CN213932012U - Closed high-temperature high-pressure tunnel kiln - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a closed high-temperature high-pressure tunnel kiln, which comprises a high-temperature high-pressure steam boiler, a control valve, a burner, a motor, a chimney, a pressure gauge, a heat insulation layer, a track, a feeding and discharging port and a boiler end cover; one end of the high-temperature high-pressure steam boiler is provided with a sealable boiler end cover, the other end of the high-temperature high-pressure steam boiler is provided with a chimney, the motor and the burner are respectively arranged on the boiler end cover, and the motor is connected with the burner; the pressure gauge and the control valve are respectively arranged on a furnace shell of the high-temperature high-pressure steam boiler; a heat insulation layer is laid in a furnace pipe of the high-temperature high-pressure steam boiler, a track is laid at the lower part of the furnace pipe, and one end of the furnace pipe is provided with a feed inlet and a discharge outlet which can be sealed. The utility model can realize the resource utilization of solid wastes and reduce the environmental pollution; solves the problem that the existing earth kiln is not fired to the bottom, and can produce various shapes and strengths of antique blue bricks, tiles, flower windows and other handicraft buildings; the produced solid waste tail mud foamed hollow antique blue brick combines the advantages of foamed bricks, hollow bricks and blue bricks, and has light weight and high strength.

Description

Closed high-temperature high-pressure tunnel kiln

Technical Field

The utility model discloses brickmaking equipment technical field, in particular to closed high temperature high pressure tunnel cave.

Background

And (3) sintering the brick: bricks for building load-bearing and non-load-bearing walls, which are prepared from clay, shale, coal gangue or fly ash as raw materials through molding and high-temperature roasting, are collectively called as baked bricks. The utility model discloses a hollow archaize blue brick of foaming is burnt by the city solid useless, the mine is useless admittedly, a large amount of stone mud that the mine tailing separates out when deep processing such as system sand, system silica micropowder with a small amount of straw warp close formula high temperature high pressure tunnel kiln and is formed. In China, the annual production of various sintered bricks is more than 6000 billion, but the number of bricks capable of being used as load-bearing dry walls is very small, and sintered decorative bricks are more difficult to find. In 1978, China proposes to develop novel wall materials, advances the technology of brick and tile enterprises and accelerates the development of industries. Through years of efforts, the production capacity of the baked bricks in China is more than 2 hundred million, the product quality is improved year by year, part of products reach the level of like products in developed countries, the market is continuously widened, and the application range is gradually expanded. Particularly, in recent years, high-grade building decoration engineering and multifunctional square roads with Chinese building artistic atmosphere gradually appear in vast cities and countrysides of China, and the demand of the baked bricks is increased day by day.

The clay solid brick is a solid brick which is prepared by taking clay and admixtures added according to requirements as raw materials and adding water, stirring, molding and roasting at high temperature, is mainly used for building load-bearing and non-load-bearing walls, and is a building wall material with wide application. The production and use of the clay solid brick have more than 3000 years of history in China. Nowadays, clay solid bricks still dominate in wall materials used in construction projects. Solid bricks have the following disadvantages: (1) self-weight. The weight of the solid clay brick is relatively larger than the dead weight of other wall masonry materials, so that the structure needs to bear larger dead weight, and the construction cost is increased. (2) The sound insulation effect is poor. The sound is transmitted to the clay brick, because the void ratio is small, the sound is not isolated, the decibel reduction of the sound is less, and other masonry materials such as the prior concrete aerated block which adopts more concrete have large void ratio and obvious sound insulation effect. (3) The environmental destruction is large. Because the clay bricks are mainly formed by sintering excavated soil, the clay bricks can damage the soil and vegetation, cause water and soil loss and seriously damage the environment, and thus the country gradually stops using the clay bricks in the engineering. Although clay bricks have a plurality of defects, the clay bricks are still one of the main building wall materials for a long time in the future, particularly in rural areas, due to low price, simple process, mature design and construction technology, use inertia of people and the like.

The hollow brick is a main wall material commonly used in the building industry, has the advantages of light weight, high strength, good heat preservation, sound insulation and noise reduction performance, environmental protection and no pollution, is an ideal filling material for a frame structure building, and becomes a product recommended by the national building department firstly. The hollow brick is prepared by using clay, shale and the like as main raw materials through raw material treatment, molding and sintering. The percentage of the total area of the holes of the hollow bricks to the area of the bricks, called the hole rate of the hollow bricks, is generally more than 15%. Compared with solid bricks, the hollow bricks can save a large amount of soil for land and fuel for brick burning, and reduce the transportation weight; the labor intensity in brick making and building is reduced, and the construction progress is accelerated; the self weight of the building is reduced, the number of building layers is increased, and the manufacturing cost is reduced.

The foamed brick is a foamed sintered block, which is called foamed brick for short and is produced by a kiln transformation process of a sintering kiln. The foamed brick is an inner porous hollow sintered brick product prepared by using siliceous materials (sand, fly ash, siliceous tailings and the like) and calcareous materials (limestone powder) as main raw materials, mixing foamed combustible substances (crushed substances such as straws and the like after briquetting), adding water, stirring, casting and molding, precuring and cutting, sintering at high temperature and the like. The composite board has the characteristics of light weight, good heat insulation performance, strong shock resistance, good processing performance, moisture resistance, good sound insulation performance and the like. The foamed brick has elasticity because of the hollow characteristic, and the building main body is supported by a reinforced concrete structure, and the brick only plays a filling role. When an earthquake happens, the reinforced concrete structure can deform, if the reinforced concrete structure is a solid brick, the reinforced concrete structure deforms and overstocks, the reinforced concrete structure can stretch out and collapse, and a good telescopic space can be reserved for the reinforced concrete structure by using the hollow brick.

The green brick and the red brick are different in cooling method after firing, the red brick is naturally cooled, and the green brick is water cooled (actually, anoxic cooling). Although the strength and hardness of the green brick and the red brick are almost the same, the performance of the green brick is obviously superior to that of the red brick in the aspects of oxidation resistance, hydration, atmospheric corrosion and the like. The black brick gives people a simple, stable, simple and quiet aesthetic feeling, the black-white-grey black brick is specially innovated in 09 years to provide century black brick series products, shallow relief, high relief and mechanism bricks with modern breath, and the artistic form is mainly the traditional classic of China. The decorative pattern is exquisite, has the moral, and the design technique is novel, mixes the essence of Chinese culture, can collect the quality and appraisal, can decorate the sight, can bear the live and be graceful and simple, and is not the ship, is not duplicating, is really civilized and returns truthfully.

In conclusion, the solid waste tail mud foamed hollow antique blue brick is used as a novel building and decoration material, combines the advantages of the foamed brick, the hollow brick and the blue brick, and has a very wide market prospect.

From the analysis of the production technology, the process of firing the grey brick is different from the common brick and tile, wherein the biggest bottleneck is a kiln. The rail kiln solves the firing problem of the grey bricks in the archaizing building material industry, but the rail kiln can only fire products with the thickness of 5 cm or less, and when the value is exceeded, the advantages of the rail kiln are not available. Firstly, because the firing time is short, the thermal engineering can not meet the roasting curve of the black bricks, and secondly, the production cost is high, so that the traditional track kiln can not adapt to the production process of the black bricks at present.

The process of firing the blue bricks by the tunnel kiln is not mature at present, and the industry people continuously strive to make a breakthrough, but the reduction process is successful, the yield of the red brick tunnel kiln can not appear, and particularly when large-size urban wall bricks are faced, the yield is lower due to the limitation of a thermal regulation. The soil kiln is mature for firing green bricks, but faces the limitation of national industrial policy because the soil kiln is listed as a kiln to be eliminated by the government more than twenty years ago. In recent years, the soil kilns change coal firing into natural gas firing, and although clean energy is used, the soil kilns have the technical problems of combustion, flue, setting and the like, so that the product quality is extremely unstable, namely the phenomenon of 'two floors' commonly known by old generation bricklayers, the product quality of the upper floor is better, the quality of the lower floor cannot be guaranteed, the 'fire does not go to the bottom' is the main reason of the phenomenon, and the cost and the market problems are caused by low qualified rate.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The problem to above-mentioned prior art exists, the utility model provides a closed high temperature high pressure tunnel cave realizes recycling of mine abandonment resource, solves the problem that current soil kiln "fire does not go to the bottom", and the hollow blue brick modelled after an antique of the solid useless tail mud foaming of production has combined the advantage of foaming brick, hollow brick and blue brick, satisfies the demand of the special product of growing building structure and architectural decoration, provides more selections for the consumer.

The utility model discloses solve above-mentioned technical problem with following technical scheme:

a closed high-temperature high-pressure tunnel kiln comprises a high-temperature high-pressure steam boiler, a control valve, a burner, a motor, a chimney, a pressure gauge, a heat insulation layer, a track, a feed/discharge port and a boiler end cover; one end of the high-temperature high-pressure steam boiler is provided with a sealable boiler end cover, the other end of the high-temperature high-pressure steam boiler is provided with a chimney, the motor and the burner are respectively arranged on the boiler end cover, and the motor is connected with the burner; the pressure gauge and the control valve are respectively arranged on a furnace shell of the high-temperature high-pressure steam boiler; a heat insulation layer is laid in a furnace pipe of the high-temperature high-pressure steam boiler, a track is laid at the lower part of the furnace pipe, and one end of the furnace pipe is provided with a feed inlet and a discharge outlet which can be sealed.

The flue gas generated by fuel combustion in the furnace of the high-temperature high-pressure steam boiler is divided into three return strokes, the flue gas firstly enters the first flue pipe bundle through the return chamber, then enters the second flue pipe bundle after being turned by 180 degrees through the compression type front smoke box, and finally enters the tail flue after being subjected to heat convection and is discharged through the chimney.

The utility model has the advantages that:

(1) the deep full-recycling of the solid wastes can be realized, the production cost of producing products by utilizing the solid wastes is integrally reduced, and the environmental pollution is reduced;

(2) the method can be used for producing various shapes and strengths of antique blue bricks, tiles, flower windows and other technical building works, and is suitable for the building field, in particular to the ancient building field;

(3) the produced solid waste tail mud foamed hollow antique blue brick can provide more basic building component material choices for the building decoration industry and consumers;

(4) the high-temperature high-pressure steam boiler is closed, the heat insulation layer is arranged in the boiler furnace, natural gas is used as fuel, the production yield is high, the energy consumption is low, and the energy is saved and the environment is protected;

(5) the produced solid waste tail mud foamed hollow antique blue brick combines the advantages of foamed bricks, hollow bricks and blue bricks, has light weight and high strength, the strength of the brick can reach 86 percent of that of a common red brick, the weight of the brick is 71 percent of that of the common red brick with the same volume, the brick is convenient to carry and construct, and the labor intensity is reduced.

(6) The closed high-temperature high-pressure tunnel kiln can be used for firing black bricks with various thicknesses by taking high-temperature steam as a heat source and adopting a closed form. The heat energy is used for fully heating the brick body by utilizing the pore effect of the foaming brick, so that the thickness of the processed brick body is increased to more than 40 cm.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the closed high-temperature high-pressure tunnel kiln of the utility model.

Fig. 2 is a partial schematic view of the inner part of the furnace of the high-temperature and high-pressure steam boiler of fig. 1.

In the figure, 1: high-temperature high-pressure steam boiler, 2: control valve, 3: burner, 4: motor, 5: maintenance valve, 6: chimney, 7: pressure gauge, 8: pot shell, 9: thermal insulation layer, 10: track, 11: furnace, 12: smoke transfer chamber, 13: feed and discharge port, 14: boiler end cover, 15: a brick is provided.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the embodiments described herein are only for explaining the technical solution of the present invention, and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

As shown in figure 1, the closed high-temperature high-pressure tunnel kiln is cylindrical and comprises a high-temperature high-pressure steam boiler 1, a control valve 2, a combustor 3, a motor 4, an inspection valve 5, a chimney 6, a pressure gauge 7, a boiler shell 8, a heat insulation layer 9, a track 10, a furnace pipe 11, a smoke turning chamber 12, a feeding and discharging port 13 and a boiler end cover 14. A control valve 2 and a pressure gauge 7 are respectively arranged on a boiler shell 8, one end of a high-temperature and high-pressure steam boiler 1 is provided with a sealable boiler end cover 14, the other end of the high-temperature and high-pressure steam boiler is provided with a chimney 6, a motor 4 is arranged on the boiler end cover 14, and the motor 4 is connected with a combustor 3; the flue gas is divided into three return strokes, the fuel gas is combusted in a furnace pipe 11 in the high-temperature high-pressure steam boiler 1, the generated high-temperature flue gas moves backwards along the furnace pipe 11, enters a first flue pipe bundle through a return combustion chamber, enters a second flue pipe bundle through a compression type front flue box turning 180 degrees, finally enters a tail flue after convection heat exchange, and is discharged through a chimney 6. The second return and third return smoke transfer chambers 12 constitute a front smoke box. The control valve 2 adjusts firepower and pressure in the furnace, and finished product processing and forming are completed after sintering is completed within a specific time and cooling and depressurization are performed. The pressure gauge 7 is used for monitoring the pressure in the boiler so as to ensure that the boiler is in a safe operation pressure range. A heat insulation layer 9 is laid around the inner periphery of the furnace pipe 11, the heat insulation layer 9 is made of a fire-resistant heat insulation material and is used for isolating heat in the furnace from conducting outwards and ensuring that the temperature in the furnace is at the working temperature. One end of the furnace pipe 11 is provided with a feed and discharge port 13, the feed and discharge port 13 can be opened or closed in a sealing way, and the brick 15 is fired in the furnace pipe 11. And a rail 10 is laid at the lower part in the furnace container 11 and used for transporting the blue bricks, the outer rail of the furnace is butted with the rail 10 when the blue bricks are transported, and the outer rail of the furnace is moved away to close an end cover 14 of the boiler when the green bricks are fired and sealing is needed. In order to facilitate maintenance, the high-temperature and high-pressure steam boiler 1 is also provided with a sealable maintenance valve 5.

The method for producing the solid waste tail mud foamed hollow antique blue brick by adopting the closed high-temperature high-pressure tunnel kiln comprises the following process steps:

(1) 60-70% of slurry, 10-15% of crushed materials such as the straws after the briquetting and 10-20% of iron powder, adding water into the mixture, stirring for 8-10min at the stirring speed of 35-45 r/min to obtain a mixture with the water content of 48-52%, and pressing the mixture into a die to form a blank once. And then mixed slurry of 80-90% of slurry and 10-20% of iron powder is extruded to the outside of the mixed blank for secondary blank forming, and finally the standard strip-shaped mud blank is manufactured. And removing the mold after 3-4 hours, standing for natural foaming for 1-2 hours, and cutting to prepare green bricks.

(2) After forming, drying in the shade for 1-2 days, then putting the brick into a closed high-temperature high-pressure tunnel kiln to be baked to 1100 ℃, the pressure is 0.5Mpa for 8-15 days, and cooling with water in the baking process to ensure that iron in the green brick is not completely oxidized, thereby having better water resistance.

The stirring process in the step (1) adopts a double-shaft stirrer, the power of a motor is 7.5KW, the diameter of a blade is 400mm, the rotating speed of the blade is 47.6r/min, and the treatment capacity is 20 t/h. The mould is a common mould.

On the basis of the traditional tunnel kiln, the special sealed high-temperature high-pressure tunnel kiln is developed by performing sealed transformation on the traditional tunnel kiln. The closed high-temperature high-pressure tunnel kiln can be used for firing black bricks with various thicknesses by taking high-temperature steam as a heat source and adopting a closed form. The heat energy is used for fully heating the brick body by utilizing the pore effect of the foaming brick, so that the thickness of the processed brick body is increased to more than 40 cm.

After the finished product of the solid waste tail mud foamed hollow antique blue brick is detected, the water absorption rate is less than 20%, and the finished product has good moisture resistance; the compression resistance is more than 10Mpa, and the masonry performance is good; the strength can reach 86 percent of that of the common red brick, and the mass is 71 percent of that of the common red brick with the same volume.

Claims (2)

1. A closed high-temperature high-pressure tunnel kiln is characterized by comprising a high-temperature high-pressure steam boiler, a control valve, a burner, a motor, a chimney, a pressure gauge, a heat insulation layer, a track, a feeding and discharging port and a boiler end cover; one end of the high-temperature high-pressure steam boiler is provided with a sealable boiler end cover, the other end of the high-temperature high-pressure steam boiler is provided with a chimney, the motor and the burner are respectively arranged on the boiler end cover, and the motor is connected with the burner; the pressure gauge and the control valve are respectively arranged on a furnace shell of the high-temperature high-pressure steam boiler; a heat insulation layer is laid in a furnace pipe of the high-temperature high-pressure steam boiler, a track is laid at the lower part of the furnace pipe, and one end of the furnace pipe is provided with a feed inlet and a discharge outlet which can be sealed.

2. A closed high temperature and high pressure tunnel kiln as defined in claim 1, wherein: the flue gas generated by fuel combustion in the furnace of the high-temperature high-pressure steam boiler is divided into three return strokes, the flue gas firstly enters the first flue pipe bundle through the return chamber, then enters the second flue pipe bundle after being turned by 180 degrees through the compression type front smoke box, and finally enters the tail flue after being subjected to heat convection and is discharged through the chimney.

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