CN213965952U - Tail gas treatment system - Google Patents
Tail gas treatment system Download PDFInfo
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- CN213965952U CN213965952U CN202022095249.9U CN202022095249U CN213965952U CN 213965952 U CN213965952 U CN 213965952U CN 202022095249 U CN202022095249 U CN 202022095249U CN 213965952 U CN213965952 U CN 213965952U
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Abstract
A tail gas treatment system comprises a tail gas temperature control power generation section, an electrostatic dust removal section, an ionization section and a mixed air oxygenation section; the tail gas temperature control power generation section controls the temperature of the tail gas within a certain temperature range and is communicated with the electrostatic dust removal section through fluid; the electrostatic dust removal section at least removes particles in the tail gas and is communicated with the ionization section in a fluid mode, the ionization section comprises a plurality of electric field ionization units, and the electric field ionization units form an electric field and ionize gas; the mixed air oxygenation section is in fluid communication with the ionization section and introduces fresh air to the field ionization unit. The utility model discloses a simple effective low energy consumption's technology solves the problem that existing tail gas treatment such as denitration exists.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to gaseous control field, concretely relates to tail gas treatment system.
Background
The combustion process can generate a large amount of nitrogen-oxygen compounds, commonly called nitre, mainly because nitrogen in air is oxidized due to the high temperature of the thermodynamic effect, through measurement and calculation, 200 mg/cubic meter of nitre can be generated at the combustion temperature of 1250 ℃, 1400 mg/cubic meter of nitre can be generated at the combustion temperature of 1600 ℃, and the main generation mechanism of the nitre is the oxidation of the thermodynamic effect. And the other part of the fuel is that the fuel contains nitrogen to participate in oxidation, and the fuel oil or other forms of the coal containing nitrogen are oxidized and released in the combustion process. The nitric oxide accounts for more than 95 percent, and about 5 percent of nitrogen dioxide. They are collectively referred to as nitroxides. I.e. nitre.
The nitrate is discharged in the atmosphere, a photoelectrochemical reaction is generated, atmospheric pollution is generated, and haze and greenhouse effect are aggravated. The low-altitude ozone layer is seriously damaged, so that useful ultraviolet rays cannot reach the ground, the capability of the plants for synthesizing carbohydrate is reduced, the inheritance of seeds is mutated, and the sugar content and the quality of crops are seriously influenced. Leading to agricultural yield reduction and breaking ecological balance.
Denitration is an important ring for current tail gas pollution treatment, and tail gas denitration is realized by an ammonia non-selective denitration technology, an ammonia selective catalytic reduction denitration technology and the like.
The denitration by using ammonia as an oxidation reducing agent has the problems of low efficiency, difficult storage and transportation, low efficiency and the like, and the selective catalytic reduction technology introduced with the catalyst and urea pyrolysis technology also has the problems of high use cost, high reaction temperature, huge energy consumption, secondary pollution of the catalyst and the reducing agent and the like.
For the engine tail gas selective catalytic denitration technology which is popularized and applied at present, the problems of carrying of urea solution and vehicle-mounted catalyst, requirement of accurate regulation and control of spraying and low efficiency exist, the use cost is high directly caused by the problems, and the urea solution crystallization problem causes storage and transportation of only less than 45% of solution, so that the volume is large; the urea pyrolysis ammonia needs the temperature of above 850 ℃, so that the selection of the injection position and the temperature is increased, and the urea pyrolysis ammonia cannot be completely adapted to the change working condition of an engine; other components in the tail gas of the engine contain hydrocarbon substances, so that the catalyst is easy to block in the coking of the catalyst, and the catalyst is quick to lose efficacy; the reaction temperature of the catalyst is about 400 ℃, and in order to ensure the reaction temperature, the engine needs to burn more fuel oil, thereby causing energy waste.
Current engine exhaust gas components contain, in addition to nitrogen oxides: carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrocarbons (VOCs), residual oxygen, nitrogen and the like, wherein the emission of nitric oxides, namely nitric oxide, carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons, namely VOCs, all cause air pollution, and purification treatment is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims at providing a tail gas treatment system adopts the simple effective low energy consumption's technology to solve the problem that tail gas treatment such as existing denitration exists. The utility model discloses some embodiments can reduce fuel consumption, can reduce reaction temperature, get rid of denitration agent urea, get rid of catalyst noble metal honeycomb body; the utility model has no secondary preparation and use pollution, and avoids secondary preparation energy consumption and pollution of the denitrifier, the catalyst and the escaping product; can realize high-efficiency low-cost denitration, and simultaneously purify pollutants such as hydrocarbons and/or carbon monoxide in tail gas.
The utility model provides a tail gas treatment system, include: a tail gas temperature control power generation section, an electrostatic dust removal section, an ionization section and a mixed air oxygenation section; the tail gas temperature control power generation section controls the temperature of the tail gas within a certain temperature range and is communicated with the electrostatic dust removal section through fluid; the electrostatic dust removal section at least removes particles in the tail gas and is communicated with the ionization section in a fluid mode, the ionization section comprises a plurality of electric field ionization units, and the electric field ionization units form an electric field and ionize gas; the mixed air oxygenation section is in fluid communication with the ionization section and introduces fresh air to the field ionization unit.
Further, the tail gas temperature control power generation section comprises a pipeline with enough length, and the temperature of the tail gas is controlled at a certain temperature.
Further, the tail gas temperature control power generation section also comprises a tail gas temperature reduction device which utilizes tail gas power generation to replace partial tail gas energy to reduce the temperature of the tail gas, and the related technical scheme is disclosed in PCT/CN 2019/112250.
Further, the certain temperature range is 200 ℃ or less, 150 ℃ or less, 100 ℃ or less, or 80 ℃ or less.
Further, the electric field ionization unit comprises a first electrode, and the material of the first electrode includes but is not limited to at least one of aluminum and aluminum alloy.
Further, the aluminum alloy includes, but is not limited to, at least one of aluminum titanium alloy, aluminum magnesium alloy.
Further, the electric field ionization unit further comprises a second electrode, and the material of the second electrode includes but is not limited to at least one of iridium and titanium alloy.
Further, the first electrode is in a hollow tubular shape.
Further, the cross section of the hollow tube of the first electrode is circular or polygonal, and the polygon is a triangle, a quadrangle or a hexagon.
Further, the inner surface of the hollow tube of the first electrode is subjected to oxidation treatment.
Further, the second electrode is arranged in the hollow tube of the first electrode in a penetrating mode.
Further, the electric field formed by the electric field ionization unit may be a dielectric barrier electric field or an electrostatic field.
Further, when the electric field formed by the electric field ionization unit is a dielectric barrier electric field, a barrier dielectric layer is arranged on the outer surface of the second electrode, a gap is formed between the first electrode and the barrier dielectric layer, and a discharge space of the dielectric barrier electric field is formed between the first electrode and the barrier dielectric layer.
Furthermore, the first electrode is in a hollow tubular shape, the second electrode provided with the blocking medium layer is arranged in the hollow tube of the first electrode in a penetrating mode, and a discharge space is formed by a gap between the first electrode and the blocking medium layer.
Further, when the electric field formed by the electric field ionization unit is an electrostatic field, the first electrode is an electric field anode, the second electrode is an electric field cathode, and an electrostatic field is formed between the first electrode and the second electrode.
Further, the voltage of the electric field formed by the electric field ionization unit is 3-9 Kv/cm.
Further, the tail gas treatment system also comprises an online monitoring section, and the oxygen increasing amount of the mixed air oxygenation section and the voltage of the ionization section are dynamically controlled by monitoring tail gas components so as to realize the balance of ionization energy consumption and separation efficiency.
Further, the on-line monitoring section comprises a gas component detection unit for detecting the content of the components in the tail gas treated by the ionization section.
Further, the gas component detection unit is selected from at least one of the following detection units:
the hydrocarbon detection unit is used for detecting the content of hydrocarbons (VOCs) in the tail gas after the ionization section treatment;
the nitrogen oxide detection unit is used for detecting the content of nitrogen oxide in the tail gas after the ionization section treatment;
the carbon monoxide detection unit is used for detecting the content of carbon monoxide in tail gas after the ionization section;
and the ozone detection unit is used for detecting the ozone content in the tail gas after the ionization section treatment.
Further, the online monitoring section also comprises a control unit, and the control unit controls the oxygen amount provided by the air mixing oxygenation section to the electric field ionization unit and/or the voltage of the electric field ionization unit in the ionization section according to the output value of at least one gas component detection unit after the electric field ionization treatment.
The utility model provides a tail gas treatment method, including following step:
A) controlling the temperature of tail gas to be treated within a certain temperature range;
B) enabling the tail gas at a certain temperature to enter an electrostatic dust removal electric field to at least remove particles in the tail gas;
C) introducing fresh air into the electric field ionization unit;
D) and the tail gas enters an electric field ionization unit to remove at least one of hydrocarbon, oxynitride and carbon monoxide.
Further, the step A) also comprises the step of controlling the temperature of the tail gas to be treated below 200 ℃, below 150 ℃, below 100 ℃ or below 80 ℃.
Further, the step D) further includes selecting the electric field ionization unit to include a first electrode, and the material of the first electrode includes, but is not limited to, at least one of aluminum and aluminum alloy.
Further, including selecting the aluminum alloy to include, but not limited to, at least one of an aluminum titanium alloy, an aluminum magnesium alloy.
Further, step D) further includes selecting the electric field ionization unit to further include a second electrode, and the material of the second electrode includes, but is not limited to, at least one of iridium and titanium alloy.
Further, step D) further comprises selecting the first electrode to be in the shape of a hollow tube.
Further, the cross section of the hollow tube of the first electrode is selected to be circular or polygonal, and the polygon is a triangle, a quadrangle or a hexagon.
Further, the inner surface of the hollow tube including the first electrode is selected to be oxidized.
Further, step D) further comprises selecting the second electrode to be disposed through the hollow tube of the first electrode.
Further, the step D) further includes selecting the electric field formed by the electric field ionization unit to be a dielectric blocking electric field or an electrostatic field.
Further, when the electric field formed by the electric field ionization unit is a dielectric barrier electric field, a barrier dielectric layer is arranged on the outer surface of the second electrode, a gap is formed between the first electrode and the barrier dielectric layer, and a discharge space of the dielectric barrier electric field is formed between the first electrode and the barrier dielectric layer.
Furthermore, the first electrode is in a hollow tubular shape, the second electrode provided with the blocking medium layer is arranged in the hollow tube of the first electrode in a penetrating mode, and a discharge space is formed by a gap between the first electrode and the blocking medium layer.
Further, when the electric field formed by the electric field ionization unit is an electrostatic field, the first electrode is an electric field anode, the second electrode is an electric field cathode, and an electrostatic field is formed between the first electrode and the second electrode.
Further, the step D) also comprises selecting the voltage of the electric field formed by the electric field ionization unit to be 3-9 Kv/cm.
Further, the tail gas treatment method further comprises the following steps: the oxygen amount provided to the electric field ionization unit and the voltage of the ionization electric field unit are dynamically controlled by monitoring the tail gas components to realize the balance of ionization energy consumption and desorption efficiency.
Further, the method comprises the following steps: and detecting the content of the tail gas components treated by the electric field ionization unit.
Further, the content of the tail gas components treated by the electric field ionization unit is selected from at least one of the following components:
detecting the content of hydrocarbons in the tail gas treated by the electric field ionization unit;
detecting the content of nitrogen oxides in the tail gas treated by the electric field ionization unit;
detecting the content of carbon monoxide in the tail gas treated by the electric field ionization unit;
and detecting the ozone content in the tail gas treated by the electric field ionization unit.
Further, the oxygen amount provided to the electric field ionization unit and/or the voltage of the electric field ionization unit are controlled according to the output value of at least one of the tail gas component detection units before and after the electric field ionization treatment.
The utility model discloses well "tail gas" includes but is not limited to: diesel engine exhaust, gasoline engine exhaust, and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an exhaust gas treatment system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description is provided for illustrative purposes, and other advantages and features of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description.
It should be understood that the structure, ratio, size and the like shown in the drawings attached to the present specification are only used for matching with the content disclosed in the specification, so as to be known and read by those skilled in the art, and are not used for limiting the limit conditions that the present invention can be implemented, so that the present invention has no technical essential meaning, and any structure modification, ratio relationship change or size adjustment should still fall within the scope that the technical content disclosed in the present invention can cover without affecting the function that the present invention can produce and the purpose that the present invention can achieve. Meanwhile, the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" used in the present specification are for convenience of description, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and changes or adjustments of the relative relationship thereof may be made without substantial technical changes, and the present invention is also regarded as the scope of the present invention. The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Reference throughout this specification to "an example," "one embodiment," or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment. Thus, the appearances of the phrases "in an example," "in one embodiment," or "in an embodiment" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.
According to an aspect of the present invention, an embodiment of the present invention provides a tail gas treatment system, which includes a tail gas temperature control power generation section, an electrostatic dust removal section, an ionization section, and a mixed air oxygenation section; the tail gas temperature control power generation section controls the temperature of the tail gas within a certain temperature range and is communicated with the electrostatic dust removal section through fluid; the electrostatic dust removal section at least removes particles in the tail gas and is communicated with the ionization section in a fluid mode, the ionization section comprises a plurality of electric field ionization units, and the electric field ionization units form an electric field and ionize gas; the mixed air oxygenation section is in fluid communication with the ionization section and introduces fresh air to the field ionization unit.
The utility model relates to an embodiment, tail gas accuse temperature electricity generation section includes that sufficient length's pipeline is at the uniform temperature with tail gas temperature control.
The utility model discloses an in the embodiment, tail gas accuse temperature electricity generation section still includes utilizes the tail gas electricity generation to change partial tail gas energy and reduce the tail gas temperature, and relevant technical scheme sees the tail gas heat sink in PCT/CN 2019/112250.
In an embodiment of the present invention, controlling the temperature of the exhaust gas at a certain temperature includes controlling the temperature of the exhaust gas below 200 ℃, below 150 ℃, below 100 ℃ or below 80 ℃.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the electric field ionization unit includes a first electrode, and the material of the first electrode includes but is not limited to aluminum or aluminum alloy. The aluminum alloy includes, but is not limited to, at least one of aluminum-titanium alloy and aluminum-magnesium alloy. In some embodiments, the electric field ionization unit further comprises a second electrode, and the material of the second electrode includes but is not limited to iridium or titanium alloy.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the first electrode is in a hollow tubular shape, and may include one or more first electrodes disposed in parallel, and the plurality of first electrodes are formed in a honeycomb shape. In an embodiment of the present invention, the cross-section of the hollow tube of the first electrode is circular or polygonal, and the polygon is a triangle, a quadrangle, or a hexagon (honeycomb).
In an embodiment of the present invention, the hollow tube of the first electrode is made of at least one of aluminum and aluminum alloy, and the inner surface thereof is oxidized to prevent the ozone generated in the ionizing electric field from corroding.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the second electrode is disposed through the hollow tube of the first electrode.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the electric field formed by the electric field ionization unit may be a dielectric barrier electric field or an electrostatic field.
The utility model discloses an in the embodiment, work as when the electric field that electric field ionization unit formed blocks the electric field for the medium the second electrode surface is equipped with and blocks the dielectric layer, first electrode with block and be equipped with the clearance between the medium, first electrode and block and form the discharge space that the medium blockked the electric field between the dielectric layer.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the first electrode is in a hollow tubular shape, the second electrode provided with the blocking dielectric layer is disposed through the hollow tube of the first electrode, and the first electrode and the space between the blocking dielectric layers form a discharge space.
In an embodiment of the present invention, when the electric field formed by the electric field ionization unit is an electrostatic field, the first electrode is an electric field anode, the second electrode is an electric field cathode, and the second electrode is disposed through the hollow tube of the first electrode, the first electrode and the second electrode form an electrostatic field therebetween.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the voltage of the electric field formed by the electric field ionization unit is 3-9Kv/cm, that is, the voltage is greater than or equal to 3Kv/cm and less than or equal to 9Kv/cm, and typical but not limiting voltage values are 3Kv/cm, 3.5Kv/cm, 4Kv/cm, 4.5Kv/cm, 5Kv/cm, 5.5Kv/cm, 6Kv/cm, 6.5Kv/cm, 7Kv/cm, 7.5/8Kv/cm, 8.5Kv/cm or 9 Kv/cm.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the tail gas treatment system includes a mixed air oxygenation section for introducing fresh air into the electric field ionization unit. The oxygen content in tail gas in an ionization electric field is adjusted to ensure that enough oxidant ozone can be generated by ionization.
The utility model relates to an embodiment, tail gas processing system still includes the on-line monitoring section, comes dynamic control through monitoring tail gas component the volume of increasing oxygen of mixed wind oxygenation section with the voltage of ionization section is in order to realize ionization energy consumption and to deviate from efficiency balance.
The utility model relates to an embodiment, the on-line monitoring section includes gaseous component detecting element for detect ionization section processing back tail gas component content.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the gas component detecting unit is selected from at least one of the following detecting units:
the hydrocarbon detection unit (VOCs detection unit) is used for detecting the content of VOCs in the tail gas after the ionization section treatment;
the nitrogen oxide detection unit (NOx detection unit) is used for detecting the content of nitrogen oxide in the tail gas after the ionization section treatment;
the carbon monoxide detection unit (CO detection unit) is used for detecting the content of carbon monoxide in the tail gas after the ionization section treatment;
ozone detecting unit (O)3And the detection unit) is used for detecting the ozone content in the tail gas after the ionization section treatment.
The utility model relates to an embodiment, the control unit is according to at least one the oxygen volume that tail gas component detecting element's output value control mixed wind oxygenation section provided to electric field ionization unit and/or the voltage of electric field ionization unit in the ionization section after ionization section electric field ionization treatment.
The utility model relates to an embodiment, work as VOCs content surpasses certain numerical value in the VOCs detecting element detects electric field ionization processing back tail gas, and the control unit improves the oxygen supply volume of mixing wind oxygenation section and/or the voltage of electric field ionization unit in the ionization section according to this VOCs content output value to make electric field ionization unit produce sufficient ozone, ensure VOCs in the effective oxidation tail gas of ozone. In this embodiment, the fact that the content of VOCs in the tail gas after the electric field ionization treatment exceeds a certain value means that the content of VOCs exceeds 21 mg/cubic meter.
The utility model relates to an embodiment, work as NOx detecting element detects that NOx content exceeds certain numerical value in the tail gas after the electric field ionization processing, and the control unit improves the voltage of electric field ionization unit in the oxygen supply volume of mixing wind oxygenation section and/or the ionization section according to this NOx content output value to make electric field ionization unit produce sufficient ozone, ensure that NOx in the effective oxidation tail gas of ozone. In this embodiment, the NOx content in the exhaust gas after the electric field ionization treatment exceeds a certain value means that the NOx content exceeds 21 mg/cubic meter.
The utility model relates to an embodiment, work as carbon monoxide content surpasses certain numerical value in the CO detecting element detects electric field ionization processing back tail gas, and the control unit improves the voltage of electric field ionization unit in the oxygen supply volume of mixing wind oxygenation section and/or the ionization section according to this carbon monoxide content output value to make electric field ionization unit produce sufficient ozone, ensure that ozone effectively oxidizes carbon monoxide in the tail gas. In this embodiment, the carbon monoxide content in the tail gas after the electric field ionization treatment exceeds a certain value means that the CO content exceeds 210 mg/cubic meter.
The utility model discloses an in the embodiment, work as ozone detecting element detects that ozone content exceeds certain numerical value in the tail gas after the electric field ionization processing, and the control unit reduces the voltage of electric field ionization unit in the oxygen supply volume of mixing wind oxygenation section and/or ionization section according to this ozone content output value. In this embodiment, the ozone content in the tail gas after the electric field ionization treatment exceeds a certain value means that the ozone content exceeds 1 mg/cubic meter.
The utility model discloses a nitrogen oxide concentration, organic hydrocarbon concentration, carbon monoxide concentration, ozone concentration monitoring tail gas component in the monitoring feedback exhaust gas ensure that each pollutant is by ionization oxidation in the tail gas, if there is excessive ozone or nitrogen oxide, organic hydrocarbon, carbon monoxide escape, adjust oxygen increase volume, realize ionization energy consumption and desorption efficiency balance.
According to the second aspect of the present invention, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for treating tail gas, comprising the following steps:
A) controlling the temperature of tail gas to be treated at a certain temperature below 200 ℃, below 150 ℃, below 100 ℃ or below 80 ℃;
B) the gas to be treated enters an electrostatic dust removal electric field to at least remove particles in the tail gas;
C) introducing fresh air into the electric field ionization unit;
D) and the gas to be treated enters an electric field ionization unit to remove at least one of organic macromolecular hydrocarbon, oxynitride and carbon monoxide.
In an embodiment of the present invention, step D) includes: the electric field ionization unit is selected to include a first electrode made of a material including, but not limited to, aluminum or an aluminum alloy. In an embodiment of the present invention, step D) includes: the aluminum alloy is selected to include, but is not limited to, at least one of aluminum titanium alloy and aluminum magnesium alloy.
In an embodiment of the present invention, step D) includes: the electric field ionization unit is further selected to comprise a second electrode, and the material of the second electrode comprises but is not limited to iridium or titanium alloy.
In an embodiment of the present invention, step D) includes: the first electrode is selected to be hollow and tubular. The cross section of the hollow tube of the first electrode is selected to be circular or polygonal, and the polygon is a triangle, a quadrangle or a hexagon (honeycomb shape).
In an embodiment of the present invention, step D) includes: the inner surface of the hollow tube of the first electrode is selected to be oxidized.
In an embodiment of the present invention, step D) includes: and the second electrode is selected to penetrate through the hollow tube of the first electrode.
In an embodiment of the present invention, step D) includes: the electric field formed by the electric field ionization unit can be selected to be a dielectric barrier electric field or an electrostatic field.
In an embodiment of the present invention, step D): when the electric field formed by the electric field ionization unit is a dielectric barrier electric field, a barrier dielectric layer is arranged on the outer surface of the second electrode, a gap is formed between the first electrode and the barrier dielectric layer, and a discharge space of the dielectric barrier electric field is formed between the first electrode and the barrier dielectric layer.
In an embodiment of the present invention, step D): the first electrode is in a hollow tubular shape, the second electrode provided with the blocking dielectric layer penetrates through the hollow tube of the first electrode, and a discharge space is formed by a gap between the first electrode and the blocking dielectric layer.
In an embodiment of the present invention, step D): when the electric field formed by the electric field ionization unit is an electrostatic field, the first electrode is an electric field anode, the second electrode is an electric field cathode, and the electrostatic field is formed between the first electrode and the second electrode.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the method further comprises adding oxygen to the electric field ionization unit. Oxygen can be added by one or more of pure oxygen increasing, external air introducing and compressed air introducing.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the method for treating exhaust gas further includes: the oxygen increasing amount of the mixed air oxygen increasing section and the voltage of the electric field ionization unit are dynamically controlled by monitoring tail gas components to realize the balance of ionization energy consumption and separation efficiency, and gas components to be treated in the tail gas are effectively ionized and oxidized. The gas components to be treated include, but are not limited to: organic hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide.
The utility model discloses an in the embodiment, include: and detecting the content of the tail gas components after the electric field ionization treatment.
The utility model relates to an embodiment, it is selected from following at least one to detect tail gas component content behind electric field ionization treatment:
detecting the content of hydrocarbons (VOCs) in the tail gas after the electric field ionization treatment;
detecting the content of nitrogen oxides in the tail gas after the electric field ionization treatment;
detecting the content of carbon monoxide in the tail gas after the electric field ionization treatment;
and detecting the ozone content in the tail gas after the electric field ionization treatment.
The utility model discloses an in the embodiment, according to at least one the electric field ionization unit's voltage in the oxygen volume that electric field ionization unit provided and/or ionization section is mixed in electric field ionization unit's output value control after the electric field ionization treatment tail gas component detecting element.
The utility model discloses certain embodiment cools down the back to tail gas, carries out electrostatic precipitator with tail gas and handles, gets rid of particulate matter in the tail gas, ensures the clean of follow-up ionization section.
The utility model discloses certain embodiment carries out oxygenation to the tail gas behind the electrostatic field dust removal, mainly realizes through the way of mixing fresh air, and the component of oxygen in the tail gas is adjusted to the purpose, ensures to ionize and produces sufficient oxidant.
The utility model discloses some embodiments, in electric field ionization unit, at first utilize the ionization characteristic of oxygen, adjust ionization voltage, ensure that oxygen fully ionizes, produce more ozone, utilize the oxidability of ozone, react the hydrocarbon organic matter in the tail gas, carbon monoxide part, nitrogen oxide and fall. The following reactions mainly occur: ionization oxidation reaction under the action of electric field:
(1)O2+ (3-9kve/cmAl catalyzed ionization) ═ O-+O-
In this example, aluminum or aluminum alloy gold was used as the electric field anode to produce a honeycomb hollow anode tube having a rough oxidized inner surface. Iridium or titanium alloy is used as a cathode, a needle plate cathode is made corresponding to the honeycomb tube, and the needle plate cathode is arranged in the anode tube in a penetrating mode to establish an ionization electric field. When oxygen-containing tail gas is introduced into a discharge space of an ionization electric field, 3-9kv/cm high-voltage electricity is applied to the electric field to initiate oxygen ionization, uniform and stable light blue oxygen plasma can be seen, and oxygen in the tail gas is ionized.
(2)O2+O-(Al catalyzed) ═ O3
Because the ionization incomplete region exists in the anode tube, partial oxygen is not completely ionized even though oxygen ions (O) are ionized-) Since there is a possibility of oxygen being recovered, a region where oxygen ions and ozone coexist is formed in the electric field. Because of the use of the aluminum anode, the rapid thermal conductivity characteristic of aluminum acts as a catalyst therein, slowing down the oxygen ion recovery and allowing the oxygen ionization depth to continue to occur. The anode aluminum has no hysteresis characteristics, so that electromagnetic adhesion to an electric field is reduced, and the generation amount of oxygen anions and ozone is increased efficiently.
(3)VOCs+O3＝H2O+CO2
The incompletely oxidized organic macromolecular hydrocarbon inherent in the tail gas can form pollutants in the tail gas, and the pollutants can be oxidized by ozone to generate carbon dioxide and water through an ionization electric field. Wherein the water produced in this step is an essential intermediate for further reactions and is the carrier for the following recovery reactions.
(4)NO+O-＝NO2
Nitric oxide in the tail gas is mainly nitric oxide, the emission proportion of nitric oxide in the tail gas is about 95%, and nitric oxide is mainly treated by oxidation denitration. The nitrogen monoxide is oxidized to nitrogen dioxide under the action of the ionized oxygen ions. Nitrogen dioxide is easily dissolved in water, and in an electric field, water generated after hydrocarbons are oxidized and water contained in tail gas are complexed on the surface of an aluminum anode, so that the following steps occur: 3NO2+H2O＝2HNO3And dissolving nitrogen dioxide in water to form nitric acid, and continuously concentrating the nitric acid on the surface of the anode to form runoff concentrated nitric acid and collecting the runoff concentrated nitric acid in a low-falling mode. NO generated in the process can react with oxygen ions again to generate nitrogen dioxide, and the reaction is circulated so as to obtain effective removal.
(4)CO+O3＝CO2
In an ionization electric field, at least part of carbon monoxide in the tail gas is oxidized into carbon dioxide by ozone, and the carbon dioxide is harmlessly discharged.
The ionization electric field provided by the utility model is to utilize the physical characteristics of 3 electrons on the aluminum outer layer as the anode to establish a high-efficiency electric field and ionize oxygen into oxygen ions with high efficiency; oxidizing the ions and the residual oxygen into ozone; meanwhile, the hydrocarbon macromolecular components are degraded into water and carbon dioxide under the surface complexation catalysis of the aluminum alloy; nitric oxide is oxidized into nitrogen dioxide under the action of oxygen ions; dissolving nitrogen dioxide in water, fully utilizing the catalytic complexation characteristic of the aluminum alloy, accelerating the water-melting reaction of surface water and a catalyst, and collecting nitrate; part of escaped nitric oxide is continuously captured by oxygen ions in a circulating way and is continuously oxidized into nitrogen dioxide; the nitrogen dioxide continues to participate in the above reaction.
It should be noted that the main purpose of the ionization oxidation electric field is to generate more oxidants to deeply oxidize hydrocarbon organic compounds, carbon monoxide and nitric oxide. By selecting the aluminum and aluminum alloy composite catalytic material, the electron adsorption capacity of aluminum is fully utilized, the electromagnetic hysteresis characteristic is avoided, and the rapid heat conduction characteristic is realized, so that the ionization efficiency is higher, and the energy consumption of a catalytic electric field is lower.
The utility model discloses a nitrogen oxide concentration, organic hydrocarbon concentration, carbon monoxide concentration, ozone concentration monitoring tail gas component in the monitoring feedback exhaust gas ensure that each pollutant is by ionization oxidation in the tail gas, if there is excessive ozone or nitrogen oxide, organic hydrocarbon, carbon monoxide escape, adjust oxygen increase volume, realize ionization energy consumption and desorption efficiency balance.
The present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, a schematic structural diagram of an exhaust gas treatment system in the present embodiment is shown, which includes: a tail gas temperature control power generation section 100, an electrostatic dust collection section 200, an ionization section 300, a mixed air oxygenation section 400 and an online monitoring section 500. The tail gas temperature control power generation section 100 is used for controlling the temperature of the tail gas to be below 200 ℃ and is communicated with the electrostatic dust removal section 200 through a pipeline; the electrostatic dust removal section 200 is used for removing at least particulate matters in the tail gas and is communicated with the ionization section 300 through a pipeline; the ionization section 400 comprises a plurality of electric field ionization units, the electric field ionization units are used for forming an electric field and generating gas ionization in the electric field, and the ionization section 400 is communicated with the electrostatic dust removal section through a pipeline; the mixed air oxygenation section 400 is communicated with the ionization section 300 through a pipeline to introduce fresh air into the electric field ionization unit of the ionization section 300.
The tail gas temperature control power generation section 100 is a pipeline with enough length, the tail gas temperature of the engine is reduced to 200 ℃ by conveying the tail gas of the engine through the pipeline with enough length, the cooled tail gas enters the electrostatic dust removal section 200 through the pipeline, particulate matters in the tail gas are removed, and the cleanness of a subsequent ionization section 300 is ensured; and fresh air is introduced into the tail gas after dust removal treatment through the mixed air oxygenation section 400 and then enters the ionization section 300 for ionization and oxidation.
In this embodiment, the electrostatic dust removal section 200 may be an exhaust gas electric field device of PCT/CN2019/112250, or an existing electrostatic dust removal device capable of removing particulate matters.
In this embodiment, the ionization section 300 includes a plurality of electric field ionization units, each of which includes a first electrode and a second electrode having a blocking dielectric layer on a surface thereof, and a dielectric blocking electric field is established in a discharge space formed between the first electrode and the blocking dielectric layer; the first electrode is a hollow tube made of aluminum, and the inner surface of the hollow tube is oxidized to prevent ozone corrosion. The second electrode is needle plate-shaped, made of titanium alloy, and penetrates through the hollow tube of the first electrode, and the blocking dielectric layer in the embodiment is made of conventional materials, such as quartz glass and ceramic; applying a voltage of 3-9Kv/cm to the dielectric barrier electric field by an external alternating current power supply to initiate oxygen in the electric field to be ionized into oxygen ions, combining the oxygen ions with the oxygen to generate an enhancer ozone, reacting the ozone with hydrocarbon organic compounds (namely Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC)) in the tail gas, and oxidizing the ozone into CO2And water, then with NOXOxidized to higher nitrogen oxides such as NO2Etc. and finally reacted with CO to be oxidized into CO2I.e. reaction priority of volatile organic compounds VOC > nitroxide NOXCarbon monoxide CO and sufficient in gasSufficient VOC production of volatile organic compounds sufficient water to react with high nitrogen oxides to form nitric acid, and therefore, treatment of the gas with ozone causes the ozone to remove NOXThe effect is better and is an unexpected technical effect for those skilled in the art.
In this embodiment, the online monitoring section 500 dynamically controls the oxygen increasing amount of the mixed air oxygen increasing section 400 and the voltage of the ionization section 300 by monitoring the components of the tail gas to realize the balance between ionization energy consumption and separation efficiency, so as to effectively oxidize the gas components to be treated in the tail gas, and includes a gas component detecting unit for detecting the content of the tail gas components after the electric field ionization treatment. The gas component detection unit is selected from at least one of the following detection units:
the hydrocarbon detection unit is used for detecting the content of VOCs in the tail gas after the electric field ionization treatment;
the nitrogen oxide detection unit is used for detecting the content of nitrogen oxide in the tail gas after the electric field ionization treatment;
the carbon monoxide detection unit is used for detecting the content of carbon monoxide in the tail gas after the electric field ionization treatment;
and the ozone detection unit is used for detecting the ozone content in the tail gas after the electric field ionization treatment.
In this embodiment, the online monitoring section 500 further includes a control unit, and the control unit controls the amount of oxygen provided by the mixed air oxygenation section 400 to the electric field ionization unit and/or the voltage of the electric field ionization unit in the ionization section 300 according to an output value of at least one of the units for detecting components of tail gas before electric field ionization treatment.
In this embodiment, the tail gas treatment method includes the following steps: controlling the temperature of the tail gas below 200 ℃, and then performing electrostatic dust removal to remove particles in the tail gas; introducing fresh air into the tail gas after dust removal to improve the oxygen content in the tail gas, and determining oxygen supplementation amount according to at least one value of the concentration of nitrogen oxide, the concentration of VOC, the concentration of CO and the concentration of ozone in the finally discharged tail gas; and the tail gas after oxygenation enters an ionization electric field unit for ionization and oxidation treatment. The present embodiment can achieve at least the following removal effects: nitrogen oxides NOXRemoving efficiency: 60 to 99.97 percent; carbon monoxide CO removal efficiency: 1-50%; volatile organic compound VOC removal efficiency: 60-99.97%.
Claims (36)
1. A tail gas treatment system is characterized by comprising a tail gas temperature control power generation section, an electrostatic dust removal section, an ionization section and a mixed air oxygenation section; the tail gas temperature control power generation section controls the temperature of the tail gas within a certain temperature range and is communicated with the electrostatic dust removal section through fluid; the electrostatic dust removal section at least removes particles in the tail gas and is communicated with the ionization section in a fluid mode, the ionization section comprises a plurality of electric field ionization units, and the electric field ionization units form an electric field and ionize gas; the mixed air oxygenation section is in fluid communication with the ionization section and introduces fresh air to the field ionization unit.
2. The exhaust gas treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the certain temperature range is comprised below 200 ℃, below 150 ℃, below 100 ℃ or below 80 ℃.
3. The exhaust treatment system of claim 1, wherein the electric field ionization unit comprises a first electrode made of at least one of aluminum and aluminum alloy.
4. The exhaust treatment system of claim 3, wherein the aluminum alloy includes at least one of an aluminum titanium alloy, an aluminum magnesium alloy.
5. The tail gas treatment system of claim 1 or 2, wherein the electric field ionization unit further comprises a second electrode, and the material of the second electrode comprises iridium or titanium alloy.
6. The tail gas treatment system of claim 3 or 4, wherein the electric field ionization unit further comprises a second electrode, and the material of the second electrode comprises iridium or titanium alloy.
7. The exhaust treatment system of claim 6, wherein the first electrode is in the form of a hollow tube and the second electrode is disposed through the hollow tube of the first electrode.
8. The exhaust gas treatment system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the electric field formed by the electric field ionization unit is a dielectric barrier electric field or an electrostatic field.
9. The exhaust gas treatment system according to claim 5, wherein the electric field formed by the electric field ionization unit is a dielectric barrier electric field or an electrostatic field.
10. The exhaust gas treatment system according to claim 6, wherein the electric field formed by the electric field ionization unit is a dielectric barrier electric field or an electrostatic field.
11. The exhaust gas treatment system according to claim 7, wherein the electric field formed by the electric field ionization unit is a dielectric barrier electric field or an electrostatic field.
12. The exhaust gas treatment system according to claim 10 or 11, wherein when the electric field formed by the electric field ionization unit is a dielectric barrier electric field, a barrier dielectric layer is disposed on an outer surface of the second electrode, a gap is disposed between the first electrode and the barrier dielectric layer, and a discharge space of the dielectric barrier electric field is formed between the first electrode and the barrier dielectric layer.
13. The exhaust gas treatment system according to claim 12, wherein the second electrode provided with the barrier dielectric layer is disposed through a hollow tube of the first electrode, and a gap between the first electrode and the barrier dielectric layer forms a discharge space.
14. The exhaust gas treatment system according to claim 10 or 11, wherein when the electric field formed by the electric field ionization unit is an electrostatic field, the first electrode is an electric field anode, the second electrode is an electric field cathode, and an electrostatic field is formed between the first electrode and the second electrode.
15. The exhaust gas treatment system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, 7, 9 to 11, and 13, wherein the voltage of the electric field formed by the electric field ionization unit is 3 to 9 Kv/cm.
16. The exhaust gas treatment system according to claim 5, wherein the voltage of the electric field formed by the electric field ionization unit is 3 to 9 Kv/cm.
17. The exhaust gas treatment system according to claim 6, wherein the voltage of the electric field formed by the electric field ionization unit is 3 to 9 Kv/cm.
18. The exhaust gas treatment system according to claim 8, wherein the voltage of the electric field formed by the electric field ionization unit is 3 to 9 Kv/cm.
19. The exhaust gas treatment system according to claim 12, wherein the voltage of the electric field formed by the electric field ionization unit is 3 to 9 Kv/cm.
20. The exhaust gas treatment system according to claim 14, wherein the voltage of the electric field formed by the electric field ionization unit is 3 to 9 Kv/cm.
21. The exhaust gas treatment system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, 7, 9 to 11 and 13, further comprising an online monitoring section for dynamically controlling oxygen increasing amount of the mixed air oxygenation section and voltage of the ionization section by monitoring exhaust gas components to achieve ionization energy consumption and extraction efficiency balance.
22. The exhaust gas treatment system of claim 5, further comprising an online monitoring section for dynamically controlling oxygen increasing amount of the mixed air oxygenation section and voltage of the ionization section by monitoring exhaust gas components to achieve ionization energy consumption and stripping efficiency balance.
23. The exhaust gas treatment system of claim 6, further comprising an online monitoring section for dynamically controlling oxygen increasing amount of the mixed air oxygenation section and voltage of the ionization section by monitoring exhaust gas components to achieve ionization energy consumption and stripping efficiency balance.
24. The exhaust gas treatment system of claim 8, further comprising an online monitoring section for dynamically controlling oxygen increasing amount of the mixed air oxygenation section and voltage of the ionization section by monitoring exhaust gas components to achieve ionization energy consumption and stripping efficiency balance.
25. The exhaust gas treatment system of claim 12, further comprising an online monitoring section for dynamically controlling oxygen enrichment of the mixed air oxygenation section and voltage of the ionization section by monitoring exhaust gas composition to achieve ionization energy consumption and stripping efficiency balance.
26. The exhaust gas treatment system of claim 14, further comprising an online monitoring section for dynamically controlling oxygen enrichment of the mixed air oxygenation section and voltage of the ionization section by monitoring exhaust gas composition to achieve ionization energy consumption and stripping efficiency balance.
27. The exhaust gas treatment system of claim 15, further comprising an online monitoring section for dynamically controlling oxygen increasing amount of the mixed air oxygenation section and voltage of the ionization section by monitoring exhaust gas components to achieve ionization energy consumption and stripping efficiency balance.
28. The exhaust treatment system according to any one of claims 16-20, further comprising an online monitoring section for dynamically controlling oxygen increase amount of the mixed air oxygenation section and voltage of the ionization section by monitoring exhaust gas composition to achieve ionization energy consumption and stripping efficiency balance.
29. The exhaust gas treatment system according to claim 21, wherein the on-line monitoring section comprises a gas component detection unit for detecting the content of the components in the exhaust gas after the ionization section.
30. The exhaust treatment system according to any one of claims 22-27, wherein the on-line monitoring section comprises a gas composition detection unit for detecting the composition of the exhaust after treatment in the ionization section.
31. The exhaust treatment system of claim 28, wherein the on-line monitoring section comprises a gas component detection unit for detecting the content of the components in the exhaust after the ionization section.
32. The exhaust gas treatment system according to claim 29 or 31, wherein the gas component detection unit is selected from at least one of the following detection units:
the hydrocarbon detection unit is used for detecting the content of the hydrocarbon in the tail gas after the ionization section treatment;
the nitrogen oxide detection unit is used for detecting the content of nitrogen oxide in the tail gas after the ionization section treatment;
the carbon monoxide detection unit is used for detecting the content of carbon monoxide in the tail gas after the ionization section treatment;
and the ozone detection unit is used for detecting the ozone content in the tail gas after the ionization section treatment.
33. The exhaust gas treatment system of claim 30, wherein the gas component detection unit is selected from at least one of the following detection units:
the hydrocarbon detection unit is used for detecting the content of the hydrocarbon in the tail gas after the ionization section treatment;
the nitrogen oxide detection unit is used for detecting the content of nitrogen oxide in the tail gas after the ionization section treatment;
the carbon monoxide detection unit is used for detecting the content of carbon monoxide in the tail gas after the ionization section treatment;
and the ozone detection unit is used for detecting the ozone content in the tail gas after the ionization section treatment.
34. The exhaust treatment system according to claim 29, 31 or 33, wherein the online monitoring section further comprises a control unit, and the control unit controls the amount of oxygen provided by the mixed air oxygenation section to the electric field ionization unit and/or the voltage of the electric field ionization unit in the ionization section according to the output value of at least one gas component detection unit.
35. The exhaust treatment system of claim 30, wherein the online monitoring section further comprises a control unit, and the control unit controls the amount of oxygen provided by the mixed air oxygenation section to the electric field ionization unit and/or the voltage of the electric field ionization unit in the ionization section according to the output value of at least one gas component detection unit.
36. The exhaust treatment system of claim 32, wherein the online monitoring section further comprises a control unit, and the control unit controls the amount of oxygen provided by the mixed air oxygenation section to the electric field ionization unit and/or the voltage of the electric field ionization unit in the ionization section according to the output value of at least one gas component detection unit.
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| CN202022095249.9U CN213965952U (en) | 2020-09-22 | 2020-09-22 | Tail gas treatment system |
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| CN202022095249.9U CN213965952U (en) | 2020-09-22 | 2020-09-22 | Tail gas treatment system |
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