the utility model provides a double-range standing tree trunk moisture content measuring apparatu alive. The measuring instrument overcomes some defects of a traditional resistance method live stumpage trunk water content measuring instrument, meets the requirement of field environment measurement, particularly greatly improves the measuring precision under the condition that the water content of the live stumpage trunk is less, and is a high-precision measuring instrument capable of measuring the range of low water content. The device has two measuring ranges, the first measuring range is that the trunk resistance of the tested living standing tree is at 1M omega or below, and the second measuring range is that the trunk resistance of the tested standing tree is at 1M omega or above. The equipment is simple, convenient and light, well adapts to the severe outdoor environment, is easy for field operation, and reduces the operation burden of workers. And the inaccurate problem of instrument measurement high resistance, low moisture content standing tree trunk moisture content has greatly been improved to settlement of second range. LCD display screen on the measuring apparatu can show to measure and keep off position, temperature and true moisture content, the measuring apparatu can comparatively accurately measure the moisture content of fibre saturation point and below the standing tree trunk of living. The tree species suitable for the measuring instrument of the utility model are spruce, white birch, Korean pine, fir, ash bark, linden and the like.
The utility model provides a double-range standing tree trunk moisture content measuring apparatu that lives mainly includes parts such as test probe, power, button module, LCD display screen, voltage stabilizing module, charge protection module, PT100 temperature sensor, multivibrator circuit, one way analog switch circuit and microcontroller minimum system, as shown in FIG. 1.
Referring to fig. 3, the detection probe replaces the variable resistor R2 of the core circuit, and the end of the variable resistor R2 is connected to the input end of the core circuit by a lead and is fixed at the upper end of the measuring instrument; the core circuit draws a PCB (printed Circuit Board) by an aluminum Designer, is processed by a factory and is manually welded, and is fixed below a minimum system circuit board of the microcontroller; the output port of the multivibrator circuit chip is connected with a digital-analog acquisition channel of the microcontroller; pin 4 of the SN74LVC1G66DBVR single-path analog switch circuit is connected with pin 4 of a control port of the microcontroller; the peripheral modules such as the key module, the LCD display screen and the like are respectively connected with pins 1 and 2 of a control port of the microcontroller through circuits and are fixed above a minimum system circuit board of the microcontroller; the PT100 temperature sensor is directly connected with a pin 3 of a control port of the microcontroller, is fixed above a minimum system circuit board of the microcontroller and does not exceed the contour line of the circuit board; the power supply, the charging protection module and the voltage stabilizing module are sequentially connected through a circuit and are fixed above the minimum system circuit board of the microcontroller, and the tail end of the charging protection module is connected to the minimum system of the microcontroller.
The number of the detection probes is two, the detection probes are transversely arranged in parallel, the detection probes are made of 316 stainless steel, and the specific sizes of the detection probes are as follows: 45mm long, 2.5mm diameter, 15mm apart as shown in figure 2.
The power is 18650 cylinder boost lithium cell 5V 3200mAh, the charger output voltage that the power was equipped with is 5V, and the electric current is 500mA, and the charging wire is Micro USB data line.
The key module is an independent touch key module, and 5V/3.3V compatibility is achieved.
The LCD screen is a 2.8-inch TFT LCD high-definition liquid crystal screen with touch and the resolution ratio of 320 multiplied by 240 (RGB).
The voltage stabilizing module is an LM2596S DC-DC adjustable voltage-reducing and voltage-stabilizing power supply module, and 5V is converted into 3.3V.
The charging protection module is a 2A 5V charging and discharging integrated module and has a lithium battery protection function.
The PT100 temperature sensor is an WZP-PT100 probe type temperature sensor, and is corrosion-resistant, waterproof and high-temperature-resistant.
The multivibrator circuit is a 555 timing circuit, is in an unstable state mode, and is an NE555P chip.
The one-way analog switch circuit is a circuit connected with the variable resistor R2 of the multi-resonant circuit in parallel, the analog switch chip is SN74LVC1G66DBVR,
the multivibrator circuit and the one-way analog switch circuit form a core circuit, as shown in fig. 3.
The minimum system of microcontrollers is the STM32F103VET6 minimum system, which includes the peripheral circuits necessary within the minimum system.
The operating principle of the utility model is that: the detection probe and the tested live stumpage medium form an equivalent variable resistor which is used for receiving a signal of the moisture content of the trunk of the live stumpage. The core circuit variable resistor R2 in fig. 3 is used as an input terminal of a moisture content signal of a live stumpage tree trunk, and the equivalent resistance value changes due to the change of the moisture content according to the live stumpage tree trunk medium. When the value of the variable resistor R2 reaches 1M omega, the microcontroller controls the SN74LVC1G66DBVR analog switch circuit to be switched on, and the second measurement is started to detect the moisture content of the trunk of the standing tree. The variable resistor R2 in fig. 3 is connected in parallel with R3, making the high resistance value water cut signal easier to capture in the second range. The moisture content signal enters the minimum system of the microcontroller after being processed by the core circuit, and the periodic analog signal of the detected moisture content is changed into a digital signal through an AD acquisition channel of the microcontroller, so that the microcontroller can conveniently perform subsequent processing on data. PT100 temperature sensor and moisture content signal's detection is the separation work, and temperature signal passes through PT100 temperature sensor and gathers, then sends into microcontroller through AD acquisition channel and handles, and temperature signal compensates to in the standing tree trunk resistance that influences because of the temperature through the mode of writing in the algorithm. Through the calibration of experimental data, the inversion algorithm of the moisture content of the trunks of the live stumpage trees of different tree species is written into the microcontroller, and under the guarantee of the large-sample experimental calibration, the equivalent sampling and the temperature compensation algorithm, the measurement error of the moisture content of the trunks of the live stumpage trees is reduced. Finally, processed live stumpage tree trunk water content signals, namely the real mass water content and the temperature data of the live stumpage tree trunk are displayed on the LCD display screen in real time, a user can select tree species to be detected through keys, and the selected gears are displayed on the LCD display screen.
Detection probe and core circuit gather and carry the analog signal of moisture content to microcontroller, PT temperature sensor gathers and carries temperature signal to microcontroller, microcontroller converts analog signal into the digital signal that can handle through digital-analog conversion passageway, keep off the position according to the tree species difference that awaits measuring and correspond different survey equations, microcontroller substitutes the variable that digital signal was as and selects the survey equation that keeps off the position and correspond, after the operation, the true mass moisture content of standing tree trunk, the temperature and the measurement mode of air around the standing tree trunk show through the LCD display screen. The power supply and voltage stabilizing module is responsible for supplying power to the whole circuit, the microcontroller and other component modules so as to ensure that the measuring instrument can normally work in the process
Drawings
Figure 1 is the double-range standing tree trunk moisture content measuring apparatu structure component diagram.
FIG. 2 shows the detection probe of the present invention.
In the figure, 1 is a cylindrical probe made of 316 stainless steel, 2 is a fixed shell, and 3 is a lead.
Fig. 3 is the core circuit of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a plan view showing a method of inserting the detection probe according to the present invention.
In the figure, 1 is a lead, 2 is a fixed shell, 3 is a cylindrical probe made of 316 stainless steel, and 4 is a measured standing tree.
Detailed Description
The present embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 1 and 4. The utility model relates to a double-range standing tree trunk moisture content measuring apparatu alive includes test probe, core circuit, PT100 temperature sensor, microcontroller minimum system and other peripheral modules and circuit. Firstly, according to the structural relationship of each part, a detection probe, a power supply, a key module, an LCD display screen, a voltage stabilizing module, a charging protection module, a PT100 temperature sensor, a multi-resonant circuit, a single-path analog switch circuit, a microcontroller minimum system and the like are connected, the tail end of the detection probe is connected to the input end of a core circuit through a lead, the detection probe is fixed at the upper end of a measuring instrument, and the tail end of the core circuit is connected to the microcontroller minimum system and is fixed below a microcontroller minimum system circuit board; the charging protection device comprises a power supply, a charging protection module and a voltage stabilizing module, wherein the power supply, the charging protection module and the voltage stabilizing module are sequentially connected and fixed above a minimum system circuit board of the microcontroller, and the tail end of the charging protection module is connected to the minimum system of the microcontroller; the key module, the LCD screen and the PT100 temperature sensor are connected to the minimum system of the microcontroller and fixed above a circuit board of the minimum system of the microcontroller. And secondly, insulating treatment among the structures is carried out, and the instrument parts are connected. After the hardware connection is finished and the preliminary simple detection is correct, a pre-programmed program is recorded into the microcontroller by the computer, after the recording is successful, the moisture content of the trunks of the living standing trees of different species can be measured by the measuring instrument, and the preparation work of the measuring instrument is finished at the moment.
Measurement test: the method comprises the steps of removing thick and thick dry bark on the surface of a trunk, simply cleaning the surface of the trunk, and horizontally drilling two small holes side by side in the direction perpendicular to a live tree trunk by using a manual electric drill, so that the distance between the upper hole and the lower hole of two drilled holes is 15mm, the diameter of each hole is 2.5mm, and the depth of each hole is 40 mm. After the hole is drilled, the corresponding measuring mode is selected according to different tree species, after the gear selection is completed in the measurement, the power indicator lamp of the work of the measuring instrument can be lightened, the LCD display screen can display correct reading, the probe is inserted into two holes of the drilled live stumpage tree trunk according to the mode of figure 4, and the probe is just attached to the tree hole. After the bonding is completed, the measuring instrument can display the water content information of the measured live stumpage trunk, the ambient temperature information of the trunk and the gear selected by the user. The user can record and carry out other work to the data of the moisture content of the trunk of the standing tree according to the self needs.
In view of the above, the preferred embodiments of the present invention, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments listed, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a dual-range standing tree trunk moisture content measuring apparatu that lives, this dual-range standing tree trunk moisture content measuring apparatu that lives of its characterized in that includes inner layer structure and peripheral structure two parts, and wherein inner structure includes: a core circuit and a microcontroller minimum system; the tail end of the core circuit is connected to the minimum system of the microcontroller and is fixed below a circuit board of the minimum system of the microcontroller; the peripheral structure includes: the tail end of the detection probe is connected to the input end of the core circuit through a lead, and the detection probe is fixed at the upper end of the measuring instrument; the charging protection device comprises a power supply, a charging protection module and a voltage stabilizing module, wherein the power supply, the charging protection module and the voltage stabilizing module are sequentially connected and fixed above a minimum system circuit board of the microcontroller, and the tail end of the charging protection module is connected to the minimum system of the microcontroller; the temperature control system comprises a key module, an LCD display screen and a PT100 temperature sensor, wherein the key module, the LCD display screen and the PT100 temperature sensor are connected to a microcontroller minimum system and fixed above a microcontroller minimum system circuit board.
2. The dual-range live stumpage trunk water content measuring instrument as recited in claim 1, wherein: the number of the detection probes is two, the detection probes are transversely arranged in parallel, the detection probes are made of 316 stainless steel, and the specific sizes of the detection probes are as follows: the length is 45mm, the diameter is 2.5mm, and the distance is 15 mm.
3. The dual-range live stumpage trunk water content measuring instrument as recited in claim 1, wherein: the power supply is a 18650 cylindrical boosting lithium battery 5V 3200mAh, and the output voltage is DC 5V; the output voltage of a charger equipped with the power supply is 5V, the current is 500mA, and a charging wire is a Micro USB data wire.
4. The dual-range live stumpage trunk water content measuring instrument as recited in claim 1, wherein: the key module controls a gear selection mode of the double-range standing tree trunk moisture content detector, and the LCD display screen is used for displaying a real moisture content value, an air temperature and the gear selection mode of the standing tree trunk; the key module and the LCD display screen are respectively connected with pins 1 and 2 of a control port of the microcontroller.
5. The dual-range live stumpage trunk water content measuring instrument as recited in claim 1, wherein: the PT100 temperature sensor is used for detecting the ambient air temperature of the trunk of the standing tree, is needle-shaped, has a temperature range of-50-200 ℃, and has the following dimensions: the diameter is 4mm, and the length is 30 mm; the PT100 temperature sensor is directly connected with a pin 3 of a control port of the microcontroller.
6. The dual-range live stumpage trunk water content measuring instrument as recited in claim 1, wherein: the core circuit comprises a low-range detection circuit and a high-range detection circuit; the low-range circuit adopts a multi-harmonic oscillation circuit in an unsteady state mode, and the chip is NE 555P; the output port of the multivibrator circuit chip is connected with a digital-analog acquisition channel of the microcontroller; the high-range circuit adopts a multi-harmonic oscillation circuit and a single-path analog switch circuit parallel connection circuit, and a single-path analog switch circuit chip is SN74LVC1G66 DBVR; and a pin 4 of the single-way analog switch circuit chip is connected with a pin 4 of a control port of the microcontroller.
7. The dual-range live stumpage trunk water content measuring instrument as recited in claim 1, wherein: the minimum system of microcontrollers is the STM32F103VET6 minimum system, which includes the peripheral circuits necessary within the minimum system.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202022642335.7U CN214041232U (en) | 2020-11-16 | 2020-11-16 | Double-range live stumpage trunk water content measuring instrument |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202022642335.7U CN214041232U (en) | 2020-11-16 | 2020-11-16 | Double-range live stumpage trunk water content measuring instrument |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN214041232U true CN214041232U (en) | 2021-08-24 |
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| CN202022642335.7U Active CN214041232U (en) | 2020-11-16 | 2020-11-16 | Double-range live stumpage trunk water content measuring instrument |
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