CN213924148U - Wastewater treatment device based on high-voltage plasma discharge - Google Patents
Wastewater treatment device based on high-voltage plasma discharge Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN213924148U CN213924148U CN202021830305.2U CN202021830305U CN213924148U CN 213924148 U CN213924148 U CN 213924148U CN 202021830305 U CN202021830305 U CN 202021830305U CN 213924148 U CN213924148 U CN 213924148U
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- water
- reaction chamber
- plasma discharge
- water tank
- wastewater treatment
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Abstract
The utility model provides a effluent treatment plant based on high-pressure plasma discharges relates to waste water treatment technical field, and the device includes: the device comprises a reaction cavity, an insulating layer, a water inlet, a water tank, a pump, a water passing plate, a high-voltage electrode and a water outlet; the insulating layer set up in the side of reaction chamber, the water inlet with the delivery port sets up respectively on the water tank, the bottom of reaction chamber is connected the one end of water tank, the other end of water tank is connected with the one end of pump, the other end of pump with cross the water board and be connected, cross the water board with high voltage electrode all sets up the inside of reaction chamber. The utility model discloses not only solved among the prior art effluent treatment plant because the energy consumption is big, with high costs and later maintenance is inconvenient, the problem that the treatment effeciency of the waste water that leads to is not high can handle the waste water of various concentration, various contamination composition moreover, simple structure easily realizes, and the security is high to the treatment effeciency of waste water has been improved greatly.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a waste water treatment technical field relates to but not limited to a waste water treatment device based on high-pressure plasma discharges.
Background
With the rapid development of social economy, the production technology level of various industries is gradually improved, and the problem of environmental pollution is brought, wherein the problem of wastewater and odor pollution is more and more concerned by people.
In the traditional technology, a plasma discharge reactor is arranged in a gas collecting hood of a power supply system, high-voltage electrodes of the plasma discharge reactor are used for carrying out plasma discharge on oxygen in the gas collecting hood to form ozone, and finally the ozone is used for treating wastewater.
However, the wastewater treatment scheme adopted in the conventional technology has high energy consumption, high cost and inconvenient later maintenance, resulting in low wastewater treatment efficiency.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of the utility model is to the not enough of effluent treatment plant in the in-process of handling waste water among the above-mentioned prior art, provide a effluent treatment plant based on high pressure plasma is discharged to solve among the prior art effluent treatment plant because the energy consumption is big, with high costs and later maintenance is inconvenient, the problem that the treatment effeciency of the waste water that leads to is not high.
In order to achieve the above object, the embodiment of the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
the embodiment of the utility model provides a effluent treatment plant based on high-pressure discharge plasma discharges, include: the device comprises a reaction cavity, a high-voltage power supply, an insulating layer, a water inlet, a water tank, a pump, a water passing plate, a high-voltage electrode and a water outlet;
wherein, the insulating layer set up in the side of reaction chamber, high voltage power supply sets up the outside of reaction chamber, the water inlet with the delivery port sets up respectively on the water tank, the bottom of reaction chamber is connected the one end of water tank, the other end of water tank with the one end of pump is connected, the other end of pump with cross the water board and connect, cross the water board with high-voltage electrode all sets up the inside of reaction chamber.
Optionally, the reaction chamber includes a plurality of layers, each layer is transversely provided with a high voltage electrode, and each layer is connected with a high voltage power supply.
Optionally, the number of the high voltage power supplies is the same as the number of the layers in the reaction chamber, and each high voltage power supply is a DDBD plasma discharge power supply.
Optionally, the polarities between adjacent high voltage electrodes are different.
Optionally, the positive electrode of the high voltage power supply is connected to one central line of the insulating layer, and the negative electrode of the high voltage power supply is connected to the other central line of the insulating layer.
Optionally, the water tank is used for storing wastewater to be treated.
Optionally, the pump is used for conveying the wastewater to be treated in the water tank into the reaction chamber.
Optionally, the insulating layer is made of one of glass, ceramic, plastic and rubber.
Optionally, the insulating layer is made of a water-tight and electricity-tight material.
Optionally, the water passing plate includes a plurality of holes for dividing the wastewater to be treated, which is fed into the reaction chamber under the action of the pump.
Optionally, the number of the high voltage power supplies is the same as the number of the layers in the reaction chamber, and each high voltage power supply is a DDBD plasma discharge power supply.
The utility model has the advantages that: a high-pressure plasma discharge-based wastewater treatment apparatus comprising: the device comprises a reaction cavity, an insulating layer, a water inlet, a water tank, a pump, a water passing plate, a high-voltage electrode and a water outlet; the insulating layer set up in the side of reaction chamber, the water inlet with the delivery port sets up respectively on the water tank, the bottom of reaction chamber is connected the one end of water tank, the other end of water tank is connected with the one end of pump, the other end of pump with cross the water board and be connected, cross the water board with high voltage electrode all sets up the inside of reaction chamber. That is to say, the utility model provides a waste water treatment device based on high-pressure plasma discharges under the effect of pump, carry into the reaction chamber with the pending waste water in the water tank earlier, then when going into the treatment area that high voltage electrode constitutes with pending waste water uniform flow under the effect of the water board of crossing of reaction chamber, high voltage electrode produces high-pressure discharge plasma under high voltage power supply's effect, and use this high-pressure discharge plasma to handle the pending waste water, the problem that the treatment effeciency of the waste water that leads to is not high has not only been solved among the prior art waste water treatment device because the energy consumption is big, it is inconvenient with high costs and later maintenance, and can handle various concentrations, the waste water of various pollution composition, simple structure easily realizes, high safety, thereby the treatment effeciency of waste water is greatly improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention, and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a wastewater treatment apparatus based on high-pressure plasma discharge according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a connection relationship between a high voltage power supply and a high voltage electrode according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Icon: 1-reaction chamber, 2-high voltage power supply (not shown in the figure), 3-insulating layer, 4-water inlet (not shown in the figure), 5-water tank, 6-pump, 7-water passing plate, 8-high voltage electrode and 9-water outlet (not shown in the figure).
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention, as generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate the position or positional relationship based on the position or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the position or positional relationship which is usually placed when the product of the present invention is used, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific position, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Furthermore, the terms "horizontal", "vertical" and the like do not imply that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or pendant, but rather may be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" merely means that the direction is more horizontal than "vertical" and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.
In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Here, the related terms in the present invention are explained:
plasma, a fourth state of matter different from solid, liquid and gas. A substance is composed of molecules, which are composed of atoms, which are composed of a positively charged nucleus and negatively charged electrons surrounding it. When heated to a sufficiently high temperature or for other reasons, the outer electrons become free electrons free of the nuclei, leaving the nuclei, a process known as "ionization". At this time, the substance becomes a uniform mass of "paste" consisting of positively charged nuclei and negatively charged electrons, so it is called ion paste by chance, and the total amount of positive and negative charges in these ion pastes is equal, so it is nearly electrically neutral, so it is called plasma; the gas is ionized gas-like substance consisting of positive and negative ions generated after atoms and atomic groups are ionized after partial electrons are deprived, and the movement of the macroscopic electroneutral ionized gas with the dimension larger than the Debye length is mainly governed by electromagnetic force and shows remarkable collective behavior. It is widely present in the universe and is often considered to be the fourth state in which substances exist in addition to solids, liquids and gases.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a wastewater treatment device based on high-pressure plasma discharge provided by an embodiment of the present invention, and the following description is made in detail with reference to fig. 1.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a wastewater treatment device based on high-pressure plasma discharge provided by an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the wastewater treatment device based on high-pressure plasma discharge includes: the device comprises a reaction cavity 1, a high-voltage power supply 2 (not shown in the figure), an insulating layer 3, a water inlet 4 (not shown in the figure), a water tank 5, a pump 6, a water passing plate 7, a high-voltage electrode 8 and a water outlet 9 (not shown in the figure).
Wherein, high voltage power supply 2 sets up in the outside of reaction chamber 1, and insulating layer 3 sets up in the side of reaction chamber 1, and water inlet 4 and delivery port 9 set up respectively on water tank 5, and the one end of water tank 5 is connected to the bottom of reaction chamber 1, and the other end of water tank 5 is connected with the one end of pump 6, and the other end of pump 6 with cross water board 7 and be connected, cross water board 7 and high-voltage electrode 8 and all set up the inside at reaction chamber 1.
The embodiment of the utility model provides an in, cross water board 7 and can set up the inside at reaction chamber 1 to the one end of crossing water board 7 can be connected with pump 6, and the other end of crossing the water board can be connected with high-tension electrode 8's one end and be connected, and high-tension electrode 9's the other end can be connected with water tank 5.
The embodiment of the utility model provides an in, the inside of reaction chamber 1 can include the multilayer, and every layer transversely discharges respectively has high voltage electrode to, a high voltage power supply can be connected respectively on every layer.
For example, each layer may laterally discharge a plurality of high voltage electrodes, and the polarities of the adjacent high voltage electrodes laterally discharged by each layer are opposite.
The embodiment of the utility model provides an in, high voltage power supply 2 can be the same with the quantity of the number of piles in the reaction chamber 1 to every high voltage power supply can be DDBD plasma discharge power.
In the embodiment of the utility model provides an in, the polarity between the adjacent high tension electrode is different.
Illustratively, when the inside of the reaction chamber 1 includes a plurality of layers and a plurality of high voltage electrodes are laterally arranged in each layer, the polarities of the adjacent high voltage electrodes in the adjacent layers are different between the adjacent high voltage electrodes in each layer. For example, the first high voltage electrode of the first layer is a high voltage positive electrode, the second high voltage electrode of the first layer is a high voltage negative electrode, the first high voltage electrode of the second layer is a high voltage negative electrode, … …, and so on.
In the embodiment of the utility model provides an in, high voltage power supply 2's positive pole is connected with a central line of insulating layer 3, and high voltage power supply 2's negative pole is connected with another central line of insulating layer 3.
Illustratively, as shown in fig. 2, the insulating layer 3 may include two center lines, one of which may be connected to the positive electrode of the high voltage power supply 2 and the other of which may be connected to the negative electrode of the high voltage power supply 2, so that the polarities of the high voltage electrodes of each layer in the reaction chamber 1 are opposite.
In the embodiment of the utility model provides an in, water tank 5 is used for saving pending waste water. Wherein, the wastewater to be treated can comprise wastewater with various concentrations and various pollutant components.
For example, the wastewater to be treated can be a general term of water and runoff rainwater discharged in the process of activities of residents, including domestic sewage, industrial wastewater and other useless water such as primary rainwater flowing into a drainage pipe canal, and generally refers to water which can not be recycled after certain technical treatment or can not reach a certain standard in the purification treatment difficulty after primary pollution.
For example, the wastewater to be treated may include substances contained in: pyridine, quinoline, picoline, amino acid, amide, dimethylformamide, carbon disulfide, thiol, alkyl sulfide, thiourea, sulfamide, thiophene, dimethyl sulfoxide, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, vinyl chloride, chlorobenzene, acyl halide, N, S-halogen-containing dye, pesticide, pigment and intermediate thereof, organic waste liquid comprising acids such as sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid and nitric acid, alkalis such as sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate and ammonia, peroxide oxidants such as hydrogen peroxide and reducing agents such as sulfide and hydrazine, waste liquid of substances such as benzene, hexane, xylene, toluene, kerosene, light oil, heavy oil, lubricating oil, cutting oil, machine oil, animal and vegetable oil, liquid and solid fatty acid, waste liquid comprising phosphoric acid, phosphorous acid, thiophosphoric acid and phosphonate esters, phosphine, phosphorus pesticide and the like, phenol, cresol, naphthol, and the like may also be included.
In the embodiment of the utility model provides an in, pump 6 can be used for carrying into reaction chamber 1 with the pending waste water in the water tank 5.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the material of the insulating layer 3 includes one of glass, ceramic, plastic and rubber.
The embodiment of the utility model provides an in, including a plurality of holes on the water board 7 for will be inputed the pending waste water of reaction chamber 1 under the effect of pump 6 and shunt.
Optionally, the water tank 5 may be provided with a water inlet 4 and a water outlet 9, the water inlet 4 may be used to input wastewater to be treated into the water tank 5, and the water inlet 9 may be used to discharge liquid after the wastewater to be treated is treated.
For example, the wastewater treatment device may be provided with a sensor in a processor formed by the high voltage electrode 1, the sensor may be configured to detect a concentration of a liquid of the wastewater to be treated after the high voltage discharge plasma treatment, compare a detected current concentration with a preset reference concentration value, when the current concentration is greater than the preset concentration value, indicate that the treated liquid corresponding to the current concentration does not reach the standard, and may enter the reaction chamber 1 again to perform the high voltage discharge plasma treatment until the concentration of the treated liquid is lower than the preset concentration value, and discharge the treated liquid through the water outlet 9.
The preset concentration value can be used for representing the substance components in the liquid and the concentration is enough to indicate that the liquid is harmless liquid.
In the embodiment of the utility model, under the action of the pump 6, the wastewater to be treated in the water tank 5 is conveyed into the reaction cavity 1, and the wastewater to be treated entering the reaction cavity 1 evenly enters the treatment area formed by the high-voltage electrode 1 under the action of the water passing plate 7, the high-voltage electrode 1 generates high-voltage discharge plasma under the action of the high-voltage power supply 2, the high-voltage discharge plasma is used for treating the wastewater to be treated to obtain treated liquid, the current concentration of the treated liquid is compared with a preset concentration value, when the current concentration is greater than the preset concentration value, indicating that the treated liquid corresponding to the current concentration does not reach the standard, the treated liquid can enter the reaction chamber 1 again through the pump 6 for high-voltage discharge plasma treatment until the concentration of the treated liquid is lower than the preset concentration value, and the treated liquid is discharged through the water outlet 9. The method is repeated, the high-efficiency treatment of the wastewater to be treated with various concentrations and various harmful components is realized, the structure is simple, the realization is easy, and the safety is high.
The embodiment of the utility model provides an in disclose, a effluent treatment plant based on high-pressure discharge plasma discharges, include: the device comprises a reaction cavity 1, a high-voltage power supply 2, an insulating layer 3, a water inlet 4, a water tank 5, a pump 6, a water passing plate 7, a high-voltage electrode 8 and a water outlet 9; wherein, high voltage power supply 2 sets up in the outside of reaction chamber 1, and insulating layer 3 sets up in the side of reaction chamber 1, and water inlet 4 and delivery port 9 set up respectively on water tank 5, and the one end of water tank 5 is connected to the bottom of reaction chamber 1, and the other end of water tank 5 is connected with the one end of pump 6, and the other end of pump 6 with cross water board 7 and be connected, cross water board 7 and high-voltage electrode 8 and all set up the inside at reaction chamber 1. That is to say, the utility model provides a waste water treatment device based on high-pressure plasma discharges under the effect of pump, carry into the reaction chamber with the pending waste water in the water tank earlier, then when going into the treatment area that high voltage electrode constitutes with pending waste water uniform flow under the effect of the water board of crossing of reaction chamber, high voltage electrode produces high-pressure discharge plasma under high voltage power supply's effect, and use this high-pressure discharge plasma to handle the pending waste water, the problem that the treatment effeciency of the waste water that leads to is not high has not only been solved among the prior art waste water treatment device because the energy consumption is big, it is inconvenient with high costs and later maintenance, and can handle various concentrations, the waste water of various pollution composition, simple structure easily realizes, high safety, thereby the treatment effeciency of waste water is greatly improved.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A high-pressure plasma discharge-based wastewater treatment apparatus, comprising: the device comprises a reaction cavity, a high-voltage power supply, an insulating layer, a water inlet, a water tank, a pump, a water passing plate, a high-voltage electrode and a water outlet;
wherein, high voltage power supply sets up the outside of reaction chamber, the insulating layer set up in the side of reaction chamber, the water inlet with the delivery port sets up respectively on the water tank, the bottom of reaction chamber is connected the one end of water tank, the other end of water tank with the one end of pump is connected, the other end of pump with cross the water board and connect, cross the water board with high-voltage electrode all sets up the inside of reaction chamber.
2. The high-pressure plasma discharge-based wastewater treatment device according to claim 1, wherein the interior of the reaction chamber comprises a plurality of layers, each layer is laterally provided with a high-voltage electrode, and each layer is connected with a high-voltage power supply.
3. The high-voltage plasma discharge-based wastewater treatment device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the number of the high-voltage power supplies is the same as the number of the layers in the reaction chamber, and each high-voltage power supply is a DDBD plasma discharge power supply.
4. The high-pressure plasma discharge-based wastewater treatment device according to claim 3, wherein the polarities of the adjacent high-voltage electrodes are different.
5. The high-voltage plasma discharge-based wastewater treatment device according to claim 4, wherein the positive pole of the high-voltage power supply is connected to one center line of the insulating layer, and the negative pole of the high-voltage power supply is connected to the other center line of the insulating layer.
6. The high-pressure plasma discharge-based wastewater treatment device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water tank is used for storing wastewater to be treated.
7. The high-pressure plasma discharge-based wastewater treatment device as claimed in claim 6, wherein the pump is used for conveying wastewater to be treated in the water tank into the reaction chamber.
8. The high-pressure plasma discharge-based wastewater treatment device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the material of the insulating layer comprises one of glass, ceramic, plastic and rubber.
9. The high-pressure plasma discharge-based wastewater treatment device according to claim 4, wherein the insulating layer is made of a material which is water-tight and electricity-tight.
10. The high-pressure plasma discharge-based wastewater treatment device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water passing plate comprises a plurality of holes for dividing wastewater to be treated fed into the reaction chamber under the action of the pump.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202021830305.2U CN213924148U (en) | 2020-08-28 | 2020-08-28 | Wastewater treatment device based on high-voltage plasma discharge |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202021830305.2U CN213924148U (en) | 2020-08-28 | 2020-08-28 | Wastewater treatment device based on high-voltage plasma discharge |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN213924148U true CN213924148U (en) | 2021-08-10 |
Family
ID=77159955
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202021830305.2U Active CN213924148U (en) | 2020-08-28 | 2020-08-28 | Wastewater treatment device based on high-voltage plasma discharge |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN213924148U (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114099749A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-03-01 | 北京市政路桥股份有限公司 | Municipal road construction structure and construction method thereof |
-
2020
- 2020-08-28 CN CN202021830305.2U patent/CN213924148U/en active Active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114099749A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-03-01 | 北京市政路桥股份有限公司 | Municipal road construction structure and construction method thereof |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| AU738707B2 (en) | Method and apparatus for electrocoagulation of liquids | |
| CN213924148U (en) | Wastewater treatment device based on high-voltage plasma discharge | |
| CN108726668A (en) | A kind of membrane bio-reaction system | |
| CN108840406A (en) | Electrolysis reactor and trade effluent electrolysis pretreatment system | |
| KR101206527B1 (en) | Electrolysis apparatus for nitrate nitrogen or ammonia nitrogen or phosphorus comprised in waste water or polluted water | |
| US10882766B2 (en) | Water treatment system having tubular modules | |
| KR100319022B1 (en) | Wastewater Treatment System Using Electrolytic Injury Method | |
| CN110980891B (en) | Tower type electric flocculation water treatment device | |
| CN113415858B (en) | Ceramic membrane and filtration system with electrolysis function | |
| KR100321799B1 (en) | Water processing method and apparatus for the same jointly using electro-coagulation and dissolved air flotation combined | |
| CN210620500U (en) | Electrochemical treatment system for printing ink wastewater | |
| CN210286855U (en) | Grid flocculation basin | |
| CN210796104U (en) | Desulfurization flue gas electric defogging effluent disposal system | |
| CN106698762A (en) | Latex paint waste water pre-treating device | |
| CN105948346A (en) | Sloping plate sedimentation basin and needle cylinder type plasma combined treatment device for toxic organic wastewater | |
| KR200386781Y1 (en) | Apparatus for electro- coagulative treatment with spiral wound electrode | |
| CN111453901A (en) | Wastewater treatment process for mixed liquid of rectification residual liquid and interface dirt in nuclear industry | |
| WO2018164483A1 (en) | Pollutant removing system for water treatment | |
| KR200383760Y1 (en) | Apparatus for wet-type electrostatic precipitator of waste gas abatement equipment | |
| CN209113528U (en) | A kind of apparatus for processing plasma applied to technical field of waste water processing | |
| CN114105257A (en) | Wastewater treatment method based on high-voltage plasma discharge and control system thereof | |
| CN213446645U (en) | Photoelectric Fenton three-type advanced oxidation integrated treatment device | |
| KR200314427Y1 (en) | High efficiency electrical cohesion a waste water disposal plant | |
| EP4015464A1 (en) | System and method for the electro-purification of effluent using a targeted electron trap and corresponding equipment | |
| CN212712841U (en) | Plasma wastewater treatment device |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |