CN213897163U - Anchoring structure of impervious layer of rocky high and steep side slope - Google Patents
Anchoring structure of impervious layer of rocky high and steep side slope Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN213897163U CN213897163U CN202021915084.9U CN202021915084U CN213897163U CN 213897163 U CN213897163 U CN 213897163U CN 202021915084 U CN202021915084 U CN 202021915084U CN 213897163 U CN213897163 U CN 213897163U
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- wood board
- geomembrane
- steel plate
- asphalt wood
- layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Landscapes
- Revetment (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model discloses an anchor structure of high steep side slope barrier layer of rock matter. It includes: the anti-seepage device comprises an asphalt wood board positioned between an anti-seepage layer and a side slope, a steel plate strip positioned on the upper surface of a geomembrane layer, a hollow anchor rod for fixing the asphalt wood board, a self-tapping bolt for fixing the steel plate strip and a geomembrane protective cover; wherein the impermeable layer is a multilayer structure comprising a geomembrane layer; the asphalt wood board is provided with a mounting hole, and the hollow anchor rod penetrates through the mounting hole to fix the asphalt wood board on the side slope; the steel plate strip is provided with a preformed hole, and a self-tapping bolt penetrates through the preformed hole to fix the steel plate strip and the impermeable layer below the steel plate strip on the asphalt wood board; the geomembrane protection cover covers the upper part of the steel plate strip, and the periphery of the geomembrane protection cover is welded and fixed with the geomembrane layer. The utility model discloses anchor simple structure is compact, and the construction is convenient, still is favorable to the country rock stable when guaranteeing seepage prevention system integrality, and it is few to have slope anchor platform excavation volume, saves the investment, and safe and reliable's advantage is particularly useful for the anchor of multilayer structure barrier.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a high steep side slope seepage prevention system of rock matter anchor measure technical field especially relates to an anchor structure of high steep side slope barrier layer of rock matter.
Background
At present, the impermeable layer mainly adopts a geomembrane, and in order to prevent the geomembrane from being damaged, a plurality of artificial materials are respectively arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the impermeable layer to be used as protective layers. The conventional method is to protect the impermeable layer, an anchoring platform is arranged at intervals of 10-15 m on the side slope, the excavation of the anchoring platform needs to carry out slope cutting and leveling on the side slope, the excavation difficulty of the rock side slope is high, the damage degree of the side slope is high, and the engineering investment is large.
Chinese patent CN205100227U discloses a geomembrane anchoring structure for rocky steep slope, and specifically discloses that a single point of geomembrane is fixed on rocky slope by using expansion bolts and steel plates, and a geomembrane protection cover is directly arranged outside the bolts and steel plates. However, the use of the expansion bolts in the anchoring structure is not favorable for stabilizing the slope surrounding rock, the anchoring points of the impermeable layer can be damaged due to the serious single-point tension condition, the geomembrane protective cover is also easy to damage, and the anchoring structure is not favorable for ensuring the integrity of the impermeable system.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of the utility model is to provide a compact structure, construction convenience's the anchor structure of the high steep side slope barrier layer of rock matter, this anchor structure still do benefit to the country rock stability when guaranteeing anti-seepage system integrality, it is few to have side slope anchor platform excavation volume, saves the investment, safe and reliable's advantage is particularly useful for the anchor of multilayer structure barrier layer.
The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
according to one aspect of the utility model, the utility model provides an anchoring structure of an impervious layer of a rocky high and steep slope, wherein the impervious layer is a multilayer structure containing a geomembrane layer;
the anchoring structure includes: an asphalt wood board positioned between the impermeable layer and the side slope, a steel strip positioned on the upper surface of the geomembrane layer, a hollow anchor rod for fixing the asphalt wood board, a self-tapping bolt for fixing the steel strip, and a geomembrane protective cover, wherein,
the asphalt wood board is provided with a mounting hole, and the hollow anchor rod penetrates through the mounting hole to fix the asphalt wood board on the side slope;
the steel plate strip is provided with a preformed hole, the self-tapping bolt penetrates through the preformed hole, and the steel plate strip and the impermeable layer below the steel plate strip are fixed on the asphalt wood board;
the geomembrane protection cover covers the steel plate strip, and the periphery of the geomembrane protection cover is welded and fixed with the geomembrane layer.
Preferably, geotextile is filled between the geomembrane protective cover and the steel plate strip.
Preferably, the edge of the asphalt wood board is arc-shaped, and the edge of the steel plate is arc-shaped.
Preferably, the hollow anchor comprises: the bolt is connected to the top of the hollow rod body in a threaded mode, and a gasket is arranged between the bolt and the asphalt wood board.
Preferably, the steel plate strips are arranged along the length direction of the asphalt wood board, and two or more steel plate strips are arranged in parallel at intervals.
Preferably, two steel strips are arranged in parallel at intervals along the length direction of the asphalt wood board, the width of the asphalt wood board is 0.3m, and the width of each steel strip is 0.07 m.
Preferably, the preformed hole is arranged on the symmetry axis of the steel plate strip, and the distance between the preformed hole and the symmetry axis of the asphalt wood board is 0.08 m; the distance from the reserved hole to the side edge of the asphalt wood board is 0.07 m.
Preferably, the preformed holes on the two parallel steel strips are arranged in a staggered mode, and the distance between the preformed holes in the length direction of the asphalt wood board is 0.15-0.2 m.
Preferably, the anchoring structures are arranged on the side slope at intervals, and the distance between the steel plate strips in two adjacent anchoring structures is 2 m.
Preferably, two mounting holes are formed in the asphalt wood board in each anchoring structure and are respectively located at two ends of each anchoring structure, and the distance between the two mounting holes is 2 m; the length of the steel plate strip is 1.5 m.
Preferably, the size H5 of the geomembrane protective cover along the length direction of the asphalt wood board is as follows: h5 is more than 1.5m and less than or equal to 2m, and the dimension B2 along the width direction of the asphalt wood board is as follows: b2 is more than 0.3m and less than or equal to 1 m.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses the anchor structure of the high steep side slope barrier layer of rock matter, its simple structure is compact, and it is convenient to be under construction, still is favorable to the country rock stable when guaranteeing impervious system integrality, and it is few to have side slope anchor platform excavation volume, saves the investment, and safe and reliable's advantage is particularly useful for multilayer impervious structure's anchor.
The utility model adopts the asphalt wood board and the steel plate strip as the fixing materials of the impermeable layer. The asphalt wood board at the bottom is fixed on the rocky side slope by using the hollow anchor rod to provide support for anchoring of an impermeable layer with a multilayer structure, and meanwhile, the hollow anchor rod is beneficial to stabilization of surrounding rocks of the side slope and convenient to install; the upper steel plate strip and the lower impermeable layer are fixed on the asphalt wood board by using the self-tapping bolts, so that the continuous anchoring of the impermeable layer is ensured, and the damage to the impermeable layer is reduced as much as possible.
Additionally, the utility model discloses a self tapping bolt fixes the lath, and the lath multiple spot anchor more is favorable to guaranteeing the continuity of barrier layer anchor, reduces the barrier layer and leads to the appearance of barrier layer anchor point damaged condition because of the single-point is drawn.
Additionally, the utility model discloses establish the geomembrane safety cover outside the steel strip (also outside the anchor structure) certain limit, the geomembrane safety cover periphery and geomembrane welded fastening still pack the geotechnological cloth between self tapping bolt and steel strip upper portion and geomembrane safety cover, can reduce self tapping bolt top and steel strip to the destruction of geomembrane safety cover, are favorable to guaranteeing the integrality of anti-seepage system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an anchoring structure of an impervious barrier of a rocky high and steep side slope of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of the anchoring structure of the impervious barrier of the rocky high and steep slope of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the installation of the asphalt wood board of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of the multi-layer structure of the middle anti-seepage layer of the present invention.
In fig. 1-4, 1 is a hollow anchor rod; 2, bolts; 3, a gasket; 4, asphalt wood boards; 5, self-tapping bolts; 6, steel plate strips; 7, slope; 8, compounding a geotechnical drainage grid layer; 9 a first geotextile layer; 10 bentonite blanket layer; 11, a geomembrane layer; 12 a second geotextile layer; 13 a geomembrane protective cover; 14 geotextile.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Unless specifically stated otherwise, the relative arrangement of the components and steps, the numerical expressions, and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective portions shown in the drawings are not drawn in an actual proportional relationship for the convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any particular value should be construed as merely illustrative, and not limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values.
The utility model provides an impermeable layer among the anchoring structure of the high steep side slope impermeable layer of rock matter is multilayer structure. Fig. 4 schematically shows the multilayer structure of the barrier layer of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 4, the barrier layer sequentially comprises: the composite geotechnical drainage grid layer 8, the first geotechnical cloth layer 9, the bentonite blanket layer 10, the geotechnical film layer 11 and the second geotechnical cloth layer 12 are arranged on the side slope 7.
Fig. 1 schematically shows the structure of the anchoring structure of the impermeable layer of the rocky high and steep slope of the present invention. As shown in figure 1, the utility model provides a pair of high steep side slope barrier's of rock matter anchor structure, anchor structure includes: the asphalt wood board 4 positioned between the impermeable layer and the side slope 7, the steel plate strip 6 positioned on the upper surface of the geomembrane layer 11 and used for fixing the hollow anchor rod 1 of the asphalt wood board 4 and used for fixing the self-tapping bolt 5 of the steel plate strip 6 and the geomembrane protective cover 13. The asphalt wood board 4 is provided with a mounting hole, and the hollow anchor rod 1 penetrates through the mounting hole to fix the asphalt wood board 4 on the side slope 7; a preformed hole is formed in the steel plate strip 6, the self-tapping bolt 5 penetrates through the preformed hole, and the steel plate strip 6 and an impermeable layer below the steel plate strip 6 are fixed on the asphalt wood board 4; the geomembrane protective cover 13 covers the steel strip 6 and is welded and fixed at the periphery to the geomembrane layer 11, and the welding seam is shown as C, D, E in fig. 1 and 2.
The utility model discloses the anchor structure of the high steep side slope barrier layer of rock matter, its simple structure is compact, and it is convenient to be under construction, still is favorable to the country rock stable when guaranteeing impervious system integrality, and it is few to have side slope anchor platform excavation volume, saves the investment, and safe and reliable's advantage is particularly useful for multilayer barrier structure's anchor.
The utility model discloses in, the length direction setting of asphalt wood 4 is followed to the steel sheet strip 6, and can set up two or many side by side at the interval. Each of the self-tapping bolts 5 is fixed, so that the problem that the anchoring point of the impermeable layer is damaged due to the fact that a single point of the impermeable layer is pulled can be solved, and the self-tapping bolts 5 can be cross-shaped groove pan heads. The edge of the asphalt wood board 4 is processed into an arc shape, and the edge of the steel plate 6 is processed into an arc shape so as to avoid damaging the impermeable layer. The hollow anchor 1 includes: the bolt 2 is provided with a gasket 3 between the bolt 2 and the asphalt wood board 4, and the bolt 2 is matched with the hollow rod body. The geotextile 14 is filled between the geomembrane protective cover 13 and the steel plate strip 6, so that the damage of the top of the bolt 2 and the steel plate strip 6 to the geomembrane protective cover 13 can be reduced, and the completeness of an anti-seepage system can be ensured.
Fig. 2 schematically shows the plane layout schematic diagram of the anchoring structure of the impermeable layer of the rocky high and steep slope of the present invention, and fig. 3 schematically shows the installation schematic diagram of the middle asphalt wood board 4 of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 2, two steel strips 6 are arranged in parallel along the length direction of the asphalt wood board 4. Wherein the width B1 of the asphalt wood board 4 may be 0.3m, and the width B3 of each steel strip 6 may be 0.07 m. The preformed hole is arranged on the symmetry axis (in the length direction) of the steel plate strip 6, and the distance B5 between the preformed hole and the symmetry axis (in the length direction) of the asphalt wood board 4 can be 0.08 m; the distance B4 from the prepared hole to the side of the nearer asphalt wood board 4 may be 0.07 m. The preformed holes on the two parallel steel strips 6 are arranged in a staggered mode, and the distance H4 in the length direction of the asphalt wood board 4 can be 0.15-0.2 m. The length H2 of the steel sheet strip 6 may be 1.5 m.
The utility model provides an anchor structure can the interval set up on side slope 7 as shown in FIG. 2, and the interval H3 of the steel slat 6 in two adjacent anchor structures can be 2 m. As shown in fig. 3, two mounting holes are provided on the asphalt wood board 4 in each anchoring structure, and are respectively located at two ends of the anchoring structure, and the distance H1 between the two mounting holes is 2 m. As shown in fig. 2, the dimension H5 of the geomembrane protecting cover 13 along the length direction of the asphalt wood board 4 may be: h5 is more than 1.5m and less than or equal to 2m, and the dimension B2 along the width direction of the asphalt wood board 4 can be: b2 is more than 0.3m and less than or equal to 1m, the periphery of the geomembrane protection cover 13 is fixed with the geomembrane in a welding mode and is fixedly connected with the asphalt wood board 4.
The construction process is described below:
1) flattening the side slope 7;
2) constructing the hollow anchor rod 1 according to the requirements of relevant specifications, pre-forming a mounting hole on the asphalt wood plate 4, wherein the position of the mounting hole corresponds to the actual mounting position of the hollow anchor rod 1, and processing the edge of the asphalt wood plate 4 into an arc shape; then, the asphalt wood plate 4 is tightly connected with the side slope 7, if the contact surface is uneven, mud mortar is adopted for leveling, and the hollow anchor rod 1 penetrates through the mounting hole to fix the asphalt wood plate 4 on the side slope 7;
3) sequentially laying a composite geotechnical drainage grid layer 8, a first geotechnical cloth layer 9, a bentonite layer and a geotechnical film layer 11 in the impervious layer;
4) processing the edge of the steel plate strip 6 into an arc shape, fixing the steel plate strip 6 at the position of a reserved hole of the steel plate strip 6 by adopting a self-tapping bolt 5 according to the design interval and the like, and fixing the steel plate strip 6 and an impermeable layer below the steel plate strip on the asphalt wood board 4;
5) welding a geomembrane protective cover 13 outside the steel plate strip 6, and reserving a filling opening;
6) filling the geomembrane protection cover 13 with geotextile 14, and welding a reserved filling opening of the geomembrane protection cover 13 after filling;
7) and finally, laying a second geotextile layer 12 of the impermeable layer to finish construction.
The anchoring structure of the impermeable layer of the rocky high and steep slope adopts the asphalt wood board 4 and the steel plate strip 6 as the fixing materials of the impermeable layer; the asphalt wood board 4 at the bottom is fixed on the rocky side slope 7 by using the hollow anchor rod 1, so that support is provided for anchoring an impermeable layer with a multilayer structure, and meanwhile, the hollow anchor rod 1 is beneficial to stabilizing surrounding rocks of the side slope 7 and is convenient to install; the strip-shaped steel plate strip 6 at the upper part and the impermeable layer below the steel plate strip are fixed on the asphalt wood board 4 by the self-tapping bolt 5, so that the continuous anchoring of the impermeable layer is ensured, the damage to the impermeable layer is reduced as much as possible, and the anchoring effect of the impermeable layer is ensured.
The self-tapping bolts 5 are adopted to fix the steel plates 6, and the steel plates are anchored at multiple points, so that the anchoring continuity of the impermeable layer is better ensured, and the occurrence of the damage condition of the anchoring points of the impermeable layer caused by the single-point tension of the impermeable layer is reduced. Arranging a geomembrane protective cover 13 in a certain range outside the steel plate strip 6, and welding and fixing the periphery of the geomembrane protective cover 13 and the geomembrane; and the geotextile 14 is filled between the upper parts of the self-tapping bolts 5 and the steel plate strips 6 and the geomembrane protection cover 13, so that the damage of the tops of the bolts and the steel plate strips 6 to the geomembrane protection cover 13 can be reduced, and the completeness of an anti-seepage system can be ensured.
The description of the present invention has been presented for purposes of illustration and description, and is not intended to be exhaustive or limited to the invention in the form disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to practitioners skilled in this art. The embodiment was chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, and to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the invention for various embodiments with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated.
Claims (10)
1. An anchoring structure of an impermeable layer of a rocky high and steep side slope is characterized in that the impermeable layer is of a multilayer structure comprising a geomembrane layer; characterized in that the anchoring structure comprises: an asphalt wood board positioned between the impermeable layer and the side slope, a steel strip positioned on the upper surface of the geomembrane layer, a hollow anchor rod for fixing the asphalt wood board, a self-tapping bolt for fixing the steel strip, and a geomembrane protective cover, wherein,
the asphalt wood board is provided with a mounting hole, and the hollow anchor rod penetrates through the mounting hole to fix the asphalt wood board on the side slope;
the steel plate strip is provided with a preformed hole, the self-tapping bolt penetrates through the preformed hole, and the steel plate strip and the impermeable layer below the steel plate strip are fixed on the asphalt wood board;
the geomembrane protection cover covers the steel plate strip, and the periphery of the geomembrane protection cover is welded and fixed with the geomembrane layer.
2. The anchoring structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein a geotextile is filled between said geomembrane protective cover and said steel strip.
3. The anchoring structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the asphalt wood board has a rounded edge and the steel plate has a rounded edge.
4. The anchoring structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein said hollow anchor rod comprises: the bolt is connected to the top of the hollow rod body in a threaded mode, and a gasket is arranged between the bolt and the asphalt wood board.
5. The anchoring structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the steel strip is provided in the lengthwise direction of the asphalt wood board, and two or more steel strips are provided in parallel at intervals.
6. The anchoring structure according to claim 5,
two steel strips are arranged in parallel at intervals along the length direction of the asphalt wood board, the width of the asphalt wood board is 0.3m, and the width of each steel strip is 0.07 m;
the preformed hole is formed in the symmetrical axis of the steel plate strip, and the distance between the preformed hole and the symmetrical axis of the asphalt wood board is 0.08 m; the distance from the reserved hole to the side edge of the asphalt wood board is 0.07 m.
7. The anchoring structure according to claim 6, wherein the preformed holes on the two parallel steel slats are staggered, and the distance in the length direction of the asphalt wood board is 0.15-0.2 m.
8. The anchoring structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the anchoring structures are spaced apart on the slope, and the distance between the steel strips in two adjacent anchoring structures is 2 m.
9. The anchoring structure as claimed in claim 8, wherein two mounting holes are provided on the asphalt wood board in each anchoring structure, and are respectively located at two ends of the anchoring structure, and the distance between the two mounting holes is 2 m; the length of the steel plate strip is 1.5 m.
10. The anchoring structure as claimed in claim 9, wherein the geomembrane protector has a dimension H5 along the length of the asphalt wood board of: h5 is more than 1.5m and less than or equal to 2m, and the dimension B2 along the width direction of the asphalt wood board is as follows: b2 is more than 0.3m and less than or equal to 1 m.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202021915084.9U CN213897163U (en) | 2020-09-04 | 2020-09-04 | Anchoring structure of impervious layer of rocky high and steep side slope |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202021915084.9U CN213897163U (en) | 2020-09-04 | 2020-09-04 | Anchoring structure of impervious layer of rocky high and steep side slope |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN213897163U true CN213897163U (en) | 2021-08-06 |
Family
ID=77109068
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202021915084.9U Active CN213897163U (en) | 2020-09-04 | 2020-09-04 | Anchoring structure of impervious layer of rocky high and steep side slope |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN213897163U (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114673200A (en) * | 2022-04-18 | 2022-06-28 | 中国城市建设研究院有限公司 | Connection structure of geomembrane and underground impervious curtain and construction method thereof |
-
2020
- 2020-09-04 CN CN202021915084.9U patent/CN213897163U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114673200A (en) * | 2022-04-18 | 2022-06-28 | 中国城市建设研究院有限公司 | Connection structure of geomembrane and underground impervious curtain and construction method thereof |
| CN114673200B (en) * | 2022-04-18 | 2023-05-26 | 中国城市建设研究院有限公司 | Connection structure of geomembrane and underground impermeable curtain and construction method thereof |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| AU756984B2 (en) | Embankment dam and waterproofing method | |
| US20200240270A1 (en) | I-Shaped Water-Retaining Dam For Underground Reservoir In Coal Mine | |
| CN104631476A (en) | Seaside ultra-deep soft foundation floating type steel sheet pile cofferdam and construction method thereof | |
| CN103669375A (en) | Double-layer steel sheet pile soil core composite cofferdam structure without inner support and application thereof | |
| CN213897163U (en) | Anchoring structure of impervious layer of rocky high and steep side slope | |
| WO2020240385A1 (en) | Method for constructing an earth and/or rock dam or embankment and a dam or embankment | |
| CN105625420A (en) | Extension type manual hole digging pile support structure and construction method thereof | |
| CN205617390U (en) | A softer side of sears layer excavation supporting system for loess area | |
| CN213571956U (en) | Combined construction method pile supporting structure | |
| CN211713897U (en) | Seepage-proofing structure of concrete faced rockfill dam | |
| CN204898609U (en) | Formula of sinking panel seam stagnant water protective structure | |
| CN108104164A (en) | A kind of underground pipe gallery waterproof construction | |
| CN209836999U (en) | Underground continuous wall with seepage-proof joint | |
| CN205444109U (en) | Can automatic adapt to composite geomembrane seepage prevention structure that weir body warp | |
| CN110847246A (en) | Manufacturing method of rigid landfill seepage prevention system and rigid landfill seepage prevention system | |
| CN110821530A (en) | Non-expanding excavation type tunnel water burst and support treatment method | |
| CN114182901B (en) | Expansion joint waterproof repair construction method and repair structure thereof | |
| CN114481970A (en) | Asphalt concrete core wall structure of pumped storage power station dam in heavy rainfall area | |
| JP4441240B2 (en) | Sheet connection structure | |
| CN115305920A (en) | Vertical type excavation supporting and safe passage support integral type structure | |
| CN108149673A (en) | Concrete-pile and the continuous seepage-proofing water-sealing wall using concrete-pile splicing | |
| JP2021116681A (en) | Water-shielding structure of sea surface disposal field revetment | |
| CN211713895U (en) | Mixed dam type structure | |
| CN207376767U (en) | A kind of inlet channel structure | |
| CN105804773B (en) | A kind of the expansion joint water proof structure and cable tunnel of cable tunnel |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |