CN213876260U

CN213876260U - Shutter device and photographing apparatus having the same

Info

Publication number: CN213876260U
Application number: CN202023279259.4U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄通尧; 张祝; 徐永旺
Original assignee: SZ DJI Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: SZ DJI Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-12-29
Filing date: 2020-12-29
Publication date: 2021-08-03
Anticipated expiration: 2030-12-29

Abstract

A shutter device and a photographing apparatus having the same, wherein the shutter device includes: the base (10) is provided with a light through hole (11); at least two shutter blade groups (20) are arranged on the base (10) in the circumferential direction of the light passing hole (11), each shutter blade group (20) including an even number of shutter blades (21); and at least two driving structures, each driving structure driving one shutter blade group (20) to enable the shutter blades (21) in the shutter blade group (20) to rotate and to have an open state and a closed state, and when all the shutter blades (21) in at least two shutter blade groups (20) are in the closed state, all the shutter blades (21) together completely cover the light through hole (11). The shutter device improves the shutter speed by reducing the moment of inertia of the shutter blade, reduces the impact torque possibly suffered by the shutter blade when the shutter blade rotates to the right position and stops, and improves the service life of the shutter.

Description

Shutter device and photographing apparatus having the same

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of lens shutters, in particular to a shutter device and shooting equipment with the same.

Background

A lens shutter is a device for controlling an exposure time of a photosensitive element in a photographing apparatus, and a shutter speed of the lens shutter is an important factor affecting the exposure time. The existing lens shutter is generally provided with a set of shutter blades, and the opening and closing of the set of shutter blades are controlled by a motor.

The existing lens has a slow shutter speed, and when the shutter speed needs to be increased, the shutter speed is generally realized by increasing the output torque of a motor. On the premise of no change of power, the output torque of the same motor is in direct proportion to the volume of the motor. However, due to the limitations of the optical envelope angle and the inner space of the lens barrel, the output torque of the motor cannot be increased by increasing the volume of the motor. If the motor power is increased, the impact of the driving force on the shutter blade during starting and stopping is easy to be larger, the loss of each part can be increased for a long time, the service life of the shutter is influenced, and the output torque of the motor cannot be directly increased by increasing the motor power in consideration of the influence of the magnetic saturation of the motor.

In addition, the conventional lens shutter has many disadvantages, for example, there may be differences between shutter blades, which results in asynchronous control between the blades in the process of controlling the shutter to open or close, and for example, the shutter has a short service life due to the large mass of the shutter, and the conventional shutter adopts a mode of stopping by impact in the motion process, when the speed of the shutter is high, the impact may damage the shutter, and as the number of times of use increases, the service life of the shutter may also be shortened. The above disadvantages all affect the performance of the shutter, and the performance of the existing shutter needs to be improved urgently.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The embodiment of the application provides a shutter device and shooting equipment with the same, so as to solve at least one of the above problems in the prior art.

In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a shutter device, including: a base having a light passing hole; at least two shutter blade groups arranged on the base along a circumferential direction of the light passing hole, each shutter blade group including an even number of shutter blades; each driving structure drives one shutter blade group to enable the shutter blades in the shutter blade group to rotate and to have an open state and a closed state, when the shutter blades are in the open state, an even number of the shutter blades are divided into two parts with equal number and are respectively positioned on two sides of the light through hole, when the shutter blades are switched to the closed state from the open state, the two parts all rotate towards the light through hole, and when all the shutter blades are in the closed state, all the shutter blades jointly and completely cover the light through hole.

Further, the shutter device further includes position detection means for detecting a position of at least one shutter blade in each shutter blade group.

Further, the driving structure comprises a motor, and the position detection device is used for detecting the position of a rotor of the motor, and the position of the corresponding shutter blade can be obtained through the position of the rotor.

Further, the position detection device comprises a hall sensor, and the hall sensor is arranged in the motor.

Further, the position detecting device includes a rotary encoder or a rotary transformer.

Further, the position detecting device is used for cooperating with the shutter blade to detect the position of the shutter blade.

Further, the position detection device comprises one or more of a Hall sensor, a reflection-type photoelectric switch, a correlation-type photoelectric switch and a contact-type position sensor.

Further, at least two shutter blade groups are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the light passing hole.

Further, the number of the shutter blade groups is n, wherein n is larger than or equal to 2, and when all the shutter blades in the n shutter blade groups are in a closed state, all the shutter blades in each shutter blade group at least cover 1/n area of the light through hole.

Furthermore, the number of the shutter blade groups is two, the number of the driving structures is two, and the two driving structures are respectively in driving connection with the two shutter blade groups.

Further, the positions of the two shutter blade groups are symmetrical along the center line of the light passing hole.

Further, the number of shutter blades in each shutter blade group is four.

Further, the at least two shutter blade groups have the same structure.

Further, in each shutter blade group, the driving structure drives an even number of shutter blades to rotate in synchronization.

Further, the shutter device further comprises at least one separation plate, wherein the separation plate separates two adjacent shutter blade groups in the extending direction of the central line of the light through hole and has a gap with the two shutter blade groups.

Further, still include the blade pivot, the shutter blade passes through the blade pivot and rotationally connects on the base, the shutter blade includes: the transmission blade is matched with the blade rotating shaft; and the switch main body blade is connected with the transmission blade in a bending way, and when the shutter blade is in a closed state, the switch main body blade covers a partial area of the light through hole.

Further, the switch main body blade of at least one shutter blade is flat as a whole.

The shutter blade limiting device comprises a base, a motion track extending line of the shutter blade penetrates through the limiting structure, and when the shutter blade is in an opening state and/or a closing state, the limiting structure limits the shutter blade.

Furthermore, the limiting structure is provided with a limiting surface, the shutter blades are provided with a limiting matching surface, and when the limiting structure limits the shutter blades, the limiting surface is attached to the limiting matching surface.

Further, still include the blade pivot, the shutter blade passes through the blade pivot and rotationally connects on the base, and drive structure includes motor and driving medium, and the driving medium setting is between motor and shutter blade, and the driving medium separates each other with the blade pivot, and the swing of motor drive driving medium, and the wobbling driving medium drives the shutter blade and rotates.

Furthermore, the shutter blades are provided with through holes, the through holes of the shutter blades in an even number are partially overlapped, the transmission member penetrates through the overlapped positions of the through holes, two stop surfaces are formed on the hole walls of two opposite sides of the through holes on the motion track of the transmission member, the blade rotating shafts are in one-to-one correspondence with the shutter blades, the blade rotating shafts are spaced from each other, and along with the swinging of the transmission member, the transmission member is in contact with one stop surface of each through hole and pushes the stop surface to move so as to drive the shutter blades to rotate along the corresponding direction.

Further, the motor includes a stator and a rotor located outside the stator, and the transmission member is connected to the rotor, and the transmission member is offset from and swings around a rotation shaft of the rotor.

Further, the transmission piece and the rotor are of an integrated structure.

Further, the motor includes the stator, is located the inboard rotor of stator and connects the output shaft on the rotor, and drive structure still includes intermediate junction spare, and output shaft and driving medium are connected on intermediate junction spare to driving medium and output shaft are at the interval each other in the direction of perpendicular to output shaft, and the driving medium swings around the output shaft.

In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a shooting apparatus including the shutter device described above.

According to the shutter device and the shooting device provided by the embodiment of the application, as at least two shutter blade groups are arranged along the circumferential direction of the light through hole, the length and the mass of the shutter blade of each shutter blade group are reduced compared with the situation that one shutter blade group is used for control, and each shutter blade group comprises at least two shutter blades, compared with the situation that one shutter blade is used for control, the width and the mass of each blade are reduced, so that the rotational inertia of each shutter blade is reduced. Each driving structure drives the shutter blades in one shutter blade group to rotate, so that if the output torque of the driving structure is the same as that of a group of shutter blades, the smaller the moment of inertia of the shutter blades is, the faster the angular speed of the shutter blades is, and the shutter speed is increased.

When the shutter blade is rotated to a certain position and is stopped, the impact torque applied to the shutter blade is proportional to the product of the inertia moment of the shutter blade and the angular velocity of the shutter blade. FalseLet the moment of inertia of the shutter blade be reduced to 1/a²The angular velocity of the shutter blade is increased to a times of the original angular velocity, and the impact torque applied to the shutter blade is 1/a of the original angular velocity, thereby improving the life of the shutter.

Therefore, in the shutter device and the shooting device of the embodiment of the application, the sufficient output torque is ensured to be provided by respectively driving one shutter blade group by each driving structure, the shutter speed is improved by reducing the moment of inertia of the shutter blades in the shutter blade group, and simultaneously, the impact torque which can be received when the shutter blades rotate to the right position and stop is reduced, and the shutter life is prolonged.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an exploded schematic view of a shutter apparatus according to one embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is an assembled front partial sectional view of the shutter device of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the assembled back side of the shutter device of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic side view of the shutter apparatus of FIG. 1 after assembly;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of one shutter blade group and a corresponding motor of the shutter device of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a shutter blade group and a corresponding motor of the shutter device of FIG. 1 assembled to a base;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of two shutter blade groups of the shutter device of FIG. 1 with respective motors mounted to a base;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of the shutter blade group of FIG. 7 in cooperation with a corresponding motor;

fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a shutter blade group of a shutter device according to another embodiment of the present application where the shutter blade group is engaged with a corresponding motor;

fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of two shutter blade groups, respective motors, and a partition plate of the shutter device of fig. 1 assembled to a base;

FIG. 11 is an enlarged schematic view at H of the shutter device of FIG. 1;

FIG. 12 is a schematic structural view of a motor and transmission members of the shutter device of FIG. 1;

fig. 13 is a schematic structural view of a motor, a transmission member, and an intermediate link of a shutter device according to another embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 14 is a schematic view of the shutter apparatus of FIG. 1 in a starting position during closing;

FIG. 15 is a schematic view of the shutter apparatus of FIG. 1 in a closed initial position during closing;

FIG. 16 is a schematic view of the shutter apparatus of FIG. 1 in a closed position at which effective closing action is initiated;

FIG. 17 is a schematic view of the shutter device of FIG. 1 showing the configuration in which the light passing hole is covered by 50% of the area during the closing process;

fig. 18 is a schematic structural view of the shutter device of fig. 1 in a position near the end of exposure during closing;

FIG. 19 is a schematic view of the shutter device of FIG. 1 in an end-of-exposure position during closing;

FIG. 20 is a schematic flowchart of a shutter blade synchronization method of a shutter device according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 21 is a schematic flow chart diagram illustrating the step of calculating a first time value for a first shutter blade of the synchronization method of FIG. 20;

FIG. 22 is a schematic flow chart diagram illustrating the step of calculating a second time value for a second shutter blade of the synchronization method of FIG. 20;

fig. 23 is a flowchart illustrating a control method (closing process applied to the shutter device) of the shutter device according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 24 is a schematic flow chart of a step of the control method of FIG. 23 for controlling the speed of the shutter blade in dependence on the position of the shutter blade;

FIG. 25 is a schematic flow chart of a shutter blade position calibration step of the control method of FIG. 23;

FIG. 26 is a diagram illustrating a parameter mapping relationship of a closing process of a shutter device according to an embodiment of the present application in an ideal situation;

fig. 27 is a flowchart illustrating a control method (an opening process applied to the shutter device) of the shutter device according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 28 is a schematic flow chart of a step of the control method of FIG. 27 for controlling the speed of the shutter blade in dependence on the position of the shutter blade;

FIG. 29 is a flowchart illustrating a shutter blade position calibration step of the control method of FIG. 27. It is noted that the drawings are not necessarily to scale and are merely illustrative in nature and not intended to obscure the reader.

Description of reference numerals:

10. a base; 11. a light through hole; 20. a shutter blade group; 21. a shutter blade; 211. a driving blade; 212. a switch body blade; 213. a limiting matching surface; 214. a stop surface; 215. a through hole; 216. a groove; 31. a motor; 311. an output shaft; 32. a transmission member; 33. an intermediate connecting member; 40. a Hall sensor; 50. a partition plate; 60. a blade rotating shaft; 70. a limiting structure; 71. a limiting surface; 80. a flexible circuit board; 81. a motor connecting part; 811. a bending section; 90. a divider support surface.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more clear, the technical solutions of the present application will be described below in detail and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present application. It should be apparent that the described embodiment is one embodiment of the present application and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the described embodiments of the application without any inventive step, are within the scope of protection of the application.

It should be noted that if the description of "first", "second", etc. is referred to herein, the description of "first", "second", etc. is only used for distinguishing similar objects, and is not to be construed as indicating or implying any relative importance, order or number of technical features indicated, and it should be understood that the data described in "first", "second", etc. may be interchanged where appropriate. If "and/or" is presented throughout, it is meant to include three juxtapositions, exemplified by "A and/or B" and including either scheme A, or scheme B, or schemes in which both A and B are satisfied. Furthermore, spatially relative terms, such as "above," "below," "top," "bottom," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one element or feature's spatial relationship to another element or feature as illustrated in the figures, and should be understood to encompass different orientations in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures.

Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.

Specifically, in the embodiments of the present application, the "amount of transmitted light" refers to the intensity of ambient light transmitted through the light transmitting hole of the shutter device. The term "optical envelope angle" refers to an angle at which a light ray passes through a certain cross section and is collected, and it is understood that, in the present embodiment, during the process that an ambient light ray enters the light-transmitting hole, enters the lens and finally projects onto the photosensitive element of the photographing device, a boundary surface exists in the light ray, and an included angle between two opposite boundary lines of the boundary surface can be regarded as the optical envelope angle.

The embodiment of the application provides a shutter device. Fig. 1 is an exploded schematic view of a shutter device according to an embodiment of the present application. Fig. 2 shows a front partial sectional view of the shutter device of fig. 1 after assembly. Fig. 3 shows a rear view of the shutter device of fig. 1 after assembly. Fig. 4 is a schematic side view showing an assembled shutter device of fig. 1. After the shutter device is assembled, the front surface of the shutter device is arranged on the side, matched with the upper cover, of the base 10 of the shutter device, and the back surface of the shutter device is arranged on the side, away from the upper cover, of the base 10 of the shutter device. Fig. 5 shows a schematic configuration diagram of one shutter blade group and the corresponding driving structure (motor 31) of the shutter device of fig. 1. Fig. 6 shows a schematic structural view in which one shutter blade group of the shutter device of fig. 1 and a corresponding driving structure (motor 31) are assembled to the base 10. Fig. 7 shows a schematic structural view in which two shutter blade groups of the shutter device of fig. 1 and a corresponding driving structure (motor 31) are assembled to the base 10.

The shutter device of the application can be applied to various equipment needing exposure, such as shooting equipment, a photoetching machine and the like. In the present embodiment, the shutter device is described as an example applied to a photographing apparatus.

As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the shutter device includes a base 10, at least two shutter blade groups 20, and at least two driving structures. Wherein the base 10 has a light passing hole 11. At least two shutter blade groups 20 are arranged on the base 10 in the circumferential direction of the light passing hole 11. Each shutter blade group 20 includes shutter blades 21, and in at least one shutter blade group 20, there are at least two shutter blades 21. Each driving structure drives one shutter blade group 20 to rotate the shutter blades 21 in the shutter blade group 20 and have an open state and a closed state. When all the shutter blades 21 in at least two shutter blade groups 20 are in the closed state, all the shutter blades 21 together completely cover the light passing hole 11.

The base 10 is used for bearing and mounting other components, the center of the base 10 is provided with a light through hole 11, and ambient light is projected onto a photosensitive element of the shooting device through the light through hole 11. When all the shutter blades 21 are in the open state, the light passing hole 11 is not blocked by any shutter blade 21, and the amount of light passing at this time is maximum. When all the shutter blades 21 are in the closed state, the light transmitting aperture 11 is covered by all the shutter blades 21 together, and the amount of transmitted light is zero.

Since the shutter blade groups 20 are provided in at least two, and the at least two shutter blade groups 20 are arranged in the circumferential direction of the light passing hole 11, the shutter blade 21 of each shutter blade group 20 is reduced in length and mass as compared with when control is performed using one shutter blade group, so that the moment of inertia of the shutter blade 21 is reduced. Further, the number of driving structures is the same as the number of shutter blade groups 20, and each driving structure drives the shutter blades 21 in one shutter blade group 20 to rotate, respectively. Therefore, if the output torque of the drive structure is the same as that of the conventional one, the smaller the moment of inertia of the shutter blade 21, the faster the angular velocity of the shutter blade 21, that is, the faster the shutter speed. Specifically, when the output torque of the driving structure is constant, the rotational kinetic energy is constant, and the moment of inertia of the shutter blade 21 is inversely proportional to the square of the angular velocity of the shutter blade 21.

When shutter blade 21 stops rotating to a certain position, it may hit a stop structure. In the case where the shutter blade 21 and the stopper structure have the same contact time, the impact torque to which the shutter blade 21 is subjected is proportional to the product of the moment of inertia of the shutter blade 21 and the angular velocity of the shutter blade 21. Suppose that the moment of inertia of shutter blade 21 is reduced to 1/a of the original²The angular velocity of the shutter blade 21 is increased by a times and the impact torque applied to the shutter blade 21 is 1/a of the original, thereby improving the shutter life.

Alternatively, the shutter device may further include position detection means that detects the position of at least one shutter blade 21 in each shutter blade group 20. The purpose of detecting the position of the shutter blade 21 is not limited herein, and may be to achieve synchronization between a plurality of shutter blade groups 20, for example, a plurality of shutter blade groups 20 start to perform an effective closing operation or an effective opening operation at the same time; or to achieve speed control, calibration, etc. of the shutter blade 21. The number of shutter blades 21 that detect the position and the manner of detecting the position, including but not limited to detecting a particular position or detecting the position in real time, need to be selected for the purpose of detecting the position.

It should be noted that, in order not to affect the propagation of light and the imaging effect, the driving structure and the position detecting device should be located in a space outside the light boundary surface (i.e. outside the region corresponding to the optical envelope angle).

In some embodiments of the present application, the drive structure includes a motor 31. The position detection means can be used to detect the position of the rotor of the motor 31, from which the position of the corresponding shutter blade 21 can be derived. The manner of directly detecting the rotor position (rotor rotation angle) of the motor 31 by the position detecting means is relatively simple, and the position detecting means is conveniently arranged.

It is understood that when there is one shutter blade 21 in one shutter blade group 20, the motor 31 may be directly in driving connection with the shutter blade 21, or may be in driving connection with the shutter blade 21 through a transmission structure. When there are at least two shutter blades 21 in one shutter blade group 20, the motor 31 needs to be drivingly connected to at least two shutter blades 21 through a transmission structure. In either case, the position detection device can calculate the position of the shutter blade 21 based on the connection mode between the shutter blade 21 and the rotor of the motor 31 and the specific configuration of the transmission structure after measuring the position of the rotor of the motor 31.

Fig. 11 shows an enlarged schematic view at H of the shutter device of fig. 1.

As shown in fig. 1, 3 and 11, in some embodiments of the present application, the position detection device includes a hall sensor 40. The hall sensor 40 is provided in the motor 31. The motor 31 is driven based on electromagnetic induction, and the rotation of the rotor of the motor 31 is accompanied by a change in the magnetic field intensity inside the motor 31. The hall sensor 40 can sensitively sense the change of the magnetic field and output a corresponding hall voltage value, and the current rotation angle of the rotor of the motor 31 is obtained according to the hall voltage value reflecting the change of the magnetic field. The Hall sensor 40 has high sensitivity, small volume, convenient arrangement, simple structure and long service life.

There are various ways in which the hall sensor 40 is provided in the motor 31. For example, the shutter device further includes a flexible circuit board 80, and the flexible circuit board 80 has a motor connection part 81 connected to an end of the motor 31, and is electrically connected to the motor 31 through the motor connection part 81. The motor connecting portion 81 is provided with a bent portion 811 bent toward the motor 31, and the hall sensor 40 is connected to the bent portion 811. When the motor connecting part 81 is connected with the motor 31, the hall sensor 40 is inserted into the inside of the motor 31.

It should be noted that the position detection device is not limited to the hall sensor 40, and in other embodiments, the position detection device may further include a rotary encoder or a rotary transformer. Wherein the rotary encoder is coaxial with the motor 31 and rotates synchronously with the motor 31, thereby directly measuring the rotation angle of the rotor of the motor 31. The resolver includes a transformer stator and a transformer rotor, and the transformer rotor needs to be connected to and synchronously rotated with the rotor of the motor 31 so as to measure the rotation angle of the rotor of the motor 31. The rotary encoder and the rotary transformer can also measure the rotor of the motor 31, but are bulky and inconvenient to install.

In other embodiments of the present application, a position detection device is used in conjunction with shutter blade 21 to detect the position of shutter blade 21. That is, the position detecting device can directly detect the position of the shutter blade 21, and in this way, the position information of the shutter blade 21 can be directly obtained without going through the estimation process from the rotor position of the motor 31 to the position of the shutter blade 21.

Optionally, the position detection means comprises a hall sensor. Since the Hall voltage value output by the Hall sensor changes with the change of the magnetic field intensity, if the magnetic field is properly set, the magnetic field intensity of the shutter blade 21 is changed by passing through the magnetic field in the rotating process, and the position of the shutter blade 21 can be directly measured by the Hall sensor. Of course, the position detecting device that directly detects the position of the shutter blade 21 is not limited to the hall sensor, but may include other types of position detecting devices, for example, one or more of a reflective type photoelectric switch, a correlation type photoelectric switch, and a contact type position sensor. Among them, it is to be noted that a reflection-type photoelectric switch, a correlation-type photoelectric switch, or a contact-type position sensor is generally used to detect a certain specific position of the shutter blade 21, such as a full-open position of the shutter blade 21 (a position of the shutter blade 21 just after the amount of light flux becomes its maximum), an exposure end position (a position of the shutter blade 21 just after the amount of light flux becomes zero), a start position, an end position, and the like.

As shown in fig. 2 and 7, in some embodiments of the present application, at least two shutter blade groups 20 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the light passing hole 11, so that the installation positions of each shutter blade group 20 and the corresponding driving structure on the base 10 can be uniformly distributed. In general, at least one of the shutter blade group 20 and the driving mechanism is connected to the base 10 at the mounting position, and the base 10 is subjected to an external force. Therefore, the uniform distribution of the mounting positions enables the base 10 to be more uniformly stressed.

Of course, it can be understood by those skilled in the art that the distribution manner of the at least two shutter blade groups 20 is not limited thereto, and in other embodiments of the present application, the at least two shutter blade groups 20 may be arranged in other manners. For example, at least two shutter blade groups 20 are non-uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the light-passing hole 11, and at this time, the shape and size of the shutter blades 21 in each shutter blade group 20 need to be designed reasonably so that all the shutter blades 21 can completely cover the light-passing hole 11 together when in the closed state.

In some embodiments of the present application, in a shutter blade assembly 20 where the shutter blades 21 are at least two, each shutter blade 21 moves in a predetermined motion pattern including, but not limited to, when to start turning, when to stop turning, how much overlap between adjacent shutter blades 21 changes during turning, etc., when the drive structure drives the shutter blade assembly 20.

Since there may be differences between the shutter blade groups 20 due to machining errors, assembly errors, fitting errors with the driving structure, and other factors, and the time to start the effective operation may be different even if each shutter blade group 20 starts to move at the same time, it is necessary to test and calibrate each shutter blade group 20 in synchronization so that each shutter blade group 20 can start the effective operation at the same time. The "effective action" may be an effective closing action or an effective opening action, and specifically, what is called "effective action start" may be determined according to the covered area of the light transmission hole or the amount of light transmission. In addition, there may be one or at least two shutter blades 21 in one shutter blade group 20, if there is one shutter blade 21, the time when the shutter blade group 20 starts to move means the time when the one shutter blade 21 starts to rotate, and when the shutter blade group 20 starts to operate effectively, the shutter blade 21 is at the corresponding effective operation position; when the shutter blade group 20 starts to operate, the time when the shutter blade group 20 starts to operate means the time when the shutter blade 21, which operates first, of the at least two shutter blades 21 starts to rotate, and when the shutter blade group 20 starts to operate effectively, each of the shutter blades 21 is at its effective operation position.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 1 to 4 and 7, there are two shutter blade groups 20 and two driving structures, and the two driving structures are respectively in driving connection with the two shutter blade groups 20. Since the synchronization calibration is required between the shutter blade groups 20, it is easier to set the shutter blade groups 20 to two for synchronization. Of course, the number of the shutter blade groups 20 is not limited to two, and in another embodiment not shown in the drawings, the number of the shutter blade groups 20 may be three or more, for example, five shutter blade groups 20, and in this case, synchronization may be achieved by using a control method, or synchronous linkage may be achieved by using a structural member.

Fig. 14 to 19 show a closing process of the shutter device of fig. 1. Fig. 14 shows a schematic configuration diagram of the shutter device at a start position, fig. 15 shows a schematic configuration diagram of the shutter device at an initial position of a closing action, fig. 16 shows a schematic configuration diagram of the shutter device at a position where an effective closing action is started, fig. 17 shows a schematic configuration diagram of the shutter device when the light transmission hole 11 is covered by 50% of the area during the closing process, fig. 18 shows a schematic configuration diagram of the shutter device at a position near an exposure end position, and fig. 19 shows a schematic configuration diagram of the shutter device at the exposure end position.

As shown in fig. 2, 7 and 14 to 19, in some embodiments of the present application, the two shutter blade groups 20 are positioned symmetrically along the center line of the light passing hole 11. The above-described positional relationship of the two shutter blade groups 20 is easy to arrange, and sufficient space is left for the shutter blades 21 in each shutter blade group 20, facilitating the shape and size design of each shutter blade 21. Specifically, when all the shutter blades 21 in the two shutter blade groups 20 are in the closed state, all the shutter blades 21 in each shutter blade group 20 cover at least one-half area of the light passing hole 11. That is, in designing the shape and size of the shutter blades 21, each shutter blade group 20 is designed to cover at least one-half area of the light passing hole 11, so that there is no case where one shutter blade group 20 is too large and the other shutter blade group 20 is too small, thereby making the mass distribution more uniform. It should be noted that, in order to ensure that the light passing hole 11 is covered effectively, a certain overlap amount exists between the two shutter blade groups 20, and under the premise that a certain overlap amount is left and each shutter blade group 20 covers at least one half area of the light passing hole 11, the length of the shutter blade 21 of each shutter blade group 20 can be designed to be shorter as much as possible, thereby being beneficial to reducing the moment of inertia.

Of course, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the number of shutter blade groups 20 may be other numbers. At this time, let the number of shutter blade groups 20 be n, where n > 2. When all the shutter blades 21 in the n shutter blade groups 20 are in the closed state, all the shutter blades 21 in each shutter blade group 20 cover at least 1/n area of the light-passing hole 11, and the specific functions and the aspects that need attention are similar to those described above, and are not described again here. In other embodiments where two shutter blade groups 20 are provided, the two shutter blade groups 20 may be asymmetrically distributed, for example, the connecting line between the centers of the two shutter blade groups 20 forms an obtuse angle, in which case, the shutter blades 21 in each shutter blade group 20 need to be designed reasonably so that all the shutter blades 21 can cover the light-passing hole 11.

In some embodiments of the present application, in the shutter blade group 20 in which the shutter blades 21 are at least two, when the shutter blades 21 are in the open state, a part of the at least two shutter blades 21 and the remaining part thereof are located on both sides of the light passing hole 11, respectively, and when the shutter blades 21 are switched from the open state to the closed state, the two parts are rotated toward the light passing hole 11.

As shown in fig. 14 to 19, taking the closing process of the shutter device as an example, when the shutter device is opened, the two shutter blades 21 of the shutter blade group 20 are in the open state, specifically, the two shutter blades 21 are respectively located at both sides of the light passing hole 11, thereby fully utilizing the space on the base 10 and facilitating the reduction of the volume of the shutter device. When the shutter device needs to be closed, the two shutter blades 21 respectively rotate towards the light through hole 11, and stop until the two shutter blades 21 rotate to the corresponding areas (the areas covered by the shutter blade group 20) which can jointly cover the light through hole 11. The above-described manner can shorten the angle by which each shutter blade 21 needs to be turned as much as possible, thereby reducing the time required for the shutter device to close. The opening process of the shutter device is opposite to the closing process of the shutter device, and is not described in detail herein.

Preferably, the number of the shutter blades 21 is even, and the number of the two parts of the even number of the shutter blades 21 located at both sides of the light passing hole 11 is equal, so that the two parts of the shutter blades 21 in one shutter blade group 20 can be more symmetrical, which is convenient for arrangement on one hand, and for designing the preset movement pattern of the shutter blades 21 on the other hand, for example, the preset movement patterns of the two parts of the shutter blades 21 can be set to be the same except for the opposite rotation directions. Of course, the number of shutter blades 21 is not limited to an even number, and in another embodiment not shown in the figure, the number of shutter blades 21 may be an odd number, and in this case, the number of two portions of the shutter blades 21 located on both sides of the light transmitting hole 11 is not equal. For example, the number of the shutter blades 21 is five, wherein three shutter blades 21 are located at one side of the light passing hole 11, and two shutter blades 21 are located at the other side of the light passing hole 11.

In other embodiments of the present application, in the shutter blade group 20 in which the shutter blades 21 are at least two, the rotation directions of at least two shutter blades 21 are the same. That is, when the shutter device is opened, the shutter blades 21 are all located at one side of the light passing hole 11, and when the shutter device needs to be closed, all the shutter blades 21 are rotated toward the other side of the light passing hole 11 until the light passing hole 11 is completely covered and the respective shutter blades 21 are closed in place. Although this method can finally open and close the light-transmitting hole 11, compared to the above-described method in which the two shutter blades 21 are located on both sides of the light-transmitting hole 11, a large space is required on the base 10 to accommodate all the shutter blades 21 when the shutter device is opened, thereby increasing the volume of the shutter device; in addition, turning all the shutter blades 21 in one direction increases the angle by which the shutter blades 21 need to be turned, and increases the time required for closing or opening at the same turning speed.

As shown in fig. 2, 7, and 14 to 19, in some embodiments of the present application, in at least one shutter blade group 20, the shutter blades 21 are four. If the number of the shutter blades 21 in one shutter blade group 20 is small, the area of a single shutter blade 21 is large to ensure that the light passing hole 11 can be completely covered, which may increase the weight of a single shutter blade 21, and if the shutter blade 21 hits a limit structure when rotating to a stop, the weight of the shutter blade 21 increases, which may result in a large impact force and easy rebound. Meanwhile, since the area of a single shutter blade 21 is large, the area of the overlapping portion between adjacent shutter blades 21 is likely to be increased, which easily causes light leakage. In addition, in general, the more the shutter blades 21 in one shutter blade group 20, the smaller the average value of the angles that the shutter blades 21 need to be rotated, and the faster the opening and closing speed of the shutter blade group 20. However, if the number of shutter blades 21 in one shutter blade group 20 is too large, the positions where the respective shutter blades 21 need to overlap with each other increase, and light is easily leaked from the gap at the overlapping position. At the same time, the total mass of shutter blade 21 is also increased and the overall moment of inertia is not significantly reduced. In general, it is most appropriate to set the shutter blades 21 in one shutter blade group 20 to four. Of course, it is understood that the number of shutter blades 21 in one shutter blade group 20 is not limited to four, and may be selectively set to other numbers as needed.

Preferably, in the shutter blade group 20 where the shutter blades 21 are at least two, the driving structure drives the at least two shutter blades 21 to rotate synchronously. Wherein "synchronously rotating" means that at least two shutter blades 21 start moving at the same time and stop moving at the same time. If at least two shutter blades 21 are not rotated synchronously, a situation occurs in which one shutter blade 21 is rotated to a position to stop and the other shutter blade 21 is still rotated, and the rotated shutter blade 21 may interfere with the stopped shutter blade 21, for example, the stopped shutter blade 21 is driven to deviate from its position, thereby reducing the position accuracy of the shutter blade 21. Therefore, at least two shutter blades 21 are set to start and stop the movement at the same time, so that the above-described problem can be avoided and the accuracy of the position of the shutter blades 21 can be secured to some extent. At this time, the timing at which the shutter blade group 20 starts moving refers to the timing at which at least two shutter blades 21 start rotating at the same time.

Of course, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that at least two shutter blades 21 in one shutter blade group 20 may not be operated synchronously. For example, four shutter blades 21 are symmetrically disposed on two sides of the light-passing hole 11, when the shutter device starts to close, two symmetrical shutter blades 21 start to rotate towards the light-passing hole 11, and after rotating a certain angle, the remaining two shutter blades 21 start to rotate again. It should be noted that the two shutter blades 21 located on the same side of the light-passing hole 11 always overlap during the rotation process, so as to ensure that no light leakage occurs between the shutter blades 21 on the same side during the process of covering the light-passing hole 11. The above example shows only one case where the shutter blades 21 do not move synchronously, and there are many cases where the shutter blades do not move synchronously, and no example is given here.

As shown in fig. 2, 5, 6 and 7, in some embodiments of the present application, the shutter device further includes a blade rotating shaft 60, and the shutter blade 21 is rotatably coupled to the base 10 by the blade rotating shaft 60. The shutter blade 21 is capable of rotating about the blade rotation shaft 60 by the driving of the driving mechanism. The shutter blade 21 includes a driving blade 211 and a switch body blade 212. The driving blade 211 is engaged with the blade rotating shaft 60. The switch body blade 212 is connected with the transmission blade 211 in a bending way. When the shutter blade 21 is in the closed state, the switch body blade 212 covers a partial area of the light passing hole 11. When the shutter blade 21 is in the open state, the shutter blade 21 needs to be rotated to a position completely avoiding the light-passing hole 11, and the shutter blade 21 is arranged to include at least two parts connected by the above-mentioned bend, so that the space occupied by the whole shutter blade 21 can be reduced, and the miniaturization design of the shutter device is facilitated. In this embodiment, the switch main body blade 212 of at least one shutter blade 21 is flat as a whole, and the flat structure is simpler and is easy to manufacture. In addition, through the reasonable design of the angle between the driving blade 211 and the switch main body blade 212 and the position of the driving blade 211, most of the switch main body blade 212 can be used for covering the light through hole 11 when each shutter blade 21 is in a closed state, and the effective utilization rate of the shutter blade 21 is improved.

Although the specific shape of the shutter blade 21 is not limited to this, in other embodiments, the shutter blade 21 may have another shape, for example, the entire shutter blade 21 may be curved or flat, but it is necessary to ensure that all the shutter blades 21 can completely cover the light transmitting hole 11 by reasonable design such as the turning point of the shutter blade 21 and the structure thereof, and the overlapping amount between adjacent shutter blades 21 cannot be excessively large. Furthermore, if the shutter blade 21 includes a driving blade 211 and a switch body blade 212 that are connected at an angle, the switch body blade 212 may have other shapes, for example, the switch body blade 212 may have a curved shape.

As shown in fig. 7, in some embodiments of the present application, at least two shutter blade groups 20 are identical in structure. The phrase "identical in structure" means that the number of shutter blades 21 in each shutter blade group 20 is the same, the preset movement pattern between the respective shutter blades 21 in each shutter blade group 20 is the same, and the structure itself of the corresponding shutter blade 21 between each shutter blade group 20 is the same. Besides, the mounting directions of the at least two shutter blade groups 20 with respect to the base 10 may be different. For example, in the shutter device shown in fig. 1, 2, and 7, the two shutter blade groups 20 are mounted in opposite directions to the base 10. The at least two shutter blade groups 20 are arranged to have the same structure, so that the processing and manufacturing are facilitated on the one hand, and a set of control strategy can be used on the other hand, so that the shutter blade group is simpler and more convenient.

Of course, the specific meaning of "the same structure" is not limited to the above. For example, in other embodiments of the present application, the structures of at least two shutter blade groups 20 may be the same, such as the number of shutter blades 21, the preset movement pattern between each shutter blade 21, the structure of the corresponding shutter blade 21 between each shutter blade group 20, and the installation direction of the shutter blade group 20 relative to the base 10; or the number of the shutter blades 21 is the same as the structure of the shutter blades 21 corresponding to each shutter blade group 20, and the preset movement pattern between the respective shutter blades 21 is different from the installation direction of the shutter blade group 20 with respect to the base 10. In other embodiments of the present invention, at least two shutter blade groups 20 may be different, so that the shutter device can be ensured to normally open and close.

Fig. 12 shows a schematic configuration diagram of the motor 31 and the transmission member 32 of the shutter device of fig. 1.

As shown in fig. 1, 3-7 and 12, in some embodiments of the present application, the driving structure includes a motor 31, and the motor 31 is drivingly connected to the corresponding shutter blade group 20. Each motor 31 is disposed in a limited space outside the light ray boundary surface, i.e., outside the region corresponding to the optical envelope angle. Next, the rotational inertia, shutter speed, impact torque, and the like are analyzed by taking as an example that the motor 31 drives the shutter blade group 20, the two shutter blade groups 20 cover half areas of the light transmitting hole 11, the four shutter blades 21 in each shutter blade group 20, and the two shutter blade groups 20 have the same structure.

The rotational angular velocity of the rotating mechanism is determined by both the driving torque and the moment of inertia of the rotating member. Specifically, the driving torque is set to the output torque of the motor 31, and the turning member is set to the shutter blades 21 in the single shutter blade group 20.

The magnitude of the moment of inertia depends on the shape of the rotating part, the mass distribution and the position of the axis of rotation. Compared with the existing single shutter blade group, after the two shutter blade groups 20 are improved, the thickness of the shutter blade 21 in the shutter blade group 20 is unchanged, and the length and the mass of each shutter blade 21 are reduced. The moment of inertia of shutter blade 21 was reduced to about 1/4 for the prior art shutter blade as measured by internal testing.

The fixed-axis rotation law of the rotating part is as follows:

E_k＝1/2Jω²-----------------------------------------(1)

wherein E is_kIs the rotational kinetic energy of the rotating member, J is the moment of inertia of the rotating member, and ω is the angular velocity of the rotating member.

Since the two shutter blade groups 20 are driven by the two motors 31, respectively, the volume of the single motor 31The rotational kinetic energy E of the shutter blade 21 in the formula (1) is the same as that in the prior art in terms of the magnitude and electrical parameters_kWithout changing, the moment of inertia J of the shutter blade 21 is reduced to about 1/4 for the existing shutter blade, and the angular velocity ω of the shutter blade 21 is increased by about 2 times the existing shutter blade, thereby increasing the shutter speed.

When the shutter blade group 20 stops rotating in place, it may hit the stopper structure. During the impact, the relationship between the impact torque received by the shutter blade 21 in the shutter blade group 20 and its moment of inertia and angular velocity is:

M×△t＝J×△ω--------------------------------------(2)

where M is an impact torque received by the shutter blade 21, Δ t is an impact contact time, J is a moment of inertia of the shutter blade 21, and Δ ω is a difference between an angular velocity of the shutter blade 21 before the impact and a final angular velocity of the shutter blade 21 after the impact, and since the final angular velocity of the shutter blade 21 becomes zero, a value of Δ ω is an angular velocity of the shutter blade 21 before the impact.

Assuming that the impact contact time Δ t is constant, the moment of inertia J of the shutter blade 21 is reduced to about 1/4 of the conventional shutter blade, and the angular velocity ω of the shutter blade 21 is increased to about 2 times that of the conventional shutter blade, and it is understood from equation (2) that the impact torque M applied to the shutter blade 21 is about 1/2 of the conventional shutter blade. That is, although the angular velocity of the shutter blade 21 is increased, the impact torque received is rather reduced due to the reduction of the moment of inertia thereof, thereby improving the shutter life.

In summary, on the premise that the thickness of the shutter blade 21, the volume of the motor 31 and the electrical parameters are not changed, the shutter speed and the shutter life are improved by modifying the existing single shutter blade set into two shutter blade sets 20 and driving the two shutter blade sets by using the two motors 31 respectively.

In some embodiments of the present application, a bidirectional self-holding electromagnet is used in the motor 31, which is more suitable for the use scenario of the shutter device. Specifically, when the shutter blade 21 of the shutter device needs to be in an open state or a closed state, the bidirectional self-holding electromagnet inside the motor 31 can keep the shutter blade 21 in a corresponding position after the motor is powered off, and can withstand a certain impact. There are various ways for realizing bidirectional holding by a bidirectional self-holding electromagnet, for example, two ends of the electromagnet are respectively embedded with a magnetic part, and when the electromagnet moves to any side, the electromagnet can be adsorbed by the magnetic force of the permanent magnet in the shutter device, so that bidirectional holding is realized. Of course, it is understood that in other embodiments, a one-way holding electromagnet may be used in the motor 31, as long as it is ensured that the shutter blade 21 can stay at the corresponding positions of opening and closing.

Fig. 10 shows a schematic structural view in which two shutter blade groups, corresponding driving structures (motors 31), and a separation plate 50 of the shutter device of fig. 1 are mounted to a base 10.

As shown in fig. 1 and 10, in some embodiments of the present application, the shutter device further includes at least one separation plate 50. The partition plate 50 partitions the two shutter blade groups 20 adjacent to each other in the extending direction of the center line of the light passing hole 11 with a gap from the two shutter blade groups 20. The partition plate 50 can separate two adjacent shutter blade groups 20, thereby avoiding interference between the two shutter blade groups 20. A gap is provided between the separation plate 50 and the shutter blade group 20, so that the separation plate 50 is prevented from affecting the operation of the shutter blade group 20. Preferably, the thickness of the partition plate 50 is small, thereby forming a thin sheet structure, and minimizing the occupied space while performing a partition function. The partition plate 50 is a one-piece structure completely covering the base 10, and has an avoiding hole in the middle thereof to avoid the light passing hole 11. The partition plate 50 is made of a light blocking material, thereby preventing light leakage from the partition plate 50.

The material of the partition plate 50 is not limited to this, and in another embodiment, the partition plate 50 may be made of a non-light-shielding material such as a transparent material, but in this case, a light-shielding portion needs to be provided on the outer edge of the partition plate 50, the hole wall of the avoiding hole, or the like, to prevent light leakage. In addition, the partition plate 50 is not limited to a one-piece structure that completely covers the base 10, and in other embodiments, a plurality of partition plates 50 may be provided, each of the plurality of partition plates 50 may be provided at a position where interference between the two shutter blade groups 20 is likely to occur, or the plurality of partition plates 50 may be collectively spliced into a one-piece structure.

As shown in fig. 2, 6, 7 and 10, in some embodiments of the present application, the shutter device further includes a position limiting structure 70. The stopper structure 70 is provided on the base 10. The extension line of the motion trail of shutter blade 21 passes through limit structure 70. When the shutter blade 21 is in the open state and/or the closed state, the position limiting structure 70 limits the shutter blade 21 to prevent excessive movement of the shutter blade 21. The above-mentioned limit structure 70 is set on the extension line of the motion trail of the shutter blade 21, when the shutter blade 21 is opened and/or closed in place, if the speed of the shutter blade 21 is reduced to zero, the shutter blade 21 contacts with the limit structure 70 at this moment; if the speed of shutter blade 21 is not reduced to zero, shutter blade 21 will now strike stop 70, and stop 70 absorbs the kinetic energy of shutter blade 21, thereby reducing the speed of shutter blade 21 to zero. In the specific embodiment shown in fig. 7 and 10, there are two shutter blade groups 20, four limiting structures 70, and four limiting structures 70 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the base 10. When shutter blades 21 are opened in place, each shutter blade 21 cooperates with a corresponding stop structure 70.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the number and the arrangement positions of the position restricting structures 70 are not limited thereto, and may be designed according to the specific arrangement of the shutter blades 21 and the position where the position restricting is required. For example, if the shutter blades 21 in one shutter blade group 20 rotate in one direction, the position-limiting structure 70 needs to be disposed on one side of the light-passing hole 11, after the shutter blades 21 are opened in place, each shutter blade 21 is matched with the position-limiting structure 70, and the manner of disposing the position-limiting structures 70 corresponding to other shutter blade groups 20 is the same, and will not be described again.

The limiting structure 70 is also not limited to limiting when the shutter blade 21 is opened in place, and in other embodiments of the present application, the limiting structure 70 may limit the shutter blade 21 when the shutter blade 21 is closed in place. For example, when the shutter blade 21 is in the closed state, the end of the shutter blade 21 away from the blade rotating shaft 60 rotates beyond the light passing hole 11, and at this time, a limiting structure 70 needs to be arranged at the side of the light passing hole 11, and the limiting structure 70 is matched with the end of the shutter blade 21 away from the blade rotating shaft 60 for limiting.

Preferably, the position limiting structure 70 has a position limiting surface 71, and the shutter blade 21 has a position limiting mating surface 213. When the position limiting structure 70 limits the shutter blade 21, the position limiting surface 71 is attached to the position limiting mating surface 213. If the shutter blade 21 needs to strike the position-limiting structure 70, the position-limiting surface 71 and the position-limiting mating surface 213 are in surface-to-surface fit, so that the striking contact area is increased, the impact on the part caused by the strike is reduced, and the risk of damage to the shutter blade 21 and the position-limiting structure 70 is reduced to a certain extent. In the embodiments shown in fig. 2, 6, 7 and 10, the position-limiting surface 71 and the position-limiting mating surface 213 are both planar, and have simple structure and convenient processing. Of course, the specific shapes of the limiting surface 71 and the limiting engagement surface 213 are not limited thereto, and in other embodiments not shown in the drawings, the limiting surface 71 and the limiting engagement surface 213 may also be curved surfaces with the same curvature or other irregular surface structures, so long as the shapes of the limiting surface 71 and the limiting engagement surface 213 are matched and can be attached to each other.

In some embodiments of the present application, the retention structure 70 is made of a cushioning material. When the shutter blade 21 hits the position limiting structure 70, the position limiting structure 70 made of the buffering material can better absorb the kinetic energy of the shutter blade 21, thereby playing a role of buffering, and further reducing the risk of damage to the shutter blade 21 and the position limiting structure 70. Of course, the stop structure 70 is not limited to being made of a cushioning material, and in other embodiments, the stop structure 70 may be made of other materials.

In the specific embodiment shown in fig. 6, 7 and 10, there are partition plate support surfaces 90 between the four limit structures 70, and the partition plate support surfaces 90 are slightly lower than the limit structures 70 in the extending direction of the center line of the light passing hole 11. The partition plate 50 is one, and the shape of the partition plate 50 is matched with the shape enclosed by the four limit structures 70. The divider plate 50 is attached to the divider plate support surface 90 after assembly. The partition plate support surface 90 can support the partition plate 50 so that a space for accommodating one shutter blade group 20 is formed between the partition plate 50 and the bottom surface of the base 10. It is understood that the assembly manner of the partition plate 50 and the base 10 is not limited thereto, and in other embodiments, the partition plate 50 may be assembled by other manners, such as being directly connected to the side wall of the limiting structure 70 through a connecting member.

Fig. 8 shows a schematic structural view of the shutter blade group of fig. 7 where it is engaged with a corresponding driving structure (motor 31). Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view showing a position where a shutter blade group of a shutter device according to another embodiment of the present application is engaged with a corresponding driving structure (motor 31).

As shown in fig. 2 and 6 to 8, in some embodiments of the present application, the shutter device further includes a blade rotating shaft 60, and the shutter blade 21 is rotatably connected to the base 10 by the blade rotating shaft 60. The drive structure further comprises an actuator 32, which actuator 32 is arranged between the motor 31 and the shutter blade 21. The transmission member 32 is spaced from the blade shaft 60. The motor 31 drives the transmission member 32 to swing, and the swinging transmission member 32 drives the shutter blade 21 to rotate. Since the blade pivot 60 is the pivot of the shutter blade 21 and the point of action of the actuator 32 with the shutter blade 21 is spaced from the pivot, it is more labor-saving to swing the actuator 32 to rotate the shutter blade 21. Of course, the positional relationship between the transmission member 32 and the blade rotation shaft 60 is not limited to this, and in other embodiments, the transmission member 32 and the blade rotation shaft 60 may be disposed coaxially. For example, the transmission member 32 is coaxially connected to the blade rotating shaft 60, and at this time, the motor 31 needs to drive the transmission member 32 and the blade rotating shaft 60 to rotate together, and the blade rotating shaft 60 is fixedly connected to the shutter blade 21, so as to drive the shutter blade 21 to rotate.

As shown in FIG. 8, in this embodiment, the shutter blade 21 is provided with a driving engagement portion having two stop surfaces 214. The two stop surfaces 214 are spaced apart on the path of movement of the transmission element 32. The transmission element 32 is arranged between the two stop surfaces 214. As the driving member 32 swings, the driving member 32 contacts a stop surface 214 and pushes the stop surface 214 to move, thereby rotating the shutter blade 21 in a corresponding direction. The engagement of the transmission element 32 with the two stop surfaces 214 is simple and reliable. Of course, the way in which the actuator 32 rotates the shutter blade 21 is not limited to this, and in other embodiments, the actuator 32 may also cooperate with the shutter blade 21 in other ways, such as a pivotal connection between the actuator 32 and the shutter blade 21.

As shown in FIG. 8, in some embodiments of the present application, the drive engagement portion includes a through hole 215 that opens onto shutter blade 21. The transmission member 32 is inserted into the through hole 215. The through-hole 215 forms a stop surface 214 on opposite side walls of the hole on the path of movement of the transmission element 32. The transmission member 32 is more simply inserted into the through hole 215, and no matter how the transmission member 32 swings, it will contact with a part of the hole wall of the through hole 215 and will not be separated from the through hole 215. As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, the stop surface 214 may be formed in a variety of ways and is not limited to being formed by the walls of the through-hole 215. For example, as shown in FIG. 9, in other embodiments of the present application, the drive engagement portion includes a groove 216 that opens onto an edge of shutter blade 21. The transmission member 32 is disposed through the groove 216. The recess 216 has groove walls on opposite sides of the path of movement of the transmission element 32 and which form the stop faces 214.

As shown in fig. 2 and fig. 6 to 8, in some embodiments of the present application, in the shutter blade group 20 in which the shutter blades 21 are at least two, the transmission fitting portions of at least two shutter blades 21 are partially overlapped. The transmission member 32 is simultaneously inserted into the position where the transmission engagement portions overlap. The blade shafts 60 correspond to the shutter blades 21 one by one, and the blade shafts 60 are spaced from each other. At least two shutter blades 21 can be driven to rotate by one transmission member 32, so that the operation is more convenient, the number of parts can be reduced, and the motion reliability is improved. The manner of turning the at least two shutter blades 21 is not limited to this, and may be implemented in other forms in other embodiments. For example, the driving members 32 are provided in plural in one-to-one correspondence with the shutter blades 21, each driving member 32 is fitted to one shutter blade 21, and an intermediate driving structure is provided between the motor 31 and the plural driving members 32 to allow the plural driving members 32 to swing.

As shown in fig. 12, in some embodiments of the present application, the motor 31 includes a stator and a rotor located outside the stator. The transmission member 32 is connected to the rotor, and the transmission member 32 is offset from and oscillates about the rotational axis of the rotor. That is, the transmission member 32 is connected to the rotor and rotates together around the rotational axis of the rotor, and the rotation of the transmission member 32 is limited within a certain angular range. Preferably, the transmission member 32 is of unitary construction with the rotor. Since the driving member 32 is a main component for driving the shutter blade 21 to rotate, the driving member 32 and the rotor are integrally formed, which is beneficial to ensuring the overall strength of the driving member 32 and the rotor, thereby ensuring the reliability of the rotation of the shutter blade 21. It will be appreciated that in other embodiments, the transmission member 32 and the rotor may be separate structures. In addition, the positional relationship between the stator and the rotor of the motor 31 and the connection relationship between the transmission member 32 and the motor 31 are not limited to this, and in other embodiments, other modes that can realize the oscillation of the transmission member 32 may be used.

Fig. 13 is a schematic structural view showing a motor 31, a transmission member 32, and an intermediate link member 33 of a shutter device according to another embodiment of the present application.

In other embodiments of the present application, as shown in fig. 13, the motor 31 includes a stator, a rotor inside the stator, and an output shaft 311 connected to the rotor. The drive structure further comprises an intermediate connection 33. The output shaft 311 and the transmission member 32 are connected to the intermediate link member 33, and the transmission member 32 and the output shaft 311 are spaced from each other in a direction perpendicular to the output shaft 311. The transmission member 32 oscillates about the output shaft 311. In this embodiment, since the rotor of the motor 31 rotates about its central axis, an intermediate coupling member 33 is provided between the output shaft 311 of the rotor and the transmission member 32, and the transmission member 32 and the output shaft 311 are provided at a distance from each other on the intermediate coupling member 33, in order to realize the swing of the transmission member 32. The intermediate connecting member 33 may be any structure such as a disk, a connecting rod, etc. that can be used to connect the transmission member 32 and the output shaft 311 at intervals.

In addition, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the driving structure is not limited to including the motor 31, and in other embodiments, the driving structure may include various driving structures capable of realizing driving of the shutter blade group 20.

For example, in some embodiments, the drive structure includes an electromagnet, a magnetically attracted member, and an elastic member. Wherein, the magnetic attraction piece and the elastic piece are connected with the shutter blade 21. The elastic member applies an elastic force to the shutter blade 21. When the electromagnet is energized, the electromagnet attracts the magnetic attracting member to apply a magnetic force to the shutter blade 21, the magnetic force being in a direction opposite to the above-mentioned elastic force, and the magnetic force overcomes the elastic force to rotate the shutter blade 21 toward the electromagnet. When the electromagnet is powered off, the magnetic force disappears, and the shutter blade 21 is reset under the action of the elastic force.

For another example, in some embodiments, the drive structure includes a first magnetic element, a second magnetic element, and a coil. Wherein the first magnetic member is connected to the shutter blade 21. The second magnetic member is connected to the base 10. The coil is wound on the first magnetic member and/or the second magnetic member. The magnetic pole direction of the corresponding magnetic part is changed by changing the direction of the current in the coil, so that the first magnetic part and the second magnetic part repel or attract each other. The driving of the shutter blade 21 is achieved by the first magnetic member and the second magnetic member repelling or attracting each other.

The embodiment of the application also provides shooting equipment which can be a camera, a video camera, a pan-tilt camera, shooting equipment for an unmanned aerial vehicle and the like. The shooting equipment of the embodiment of the application comprises the shutter device, and the shutter speed and the shutter service life of the shutter device are improved, so that the exposure precision, the use reliability and other aspects of the shooting equipment are correspondingly improved to a certain extent.

The shutter blades of the shutter device may have differences due to factors such as machining errors, assembly errors, matching errors with a driving structure and the like, so that the problem of asynchronism among the plurality of shutter blades is caused. In order to at least partially solve the problem, embodiments of the present application further provide a shutter blade synchronization method of a shutter device. FIG. 20 is a flowchart illustrating a shutter blade synchronization method of a shutter device according to an embodiment of the present application. FIG. 21 shows a flowchart of the step of calculating a first time value of a first shutter blade of the synchronization method of FIG. 20. FIG. 22 shows a flowchart of the step of calculating a second time value for a second shutter blade of the synchronization method of FIG. 20.

As shown in fig. 20, the shutter blade synchronization method of the shutter device specifically includes the steps of:

step S120: acquiring a first time value of a first shutter blade and a second time value of a second shutter blade, wherein the first time value is the time from the beginning of the first shutter blade to the arrival of the first effective action position, and the second time value is the time from the beginning of the second shutter blade to the arrival of the second effective action position;

step S130: calculating the difference between the first time value and the second time value to obtain a time difference value;

step S140: and performing synchronous correction according to the time difference, comprising the following steps:

one of the first shutter blade and the second shutter blade is controlled to start moving, and after the absolute value of the time difference is delayed, the other of the first shutter blade and the second shutter blade is controlled to start moving.

The first shutter blade and the second shutter blade are controlled to start moving first according to the positive and negative of the time difference, so that the time when the first shutter blade moves to the first effective action position is the same as the time when the second shutter blade moves to the second effective action position, or the difference between the time when the first shutter blade moves to the first effective action position and the time when the second shutter blade moves to the second effective action position is within a preset range.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that since the shutter blades of the shutter device are disposed in various ways, the objects to be corrected for synchronization using the shutter blade synchronization method described above may be different. For example, in some embodiments, the shutter device includes a plurality of shutter blade groups 20, each shutter blade group 20 including a plurality of shutter blades 21 therein, each shutter blade 21 in each shutter blade group 20 moving in a fixed preset motion. At this time, the synchronization problem between the shutter blades 21 in each shutter blade group 20 may be ignored, and the synchronization correction between the plurality of shutter blade groups 20 is emphasized, specifically, one shutter blade 21 may be selected from the plurality of shutter blade groups 20, and the shutter blades 21 may be synchronized in pairs. Of course, in other embodiments, if it is necessary to consider the synchronization problem between the shutter blades 21 in each shutter blade group 20, a part or all of the shutter blades 21 in each shutter blade group 20 may be synchronized two by two.

It should be noted that, if the number of objects for synchronization correction is greater than two, the two objects may be synchronized in sequence. Therefore, the shutter blade synchronization method provided by the embodiment of the application mainly synchronizes two shutter blades, and in practical application, two shutter blades are sequentially synchronized according to the number of the shutter blades which need to be synchronized.

First, the time from the start of movement to the start of the effective action of each shutter blade is acquired. The effective motion of each shutter blade is the same, namely the motion of the shutter blades which needs to be synchronously performed. An "effective action" may be a number of critical actions that need to be synchronized during shutter blade movement, such as an effective closing action, an effective opening action, and the like.

Specifically, a first time value of a first shutter blade and a second time value of a second shutter blade are obtained. Wherein the first time value is the time T from the first shutter blade moving to the first effective motion (i.e. reaching the first effective motion position)₁The second time value is the time T from the start of the second shutter blade to the start of the effective movement (i.e. to the second effective movement position)₂. Secondly, a first time value T is calculated₁And a second time value T₂Time difference Δ T. In particular, T₁And T₂Is different in size, let T be T₁-T₂When T is₁>T₂When Δ T is positive, when T₁<T₂When the number of the blades is larger than the preset value, the absolute value of the delta T is a delay time value required for controlling the synchronization of the shutter blades.

And finally, carrying out synchronous correction according to the time difference Delta T. Specifically, one of the first shutter blade and the second shutter blade is controlled to start moving according to the positive and negative of the time difference value delta T, and after the absolute value of the time difference value delta T is delayed, the other of the first shutter blade and the second shutter blade is controlled to start moving.

It is noted that after the synchronization correction, the first shutter blade and the second shutter blade are synchronized to perform a certain effective operation. Wherein "synchronously in progress" is to be understood as the first shutter blade and the second shutter blade starting to perform active actions simultaneously; alternatively, although there is a difference between the time when the first shutter blade starts the effective operation and the time when the second shutter blade starts the effective operation, the difference is within an allowable preset range. The "allowable preset range" needs to be determined according to the purpose to be achieved by the synchronization correction. For example, after the synchronization correction, the first shutter blade and the second shutter blade are synchronized to perform an effective closing operation, thereby finally ensuring the light flux control accuracy of the shutter device. In this case, the specific numerical value of the "allowable preset range" should be such that it does not significantly affect the light flux control accuracy of the shutter device.

The shutter blade synchronization method of the shutter device can realize synchronization between at least two shutter blades, and can realize synchronization correction between objects to be synchronized under various shutter blade setting modes through reasonable utilization, such as synchronization correction between a plurality of shutter blade groups, synchronization correction between a part of or all shutter blades in each shutter blade group, and the like. In addition, the synchronization method can enable the shutter blades to synchronously perform any key action in the motion process, and is flexible to use and high in applicability.

As shown in FIGS. 21 and 22, in some embodiments of the present application, the shutter blade synchronization method further includes the steps of:

step S111: calculating a first time value of the first shutter blade:

step S1111: controlling a first shutter blade to start moving and acquiring a corresponding first starting moment;

step S1112: when the first shutter blade moves to a first effective action position, acquiring a corresponding first effective action moment;

step S1113: calculating the difference between the first effective action time and the first starting time to obtain a first time value; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,

step S112: calculating a second time value for the second shutter blade:

step S1121: controlling a second shutter blade to start to move to obtain a corresponding second starting moment;

step S1122: when the second shutter blade moves to a second effective action position, acquiring a corresponding second effective action moment;

step S1123: and calculating the difference between the second effective action time and the second starting time to obtain a second time value.

The first starting time of the first shutter blade and the second starting time of the second shutter blade may be the same or different. The moment when the first shutter blade starts active movement (i.e. moves to its first active movement position) is the first active movement moment and the moment when the second shutter blade starts active movement (i.e. moves to its second active movement position) is the second active movement moment. Thus, the first time value T₁A second time value T, which is the difference between the first effective action time and the first start time₂The difference between the second effective action time and the second start time, the first time value T₁And a second time value T₂Are all positive values.

In the shutter blade synchronization method of the shutter device, the step of performing synchronization correction based on the time difference Δ T is to completely or partially eliminate the time difference Δ T by controlling the time when the first shutter blade and the second shutter blade start to move.

In some embodiments of the present application, the shutter blade synchronization method further comprises the steps of:

receiving a shutter starting instruction;

step S140 further includes:

if the time difference value delta T is positive (the first time value is greater than the second time value), the first shutter blade is controlled to start to move, and after the absolute value of the time difference value delta T is delayed, the second shutter blade is controlled to start to move; and if the time difference value delta T is negative (the first time value is smaller than the second time value), controlling the second shutter blade to start to move, and delaying the absolute value of the time difference value delta T and then controlling the first shutter blade to start to move.

Specifically, the control module receives a shutter start instruction first. If T is₁(first time value) is greater than T₂(second time value), the first shutter blade is first controlled to start moving. After a time delta T (time difference) from the moment when the first shutter blade starts to move, the second shutter blade is controlled to start to move. On the contrary, if T₁(first time value) is less than T₂(second time value), the second shutter blade is first controlled to start moving. After a time delta T (time difference) from the time when the second shutter blade starts to move, the first shutter blade is controlled to start to move. In the method, the control module delays the control action of the first shutter blade or the second shutter blade after receiving the shutter starting instruction, and the method only needs to receive one total shutter starting instruction and is more direct and simple.

Furthermore, the method described above enables substantially complete elimination of the time difference Δ T between the first shutter blade and the second shutter blade, so that the first shutter blade and the second shutter blade simultaneously reach their respective effective operating positions to simultaneously start effective operation. Of course, in other embodiments, the time difference Δ T between the first shutter blade and the second shutter blade may be partially eliminated. At this time, one shutter blade starts to move first, and after a certain time value, the other shutter blade starts to move again. The "certain time value" is slightly smaller or slightly larger than Δ T, in which case there is a difference between the moment when the first shutter blade starts to operate effectively and the moment when the second shutter blade starts to operate effectively after the synchronization correction. Through reasonable design of specific numerical values of the 'certain time value' smaller than or larger than delta T, the difference value can be within an allowable preset range.

In other embodiments of the present application, step S140 further includes:

if the time difference value delta T is positive (the first time value is larger than the second time value), a first blade starting instruction is received first, and the first shutter blade is controlled to start to move after a first time interval, and after the absolute value of the time difference value delta T is delayed, a second blade starting instruction is received, and the second shutter blade is controlled to start to move after a second time interval; if the time difference value delta T is negative (the first time value is smaller than the second time value), a second blade starting instruction is received first, and the second shutter blade is controlled to start to move after the second time interval, and after the absolute value of the time difference value delta T is delayed, a first blade starting instruction is received again, and the first shutter blade is controlled to start to move after the first time interval. The first time interval and the second time interval are equal to each other and are greater than or equal to zero.

Specifically, if T₁(first time value) is greater than T₂(second time value), the control module receives a first blade starting instruction, and after a first time interval elapses after the first blade starting instruction is received, the control module controls the first shutter blade to start moving. And after delta T (time difference) from the moment when the first shutter blade starts to move, the control module receives a second blade starting instruction, and after a second time interval from the moment when the second blade starting instruction is received, the control module controls the second shutter blade to start to move. The first time interval and the second time interval are equal to each other and are greater than or equal to zero. And if the first time interval and the second time interval are equal to zero, the control module immediately controls the corresponding shutter blade after receiving the starting instruction of each blade. And if the first time interval and the second time interval are larger than zero, the control module receives starting instructions of all the blades and controls the corresponding shutter blades at intervals.

On the contrary, if T₁(first time value) is less than T₂(second time value), the process of controlling the first shutter blade and the second shutter blade is the reverse of the above process, and is not described herein again. The above method of implementing the synchronization correction by delaying the reception of the actuation command of the first shutter blade or the second shutter blade may be used as an alternative to the embodiment of the delay control action described above.

Furthermore, the method described above enables substantially complete elimination of the time difference Δ T between the first shutter blade and the second shutter blade, so that the first shutter blade and the second shutter blade simultaneously reach their respective effective operating positions to simultaneously start effective operation. Of course, in other embodiments, the time difference Δ T between the first shutter blade and the second shutter blade may also be partially eliminated, and the specific process at this time is similar to that in the foregoing embodiment of the delay control action, and is not described again here.

In some embodiments of the present application, the first effective operation position is a position where the first shutter blade starts effective closing operation, and the second effective operation position is a position where the second shutter blade starts effective closing operation, that is, after synchronous correction, the first shutter blade and the second shutter blade synchronously perform effective closing operation, thereby ensuring the accuracy of controlling the amount of light passing through the shutter device. Taking the example of the synchronization correction between the two shutter blade groups 20 shown in fig. 14 to 19, one shutter blade 21 is selected as the first shutter blade and the second shutter blade in each shutter blade group 20. Because each shutter blade 21 in each shutter blade group 20 can be regarded as moving in a fixed preset motion mode, after the two selected shutter blades 21 are synchronously corrected, the two shutter blade groups 20 can be finally synchronously and effectively closed, so that the areas of the two shutter blade groups 20 covering the light through holes 11 can be synchronously changed, and the control precision of the light transmission quantity is further ensured.

The "position at which the shutter blade starts to perform an effective closing action" can be determined in various ways. Preferably, the determination may be made according to the covered area of the light transmission hole or the amount of light transmission. In fact, the area covered by the light transmission hole determines the amount of transmitted light. In the ideal case where no desynchronization problem occurs, the value/ratio of the area covered by one light-passing aperture/the amount of light-passing is selected, each shutter blade having a position corresponding thereto.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 16, the position at which the first shutter blade starts the effective closing action is the position at which the first shutter blade is located when the light passing hole is covered by 5% to 15% of the area. The position at which the second shutter blade starts to perform an effective closing action is the position at which the second shutter blade is located when the clear aperture is covered by 5% to 15%. Because the shutter blade is possible to generate sudden change due to fault in the moving process, the position of the shutter blade when the light through hole is covered by 5-15% is used as the position for starting effective closing action, and the method is more accurate and reliable.

Of course, the ratio of the covered area of the light transmission holes can be replaced by the ratio of the light transmission amount, namely, the light transmission amount is 85% to 95% of the maximum value of the light transmission amount, and the maximum value of the light transmission amount is the numerical value of the light transmission amount when the light transmission holes are not covered. Furthermore, it is understood that the ratio of the covered area of the light transmitting holes may be replaced by a specific numerical value or a range of numerical values of the covered area of the light transmitting holes, or a specific numerical value or a range of numerical values of the amount of light transmitted.

It should be noted that the shutter blade is located at a position corresponding to the covered area of the light transmission hole or the amount of light transmitted, ideally, without the problem of desynchronization. The determination of the position of the shutter blade can be accomplished in a number of ways, as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art.

For example, theoretical modeling is performed on the shutter device in advance, the covered area or the light transmission amount of the light transmission hole is selected, and position data corresponding to the shutter blade is calculated; or, designing and manufacturing a standard shutter device (i.e. a shutter device without desynchronization problem), detecting the light flux of the standard shutter device and the position of the shutter blade required to be synchronized in real time, and acquiring the current position data of the shutter blade required to be synchronized when the light flux is changed into a selected numerical value/proportion. The two modes can obtain the position data of the shutter blade required to be synchronized when the shutter blade starts to perform effective closing action, and the time difference value can be calculated by acquiring the time when the shutter blade moves to the position data during synchronization correction.

In addition, when synchronous correction is performed among the plurality of shutter blade groups, one shutter blade is selected from the plurality of shutter blade groups respectively, and the shutter blades are synchronized pairwise. Since the plurality of shutter blade groups collectively cover the light passing hole, each shutter blade group is used to cover a partial area of the light passing hole. In the case of performing steps S111 and S112 of the shutter blade synchronization method described above, each shutter blade group may be operated in steps.

Specifically, one of the shutter blade groups is selected as a current action group, and the rest of the shutter blade groups are controlled to be in a closed state. At this time, the light-passing hole may be regarded as a state in which only the region corresponding to the above-described current action group is uncovered. During the motion of the current action group, the light transmission quantity of the area of the light transmission hole is detected in real time, when the light transmission quantity is changed into a certain selected numerical value/proportion, the shutter blade required to be synchronized can be considered to start effective closing action, and corresponding time is obtained. Wherein, the value/proportion of the light transmission quantity selection needs to be selected based on the area corresponding to the current action group of the light transmission hole. For example, if two shutter blade groups are provided and each shutter blade group covers a half area of the light transmitting hole, the position of the shutter blade where the half area light transmitting hole is covered by a certain ratio is set as the position where the effective closing operation is started. The ratio of the light transmission amount can be replaced by the ratio of the light transmission amount when the half-area light transmission holes are covered, that is, the ratio of the light transmission amount of the half-area light transmission holes to the maximum value is a certain ratio, and the maximum value is the numerical value of the light transmission amount when the half-area light transmission holes are not covered.

In the process of determining the position of the shutter blade, the position of the shutter blade is often required to be detected. In some embodiments of the present application, the shutter device includes a position detection device, and the position detection device directly or indirectly detects the position of the shutter blade and outputs position data, and the position data of the shutter blade can be associated with parameters such as an action time, a light transmission amount, a covered area of the light transmission hole, and the like, so as to facilitate determination of a position at which an effective action is started, a time at which the effective action is started, a time difference, a time value, and the like.

When the position detection device directly detects the position of the shutter blade, the position detection device includes but is not limited to a hall sensor, a reflective photoelectric switch, a correlation photoelectric switch, a contact position sensor, and the like, and the position detection device directly outputs the position data of the detected shutter blade.

In addition, in some embodiments, synchronous correction is required to be performed among a plurality of shutter blade groups, each shutter blade group can be driven by one motor, the position of a motor rotor can be directly detected by a position detection device, and the position of the shutter blade is indirectly calculated according to the connection mode of the shutter blade and the motor rotor and the specific structure of a transmission structure. Position sensing devices include, but are not limited to, hall sensors, rotary encoders, rotary transformers, and the like. In this case, the position data output by the position detecting device is position data of the motor rotor, and these data may be directly associated with parameters such as an operation time, a light flux amount, and a covered area of the light transmitting hole, or these data may be converted into position data of the shutter blade and then associated with the parameters.

Specifically, for example, the position detection device includes a hall sensor, and the position of the motor rotor is detected by the hall sensor, and a hall voltage value output by the hall sensor is position data of the motor rotor. And establishing a corresponding relation line graph by taking the Hall voltage value output by the Hall sensor as an abscissa and taking the light intensity of the light flux as an ordinate.

Fig. 26 is a schematic diagram illustrating a parameter corresponding relationship of a closing process of the shutter device according to an embodiment of the present application in an ideal situation.

As shown in fig. 26, the lower curve in the figure is a curve of the hall voltage value of one shutter blade group versus the luminous intensity of the amount of transmitted light during the closing process of the shutter device, the abscissa is the hall voltage value indicating the position information of the above shutter blade group, and the left ordinate is the luminous intensity of the amount of transmitted light. Wherein, P₁Is a starting position, P₃To a position where an effective closing action is initiated. Position P for starting effective closing action₃Corresponding time and starting position P₁The difference between the corresponding moments is the starting position P of the shutter blade₁To a position P at which effective closing action is initiated₃The plurality of shutter blade groups are synchronized according to a difference between the time values of the plurality of shutter blade groups. It should be noted that the curve of the correspondence between the hall voltage values and the luminous intensity of the amount of transmitted light shows the correspondence between the hall voltage values and the luminous intensity of the amount of transmitted light in an ideal situation (without the problem of desynchronization), and the purpose of the curve is to show the manner of acquiring the time value required when the shutter blades are synchronized.

In other embodiments of the present application, the first effective operating position is a position at which the first shutter blade begins effective opening, and the second effective operating position is a position at which the second shutter blade begins effective opening. That is, after the synchronization correction, the first shutter blade and the second shutter blade are synchronized to perform an effective opening operation, thereby ensuring the light flux amount control accuracy of the shutter device. The specific application to the synchronization process of the two shutter blade groups 20, the determination method and process of the "position where the shutter blade starts to perform effective opening" of the shutter blade, and the like are similar to the case where the effective operation position of the shutter blade is the "position where the effective closing operation starts", and will not be described again here.

Note that, the position at which the first shutter blade starts the effective opening operation is the position at which the first shutter blade is located when the light transmitting hole is opened to form an opening area of 5% to 15%. The position where the second shutter blade starts effective opening action is the position where the second shutter blade is located when the clear aperture is opened to form an opening area of 5% to 15%. Of course, the ratio of the opening area formed by opening the light-passing holes may be replaced by the ratio of the amount of light-passing, that is, the amount of light-passing is 5% to 15% of the maximum value of the ratio, and the maximum value of the amount of light-passing is the numerical value of the amount of light-passing when the light-passing holes are not covered. In addition, it is understood that the ratio of the opening area formed by the opening of the light-transmitting holes may be replaced by a specific numerical value or a range of numerical values of the area of the opening area formed by the opening of the light-transmitting holes, or a specific numerical value or a range of numerical values of the amount of light transmitted.

The embodiment of the application also provides a control method of the shutter device. Fig. 23 is a flowchart illustrating a control method of the shutter device according to an embodiment of the present application.

The control method of the shutter device is applied to the closing process of the shutter device, and specifically comprises the following steps as shown in fig. 23:

step S210: receiving a shutter closing instruction;

step S220: controlling shutter blade speed as a function of shutter blade position, comprising: and controlling the shutter blade to start moving at the initial position, wherein the speed of the shutter blade is gradually increased, the speed of the shutter blade starts to be gradually reduced when the shutter blade moves to a second preset position, and the speed of the shutter blade is reduced to zero when the shutter blade moves to the final position.

In the above control method, a second predetermined position is selected, the second predetermined position may be an exposure end position or a position near the exposure end position, and the speed of the shutter blade is gradually increased from the start position to the second predetermined position. When the shutter blade moves to the second preset position, the light through hole is completely covered or mostly covered, and the shutter blade is always in an accelerating state before reaching the second preset position, so that the shutter closing speed can be improved as much as possible. When the shutter blade moves to the second preset position, the speed of the shutter blade is controlled to start to be gradually reduced, and when the shutter blade moves to the ending position, the speed of the shutter blade is reduced to zero, so that the brake can be timely realized, and the stopping precision is high.

Taking the closing process of the shutter device shown in fig. 14 to 19 as an example, the shutter blade 21 of the shutter device in fig. 19 is at the exposure end position, after which the shutter blade 21 moves a further distance and reaches the end position. The shutter device in fig. 14 to 19 does not require a bump stopper structure at the time of final stop, and the control method of the present embodiment can play a role of precisely controlling stop when applied thereto.

However, in other embodiments of the shutter device using impact stop, the shutter device may collide with the stopper structure at the end of the closing process due to different designs of the shape and movement of the shutter blades. At this time, the end position is the position when the shutter blade strikes the limit structure. For example, the shutter blade includes a driving blade and a switch body blade, the driving blade is matched with the blade rotating shaft, the switch body blade is approximately arc-shaped, one end of the switch body blade far away from the driving blade forms an extending part extending towards the edge of the base, when the shutter blade moves to the exposure end position or approaches the exposure end position, the distance between the extending part of the switch body blade and the edge of the base is very short, and after the shutter blade continues to move for a certain distance, the extending part can collide with the edge of the base (which can be regarded as a limit structure). At the moment, the control method can also reduce the speed of the shutter blade impacting the limit structure, reduce rebound after impact or directly prevent the shutter blade from impacting the limit structure, avoid the rebound and further prolong the service life of the shutter.

Specifically, when the speed of the shutter blade is reduced to zero, the shutter blade stops moving, at the end position. The process in which the speed of the shutter blade is reduced to zero can be divided into two cases. Firstly, when the shutter blade contacts the limit structure, the speed of the shutter blade is not reduced to zero, the shutter blade can strike the limit structure at a certain speed, and the shutter blade finally stops moving under the blocking of the limit structure. In this case, the speed of the shutter blade striking the stopper structure can be reduced and the rebound after the striking can be reduced by controlling the speed of the shutter blade. Secondly, before the shutter blade contacts the limit structure or just contacts the limit structure, the speed of the shutter blade is reduced to zero, and at the moment, the shutter blade can be directly prevented from impacting the limit structure and being rebounded.

It should be noted that the exposure end position may be a position where the shutter blade is located when the light-passing hole is completely covered and the amount of light-passing becomes zero; and/or, the position of the shutter blade near the end position of exposure may be a position where the shutter blade is located when the light-passing hole is covered by 85% to 95% of the area, that is, a position where the shutter blade is located when the amount of light-passing is reduced to 5% to 15% of the maximum value thereof, where the maximum value of the amount of light-passing is a value of the amount of light-passing when the light-passing hole is not covered. Of course, in other embodiments, the exposure end position and the specific position near the exposure end position may be set according to the specific situation, and for example, the exposure end position may be the position of the shutter blade corresponding to the time immediately after the light flux amount becomes zero and then extended by a certain time.

In practical applications, the second preset position may be selected as the exposure ending position or the position close to the exposure ending position according to the specific conditions of the motion mode, the motion speed and the like of the shutter blade. For example, after the shutter blade moves to the exposure end position, the shutter blade generally moves forward for a certain distance to reach the end position, and if the distance between the exposure end position and the end position is short, even the shutter blade needs to stop moving at the exposure end position (the exposure end position is the end position), the deceleration requirement of the shutter blade cannot be met, and at this time, the adjacent exposure end position can be used as a second preset position. Furthermore, if the shutter blade closing speed is relatively large, the second preset position may be selected to be near the end of exposure, thereby providing sufficient time for the deceleration of the shutter blade. If the closing speed of the shutter blade is relatively low, the second preset position can be selected as the exposure ending position, so that the acceleration time of the shutter blade is prolonged as much as possible, and the improvement of the closing speed of the blade is facilitated. Of course, it is understood that the second preset position is not limited to the exposure ending position or the position near the exposure ending position, and in other embodiments, other positions may be reasonably selected as the second preset position between the starting position and the ending position.

In some embodiments of the present application, the magnitude of the acceleration of at least one segment of the shutter blade during acceleration changes. That is to say, in the process that the shutter blade moves from the starting position to the second preset position, the magnitude of the speed increase changes, the specific change trend can be selected according to the design requirements of the motion mode and the motion speed of the shutter blade, and compared with the motion with constant acceleration, the method can be more suitable for the design requirements of the shutter blade. Of course, in other embodiments of the present application, the shutter blade may be designed to accelerate at a constant acceleration, as long as the shutter blade is ensured to decelerate smoothly and achieve the effect of reducing or preventing impact.

In some embodiments of the present application, the shutter blade moves from the start position to the initial position of the closing motion with a first acceleration, moves from the initial position of the closing motion to the position near the end of exposure with a second acceleration, moves from the position near the end of exposure with a third acceleration to the end of exposure, and starts to decelerate at the end of exposure. Wherein the initial position of the closing action is the position of the shutter blade when the light flux is reduced from the maximum value, the maximum value of the light flux is the value of the light flux when the light flux is not covered, and/or the first acceleration is constant, and/or the second acceleration and the third acceleration are gradually reduced, and/or the first acceleration is larger than or equal to the maximum value of the second acceleration, and/or the minimum value of the second acceleration is larger than or equal to the maximum value of the third acceleration, and/or the reduction amplitude of the third acceleration is larger than the reduction amplitude of the second acceleration.

And selecting a second preset position as an exposure ending position, and in the process from the starting position to the exposure ending position, sequentially accelerating the shutter blade at a first acceleration, a second acceleration and a third acceleration.

Specifically, the shutter blade is first accelerated from the starting position to the initial position of the closing action at a constant first acceleration, during which the speed of the shutter blade per unit time increases by an amount that is not changed. Because the distance from the starting position to the initial position of the closing action is far from the exposure ending position, the shutter can be quickly controlled to start after the shutter closing instruction is received by accelerating movement with a larger first acceleration, and the shutter closing speed is favorably improved.

Then, the shutter blade is accelerated from the initial position of the closing action at a second acceleration which is gradually reduced until the exposure end position is approached, and the speed increment of the shutter blade per unit time is gradually reduced in the process. Since the section from the initial position of the closing operation to the position near the end of exposure is relatively close to the end of exposure, the acceleration at the second acceleration gradually decreases to smoothly decrease the acceleration amplitude of the shutter blade.

Then, the shutter blade is accelerated by a third acceleration which is gradually reduced and is reduced by an amount larger than the second acceleration, toward the exposure end position, in which the speed increase amount per unit time of the shutter blade is gradually reduced and the reduction amount is larger than the previous stage. Since the section from the exposure end position to the exposure end position is close to the exposure end position, the acceleration movement at the third acceleration which is gradually reduced and whose reduction amplitude is larger can further smoothly reduce the acceleration amplitude of the shutter blade.

The two stages of accelerating movement with gradually reduced acceleration can gradually and stably reduce the acceleration amplitude of the shutter blade, avoid the overlarge speed of the shutter blade at the exposure end position and facilitate subsequent deceleration.

Preferably, the first acceleration is equal to the maximum value of the second acceleration, and the minimum value of the second acceleration is equal to the maximum value of the third acceleration, so that the first acceleration can be smoothly transited to the second acceleration, and the second acceleration can be smoothly transited to the third acceleration, thereby enabling the speed change of the shutter blade to be more uniform and smooth. Of course, it will be appreciated that in other embodiments, the first acceleration may be greater than the maximum value of the second acceleration and/or the minimum value of the second acceleration may be greater than the maximum value of the third acceleration.

In the present embodiment, the third acceleration is gradually reduced to zero. Since the shutter blade starts decelerating after moving to the exposure end position at the third acceleration, if the third acceleration can be reduced to zero when the shutter blade reaches the exposure end position, the change in the speed of the shutter blade can be made more gradual. The acceleration and deceleration of the shutter blade depends on the driving force applied by the driving mechanism, and if the driving force applied by the driving mechanism is positive when the shutter blade is accelerated, the driving force applied by the driving mechanism is negative when the shutter blade is decelerated. When the third acceleration is reduced to zero, the driving force applied by the driving structure is also zero, which is more convenient for the driving structure to apply a negative driving force to the shutter blade next. Of course, in other embodiments, the value of the third acceleration when the shutter blade reaches the exposure end position may be greater than zero, in which case the driving force applied by the driving mechanism to the shutter blade changes from positive to negative.

It should be noted that the variation of the acceleration of the shutter blade during acceleration is not limited to the above-mentioned manner, and in other embodiments, the variation may be selected according to the design requirement of the shutter blade.

In other embodiments of the present application, the shutter blade moves from the start position to the initial position of the closing motion with a first acceleration, moves from the initial position of the closing motion to the position near the end of the exposure with a second acceleration, and then starts decelerating near the end of the exposure. Wherein the initial position of the closing action is the position of the shutter blade when the light flux is reduced from the maximum value, the maximum value of the light flux is the value of the light flux when the light flux is not covered, and/or the first acceleration is constant, and/or the second acceleration is gradually reduced, and/or the first acceleration is larger than or equal to the maximum value of the second acceleration.

And selecting a second preset position as the position close to the end of exposure, and accelerating the shutter blade at the first acceleration and the second acceleration in sequence in the process from the starting position to the position close to the end of exposure. The specific acceleration process and action of the shutter blade, and the relationship and action between the first acceleration and the second acceleration are similar to those of the three-stage acceleration (accelerated motion is performed by the first acceleration, the second acceleration and the third acceleration), and are not described herein again.

In this embodiment, the second acceleration is gradually reduced to zero, that is, the second acceleration can be reduced to zero when the shutter blade reaches a position close to the end of exposure, and the effect of the second acceleration is the same as that of the third acceleration in the three stages of acceleration, which is not described herein again. Of course, in other embodiments, the value of the second acceleration may be greater than zero when the shutter blade reaches a position near the end of the exposure.

In some embodiments of the present application, the deceleration of at least one section of the shutter blade in the deceleration process changes, that is, the magnitude of the speed reduction changes from the second preset position to the end position of the shutter blade, and the specific trend of the change may be selected according to the design requirement of the motion mode and the motion speed of the shutter blade. Of course, in other embodiments of the present application, the shutter blade may be designed to decelerate at a constant deceleration, so long as the shutter blade is ensured to decelerate in time, achieving the effect of reducing or preventing impact.

In some embodiments of the present application, the deceleration of the shutter blade during deceleration gradually decreases from its maximum value. When the speed of the shutter blade starts to be reduced at the second preset position, the full-force speed reduction is carried out at the maximum speed reduction, the speed of the shutter blade is reduced to a lower level in a short time, and then the speed reduction of the shutter blade in unit time is gradually reduced, so that the speed reduction of the shutter blade is more stable. The above-mentioned variation mode of the deceleration of the shutter blade can reduce the deceleration time as much as possible while decelerating smoothly, thereby reducing the time required for closing the shutter to a certain extent.

Preferably, the deceleration is reduced to zero when the shutter blade is moved to the end position. At this time, the speed of the shutter blade is also reduced to zero, the shutter blade stops moving, the driving structure does not apply force to the shutter blade any more, and the shutter blade is favorably kept at the termination position. In other embodiments, the deceleration may be greater than zero when the shutter blade reaches the end position, and the driving mechanism still applies a certain driving force to the shutter blade, requiring a force to be removed from the driving mechanism.

It should be noted that the way in which the deceleration of the shutter blade changes during deceleration is not limited to the above, and in other embodiments, it may be selected according to the design requirements of the shutter blade.

In other embodiments of the present application, the deceleration of the shutter blade during deceleration gradually increases and then gradually decreases, that is, the speed of the shutter blade per unit time decreases in a trend of gradually increasing and then gradually decreasing, so that the entire deceleration process is more smooth. Further, when the shutter blade moves to the end position, the deceleration decreases to zero. At this time, the speed of the shutter blade is also reduced to zero, the shutter blade stops moving, the driving structure does not apply force to the shutter blade any more, and the shutter blade is favorably kept at the termination position. Preferably, the deceleration is gradually increased from zero, i.e. the deceleration of the shutter blade is gradually increased from zero starting at the second preset position, facilitating the switching between acceleration of the shutter blade. Particularly, under the condition that the acceleration is reduced to zero when the shutter blade reaches the second preset position, the acceleration and the deceleration of the shutter blade can be smoothly transited, so that the speed change of the shutter blade is more uniform and smooth, and the switching of the driving force applied by the driving structure is facilitated.

In other embodiments, the deceleration of the shutter blade when the shutter blade reaches the end position may be greater than zero, and at this time, the driving structure still applies a certain driving force to the shutter blade, and the driving structure needs to be subjected to a force unloading; alternatively, when the shutter blade starts to decelerate at the second predetermined position, the deceleration may be greater than zero, in which case the driving force applied by the driving mechanism to the shutter blade is changed from positive or zero directly to negative.

In some embodiments of the present application, the driving mechanism includes, but is not limited to, a motor by which the shutter blades are driven, and the speed of the shutter blades is controlled by varying the operating current of the motor in a manner that facilitates operation. Of course, in other embodiments, if the shutter blade is driven by a driving mechanism other than a motor, the speed of the shutter blade may be controlled by other means capable of changing the driving force.

In some embodiments of the present application, when the working current of the motor is positive, the speed of the shutter blade is gradually increased, and the acceleration of the shutter blade is proportional to the working current. When the working current of the motor is negative, the speed of the shutter blade is gradually reduced, and the deceleration of the shutter blade is in direct proportion to the working current. Specifically, in the process from the starting position to the second preset position, the motor is electrified with forward current, so that forward driving force is applied to the shutter blades, and the shutter blades are continuously accelerated. When the shutter blade moves to a second preset position, the motor is introduced with negative current, so that reverse driving force is applied to the shutter blade, and the shutter blade starts to decelerate continuously. In the above process, the magnitude of acceleration or deceleration may be changed by changing the magnitude of the motor current. Because the working current of the motor is in direct proportion to the acceleration of the shutter blade, the corresponding relation also exists between the working current of the motor and the position of the shutter blade, the working current required to be introduced into the motor at the moment can be calculated according to the deviation between the current position of the shutter blade and the second preset position, and therefore the shutter blade is controlled by introducing the working current with the corresponding size or direction into the motor. For example, when the shutter blade is at the initial position, the deviation between the current position of the shutter blade and the second preset position is large, the motor can be supplied with a large working current, when the shutter blade moves to the second preset position, the deviation between the current position of the shutter blade and the second preset position is zero, and the motor is supplied with a negative current.

Before controlling the speed of the shutter blade according to the position of the shutter blade, the position of the shutter blade can be detected in real time through a position detection device, and the corresponding relation between the working current of the motor and the position of the shutter blade is established. Specifically, for example, the position detection device includes a hall sensor, and the position of the motor rotor is detected by the hall sensor, and a hall voltage value output by the hall sensor is position data of the motor rotor. The position of the shutter blade can be calculated according to the connection mode of the shutter blade and the rotor of the motor and the specific structure of the transmission structure, the Hall voltage value output by the Hall sensor and the position of the shutter blade also have a corresponding relation, and when the corresponding relation between the working current of the motor and the position of the shutter blade is established, the Hall voltage value output by the rotor of the motor can be directly measured by the Hall sensor to express the position of the shutter blade.

Therefore, in the present embodiment, the second preset position is selected as the exposure end position, and the motor is a dc motor. And establishing a corresponding relation line graph by taking the Hall voltage value output by the Hall sensor as an abscissa and taking the working current of the motor as an ordinate.

As shown in fig. 26, the upper broken line in the figure is a broken line of the correspondence relationship between the hall voltage value and the current value of one shutter blade group in the closing process of the shutter device, the abscissa is the hall voltage value indicating the position information of the shutter blade group, and the right ordinate is the operating current value of the motor in the figure. Wherein, P₁Is a starting position, P₂For initial position of closing action, P₄Near the end of exposure, P₅To an exposure end position, P₆Is the termination position. The shutter blade is moved from a starting position P₁To the initial position P of closing action₂In the process, the working current of the motor is positive and the value is maximum, and the motor is closed to move to an initial position P₂To a position near the end of exposure P₄In the process, the working current of the motor is gradually reduced from the position close to the exposure end position P₄To the exposure end position P₅In the process, the working current of the motor is continuously and gradually reduced, the reduction amplitude is larger than that of the previous stage, and finally the motor is positioned at the exposure end position P₅The operating current of the motor is reduced to zero. In the process, the working current of the motor is always positive, and the shutter blade is always in an acceleration state. Then, the negative working current is started to be introduced into the motor, and the shutter blade is opened from the exposure ending position P₅To a terminal position P₆In the process, the negative working current of the motor is increased and then gradually reduced, and finally, the motor is at the termination position P₆And decreases to zero. In the process, the working current of the motor is always negative, and the shutter blade is always in a deceleration state. As can be seen from fig. 26, the above-mentioned hall voltage value-current value correspondence line is a continuous curve, that is, the operating current of the motor is continuously changed in the whole process.

It should be noted that the type of the motor is not limited to the dc motor, and in other embodiments, the motor may be another type of motor as long as the speed of the shutter blade can be controlled to meet the relevant requirements. In addition, the corresponding relationship between the operating current of the motor and the position of the shutter blade may be established in various ways, and is not limited to the above. For example, the position detection device detects the position of the motor rotor, the position data of the shutter blades can be calculated according to the connection mode of the shutter blades and the motor rotor and the specific structure of the transmission structure, and a corresponding relation chart is established by taking the position data of the shutter blades and the working current of the motor as horizontal and vertical coordinates; or if the position detection device directly detects the position of the shutter blade, establishing a corresponding relation chart by taking the position data output by the position detection device and the working current of the motor as horizontal and vertical coordinates; or the position detection device only measures the position data of a plurality of key positions of the shutter blade, the position data of the key positions and the numerical points of the working current of the motor corresponding to the key positions are in one-to-one correspondence, and the working current in the interval of two numerical points can be adjusted according to a set rule.

FIG. 24 is a flowchart showing a step of controlling the shutter blade speed according to the shutter blade position of the control method of the shutter device of FIG. 23. As shown in FIG. 24, in some embodiments of the present application, the step of controlling the speed of the shutter blade based on the position of the shutter blade further comprises:

step S231: determining a target position of a shutter blade;

step S232: detecting the current position of the shutter blade in real time;

step S233: calculating the working current required by the shutter blade at the current position according to the deviation between the current position and the target position;

step S234: the motor is connected with the calculated working current to control the movement of the shutter blade,

the target position is at least one of a starting position, a second preset position (an exposure ending position, an exposure ending position close to the exposure ending position) and an ending position.

According to the above, since the working current of the motor has a corresponding relationship with the position of the shutter blade, after the target position of the shutter blade is determined, the working current required by the shutter blade at the current position can be calculated according to the corresponding relationship according to the deviation between the current position and the target position of the shutter blade, and the motor can control the shutter blade to move in a predetermined manner after the working current is introduced, so that the shutter blade can be accurately controlled.

Taking the example that the broken line of the correspondence between the hall voltage value and the current value indicates the correspondence between the motor operating current and the shutter blade position in fig. 26, it should be noted that in this embodiment, the hall sensor detects the position of the motor rotor and outputs the position data of the motor rotor, and since the position of the motor rotor can reflect the position of the shutter blade, the hall voltage value output by the hall sensor in the control method of this embodiment can also be regarded as an indication of the shutter blade position.

Specifically, the target position is determined as the exposure end position P₅Obtaining an exposure end position P₅Detecting the current position of the motor rotor in real time through a Hall sensor to obtain the Hall voltage value corresponding to the current position, and calculating the Hall voltage value of the current position and the exposure ending position P₅According to the corresponding relation shown by the corresponding relation broken line of the Hall voltage value-current value, the working current required by the current position is calculated through three links of proportional-integral-derivative (PID), and the motor is connected with the calculated working current to control the motor to move so as to control the movement of the shutter blade.

Of course, the target position is not limited to the exposure end position as will be understood by those skilled in the art. On the premise that the corresponding relation between the working current of the motor and the position of the shutter blade is determined, theoretically any point can be used as a target position. At least one of the start position, the exposure end position, the proximity exposure end position, the end position, and other arbitrarily selected positions may be selected as the target position in consideration of the difficulty of acquiring position data of the target position, and calculating the operating current required for the present position.

Fig. 25 is a flowchart showing a shutter blade position calibration step of the control method of the shutter device of fig. 23. As shown in fig. 25, in some embodiments of the present application, the control method further includes a shutter blade position calibration step:

step S241: detecting the current position of the shutter blade in real time;

step S242: and adjusting the working current of the motor when the shutter blade is at the current position according to the error between the current position and the theoretical position so as to carry out position calibration.

In some cases, such as when the shutter device is used for a long time, there may be mechanical errors in the construction of the driving connection between the shutter blade and the motor. Even if the motor is supplied with the current calculated for a certain position of the shutter blade, it may not be possible to ensure that the speed of the shutter blade at this position reaches the theoretical value.

In the control method of this embodiment, the current position of the shutter blade is detected in real time by the position detection device, the position data of the current position is obtained, the position data of the theoretical position at the current moment is obtained at the same time, the position data and the theoretical position data are compared to calculate an error value, the error value is fed back to the control module, and the control module adjusts the working current of the motor when the shutter blade is at the current position, so as to calibrate the position of the shutter blade. For example, the speed of the shutter blade is controlled to increase or decrease by adjusting the acceleration or deceleration, so that the position of the shutter blade at the next moment can be close to or reach the theoretical position, thereby realizing closed-loop control, ensuring the motion precision of the shutter device and enabling the control of the shutter device to have higher robustness and reliability.

The embodiment of the application also provides a control method of the shutter device. Fig. 27 is a flowchart illustrating a control method of the shutter device according to an embodiment of the present application.

The control method of the shutter device is applied to the opening process of the shutter device, and specifically comprises the following steps as shown in fig. 27:

step S310: receiving a shutter opening instruction;

step S320: controlling shutter blade speed as a function of shutter blade position, comprising: and controlling the shutter blade to start moving at the initial position, wherein the speed of the shutter blade is gradually increased, the speed of the shutter blade starts to be gradually reduced when the shutter blade moves to the first preset position, and the speed of the shutter blade is reduced to zero when the shutter blade moves to the final position.

In the above control method, a first predetermined position is selected, which may be a full open position or a position close to the full open position, and the speed of the shutter blade is gradually increased from the start position to the first predetermined position. When the shutter blade moves to the first preset position, the light through hole is completely opened or most of the light through hole is opened, and the shutter blade is always in an acceleration state before reaching the first preset position, so that the opening speed of the shutter can be increased as much as possible. When the shutter blade moves to a first preset position, the speed of the shutter blade is controlled to start to be gradually reduced, and when the shutter blade moves to a termination position, the speed of the shutter blade is reduced to zero, so that the 'brake' can be timely realized, and the stopping precision is high.

Taking the shutter device shown in fig. 14 to 19 as an example, although fig. 14 to 19 show the closing process of the shutter device, the opening process of the shutter device can be regarded as the reverse of the closing process described above, and the shutter blade of the shutter device collides with the stopper structure 70 at the final stage of the opening process (i.e., the state shown in fig. 14). At the moment, the control method can also reduce the speed of the shutter blade impacting the limit structure, reduce rebound after impact or directly prevent the shutter blade from impacting the limit structure, avoid the rebound and further prolong the service life of the shutter.

It should be noted that the fully open position may be a position where the shutter blade is located when the light-passing hole is fully opened and the amount of light passing just becomes its maximum; and/or, the proximity to the fully open position may be the position of the shutter blade when the clear aperture is opened to form 85% to 95% open area, i.e., the position of the shutter blade when the amount of clear light increases to 85% to 95% of its maximum value. Wherein, the maximum value of the light transmission quantity is the numerical value of the light transmission quantity when the light transmission hole is not covered. In other embodiments, the full-open position and the position close to the full-open position may be set according to the circumstances, and for example, the full-open position may be the position of the shutter blade corresponding to the time immediately after the maximum value of the amount of light is reached and then extended by a predetermined time.

In practical applications, the first preset position may be selected to be a fully open position or a position close to the fully open position according to the specific conditions of the moving mode, the moving speed and the like of the shutter blade. For example, after the shutter blade moves to the full-open position, the shutter blade generally moves forward for a certain distance to reach the end position, and if the distance between the full-open position and the end position is short, the deceleration requirement of the shutter blade cannot be met, and at the moment, the adjacent full-open position can be used as a first preset position. Furthermore, if the shutter blade closing speed is relatively large, the first predetermined position may be selected to be near the fully open position to provide sufficient time for the deceleration of the shutter blade. If the opening speed of the shutter blade is relatively small, the first preset position can be selected as a full-open position, so that the acceleration time of the shutter blade is prolonged as much as possible, and the improvement of the opening speed of the blade is facilitated. Of course, it is understood that the first preset position is not limited to the fully open position or adjacent to the fully open position, and in other embodiments, other positions may be reasonably selected as the first preset position between the starting position and the ending position.

In some embodiments of the present application, the magnitude of the acceleration of at least one segment of the shutter blade during acceleration changes. Specifically, the shutter blade moves from an initial position to an opening initial position at a first acceleration, then moves from the opening initial position to a position close to a full opening position at a second acceleration, then moves from the position close to the full opening position at a third acceleration, and finally starts to decelerate at the full opening position. Wherein, the opening action initial position is the position of the shutter blade when the light flux is increased from zero, and/or the first acceleration is constant, and/or the second acceleration and the third acceleration are gradually reduced, and/or the first acceleration is larger than or equal to the maximum value of the second acceleration, and/or the minimum value of the second acceleration is larger than or equal to the maximum value of the third acceleration, and/or the reduction amplitude of the third acceleration is larger than the reduction amplitude of the second acceleration. In the present embodiment, the third acceleration is gradually reduced to zero. It should be noted that the specific acceleration process, the technical effect, the preferred mode, the expansion mode, and the like of the shutter blade in the opening process are similar to those of the shutter blade in the closing process, and are not described herein again.

In other embodiments of the present application, the shutter blade moves from a starting position to an initial position of an opening motion at a first acceleration, moves from the initial position of the opening motion to a position near a fully open position at a second acceleration, and then begins to decelerate near the fully open position. Wherein the initial position of the opening action is the position of the shutter blade when the light flux is increased from zero, and/or the first acceleration is constant, and/or the second acceleration is gradually reduced, and/or the first acceleration is larger than or equal to the maximum value of the second acceleration. In the present embodiment, the second acceleration is gradually reduced to zero. Similarly, the specific acceleration process, the brought technical effects, the preferred mode, the expansion mode, and the like of the shutter blade in the opening process of the shutter blade are similar to the acceleration process of the closing process of the shutter blade, and are not described again here.

In some embodiments of the present application, the magnitude of deceleration of at least a segment of the shutter blade during deceleration changes. Specific variations of deceleration include, but are not limited to, the following two:

one is that the deceleration of the shutter blade during deceleration gradually decreases from its maximum value. Preferably, the deceleration is reduced to zero when the shutter blade is moved to the end position. And secondly, the deceleration of the shutter blade in the deceleration process is gradually increased and then gradually reduced. Preferably, the deceleration is reduced to zero when the shutter blade is moved to the end position. The deceleration is gradually increased from zero.

It should be noted that the specific deceleration process, the brought technical effects, the preferred mode, the expansion mode, and the like of the shutter blade in the opening process are similar to the deceleration process of the shutter blade in the closing process, and are not described herein again.

In some embodiments of the present application, the driving structure includes, but is not limited to, a motor by which the shutter blades are driven, and the speed of the shutter blades is controlled by varying the operating current of the motor. Specifically, when the working current of the motor is positive, the speed of the shutter blade gradually increases, and the magnitude of the acceleration of the shutter blade is proportional to the magnitude of the working current. When the working current of the motor is negative, the speed of the shutter blade is gradually reduced, and the deceleration of the shutter blade is in direct proportion to the working current. As can be understood by those skilled in the art, the implementation manner, the specific process, the technical effects brought by the change of the working current of the motor to control the speed of the shutter blade are similar to the closing process of the shutter blade, and thus, the detailed description is omitted here.

FIG. 28 is a flowchart showing a step of controlling the shutter blade speed according to the shutter blade position of the control method of the shutter device of FIG. 27. As shown in FIG. 28, in some embodiments of the present application, the step of controlling the speed of the shutter blade based on the position of the shutter blade further comprises:

step S331: determining a target position of a shutter blade;

step S332: detecting the current position of the shutter blade in real time;

step S333: calculating the working current required by the shutter blade at the current position according to the deviation between the current position and the target position;

step S334: the motor is connected with the calculated working current to control the movement of the shutter blade,

the target position is at least one of a starting position, a first preset position (a full-open position, a position close to the full-open position) and an end position.

The working current of the motor and the position of the shutter blade have a corresponding relation, so that after the target position of the shutter blade is determined, the working current required by the shutter blade at the current position can be calculated according to the corresponding relation according to the deviation between the current position and the target position of the shutter blade, and the motor can control the shutter blade to move in a set mode after being electrified with the working current, so that the shutter blade is accurately controlled. The specific process of determining the working current of the motor is similar to the process of determining the working current of the motor in the closing process of the shutter blade, and is not described in detail herein.

Fig. 29 is a flowchart showing a shutter blade position calibration step of the control method of the shutter device of fig. 27. As shown in fig. 29, in some embodiments of the present application, the control method further includes a shutter blade position calibration step:

step S341: detecting the current position of the shutter blade in real time;

step S342: and adjusting the working current of the motor when the shutter blade is at the current position according to the error between the current position and the theoretical position so as to carry out position calibration.

In some cases, such as when the shutter device is used for a long time, there may be mechanical errors in the construction of the driving connection between the shutter blade and the motor. Even if the motor is supplied with the current calculated for a certain position of the shutter blade, it may not be possible to ensure that the speed of the shutter blade at this position reaches the theoretical value. Therefore, the position of the shutter blade can be calibrated through the shutter blade position calibration step, and the specific calibration process is similar to the calibration process in the shutter blade closing process, and is not repeated herein.

For the embodiments of the present application, it should also be noted that, in a case of no conflict, the embodiments of the present application and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other to obtain a new embodiment.

The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and the scope of the present application shall be subject to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A shutter device, comprising:

a base (10) having a light-transmitting hole (11);

at least two shutter blade groups (20) arranged on the base (10) in a circumferential direction of the light passing hole (11), each of the shutter blade groups (20) including an even number of shutter blades (21);

the driving structure comprises at least two driving structures, each driving structure drives one shutter blade group (20) to enable the shutter blades (21) in the shutter blade group (20) to rotate and to have an opening state and a closing state, when the shutter blades (21) are in the opening state, an even number of the shutter blades (21) are divided into two parts with the same number and are respectively located on two sides of the light through hole (11), when the shutter blades (21) are switched from the opening state to the closing state, the two parts rotate towards the light through hole (11), and when all the shutter blades (21) are in the closing state, all the shutter blades (21) jointly and completely cover the light through hole (11).

2. The shutter device according to claim 1, further comprising position detection means for detecting a position of at least one of the shutter blades (21) in each of the shutter blade groups (20).

3. A shutter device according to claim 2, characterized in that the drive structure comprises a motor (31), and the position detection means are adapted to detect the position of a rotor of the motor (31), from which the position of the corresponding shutter blade (21) can be derived.

4. The shutter device according to claim 3, wherein the position detection means comprises a Hall sensor (40), the Hall sensor (40) being arranged within the motor (31).

5. The shutter device according to claim 3, wherein the position detection means comprises a rotary encoder or a rotary transformer.

6. A shutter device according to claim 2, characterized in that the position detection means are adapted to cooperate with the shutter blade (21) to detect the position of the shutter blade (21).

7. The shutter device according to claim 6, wherein the position detection means comprises one or more of a Hall sensor, a reflective photoelectric switch, a correlation photoelectric switch, a contact position sensor.

8. The shutter device according to claim 1, wherein at least two of the shutter blade groups (20) are uniformly distributed in a circumferential direction of the light passing hole (11).

9. The shutter device according to claim 1, wherein the number of the shutter blade groups (20) is n, where n is greater than or equal to 2, and when all the shutter blades (21) in the n shutter blade groups (20) are in the closed state, all the shutter blades (21) in each of the shutter blade groups (20) cover at least 1/n area of the light passing hole (11).

10. The shutter device according to claim 1, wherein the number of the shutter blade groups (20) is two, and the number of the driving structures is two, and the two driving structures are respectively drivingly connected to the two shutter blade groups (20).

11. The shutter device according to claim 10, wherein the two shutter blade groups (20) are positioned symmetrically along a center line of the light passing hole (11).

12. The shutter device according to claim 1, wherein the shutter blades (21) in each of the shutter blade groups (20) are four.

13. The shutter device according to claim 1, wherein at least two of the shutter blade groups (20) are identical in structure.

14. The shutter device according to claim 1, wherein in each of the shutter blade groups (20), the drive structure drives an even number of the shutter blades (21) to rotate synchronously.

15. The shutter device according to claim 1, further comprising at least one separation plate (50), the separation plate (50) separating two adjacent shutter blade groups (20) in an extending direction of a center line of the light passing hole (11) with a gap from the two shutter blade groups (20).

16. The shutter device according to claim 1, further comprising a blade rotating shaft (60), the shutter blade (21) being rotatably connected to the base (10) by the blade rotating shaft (60), the shutter blade (21) comprising:

the transmission blade (211) is matched with the blade rotating shaft (60);

and the switch body blade (212) is connected with the transmission blade (211) in a bending mode, and when the shutter blade (21) is in the closed state, the switch body blade (212) covers a partial area of the light through hole (11).

17. The shutter device according to claim 16, wherein the switch body blade (212) of at least one of the shutter blades (21) is flat as a whole.

18. The shutter device according to claim 1, further comprising a position limiting structure (70), wherein the position limiting structure (70) is disposed on the base (10), an extension of a motion trajectory of the shutter blade (21) passes through the position limiting structure (70), and the position limiting structure (70) limits the shutter blade (21) when the shutter blade (21) is in the open state and/or the closed state.

19. The shutter device according to claim 18, wherein the position limiting structure (70) has a position limiting surface (71), the shutter blade (21) has a position limiting mating surface (213), and when the position limiting structure (70) limits the shutter blade (21), the position limiting surface (71) is attached to the position limiting mating surface (213).

20. A shutter device according to claim 1, further comprising a blade shaft (60), wherein the shutter blade (21) is rotatably connected to the base (10) via the blade shaft (60), wherein the driving mechanism comprises a motor (31) and a transmission member (32), wherein the transmission member (32) is disposed between the motor (31) and the shutter blade (21), the transmission member (32) is spaced apart from the blade shaft (60), wherein the motor (31) drives the transmission member (32) to swing, and the swinging transmission member (32) drives the shutter blade (21) to rotate.

21. The shutter device according to claim 20, wherein the shutter blades (21) are provided with through holes (215), an even number of the through holes (215) of the shutter blades (21) are partially overlapped, the transmission member (32) is simultaneously inserted into a position where the through holes (215) are overlapped, the through holes (215) form two stop surfaces (214) on two opposite side hole walls on the moving track of the transmission member (32), the blade rotating shafts (60) correspond to the shutter blades (21) one by one, the blade rotating shafts (60) are spaced from each other, and the transmission member (32) contacts one stop surface (214) of each through hole (215) and pushes the stop surface (214) to move so as to drive the shutter blades (21) to rotate in the corresponding direction along with the swinging of the transmission member (32).

22. A shutter device according to claim 20, wherein the motor (31) comprises a stator and a rotor located outside the stator, the transmission member (32) being connected to the rotor, the transmission member (32) being offset from and oscillating about the axis of rotation of the rotor.

23. A shutter device according to claim 22, characterised in that the transmission member (32) is of unitary construction with the rotor.

24. The shutter device according to claim 20, wherein the motor (31) comprises a stator, a rotor inside the stator, and an output shaft (311) connected to the rotor, the driving structure further comprises an intermediate link (33), the output shaft (311) and the transmission member (32) are connected to the intermediate link (33), and the transmission member (32) and the output shaft (311) are spaced from each other in a direction perpendicular to the output shaft (311), the transmission member (32) swings around the output shaft (311).

25. A photographing apparatus characterized by comprising the shutter device according to any one of claims 1 to 24.