CN214007738U

CN214007738U - Anti-loosening fastening assembly

Info

Publication number: CN214007738U
Application number: CN202022160426.7U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 霍灵瑜; 李卫平
Original assignee: Beijing Wuzi University
Current assignee: Beijing Wuzi University
Priority date: 2020-09-27
Filing date: 2020-09-27
Publication date: 2021-08-20
Anticipated expiration: 2030-09-27

Abstract

The utility model relates to a mechanical fastener technical field especially relates to an anti-loosening fastening assembly. The utility model provides a locking fastening assembly that takes off, including bolt, fastening nut, lock washer and lock nut, be equipped with first screw thread and second screw thread that crisscross each other and revolve to opposite each other on the bolt, the screw thread of fastening nut and first screw thread phase-match, the screw thread of lock nut and second screw thread phase-match, the lock washer is located between fastening nut and the lock nut; one end face of the locknut is provided with a first ratchet structure, one end face of the lockwasher is provided with a second ratchet structure, and the first ratchet structure is used for being fastened with the second ratchet structure in the unscrewing direction of the locknut; the outer side surface of the fastening nut is provided with a rotation stopping groove, the anti-loosening gasket is provided with a rotation stopping lug, and the rotation stopping lug can be buckled with or separated from the rotation stopping groove. The utility model discloses an anti-loosening fastening assembly, reasonable in design, simple structure, fastening performance is good, easy dismounting.

Description

Anti-loosening fastening assembly

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a mechanical fastener technical field especially relates to an anti-loosening fastening assembly.

Background

Bolt-nut fasteners are essential parts for mechanical part connection and equipment fixation, and if the fastened objects are loosened, serious consequences may occur, such as bolt connection loosening of transmission mechanisms of airplanes, rails, machine tools and the like, which can cause serious accidents, so that prevention of bolt connection loosening is a subject of research. The loosening of the screw connection may be caused by a large number of reasons, such as in the case of strong vibrations, in the case of alternating loads, or in the case of large changes in operating temperature, which may lead to a reduction or elimination of positive pressure on the friction surfaces of the nut, resulting in loosening torques on the friction surfaces that urge the nut to rotate in the loosening direction, and thus in the loosening of the nut.

In order to achieve the purpose of loosening prevention of the nut, the existing Thangson thread fastener adopts two nuts with different screwing directions, namely a left-handed nut and a right-handed nut, and because the loosening direction of the right-handed nut is the screwing direction of the left-handed nut, when the right-handed nut loosens, the friction surface of the right-handed nut drives the left-handed nut to screw, so that the right-handed nut cannot loosen. However, the tang screw fastener is mainly dependent on the friction between the two nuts, and when the positive pressure on the friction surfaces of the two nuts is reduced or disappears due to severe vibration of the equipment, the left-handed nut may be loosened first, and then the right-handed nut may be loosened, so that the effect of complete looseness prevention cannot be achieved.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to solve the technical problem or at least partially solve the technical problem, the utility model provides a can reach complete locking effect, and easy dismounting's locking take off fastening components.

The utility model provides a locking fastening assembly that takes off, including bolt, fastening nut, lock washer and lock nut, be equipped with first screw thread and second screw thread that crisscross each other and revolve to opposite on the bolt, the screw thread of fastening nut with the first screw thread phase-match, the screw thread of lock nut with the second screw thread phase-match, the lock washer is located between fastening nut and the lock nut; one end face of the locknut is provided with a first ratchet structure, one end face of the lockwasher is provided with a second ratchet structure, and the first ratchet structure is used for being fastened with the second ratchet structure in the loosening direction of the locknut; the outer side surface of the fastening nut is provided with a rotation stopping groove, the anti-loosening gasket is provided with a rotation stopping lug, and the rotation stopping lug can be fastened with or separated from the rotation stopping groove.

Optionally, the first ratchet structure includes a plurality of first ratchets sequentially arranged on the end surface of the locknut along the circumferential direction, the second ratchet structure includes a plurality of second ratchets sequentially arranged on the end surface of the lockwasher along the circumferential direction, and the plurality of second ratchets are used for being fastened with the plurality of first ratchets in a one-to-one correspondence manner.

Optionally, a first ratchet-shaped groove matched with the second ratchet in shape is formed between two adjacent first ratchet teeth, and a plurality of second ratchet teeth are correspondingly inserted into the plurality of first ratchet-shaped grooves; a second ratchet-shaped groove matched with the first ratchet in shape is formed between two adjacent second ratchets, and a plurality of first ratchets are correspondingly inserted into the second ratchet-shaped grooves.

Optionally, each of the first ratchet teeth includes a first guide surface and a first fastening surface, the first fastening surface is located in front of the first guide surface along the loosening direction of the locknut, and an inclination angle of the first guide surface relative to the end surface of the locknut is smaller than an inclination angle of the first fastening surface relative to the end surface of the locknut.

Optionally, the anti-loosening gasket is relatively provided with two rotation stopping lugs, and the two rotation stopping lugs can deform oppositely or oppositely under the action of external force, so that the rotation stopping lugs are buckled with or separated from the rotation stopping grooves.

Optionally, the rotation stopping lug protrudes from an end face of the anti-loosening gasket, which faces away from the second ratchet structure, and a protruding buckling part is arranged on one side of the rotation stopping lug, which faces the fastening nut, and is used for buckling with the rotation stopping groove.

Optionally, the outer side surface of the fastening nut is circumferentially provided with a plurality of rotation stopping grooves, and the plurality of rotation stopping grooves are arranged in a pairwise opposite manner.

Optionally, one end of the fastening nut, which faces away from the anti-loose washer, is of a straight structure.

Optionally, the connecting portion of the screw rod of the bolt and the bolt head is provided with a tapered rotation stopping rib.

Optionally, the number of the rotation stopping ribs is at least two, and the rotation stopping ribs are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the bolt.

The embodiment of the utility model provides a technical scheme compares with prior art and has following advantage:

the fastening assembly for preventing loosening provided by the embodiment of the utility model realizes the fastening of the two-way thread by connecting the fastening nut and the locknut with the two-way thread (the first thread and the second thread) of the bolt in opposite screwing directions; the anti-loosening gasket is additionally arranged between the fastening nut and the anti-loosening nut, the anti-rotation lug of the anti-loosening gasket is matched with the anti-rotation groove of the fastening nut to play a role in anti-rotation, so that the anti-loosening gasket and the fastening nut are limited from rotating relatively, after the anti-loosening nut is screwed in place, the first ratchet structure on the end surface of the anti-loosening nut is matched with the second ratchet structure on the end surface of the anti-loosening gasket to play a role in anti-rotation, and the anti-loosening nut is limited from loosening along the loosening direction, so that even if the fastened equipment generates severe vibration, due to the anti-rotation action of the first ratchet structure and the second ratchet structure, the anti-rotation lug and the anti-rotation groove play a role in anti-rotation, so that the anti-loosening nut cannot loosen along the loosening direction, and the effect of complete anti-loosening is achieved; when the locking fastening assembly that takes off is dismantled to needs, only need deviate from the spline recess of fastening nut with the spline lug of check washer, just can rotate check washer and locknut along locknut's the unscrewing direction simultaneously to pull down check washer and locknut simultaneously, pull down fastening nut then, thereby realize locking fastening assembly's the function of dismantling that takes off.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive labor.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an anti-loose fastening assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the fitting structure at A in FIG. 1;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a bolt according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic front view of a fastening nut according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic top view of the fastening nut of FIG. 4;

fig. 6 is a schematic front view of an embodiment of the anti-loosening gasket of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic top view of the anti-loosening gasket shown in FIG. 6;

fig. 8 is a schematic front view of the locknut according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a bottom view of the locknut shown in FIG. 8;

fig. 10 is a front view of a lock washer according to another embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 11 is a bottom view of the anti-loosening gasket shown in fig. 10.

Wherein, 1-bolt; 11-a first thread; 12-a second thread; 13-rotation stopping ribs; 2-fastening a nut; 21-rotation stopping grooves; 3-anti-loose gaskets; 31-a second ratchet configuration; 311-second ratchet; 312-a second ratchet-shaped groove; 313-a second guide surface; 314-a second fastening face; 32-a rotation stop lug; 321-a buckling part; 4-locknut; 41-a first ratchet tooth configuration; 411-first ratchet; 412-a first ratchet-shaped groove; 413 — a first guide surface; 414-first fastening face; 5 and 6-fastened devices.

Detailed Description

In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention may be more clearly understood, the aspects of the present invention will be further described below. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other without conflict.

In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but the invention may be practiced in other ways than those described herein; obviously, the embodiments in the specification are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, some embodiments of the present invention provide an anti-loose fastening assembly, which includes a bolt 1, a fastening nut 2, an anti-loose gasket 3 and an anti-loose nut 4, wherein the bolt 1 is provided with a first thread 11 and a second thread 12 which are mutually staggered and have opposite rotation directions, the thread of the fastening nut 2 is matched with the first thread 11, the thread of the anti-loose nut 4 is matched with the second thread 12, and the anti-loose gasket 3 is arranged between the fastening nut 2 and the anti-loose nut 4; one end face of the locknut 4 is provided with a first ratchet structure 41, one end face of the lockwasher 3 is provided with a second ratchet structure 31, and the first ratchet structure 41 is used for being fastened with the second ratchet structure 31 in the loosening direction of the locknut 4; the outer side surface of the fastening nut 2 is provided with a rotation stopping groove 21, the anti-loosening gasket 3 is provided with a rotation stopping lug 32, and the rotation stopping lug 32 can be buckled with or separated from the rotation stopping groove 21.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the bolt 1 is provided with a first thread 11 and a second thread 12 which are staggered with each other and have opposite rotation directions, that is, the threads on the bolt 1 are formed by compounding threads with left rotation and right rotation, preferably, the root of the first thread 11 is intersected with the root of the second thread 12, the crest of the first thread 11 is overlapped with the crest of the second thread 12, of course, the root and the crest of the first thread 11 and the second thread 12 may not be overlapped or intersected, and the thread pitch of the first thread 11 may be equal to or unequal to the thread pitch of the second thread 12. The first thread 11 on the bolt 1 and the thread of the fastening nut 2 have the same rotating direction and thread pitch parameters, so that the fastening nut 2 can be screwed in a matching way; the second thread 12 on the bolt 1 is consistent with the thread direction and the thread pitch parameters of the locknut 4, so that the locknut 4 can be screwed in a matching way. Bolt 1 wears to locate on fastened

equipment

5 and 6, the internal thread of fastening nut 2 matches the screw in to bolt 1 with the first screw thread 11 of bolt 1, locking gasket 3 suit is on bolt 1, the internal thread of locking nut 4 matches the screw in to bolt 1 with the second screw thread 12 of bolt 1 on, and on tight or the top of jacking locking gasket 3, because locking nut 4 and fastening nut 2's screw in opposite direction, fastening nut 2's the orientation of screwing in is locking nut 4, thereby utilize locking nut 4 to restrict fastening nut 2 pine and move back. However, the locknut 4 may be loosened due to severe vibration of the fastened device, and the like, and thus complete locking cannot be achieved.

In order to achieve the effect of complete looseness prevention, the anti-rotation groove 21 is arranged on the fastening nut 2, the anti-rotation lug 32 is arranged on the anti-rotation gasket 3, and the anti-rotation lug 32 is matched with the anti-rotation groove 21 to play an anti-rotation role and limit the relative rotation of the anti-rotation gasket 3 and the fastening nut 2; after the locknut 4 is screwed in place, the first ratchet structure 41 on the end surface of the locknut 4 is matched with the second ratchet structure 31 on the end surface of the lockwasher 3 to play a role in stopping rotation and limit the locknut 4 from loosening along the loosening direction, so that even if the fastened equipment generates severe vibration, due to the rotation stopping effect of the first ratchet structure 41 and the second ratchet structure 31, the rotation stopping lug 32 and the rotation stopping groove 21 play a role in stopping rotation, the locknut 4 cannot loosen along the loosening direction, and the effect of complete looseness prevention is achieved; when the locking fastening assembly that takes off is dismantled to needs, only need deviate from in the spline recess 21 of fastening nut 2 with the spline lug 32 of check washer 3, just can be rotatory along the unscrewing direction of check nut 4 simultaneously with check washer 3 and check nut 4 to pull down check washer 3 and check nut 4 simultaneously, pull down fastening nut 2 then, thereby realize the function of dismantling of locking fastening assembly that takes off. The utility model discloses an anti-loosening fastening assembly reasonable in design, simple structure, fastening performance is good, easy dismounting.

In addition, because bolt 1 adopts the two-way screw thread that interlocks each other, consequently to the equipment of being fastened of different thickness, locknut 4 homoenergetic is twisted the position of tight or top locking gasket 3, ensure the cooperation of first ratchet structure 41 and second ratchet structure 31, and then reach complete locking effect, the suitability of locking fastening components that takes off has been improved, and compare in the scheme that sets up big footpath section and little footpath section on bolt 1 and compare, can effectively guarantee bolt 1's structural strength, thereby guarantee the joint strength when adopting this locking fastening components that takes off to connect or fixed equipment, moreover, the steam generator is simple in structure, joint strength is high, locking taking off is effectual.

For better understanding, the first ratchet structure 41 and the second ratchet structure 31 are axially similar to a crown of a bevel gear, and have a normal section similar to ratchet teeth of a ratchet wheel, and the cross section of the ratchet structures is a triangular ratchet-shaped groove.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2, the first ratchet structure 41 includes a plurality of first ratchets 411 circumferentially arranged on the end surface of the locknut 4, and the second ratchet structure 31 includes a plurality of second ratchets 311 circumferentially arranged on the end surface of the lock washer 3, and the plurality of second ratchets 311 are used for fastening with the plurality of first ratchets 411 in a one-to-one correspondence manner. Through setting up a plurality of first ratchets 411 of matched with and second ratchet 311, both can improve the precision that locknut 4 screwed for locknut 4 presses close to lockwasher 3 as far as possible in order to reach the effect that good restriction fastening nut 2 pine moved back, can improve the equilibrium of the fitting surface atress of locknut 4 and lockwasher 3 again, improves the utility model discloses an anti-loosening fastening components's structural strength.

Further, as shown in fig. 2, a first ratchet-shaped groove 412 matched with the shape of the second ratchet 311 is formed between two adjacent first ratchet teeth 411, and a plurality of second ratchet teeth 311 are correspondingly inserted into the plurality of first ratchet-shaped grooves 412; a second ratchet groove 312 matched with the first ratchet 411 in shape is formed between two adjacent second ratchet teeth 311, and a plurality of first ratchet teeth 411 are correspondingly inserted into the plurality of second ratchet grooves 312. Therefore, the matching precision of the anti-loosening gasket 3 and the anti-loosening nut 4 can be ensured, a good rotation stopping effect is achieved, and the anti-loosening nut 4 is prevented from rotating.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, each of the first ratchet teeth 411 includes a first guide surface 413 and a first fastening surface 414, the first fastening surface 414 is located forward of the first guide surface 413 in the loosening direction of the locknut 4, and an inclination angle α 1 of the first guide surface 413 with respect to the end surface of the locknut 4 is smaller than an inclination angle β 1 of the first fastening surface 414 with respect to the end surface of the locknut 4, that is, α 1 < β 1; accordingly, each second ratchet 311 includes a second guide surface 313 and a second fastening surface 314, the second fastening surface 314 is located ahead of the second guide surface 313 in the fastening direction of the locknut 4, and an inclination angle α 2 of the second guide surface 313 with respect to the end surface of the lockwasher 3 is smaller than an inclination angle β 2 of the second fastening surface 314 with respect to the end surface of the lockwasher 3, that is, α 2 < β 2, preferably, α 1 ═ α 2, and β 1 ═ β 2.

It should be noted that the specific dimensions of the first ratchet 411 and the second ratchet 311 can be reasonably designed according to actual needs, and the parameters such as the tooth height and the inclination angle of the first ratchet 411 and the second ratchet 311 are related to the fastening anti-loose effect, and in order to achieve a better anti-loose effect, the tooth height of the ratchet can be increased appropriately to achieve the purpose.

As shown in fig. 1, 6 and 7, the anti-loose pad 3 is provided with two rotation stopping lugs 32, and the two rotation stopping lugs 32 can be deformed oppositely or oppositely under the action of external force, so that the rotation stopping lugs 32 are buckled with or separated from the rotation stopping grooves 21. Specifically, the anti-loose gasket 3 may be made of a relatively thin metal material, so that the anti-loose gasket 3 can deform under the action of an external force, and the rotation-stopping lugs 32 can be pulled out of the rotation-stopping grooves 21 by breaking the two rotation-stopping lugs 32 to two sides; the snap-fit of the rotation stop lug 32 at the rotation stop groove 21 is achieved by applying diametrically opposite pressing forces to the two rotation stop lugs 32.

Further, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the rotation stopping lug 32 protrudes from an end surface of the anti-loose washer 3 facing away from the second ratchet structure 31, and a side of the rotation stopping lug 32 facing the fastening nut 2 has a protruding buckling portion 321, and the buckling portion 321 is used for buckling with the rotation stopping groove 21. The protruding fastening portion 321 is provided to ensure the fastening firmness of the rotation stop lug 32 and the rotation stop groove 21. Preferably, the rotation stopping lug 32 is integrally formed with the anti-loose pad 3, and of course, the rotation stopping lug 32 may also be fixedly connected to the edge of the anti-loose pad 3 by welding or the like.

Of course, two parallel slits may be cut at the edge of the conventional anti-loose gasket, the rotation stopping lug 32 is formed by bending the portion between the two slits to the side facing the fastening nut 2 (as shown in fig. 10 and 11), and the rotation stopping lug 32 is engaged with the rotation stopping groove 21 of the fastening nut 2 to stop rotation, which can also achieve the above purpose, and will not be described again here.

As shown in fig. 1, 4 and 5, the outer side surface of the fastening nut 2 is provided with a plurality of rotation stopping grooves 21 along the circumferential direction, and the plurality of rotation stopping grooves 21 are arranged opposite to each other in pairs. The two rotation stopping lugs 32 on the anti-loosening gasket 3 can be respectively buckled in any two rotation stopping grooves 21 which are oppositely arranged, so that the assembly of the anti-loosening gasket 3 is more convenient.

As shown in fig. 1 and 4, an outer side surface of one end of the fastening nut 2 is provided with a rotation stop groove 21, and one end of the fastening nut 2, which is opposite to the anti-loose washer 3, is of a straight structure. Specifically, the end of the clamping nut 2 facing away from the locking washer 3 corresponds to the end structure of a conventional nut, which is screwed in towards the head of the bolt 1 and cooperates with the head of the bolt 1 to clamp the

devices

5 and 6 to be clamped.

As shown in fig. 1 and 8, a second ratchet structure 31 is provided on an end surface of one end of the locknut 4, and the other end of the locknut 4 is a straight structure. Specifically, the other end of the locknut 4 is consistent with the end structure of a common nut, and the other end of the locknut 4 is not required to be matched with other parts and is processed into a straight structure, so that the locknut 4 is convenient to process.

As shown in fig. 5 and 9, the cross-sectional shapes of the fastening nut 2 and the locknut 4 are both regular polygons. Specifically, the cross-sectional shapes of the fastening nut 2 and the locknut 4 may be four corners, five corners, hexagonal or other shapes that facilitate the screwing operation of a tool such as a wrench. Preferably, the cross-sectional dimensions of the fastening nut 2 and the locknut 4 are the same.

In some embodiments, the anti-loose fastening assembly of the present invention further comprises a first washer and a second washer, which are disposed between the head of the bolt 1 and the fastening nut 2. Specifically, a first washer is provided between the fastened

devices

5, 6 and the head of the bolt 1, and a second washer is provided between the fastened

devices

5, 6 and the fastening nut 2, so that the fastening assembly and the fastened

devices

5, 6 are prevented from being worn and loosened. The number of shims may be increased or decreased repeatedly, as desired.

As shown in fig. 3, a connecting portion between the screw shaft and the bolt head of the bolt 1 is provided with a tapered rotation preventing rib 13, the rotation preventing rib 13 is connected between an end surface of the bolt head facing the screw shaft and an outer side surface of the screw shaft, and a cross-sectional shape of the rotation preventing rib 13 in the axial direction is preferably a triangle or a triangle-like shape. The rotation stopping rib 13 is inserted into a threaded hole of the fastened equipment 6 to be in interference fit with the threaded hole, the bolt 1 is limited to rotate relative to the fastened

equipment

5 and 6, and the rotation stopping effect is achieved. Specifically, the number of the rotation stopping ribs 13 is at least two, and at least two rotation stopping ribs 13 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the bolt 1. Preferably, the number of the rotation stopping ribs 13 is two, and the two rotation stopping ribs 13 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the screw.

The anti-loosening fastening assembly provided by the embodiment of the utility model has the advantages that the anti-loosening gasket is additionally arranged between the fastening nut and the anti-loosening nut, the anti-loosening lug of the anti-loosening gasket is matched with the anti-loosening groove of the fastening nut, and the first ratchet structure on the end surface of the anti-loosening nut is matched with the second ratchet structure on the end surface of the anti-loosening gasket, so that the anti-loosening effect is achieved, and the anti-loosening nut is limited to be loosened along the loosening direction; when the locking fastening assembly that takes off is dismantled to needs, only need exert external force to the lock washer and make the spline lug deviate from the spline recess, just can pull down locknut and locknut simultaneously, pull down fastening nut then to realize locking fastening assembly's the function of dismantling that takes off.

The above description is only exemplary of the invention, and is intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand and implement the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. The anti-loosening fastening assembly is characterized by comprising a bolt (1), a fastening nut (2), a check washer (3) and a check nut (4), wherein a first thread (11) and a second thread (12) which are mutually staggered and have opposite screwing directions are arranged on the bolt (1), the thread of the fastening nut (2) is matched with the first thread (11), the thread of the check nut (4) is matched with the second thread (12), and the check washer (3) is arranged between the fastening nut (2) and the check nut (4);

a first ratchet structure (41) is arranged on one end face of the locknut (4), a second ratchet structure (31) is arranged on one end face of the lockwasher (3), and the first ratchet structure (41) is used for being fastened with the second ratchet structure (31) in the loosening direction of the locknut (4);

the outer side face of the fastening nut (2) is provided with a rotation stopping groove (21), the anti-loosening gasket (3) is provided with a rotation stopping lug (32), and the rotation stopping lug (32) can be buckled with or separated from the rotation stopping groove (21).

2. The loosening-prevention fastening assembly according to claim 1, wherein the first ratchet structure (41) comprises a plurality of first ratchets (411) sequentially arranged on the end surface of the locknut (4) along the circumferential direction, the second ratchet structure (31) comprises a plurality of second ratchets (311) sequentially arranged on the end surface of the lock washer (3) along the circumferential direction, and the plurality of second ratchets (311) are used for fastening with the plurality of first ratchets (411) in a one-to-one correspondence manner.

3. The anti-loose fastening assembly as claimed in claim 2, wherein a first ratchet groove (412) matched with the second ratchet (311) in shape is formed between two adjacent first ratchet teeth (411), a plurality of second ratchet teeth (311) are correspondingly inserted into the plurality of first ratchet grooves (412);

a second ratchet-shaped groove (312) matched with the first ratchet (411) in shape is formed between two adjacent second ratchet teeth (311), and a plurality of first ratchet teeth (411) are correspondingly inserted into the plurality of second ratchet-shaped grooves (312).

4. The anti-loosening fastening assembly according to claim 2, wherein each of the first ratchet teeth (411) includes a first guide surface (413) and a first tightening surface (414), the first tightening surface (414) being located forward of the first guide surface (413) in a loosening direction of the locknut (4), an inclination angle of the first guide surface (413) with respect to an end surface of the locknut (4) being smaller than an inclination angle of the first tightening surface (414) with respect to the end surface of the locknut (4).

5. The anti-loosening fastening assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the anti-loosening gasket (3) is provided with two opposite rotation-stopping lugs (32), and the two rotation-stopping lugs (32) can be deformed oppositely or oppositely under the action of external force so as to enable the rotation-stopping lugs (32) to be buckled with or separated from the rotation-stopping grooves (21).

6. The anti-loosening fastening assembly according to claim 5, wherein the rotation-stopping lug (32) protrudes from an end surface of the anti-loosening gasket (3) facing away from the second ratchet structure (31), and a side of the rotation-stopping lug (32) facing the fastening nut (2) is provided with a protruding buckling part (321), and the buckling part (321) is used for buckling with the rotation-stopping groove (21).

7. The anti-loosening fastening assembly according to claim 5, wherein a plurality of rotation-stopping grooves (21) are formed in the outer side surface of the fastening nut (2) along the circumferential direction, and the plurality of rotation-stopping grooves (21) are arranged in a pairwise opposite manner.

8. The anti-loosening fastening assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the end of the fastening nut (2) facing away from the anti-loosening washer (3) is of a straight structure.

9. The anti-loosening fastening assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the connecting portion of the screw rod and the bolt head of the bolt (1) is provided with a wedge-shaped anti-rotation rib (13).

10. The anti-loosening fastening assembly according to claim 9, wherein the number of the anti-rotation ribs (13) is at least two, and at least two anti-rotation ribs (13) are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the bolt (1).