CN214010943U - Multidirectional rock reciprocating shear test system - Google Patents
Multidirectional rock reciprocating shear test system Download PDFInfo
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- CN214010943U CN214010943U CN202022217110.7U CN202022217110U CN214010943U CN 214010943 U CN214010943 U CN 214010943U CN 202022217110 U CN202022217110 U CN 202022217110U CN 214010943 U CN214010943 U CN 214010943U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a multi-direction reciprocal shear test system of rock. The device comprises an outer counterforce frame, an inner counterforce frame and a counterforce frame base; the outer reaction frame is of a square structure with an opening at one end, and an x-direction through hole is formed in the outer reaction frame; the inner counter-force frame is of a square structure, and a y-direction through hole is formed in the inner counter-force frame; the reaction frame base is of a concave structure; the opening of the outer reaction frame is downwards fixed above the reaction frame base and is fixedly connected with the two sides of the reaction frame base; the inner counterforce frame is connected with the upper end surface of the counterforce frame base in a sliding way through an x-direction sliding rail; the inner reaction frame slides into the outer reaction frame through the x-direction through hole and is matched with the outer reaction frame. The utility model has the advantages of can realize one-dimensional direction shearing and the reciprocal shearing of circulation.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a rock shear test technical field, the more specifically it is a multi-direction rock shear test system that reciprocates that says so.
Background
The stress redistribution of the rock mass is caused by rock mass excavation, the mechanical property of the rock mass is changed along with the deformation and the damage of the rock mass, and the shear damage has the greatest influence on the engineering safety, so that the research on the mechanical property and the deformation characteristic of the shear damage of the rock mass is a key scientific problem of rock mechanics.
The existing shearing equipment can mainly realize tests such as uniaxial compression shearing, uniaxial tension shearing, reciprocating circular shearing, torsion shearing, triaxial compression shearing, variable-angle shearing and the like, and cannot realize multidirectional shearing. The actual engineering rock mass can receive the shear stress of equidirectional not, and rock mass excavation simultaneously causes the surrounding rock stress redistribution, changes the stress state of rock mass, including stress size and direction, and current equipment can't realize changing the experiment of stress size and direction simultaneously, consequently, carries out the development of multi-direction shearing equipment and is vital.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims at providing a multi-direction rock shear test system that reciprocates not only can realize conventional shearing equipment unipolar compression shear test, reciprocating cycle shear test, can realize not equidirectional shear test, reciprocating cycle shear test, true simulation shear test under different stress route different direction shear test and the various stress condition of actual engineering in-process shear test moreover, and test function and efficiency of software testing improve greatly.
The utility model discloses a realize the purpose, realize the shear test on the equidirectional not, can accomplish all around simultaneously the orientation cut simultaneously and reciprocal shear test, the technical scheme of the utility model is that: a multi-direction rock reciprocating shear test system is characterized in that: comprises an outer counterforce frame, an inner counterforce frame and a counterforce frame base;
the outer reaction frame is of a square structure with an opening at one end, and an x-direction through hole is formed in the outer reaction frame;
the inner counter-force frame is of a square structure, and a y-direction through hole is formed in the inner counter-force frame;
the reaction frame base is of a concave structure;
the opening of the outer reaction frame is downwards fixed above the reaction frame base and is fixedly connected with the two sides of the reaction frame base;
the inner counterforce frame is connected with the upper end surface of the counterforce frame base in a sliding way through an x-direction sliding rail; the inner reaction frame slides into the outer reaction frame through the x-direction through hole and is matched with the outer reaction frame.
In the technical scheme, a first stress loading system, a first stress measuring system and a first displacement measuring system are arranged in the inner counterforce frame; a shear box is arranged in the inner counterforce frame;
and a second stress loading system, a second stress measuring system and a second displacement measuring system are arranged inside the outer counterforce frame.
In the technical scheme, the first stress loading system comprises a vertical loading oil cylinder, an x-direction upper left loading cylinder, an x-direction lower left loading cylinder, an x-direction upper right loading cylinder and an x-direction lower right loading cylinder;
the first stress measurement system comprises a vertical loading force sensor, an x-direction left upper force sensor, an x-direction left lower force sensor, an x-direction right upper force sensor and an x-direction right lower force sensor;
the first displacement measurement system comprises a vertical displacement sensor, an x-direction left displacement sensor supporting rod, an x-direction right displacement sensor and an x-direction right displacement sensor supporting rod;
the x-direction left displacement sensor is arranged on the left side of the lower shearing box through an x-direction left displacement sensor supporting rod;
the x-direction right displacement sensor is mounted on the right side of the lower shear box through an x-direction right displacement sensor support rod.
In the above technical solution, the cutting box includes an upper cutting box and a lower cutting box; the lower shearing box is positioned on the x-direction sliding roller set;
an outer clamping groove of the lower shearing box is arranged on the lower shearing box; the lower shearing box is connected with the y-direction sliding block support through a lower shearing box outer clamping groove and a y-direction sliding roller set; and the y-direction sliding block support is fixed at the bottom of the inner side of the inner counterforce frame.
In the technical scheme, the x-direction right displacement sensor supporting rod, the x-direction left displacement sensor, the x-direction right displacement sensor supporting rod and the x-direction right displacement sensor are respectively arranged on two sides of the lower shearing box;
the x-direction left lower force sensor, the x-direction left lower loading cylinder, the x-direction right lower force sensor and the x-direction right lower loading cylinder are respectively arranged on two sides of the lower shearing box and are positioned above the x-direction left side displacement sensor and the x-direction right side displacement sensor;
the x-direction upper left force sensor, the x-direction upper left loading cylinder, the x-direction upper right loading cylinder and the x-direction upper right force sensor are respectively arranged on two sides of the upper shearing box.
In the technical scheme, the vertical bearing plate, the vertical loading force sensor and the vertical loading oil cylinder are sequentially arranged above the upper shearing box from bottom to top; the vertical loading oil cylinder is fixed at the top of the inner counter-force frame;
the vertical displacement sensor is arranged on the vertical bearing plate.
In the technical scheme, the x-direction upper left loading cylinder and the x-direction lower left loading cylinder are both vertically fixed on the left side surface of the inner reaction force frame;
and the x-direction right lower loading cylinder and the x-direction right upper loading cylinder are both vertically fixed on the right side surface of the inner reaction force frame.
In the technical scheme, four movable pulleys are arranged at the bottom of the inner counterforce frame; the movable pulley is connected with the x-direction sliding rail in a sliding mode.
In the technical scheme, the second stress loading system comprises a y-direction right lower loading cylinder, a y-direction right upper loading cylinder, a y-direction left lower loading oil cylinder and a y-direction left upper loading oil cylinder;
the second stress measurement system comprises a y-direction right lower force sensor, a y-direction right upper force sensor, a y-direction left lower force sensor and a y-direction left upper force sensor;
the second displacement measurement system comprises a y-direction lower right displacement sensor and a y-direction lower left displacement sensor.
In the technical scheme, after the inner reaction frame slides into the outer reaction frame to be fixed, the y-direction left lower force sensor, the y-direction left lower loading oil cylinder, the y-direction right lower loading cylinder and the y-direction right lower force sensor are respectively arranged on two sides of the lower shearing box;
the y-direction right lower displacement sensor and the y-direction left lower displacement sensor are respectively arranged on two sides of the lower shearing box and are positioned below the y-direction left lower loading oil cylinder and the y-direction right lower loading cylinder;
the y-direction right lower displacement sensor is vertically fixed on the right side surface of the outer reaction frame;
the y-direction left lower displacement sensor is vertically fixed on the left side surface of the outer reaction frame;
the y-direction left upper force sensor, the y-direction left upper loading oil cylinder, the y-direction right upper loading cylinder and the y-direction right upper force sensor are respectively arranged on two sides of the upper shearing box;
the y-direction lower left loading oil cylinder and the y-direction upper left loading oil cylinder are both vertically fixed on the left side surface of the outer counter-force frame;
and the y-direction right lower loading cylinder and the y-direction right upper loading cylinder are both vertically fixed on the right side surface of the outer counter-force frame.
The utility model has the advantages of as follows:
(1) the utility model discloses utilize the internal frame to cut the test system, can realize one-dimensional direction and cut and circulate and reciprocate shearing, can realize the function of the existing shearing equipment, perfect the functionality of the apparatus at the same time;
(2) the utility model utilizes the inner and outer frame combined test system to realize the shearing in different directions and the cyclic reciprocating shearing, and fills the blank of the multi-direction shearing equipment;
the utility model discloses the function is many, be suitable for extensively, can realize one-dimensional direction and multi-direction shearing and the reciprocal shear test of circulation, is a use more extensively, the function is more, the operation is more simple and convenient, the test mode more accords with the multi-functional shear test device of rock mechanics of engineering.
The utility model discloses can carry out a dimension and multi-direction shear test, it not only can realize conventional shearing equipment unipolar compression shear test, reciprocating cycle shear test, can realize not equidirectional shear test, reciprocating cycle shear test, true simulation shear test under different stress route different direction shear test and the various stress condition in the actual engineering process shear test moreover, test function and efficiency of software testing improve greatly.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is the utility model discloses a multi-direction reciprocal shear test device outer frame schematic diagram of rock.
FIG. 2 is a view of the A-A section test apparatus in FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is a view of the test apparatus of section B-B in FIG. 1.
FIG. 4 is a view of the test apparatus of section C-C in FIG. 1.
Fig. 5 is the utility model provides a lower shearing box outer clamping groove set up in on the lower shearing box, and the lower shearing box passes through the structure sketch that lower shearing box outer clamping groove and y direction slip roller set and y direction slider support are connected.
In the figure: 1-outer reaction force frame, 2-inner reaction force frame, 3-reaction force frame, 4-x direction right side displacement sensor support rod, 5-y direction slide block support seat, 6-x direction right lower loading cylinder, 7-x direction right side displacement sensor, 8-x direction right lower force sensor, 9-x direction right upper loading cylinder, 10-x direction right upper force sensor, 11-vertical direction bearing plate, 12-vertical direction displacement sensor, 13-movable pulley, 14-y direction sliding roller set, 15-x direction sliding roller set, 16-x direction right side displacement sensor support rod, 17-x direction left lower force sensor, 18-x direction left side displacement sensor, 19-x direction left lower loading cylinder, 20-x direction left upper force sensor, 21-x direction upper left loading cylinder, 22-upper shearing pressure box, 23-rock sample, 24-vertical loading force sensor, 25-vertical loading oil cylinder, 26-y direction lower right loading cylinder, 27-y direction upper right loading cylinder, 28-y direction lower right displacement sensor, 29-y direction lower right force sensor, 30-y direction upper right force sensor, 31-y direction lower left displacement sensor, 32-y direction lower left force sensor, 33-y direction upper left force sensor, 34-y direction lower left loading oil cylinder, 35-y direction upper left loading oil cylinder, 36-x direction slide rail, 37-lower shearing pressure box, 38-lower shearing pressure box outer clamping groove, 71-first stress loading system, 72-first stress measuring system, 73-a first displacement measuring system, 74-a second stress loading system, 75-a second stress measuring system, 76-a second displacement measuring system, 77-a shear box, 78-an x-direction through hole, 79-a y-direction through hole, 80-an x-direction slide rail.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are not intended to limit the present invention, but are merely exemplary. While the advantages of the invention will be clear and readily appreciated by the description.
Referring to fig. 1-4, it can be seen that: a multi-direction rock reciprocating shear test system comprises an outer reaction frame 1, an inner reaction frame 2 and a reaction frame base 3;
the outer reaction frame 1 is a square structure with an opening at one end, and an x-direction through hole 78 is formed in the outer reaction frame 1; the opening of the outer reaction frame 1 is downwards fixed above the reaction frame base 3 and is fixedly connected with the two sides of the reaction frame base 3; the movable pulley 13 slides on the x-direction slide rail 80 to drive the inner reaction frame 2 to slide from the x-direction through hole 78 to the designated position in the outer reaction frame 1 for fixation, and components in the outer reaction frame 1 and the inner reaction frame 2 simultaneously apply stress to the shearing box 77 and measure the stress and displacement, so that the shearing tests in different directions, the reciprocating circular shearing tests, the shearing tests in different directions under different stress paths and the shearing tests under various stress conditions in the actual engineering process are realized, and the test function and the test efficiency are greatly improved; the inner reaction frame 2 is of a square structure, and a y-direction through hole 79 is formed in the inner reaction frame 2; the second stress loading system 74 in the outer reaction frame 1 applies stress to the shear box 77 through the y-direction through hole 79 and measures stress and displacement; the components in the outer reaction frame 1 and the inner reaction frame 2 can apply stress to the shear box 77 and measure the stress and displacement at the same time, so that the shear test in different directions and the reciprocating circular shear test can be realized;
the reaction frame base 3 is a concave structure with an upward opening (as shown in fig. 1);
the inner reaction frame 2 is connected with the upper end surface of the reaction frame base 3 in a sliding way through an x-direction slide rail 80; the inner reaction frame 2 is slid into the outer reaction frame 1 through the x-direction through hole 78 to be fixed and is fitted with the outer reaction frame 1 (as shown in fig. 1, 2, 3, and 4); the components in the outer reaction frame 1 and the inner reaction frame 2 simultaneously apply stress to the shear box 77 and measure stress and displacement, so that shear tests in different directions and reciprocating cyclic shear tests are realized.
Further, a first stress loading system 71, a first stress measuring system 72 and a first displacement measuring system 73 are arranged inside the inner counterforce frame 2; a shear box 77 is arranged inside the inner reaction frame 2 (as shown in fig. 2 and 4); a first stress loading system 71 in the inner reaction frame 2 is used to provide loading stress; the first stress measurement system 72 is used to measure stress; the first displacement measurement system 73 is used to measure displacement;
a second stress loading system 74, a second stress measuring system 75 and a second displacement measuring system 76 are arranged inside the outer counterforce frame 1 (as shown in fig. 3 and 4); the second stress loading system 74 in the outer reaction frame 1 is used to provide the loading stress; the second stress measurement system 75 is used to measure stress; the second displacement measurement system 76 is used to measure displacement.
Further, the first stress loading system 71 includes a vertical loading oil cylinder 25, an x-direction upper left loading cylinder 21, an x-direction lower left loading cylinder 19, an x-direction upper right loading cylinder 9, and an x-direction lower right loading cylinder 6;
the first stress measurement system 72 comprises a vertical loading force sensor 24, an x-direction left upper force sensor 20, an x-direction left lower force sensor 17, an x-direction right upper force sensor 10 and an x-direction right lower force sensor 8; the vertical loading oil cylinder 25 is used for providing vertical stress, and the vertical loading force sensor 24 is used for measuring the stress; the x-direction upper left loading cylinder 21 is used for providing horizontal stress, and the x-direction upper left force sensor 20 is used for measuring stress; the x-direction lower left loading cylinder 19 is used for providing horizontal stress, and the x-direction lower left force sensor 17 is used for measuring stress; the x-direction right lower loading cylinder 6 is used for providing horizontal stress, and the x-direction right lower force sensor 8 is used for measuring the stress;
the first displacement measurement system 73 comprises a vertical displacement sensor 12, an x-direction left displacement sensor 18, an x-direction left displacement sensor support rod 16, an x-direction right displacement sensor 7 and an x-direction right displacement sensor support rod 4;
the x-direction left displacement sensor 18 is arranged on the left side of the lower shearing box 37 through an x-direction left displacement sensor supporting rod 16; the x-direction left displacement sensor supporting rod 16 plays a role in fixing and supporting the x-direction left displacement sensor 18;
an x-direction right displacement sensor 7 is mounted on the right side of the lower shear box 37 via an x-direction right displacement sensor strut 4 (see fig. 2 and 4); the x-direction right displacement sensor strut 4 plays a role of fixing and supporting the x-direction right displacement sensor 7.
Further, the shear box 77 includes an upper shear box 22 and a lower shear box 37; the lower shear box 37 is positioned on the x-direction sliding roller set 15; the mode arrangement can realize that the sample finishes shearing in the x direction and the y direction, the y direction shearing test can be realized by pushing the lower shearing box 37, and the x direction shearing test can be realized by pushing the lower shearing box outer clamping groove 38.
A lower cutting box external clamping groove 38 is arranged on the lower cutting box 37; the lower cutting box 37 is connected with the y-direction sliding block support 5 through a lower cutting box external clamping groove 38 and the y-direction sliding roller group 14; the y-direction slider mount 5 is fixed to the inner bottom of the internal reaction frame 2 (see fig. 2, 3, and 5).
Further, an x-direction right-side displacement sensor strut 16 and an x-direction left-side displacement sensor 18 are arranged on the left side of the lower shear box 37, and an x-direction right-side displacement sensor strut 4 and an x-direction right-side displacement sensor 7 are arranged on the right side of the lower shear box 37;
the x-direction lower left force sensor 17 and the x-direction lower left loading cylinder 19 are arranged on the left side of the lower shearing box 37 and above the x-direction left displacement sensor 18;
the x-direction right lower force sensor 8 and the x-direction right lower loading cylinder 6 are arranged on the right side of the lower shearing box 37 and above the x-direction right displacement sensor 7;
the x-direction lower left loading cylinder 19 provides horizontal stress, the x-direction lower left force sensor 17 is used for measuring the left stress of the lower shearing box 37, and the x-direction left displacement sensor 18 is used for measuring the left displacement of the lower shearing box 37;
the x-direction right lower loading cylinder 6 provides horizontal stress, the x-direction right lower force sensor 8 is used for measuring the right-side stress of the lower shear box 37, and the x-direction right displacement sensor 7 is used for measuring the right-side displacement of the shear box 37; an x-direction upper left force sensor 20 and an x-direction upper left loading cylinder 21 are arranged on the left side of an upper shear box 22, and an x-direction upper right loading cylinder 9 and an x-direction upper right force sensor 10 are arranged on the right side of the upper shear box 22 (as shown in fig. 2 and 4);
the x-direction provides horizontal stress to the upper left load cylinder 21, and the x-direction measures left stress of the upper shear box 22 to the upper left force sensor 20;
the x-direction provides horizontal stress to the upper right load cylinder 9 and the x-direction measures the right side stress of the upper shear box 22 to the upper right force sensor 10.
Further, the vertical bearing plate 11, the vertical loading force sensor 24 and the vertical loading oil cylinder 25 are sequentially arranged above the upper shearing box 22 from bottom to top; the vertical loading oil cylinder 25 is fixed at the top of the inner counterforce frame 2; the vertical loading oil cylinder 25 provides vertical stress, and the vertical loading force sensor 24 is used for measuring the vertical stress;
the vertical displacement sensor 12 is mounted on the vertical bearing plate 11, arranged above the upper shear box 22 and vertically fixed on the top of the inner reaction force frame 2 (as shown in fig. 2 and 3); the vertical displacement sensor 12 is used to detect the vertical displacement of the shear box 77.
Further, an upper left loading cylinder 21 in the x direction and a lower left loading cylinder 19 in the x direction are both vertically fixed on the left side surface of the inner reaction force frame 2; the x-direction left upper loading cylinder 21 and the x-direction left lower loading cylinder 19 are arranged at intervals; the left side of the inner reaction frame 2 supports and fixes the upper left loading cylinder 21 in the x direction and the lower left loading cylinder 19 in the x direction;
the x-direction right lower loading cylinder 6 and the x-direction right upper loading cylinder 9 are both vertically fixed on the right side surface of the inner counterforce frame 2; the x-direction right lower loading cylinder 6 and the x-direction right upper loading cylinder 9 are arranged at intervals; the right side of the inner counterforce frame 2 plays a role in supporting and fixing the lower right loading cylinder 6 in the x direction and the upper right loading cylinder 9 in the x direction;
the right side of the shear box 77 provides horizontal loading stress through an x-direction right lower loading cylinder 6 and an x-direction right upper loading cylinder 9, and the left side provides horizontal loading stress through an x-direction left upper loading cylinder 21 and an x-direction left lower loading cylinder 19; the x-direction lower left force sensor 17 is positioned at the telescopic end of the x-direction lower left loading cylinder 19;
the x-direction upper left force sensor 20 is positioned at the telescopic end of the x-direction upper left loading cylinder 21;
the x-direction right upper force sensor 10 is positioned at the telescopic end of the x-direction right upper loading cylinder 9;
the x-direction right lower force sensor 8 is located at the telescopic end of the x-direction right lower loading cylinder 6 (as shown in fig. 2, 3 and 4), and improves the detection accuracy.
Further, four movable pulleys 13 are provided at the bottom of the inner reaction frame 2; the movable pulley 13 is connected with the x-direction slide rail 80 in a sliding manner; the movable pulley 13 slides on the x-direction slide rail 80 to drive the inner reaction frame 2 to slide in or out of the outer reaction frame 1, so that one-dimensional and multi-directional shear tests are realized.
Further, the second stress loading system 74 includes a y-direction right lower loading cylinder 26, a y-direction right upper loading cylinder 27, a y-direction left lower loading cylinder 34, and a y-direction left upper loading cylinder 35;
the second stress measurement system 75 comprises a y-direction right lower force sensor 29, a y-direction right upper force sensor 30, a y-direction left lower force sensor 32 and a y-direction left upper force sensor 33;
the y-direction lower right load cylinder 26 provides horizontal stress, and the y-direction lower right force sensor 29 is used for measuring lower right stress of the shear box 77;
the y-direction upper right load cylinder 27 provides horizontal stress, and the y-direction upper right force sensor 3 is used for measuring the upper right stress of the shear box 77;
the y-direction lower left load cylinder 34 provides horizontal stress, and the y-direction lower left force sensor 32 is used for measuring the lower left stress of the shear box 77;
the y-direction upper left loading oil cylinder 35 provides horizontal stress, and the y-direction upper left force sensor 33 is used for measuring the upper left stress of the shear box 77;
the second displacement measurement system 76 includes a y-direction lower-right displacement sensor 28 and a y-direction lower-left displacement sensor 31; the y-direction left lower displacement sensor 31 and the y-direction right lower displacement sensor 28 measure the displacement of the lower shear box 37 from opposite (right and left) sides.
Further, after the inner reaction frame 2 is slid into the outer reaction frame 1 and fixed, the y-direction lower left force sensor 32 and the y-direction lower left load cylinder 34 are disposed on the left side of the lower shear box 37 and below the y-direction lower right load cylinder 26;
the y-direction right lower load cylinder 26 and the y-direction right lower force sensor 29 are disposed on the right side of the lower shear box 37 below the y-direction left lower load cylinder 34.
A y-direction right-lower displacement sensor 28 is vertically fixed to the right side surface of the outer reaction frame 1;
the y-direction lower left displacement sensor 31 is vertically fixed to the left side surface of the outer reaction frame 1; the outer reaction frame 1 provides the fixing and supporting forces for the y-direction lower right displacement sensor 28 and the y-direction lower left displacement sensor 31, respectively.
A y-direction upper left force sensor 33, a y-direction upper left loading oil cylinder 35, a y-direction upper right loading oil cylinder 27 and a y-direction upper right force sensor 30 are respectively arranged at two sides of the upper shearing box 22;
the y-direction lower left loading oil cylinder 34 and the y-direction upper left loading oil cylinder 35 are both vertically fixed on the left side surface of the outer counterforce frame 1; the y-direction left lower loading oil cylinder 34 and the y-direction left upper loading oil cylinder 35 are arranged at intervals; the counterforce frame 1 provides fixing and supporting forces for the y-direction lower left loading oil cylinder 34 and the y-direction upper left loading oil cylinder 35 respectively.
The y-direction right lower loading cylinder 26 and the y-direction right upper loading cylinder 27 are both vertically fixed on the right side surface of the outer reaction frame 1; the y-direction right lower loading cylinder 26 and the y-direction right upper loading cylinder 27 are arranged at intervals; the outer reaction frame 1 provides the fixing and supporting forces for the y-direction lower right loading cylinder 26 and the y-direction upper right loading cylinder 27, respectively.
The y-direction left lower force sensor 32 is arranged at the telescopic end of the y-direction left lower loading oil cylinder 34;
a y-direction right lower force sensor 29 is provided at the telescopic end of the y-direction right lower load cylinder 26;
the y-direction upper left force sensor 33 is arranged at the telescopic end of the y-direction upper left loading oil cylinder 35;
the y-direction upper right force sensor 30 is provided at the telescopic end of the y-direction upper right load cylinder 27 (as shown in fig. 3 and 4), and improves the detection accuracy.
The x, y and z are Cartesian rectangular coordinate systems.
Now through the utility model discloses an applied embodiment is right the utility model discloses carry out the detailed description.
Example 1: one-dimensional direction reciprocating cycle shear test
The embodiment of the invention utilizes the multi-direction rock reciprocating shear test system to carry out the one-dimensional reciprocating cyclic shear test, and the specific test method comprises the following steps,
the method comprises the following steps: the sample 23 is put into the lower shear box 37 and the upper shear box 22 is covered on the lower shear box 37, and then the shear box 77 as a whole is put on the x-direction slide roller group 15;
step two: a vertical loading force sensor 24 and a vertical loading oil cylinder 25 are tightly pressed on the upper end of the upper shearing box 22 through a vertical bearing plate 11 to form a vertical stress measuring system;
step three: pressing an x-direction upper left force sensor 20 and an x-direction upper left loading cylinder 21 to the left side of an upper shear box 22, and pressing an x-direction upper right loading cylinder 9 and an x-direction upper right force sensor 10 to the right side of the upper shear box 22;
step four: the x-direction left lower force sensor 17 and the x-direction left lower loading cylinder 19 are tightly pressed on the left side of the lower shearing box 37, and the x-direction right lower loading cylinder 6 and the x-direction right lower force sensor 8 are tightly pressed on the right side of the lower shearing box 37;
forming a horizontal stress measuring system through the third step and the fourth step;
step five: a vertical displacement sensor 12 is arranged on a vertical bearing plate 11, an x-direction left displacement sensor 18 is arranged on the left side of a lower shearing box 37 through an x-direction right displacement sensor supporting rod 16, and an x-direction right lower loading cylinder 6 is arranged on the right side of the lower shearing box 37 through an x-direction right displacement sensor supporting rod 4, so that a displacement measuring system is formed;
step six: applying a vertical force to the rock sample 23 to a target pressure through a vertical loading oil cylinder 25, and keeping the pressure value constant;
step seven: limiting the displacement of the loading cylinder 9 at the upper right in the x direction to keep the loading cylinder fixed; then, increasing the pressure to the upper left loading cylinder 21 in the x direction to a pressure value which is 1.5 times of the shearing force required by the experiment, and then keeping the pressure value fixed; therefore, the position of the upper shearing box can be fixed in the shearing test process, the shearing test can be better finished, meanwhile, the condition that the pressure of the upper loading cylinder is overlarge (shearing force is more than 1.5 times) caused by overlarge pressure caused by unknown reasons is ensured, the test can be terminated manually in time, the reasons can be checked, and a certain protection effect can be achieved;
thus, the upper portion of the shear box 77 is fixed;
step eight: leaving the x-direction right lower force sensor 8 and the x-direction right lower loading cylinder 6 away from the lower shearing box 37 for a certain distance (2-3 cm), applying horizontal shearing stress to the rock sample 23 through the x-direction left lower loading cylinder 19, performing a unidirectional shearing test in a displacement control mode, stopping loading after shearing a section of displacement (about 2cm), and returning the x-direction left lower loading cylinder 19 to complete the unidirectional shearing test;
step nine: loading the rock sample 23 in the opposite direction through the x-direction right lower loading cylinder 6 until the rock sample 23 is sheared to a specified distance, stopping loading, and returning the x-direction right lower loading cylinder 6 to finish a reverse shearing test;
step ten: and repeating the eighth step and the ninth step to realize the one-dimensional reciprocating shear test of the rock sample (as shown in fig. 2 and 5).
Example 2: multidirectional reciprocating cycle shear test
The embodiment of the invention utilizes the multi-direction rock reciprocating shear test system to carry out the multi-direction reciprocating cyclic shear test, and the specific test method comprises the following steps,
the method comprises the following steps: completing the reciprocating shear test of the rock sample in one dimension, wherein the test method is the same as that of the example 1 (shown in figures 2 and 5);
step two: four movable pulleys 13 at the bottom of the inner counterforce frame 2 are pushed and can enter the inner appointed position of the outer counterforce frame 1 through an x-direction slide rail;
step three: limiting the displacement of the y-direction upper right loading cylinder 27 to keep it stationary; then increasing the pressure to the upper left loading oil cylinder 35 in the y direction, increasing the pressure to the upper left loading oil cylinder 35 in the y direction to a pressure value which is 1.5 times of the shearing force required by the test, and then keeping the pressure value fixed; therefore, the position of the upper shearing box can be fixed in the shearing test process, the shearing test can be better finished, meanwhile, the condition that the pressure of the upper loading cylinder is overlarge (shearing force is more than 1.5 times) caused by overlarge pressure caused by unknown reasons is ensured, the test can be terminated manually in time, the reasons can be checked, and a certain protection effect can be achieved;
step four: leaving the y-direction right lower loading cylinder 26 and the y-direction right lower force sensor 29 away from the lower shearing box 37 for a certain distance (2-3 cm), applying horizontal shearing stress to the rock sample 23 through the y-direction left lower loading cylinder 34, performing a one-way shearing test in a displacement control mode, stopping loading after shearing a section of displacement (about 2cm), and returning the y-direction left lower loading cylinder 34 to complete the one-way shearing test;
step five: loading the rock sample 23 in the opposite direction through the y-direction right lower loading cylinder 26 until the rock sample 23 is sheared to a specified distance, stopping loading, and returning the y-direction right lower loading cylinder 26 to finish a reverse shearing test;
step six: and repeating the fourth step and the fifth step to realize the multidirectional reciprocating shearing test (as shown in figures 3 and 4).
In order to more clearly illustrate the advantages of the multi-directional rock reciprocating shear test system of the present invention compared with the prior art, the two technical solutions are compared by the staff, and the comparison results are as follows:
according to last table, multi-direction reciprocal shear test system of rock compare with prior art, can realize the not ascending shear test of equidirectional, accomplish all around simultaneously that the direction is cuted simultaneously and reciprocal shearing, and can realize the reciprocal shearing of circulation of one-dimensional direction shearing and the not equidirectional shearing.
Other parts not described belong to the prior art.
Claims (10)
1. A multi-direction rock reciprocating shear test system is characterized in that: comprises an outer reaction frame (1), an inner reaction frame (2) and a reaction frame base (3);
the outer reaction frame (1) is of a square structure with one open end, and an x-direction through hole (78) is formed in the outer reaction frame (1);
the inner reaction frame (2) is of a square structure, and a y-direction through hole (79) is formed in the inner reaction frame (2);
the reaction frame base (3) is of a concave structure;
the opening of the outer reaction frame (1) is downwards fixed above the reaction frame base (3) and is fixedly connected with the two sides of the reaction frame base (3);
the inner reaction frame (2) is connected with the upper end surface of the reaction frame base (3) in a sliding way through an x-direction slide rail (80); the inner reaction force frame (2) slides into the outer reaction force frame (1) through an x-direction through hole (78) and is matched with the outer reaction force frame (1).
2. The multi-directional rock reciprocating shear test system of claim 1, wherein: a first stress loading system (71), a first stress measuring system (72) and a first displacement measuring system (73) are arranged inside the inner counterforce frame (2); a shear box (77) is arranged inside the inner counterforce frame (2);
a second stress loading system (74), a second stress measuring system (75) and a second displacement measuring system (76) are arranged inside the outer counterforce frame (1).
3. The multi-directional rock reciprocating shear test system of claim 2, wherein: the first stress loading system (71) comprises a vertical loading oil cylinder (25), an x-direction left upper loading cylinder (21), an x-direction left lower loading cylinder (19), an x-direction right upper loading cylinder (9) and an x-direction right lower loading cylinder (6);
the first stress measurement system (72) comprises a vertical loading force sensor (24), an x-direction left upper force sensor (20), an x-direction left lower force sensor (17), an x-direction right upper force sensor (10) and an x-direction right lower force sensor (8);
the first displacement measurement system (73) comprises a vertical displacement sensor (12), an x-direction left-side displacement sensor (18), an x-direction left-side displacement sensor support rod (16), an x-direction right-side displacement sensor (7) and an x-direction right-side displacement sensor support rod (4);
the x-direction left displacement sensor (18) is arranged on the left side of the lower shearing box (37) through an x-direction left displacement sensor supporting rod (16);
an x-direction right displacement sensor (7) is mounted on the right side of the lower shear box (37) through an x-direction right displacement sensor strut (4).
4. The multi-directional rock reciprocating shear test system of claim 3, wherein: the shear box (77) comprises an upper shear box (22) and a lower shear box (37); the lower cutting box (37) is positioned on the x-direction sliding roller group (15).
5. The multi-directional rock reciprocating shear test system of claim 4, wherein: an x-direction left lower force sensor (17), an x-direction left lower loading cylinder (19), an x-direction right lower force sensor (8) and an x-direction right lower loading cylinder (6) are respectively arranged on two sides of the lower shearing box (37) and are positioned above an x-direction left side displacement sensor (18) and an x-direction right side displacement sensor (7);
an x-direction left upper force sensor (20), an x-direction left upper loading cylinder (21), an x-direction right upper loading cylinder (9) and an x-direction right upper force sensor (10) are respectively arranged at two sides of the upper shearing box (22).
6. The multi-directional rock reciprocating shear test system of claim 5, wherein: the vertical bearing plate (11), the vertical loading force sensor (24) and the vertical loading oil cylinder (25) are sequentially arranged above the upper shearing box (22) from bottom to top; the vertical loading oil cylinder (25) is fixed at the top of the inner counterforce frame (2);
the vertical displacement sensor (12) is arranged on the vertical bearing plate (11).
7. The multi-directional rock reciprocating shear test system of claim 6, wherein: the x-direction left upper loading cylinder (21) and the x-direction left lower loading cylinder (19) are both vertically fixed on the left side surface of the inner reaction force frame (2);
and the x-direction right lower loading cylinder (6) and the x-direction right upper loading cylinder (9) are both vertically fixed on the right side surface of the inner reaction force frame (2).
8. The multi-directional rock reciprocating shear test system of claim 7, wherein: a plurality of movable pulleys (13) are arranged at the bottom of the inner counterforce frame (2); the movable pulley (13) is connected with the x-direction sliding rail (80) in a sliding mode.
9. The multi-directional rock reciprocating shear test system of claim 8, wherein: the second stress loading system (74) comprises a y-direction right lower loading cylinder (26), a y-direction right upper loading cylinder (27), a y-direction left lower loading oil cylinder (34) and a y-direction left upper loading oil cylinder (35);
the second stress measurement system (75) comprises a y-direction right lower force sensor (29), a y-direction right upper force sensor (30), a y-direction left lower force sensor (32) and a y-direction left upper force sensor (33);
the second displacement measurement system (76) includes a y-direction lower right displacement sensor (28) and a y-direction lower left displacement sensor (31).
10. The multi-directional rock reciprocating shear test system of claim 9, wherein: after the inner reaction frame (2) slides into the outer reaction frame (1) to be fixed, a y-direction left lower force sensor (32), a y-direction left lower loading oil cylinder (34), a y-direction right lower loading cylinder (26) and a y-direction right lower force sensor (29) are respectively arranged at two sides of the lower shearing box (37);
a y-direction right lower displacement sensor (28) and a y-direction left lower displacement sensor (31) are respectively arranged on two sides of the lower shearing box (37) and are positioned below a y-direction left lower loading oil cylinder (34) and a y-direction right lower loading cylinder (26);
a y-direction right-lower displacement sensor (28) is vertically fixed on the right side surface of the outer reaction force frame (1);
a y-direction left lower displacement sensor (31) is vertically fixed on the left side surface of the outer reaction force frame (1);
a y-direction left upper force sensor (33), a y-direction left upper loading oil cylinder (35), a y-direction right upper loading oil cylinder (27) and a y-direction right upper force sensor (30) are respectively arranged at two sides of the upper shearing box (22);
the y-direction lower left loading oil cylinder (34) and the y-direction upper left loading oil cylinder (35) are both vertically fixed on the left side surface of the outer reaction force frame (1);
and the y-direction right lower loading cylinder (26) and the y-direction right upper loading cylinder (27) are both vertically fixed on the right side surface of the outer reaction force frame (1).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202022217110.7U CN214010943U (en) | 2020-09-30 | 2020-09-30 | Multidirectional rock reciprocating shear test system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202022217110.7U CN214010943U (en) | 2020-09-30 | 2020-09-30 | Multidirectional rock reciprocating shear test system |
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| CN214010943U true CN214010943U (en) | 2021-08-20 |
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