CN213974164U - Electric steering system and electric forklift - Google Patents
Electric steering system and electric forklift Download PDFInfo
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- CN213974164U CN213974164U CN202023303673.4U CN202023303673U CN213974164U CN 213974164 U CN213974164 U CN 213974164U CN 202023303673 U CN202023303673 U CN 202023303673U CN 213974164 U CN213974164 U CN 213974164U
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- Forklifts And Lifting Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model relates to a fork truck technical field, more specifically say, relate to an electric steering system and electric fork truck, electric steering system includes: the steering device comprises a steering wheel assembly, a steering signal sensor, a steering controller and a steering motor, wherein the steering motor is connected with a steering axle assembly through a first reduction gearbox and a second reduction gearbox, and the steering controller is respectively and electrically connected with the steering signal sensor and the steering motor. When the steering wheel assembly rotates, the steering signal sensor sends a steering signal to the steering controller, the steering controller sends a control signal to the steering motor, and the steering motor drives the steering axle assembly to perform steering action through the first reduction gearbox and the second reduction gearbox. The utility model provides an electric steering system, occupation space is littleer, is convenient for arrange, and the navigating mate operation is lighter, and mechanical structure is simple, and stability is better.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a fork truck technical field, more specifically say, relate to an electric steering system and electric fork truck.
Background
The steering system used in the first place on the forklift is a mechanical steering system, which is completely applied to a steering wheel by manpower and then completes steering through a transmission mechanism. Although the mechanical steering system has simple structure, low price and good reliability, the steering is difficult, so the pure mechanical steering system is gradually eliminated on the forklift. In order to solve the problem of labor waste in pure mechanical steering, a hydraulic power steering system and an electric power steering system are gradually applied.
The hydraulic power-assisted steering system utilizes high-pressure oil of a hydraulic pump to enter a hydraulic oil cylinder through a steering gear, and the hydraulic oil pushes a hydraulic piston rod to move left and right so as to drive a steering mechanism to realize steering. The system is greatly improved in the aspect of steering control force, has a reliable and safe structure, and is the most widely applied steering system on the current forklift. However, there are some disadvantages to the hydraulic power steering system: firstly, due to the characteristics of a hydraulic system, as long as the electric forklift has a direction signal after being started, the motor continuously drives the gear pump, so that noise can be continuously generated, the comfort of a driver during operation is reduced, and the energy consumption of the system is also large; secondly, the hydraulic power steering has high requirement on the sealing performance of the system, and the oil leakage problem often occurs due to the change of the oil temperature, so that the whole vehicle and the environment are polluted; thirdly, the hydraulic power steering has certain hysteresis, and the following performance and the sensitivity of the steering are influenced.
The electric power steering system has the action principle that a steering wheel moves to drive a steering pinion to rotate, a torque sensor detects steering torque and transmits the steering torque to a control unit, the control unit calculates power-assisted torque according to comprehensive factors of vehicle conditions and controls the steering and current of a motor, the motor drives a steering mechanism to realize steering through a gear transmission device, and finally the steering torque is the torque and the power-assisted torque applied to the steering wheel by a person. Compared with a hydraulic power-assisted steering system, although parts such as a hydraulic valve, a pipeline, an oil pump and a hydraulic cylinder are omitted in the electric power-assisted steering system, the electric power-assisted steering system comprises a part of mechanical transmission parts, so that a larger space is occupied, and the mechanical transmission parts in the electric power-assisted steering system are difficult to arrange due to the fact that the space of the forklift is tense, so that the overall compactness of the forklift is affected.
It would therefore be desirable to provide a forklift steering system that is lightweight, simple in construction, occupies a small space, and can be easily deployed.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of this, the utility model aims at providing an electric steering system provides whole power of turning to by the motor, and the operation is light, and occupation space is little moreover, convenient the arrangement, simple structure, and stability is good.
Another object of the present invention is to provide an electric forklift having the above electric steering system.
In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a following technical scheme:
an electric steering system comprising:
a steering wheel assembly;
a steering signal sensor connected to the steering wheel assembly for detecting a steering signal of the steering wheel assembly;
the steering motor is connected with the steering axle assembly through the first reduction gearbox and the second reduction gearbox and used for driving the steering axle assembly;
and the steering controller is respectively electrically connected with the steering signal sensor and the steering motor and is used for sending a control signal to the steering motor.
Preferably, the second reduction gearbox is further provided with an angle sensor for detecting the rotation angle of the output shaft of the second reduction gearbox, the signal output end of the angle sensor is electrically connected with a walking controller for controlling a walking motor, and the signal output end of the walking controller is electrically connected with the walking motor.
Preferably, the steer axle assembly comprises a connecting rod, a drive plate, a tie rod, a steering arm and a wheel; the connecting rod is connected with the output shaft of the second reduction gearbox; the driving plate is fixedly connected with the connecting rod, and the connecting rod can drive the driving plate to horizontally rotate; the pull rod is hinged with the driving plate, and the driving plate drives the pull rod to move horizontally when rotating horizontally; the wheels are hinged with the pull rod through the steering arms, and the pull rod drives the wheels to steer through the steering arms.
Preferably, the driving plate is provided with a left hinge point and a right hinge point, the pull rod comprises a left pull rod for driving a left wheel and a right pull rod for driving a right wheel, the left pull rod is hinged with the driving plate through the right hinge point, and the right pull rod is hinged with the driving plate through the left hinge point.
Preferably, the left and right tie rods are located at both sides of the driving plate, respectively.
Preferably, the steering axle assembly further comprises an upper base plate and a lower base plate, the driving plate and the pull rod are located between the upper base plate and the lower base plate, and the second reduction gearbox is arranged above the upper base plate.
An electric forklift comprises the electric steering system.
The utility model provides an electric steering system, include: the steering motor is connected with the steering axle assembly through a first reduction gearbox and a second reduction gearbox, and the steering controller is respectively electrically connected with the steering signal sensor and the steering motor. When the steering wheel assembly rotates, the steering signal sensor sends a steering signal of the steering wheel assembly to the steering controller, the steering controller obtains a control signal according to the steering signal and sends the control signal to the steering motor, and the steering motor drives the steering axle assembly to perform steering action through the first reduction gearbox and the second reduction gearbox. The utility model provides an electric steering system has saved electric power steering system's mechanical transmission part, and occupation space is littleer, is convenient for arrange, more is favorable to fork truck's overall structure design, and the power of turning to is whole to be provided by turning to the motor moreover, and the navigating mate operation is lighter more, and mechanical structure is simple, and stability is better.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an electric steering system of a forklift truck according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a steering control of a forklift according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a steering axle assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals: 10-a steering wheel assembly, 11-a steering column, 20-a steering signal sensor, 30-a steering controller, 40-a steering motor, 50-a steering axle assembly, 51-a connecting rod, 52-a driving plate, 521-a left hinge point, 522-a right hinge point, 53-a left pull rod, 54-a right pull rod, 55-a steering arm, 56-a left wheel, 57-a right wheel, 58-an upper bottom plate, 59-a lower bottom plate, 60-a first reduction gearbox, 70-a second reduction gearbox, 80-a walking controller, 90-an angle sensor and 100-a walking motor.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electric steering system of a forklift truck according to an embodiment of the present invention; fig. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a steering control of a forklift according to an embodiment of the present invention; fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a steering axle assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, an electric steering system includes a steering wheel assembly 10, a steering signal sensor 20, a steering controller 30, and a steering motor 40.
The steering column 11 is fixedly connected to the lower middle part of the steering wheel assembly 10, and when the steering wheel assembly 10 rotates, the steering column 11 is driven to rotate synchronously. The steering wheel assembly 10 is generally circular, but may be other suitable shapes, such as a lever disposed on the circular ring of the steering wheel assembly 10 for the convenience of the driver.
The turn signal sensor 20 is connected to the steering wheel assembly 10 and collects a turn signal when the steering wheel assembly 10 is rotated. The steering signal may be a direction, speed, and angle of rotation of the steering wheel assembly 10. After the steering signal sensor 20 collects the steering signal, the steering signal is transmitted to the steering controller 30 and further processed by the steering controller 30. The steering signal sensor 20 may be any of various existing mechanical and photoelectric sensors, in this embodiment, the steering signal sensor 20 is a torque sensor, the torque sensor is connected to the steering column 11, and the corresponding parameters of the steering wheel assembly 10 are obtained by detecting parameters such as a rotation direction, a speed, and an angle of the steering column 11.
The steering controller 30 is electrically connected to the steering signal sensor 20 and the steering motor 40, respectively, through a wire harness. After receiving the steering signal, the steering controller 30 calculates to obtain a corresponding control signal, and controls the steering motor 40 according to the control signal. The control signal may be a current, voltage, or the like signal.
The steering motor 40 is electrically connected to the steering controller 30 through a wire harness, receives a control signal, and is connected to the steer axle assembly 50 to drive the steer axle assembly 50 to perform a steering operation. In this embodiment, the steering motor 40 is connected to the steering axle assembly 50 through a first reduction gearbox 60 and a second reduction gearbox 70. Specifically, the output shaft of the steering motor 40 is connected with the input shaft of the first reduction gearbox 60, the output shaft of the first reduction gearbox 60 is connected with the input shaft of the second reduction gearbox 70, and the output shaft of the second reduction gearbox 70 is connected with the steering axle assembly 50.
At present, the common connection mode of the steering motor 40 and the steering axle assembly 50 is as follows: the output shaft of the steering motor 40 is connected to the steering wheel shaft through a gear. Compared with the common connection mode, in the embodiment, the steering motor 40 is connected with the steering axle assembly 50 through the first reduction gearbox 60 and the second reduction gearbox 70, on one hand, a larger speed ratio can be obtained, so that the torque and the power of the steering motor are reduced, the volumes of the steering motor and the steering axle assembly are smaller, the arrangement is convenient, on the other hand, the steering motor can be in a relatively high rotating speed during working, and the efficiency of the steering motor is improved.
In this embodiment, the electric steering system further includes a travel controller 80 and an angle sensor 90. The angle sensor 90 is disposed above the second reduction gearbox 70 and is used for detecting the rotation angle of the output shaft of the second reduction gearbox 70. The walking controller 80 is electrically connected with the angle sensor 90 and the walking motor 100 through a wire harness, the angle sensor 90 transmits collected rotation angle data to the walking controller 80, and the walking controller 80 obtains rotation angle parameters of wheels through calculation so as to control the walking motor 100.
As shown in fig. 2, in the electric steering control method for the forklift, when a driver rotates a steering wheel assembly 10, an input shaft of a torque sensor is driven to rotate, the torque sensor is connected with a steering controller 30 through a wire harness, the torque sensor outputs signal parameters of direction, speed and angle to the steering controller 30, the steering controller 30 controls the rotating direction, rotating speed and torque of a steering motor 40 through calculation, and the steering motor 40 drives a steering axle assembly 50 through a first reduction gearbox 60 and a second reduction gearbox 70 to realize steering; meanwhile, the angle sensor 90 located above the second reduction gearbox 70 collects the rotation angle of the output shaft of the second reduction gearbox 70 to the walking controller 80, and the walking controller 80 obtains the rotation angle parameter of the wheel through calculation, so as to control the walking motor 100. The electric steering control method for the forklift in the embodiment can be applied to a front double-drive electric forklift or a front single-drive electric forklift. If the controller is applied to the front double-drive electric forklift, the walking controller 80 controls the walking motor 100 to realize the functions of differential speed and turning speed reduction, and if the controller is applied to the front single-drive electric forklift, the walking controller 80 controls the walking motor 100 to realize the functions of turning speed reduction.
The electric steering system in this embodiment is applicable to both a four-pivot forklift and a three-pivot forklift. As shown in fig. 3, in the present embodiment, the forklift is a four-fulcrum forklift.
Specifically, the steer axle assembly 50 includes a connecting rod 51, a drive plate 52, a tie rod, a steering arm 55, and wheels. The connecting rod 51 is connected with an output shaft of the second reduction gearbox 70, the driving plate 52 is fixedly connected with the connecting rod 51, and the connecting rod 51 can drive the driving plate 52 to horizontally rotate. The pull rod is hinged with the driving plate 52, and the driving plate 52 drives the pull rod to move horizontally when rotating horizontally. The wheels are hinged with the pull rod through a steering arm 55, and the pull rod drives the wheels to steer through the steering arm 55.
The existing steering axle structure has a large error of a rotation angle, and when the steering axle structure is steered, a pure rolling movement mode of a tire cannot be realized, so that the tire is greatly abraded, and the service life of the tire is influenced.
In order to solve the above problem, in the present embodiment, the steering axle structure is further improved on the basis that the steering motor 40 is connected to the steering axle assembly 50 through the first reduction gearbox 60 and the second reduction gearbox 70. On the basis of increasing the speed ratio, the steering axle structure is improved, the rotation angle error is reduced as much as possible, and the wheels move in a pure rolling mode as much as possible during turning, so that the tire wear is reduced, the service life of the tire is prolonged, and the energy consumption of the whole vehicle is reduced.
In this embodiment, a left hinge point 521 and a right hinge point 522 are provided on the driving plate 52, and the tie rods further include a left tie rod 53 driving the left wheel 56 and a right tie rod 54 driving the right wheel 57. The left link 53 is hinged to the driving plate 52 through a right hinge point 522, and the right link 54 is hinged to the driving plate 52 through a left hinge point 521. Through the structural improvement, the movement mode of the wheels on two sides can be closer to pure rolling when the wheels turn.
Further, since the left pull rod 53 is connected to the right hinge point 522 and the right pull rod 54 is connected to the left hinge point 521, a certain interference may occur between the left pull rod 53 and the right pull rod 54 during the movement. In order to prevent the left and right tie rods 53 and 54 from interfering with each other, in the present embodiment, the left tie rod 53 is provided below the driving plate 52, and the right tie rod 54 is provided above the driving plate 52, i.e., the left and right tie rods 53 and 54 are respectively provided on both sides of the driving plate 52, so that the mutual interference is easily prevented.
In this embodiment, the steer axle assembly 50 further includes an upper plate 58 and a lower plate 59. The drive plate 52 and the tie rods are located between the upper and lower base plates 58, 59, and the second reduction gearbox 70 is located above the upper base plate 58. The upper bottom plate 58 not only supports the second reduction box 70, but also the upper bottom plate 58 and the lower bottom plate 59 can protect the driving plate 52, the pull rod and other mechanisms to a certain extent.
The utility model also provides an electric fork-lift, including aforementioned electric steering system, fork-lift overall structure is compacter, and stability is better, and it is more laborsaving to turn to the operation.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (7)
1. An electric steering system, comprising:
a steering wheel assembly (10);
a steering signal sensor (20) connected to the steering wheel assembly (10) for detecting a steering signal of the steering wheel assembly (10);
a steering motor (40) which is connected with the steering axle assembly (50) through a first reduction gearbox (60) and a second reduction gearbox (70) and is used for driving the steering axle assembly (50);
and the steering controller (30) is respectively electrically connected with the steering signal sensor (20) and the steering motor (40) and is used for sending a control signal to the steering motor (40).
2. The electric steering system according to claim 1, wherein the second reduction gearbox (70) is further provided with an angle sensor (90) for detecting a rotation angle of an output shaft of the second reduction gearbox (70), a signal output end of the angle sensor (90) is electrically connected with a walking controller (80) for controlling a walking motor (100), and a signal output end of the walking controller (80) is electrically connected with the walking motor (100).
3. The electric steering system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the steering axle assembly (50) includes a connecting rod (51), a drive plate (52), a tie rod, a steering arm (55), and wheels; the connecting rod (51) is connected with an output shaft of the second reduction gearbox (70); the driving plate (52) is fixedly connected with the connecting rod (51), and the connecting rod (51) can drive the driving plate (52) to horizontally rotate; the pull rod is hinged with the driving plate (52), and the driving plate (52) drives the pull rod to move horizontally when rotating horizontally; the wheels are hinged with the pull rod through the steering arms (55), and the pull rod drives the wheels to steer through the steering arms (55).
4. The electric steering system according to claim 3, wherein the drive plate (52) is provided with a left hinge point (521) and a right hinge point (522), the tie rods including a left tie rod (53) driving a left wheel (56) and a right tie rod (54) driving a right wheel (57), the left tie rod (53) being hinged to the drive plate (52) through the right hinge point (522), the right tie rod (54) being hinged to the drive plate (52) through the left hinge point (521).
5. The electric steering system according to claim 4, wherein the left tie rod (53) and the right tie rod (54) are respectively located on both sides of the drive plate (52).
6. The electric steering system according to claim 3, wherein the steering axle assembly (50) further comprises an upper base plate (58) and a lower base plate (59), the drive plate (52) and the tie rod being located between the upper base plate (58) and the lower base plate (59), the second reduction gearbox (70) being provided above the upper base plate (58).
7. An electric forklift, characterized in that the forklift includes an electric steering system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202023303673.4U CN213974164U (en) | 2020-12-30 | 2020-12-30 | Electric steering system and electric forklift |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202023303673.4U CN213974164U (en) | 2020-12-30 | 2020-12-30 | Electric steering system and electric forklift |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN213974164U true CN213974164U (en) | 2021-08-17 |
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| CN202023303673.4U Active CN213974164U (en) | 2020-12-30 | 2020-12-30 | Electric steering system and electric forklift |
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| CN (1) | CN213974164U (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112606900A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-04-06 | 杭叉集团股份有限公司 | Electric steering system, steering control method and electric forklift |
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2020
- 2020-12-30 CN CN202023303673.4U patent/CN213974164U/en active Active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112606900A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-04-06 | 杭叉集团股份有限公司 | Electric steering system, steering control method and electric forklift |
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