CN213875833U - Bidirectional current Hall sensor circuit - Google Patents
Bidirectional current Hall sensor circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN213875833U CN213875833U CN202022974426.0U CN202022974426U CN213875833U CN 213875833 U CN213875833 U CN 213875833U CN 202022974426 U CN202022974426 U CN 202022974426U CN 213875833 U CN213875833 U CN 213875833U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a two-way electric current hall sensor circuit, including the hollow coil of annular, locate the hall chip of the hollow coil breach department of annular, couple the H bridge circuit of hall chip and hollow coil of annular to and couple the bleeder circuit of H bridge circuit, and couple bleeder circuit's signal processing unit, locate the enlarged drive circuit between hall chip and the H bridge circuit, and couple the power module who enlargies drive circuit and H bridge circuit. The circuit utilizes the H-bridge circuit to enable the annular hollow coil to generate a bidirectional magnetic field, collects the output voltage of the voltage division circuit during dynamic magnetic balance, calculates the magnitude of current and judges the direction of the current, further realizes the accurate measurement of the bidirectional flowing current of the large current of the energy storage battery, and further improves the SOC estimation precision.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of a current measurement and specifically relates to a two-way current hall sensor circuit.
Background
When the residual capacity SOC of the battery is accurately estimated, the SOC estimation accuracy depends on the accuracy of a current measurement sensor, and for occasions with energy recovery, such as energy recovery during braking and parking, the current flowing into the battery has bidirectional energy flow, so that if a traditional Hall circuit sensor is adopted, the reverse current cannot be measured due to the limitation of a detection principle, and a larger estimation error can be generated if the traditional Hall current sensor is adopted to measure the current flowing into and out of the battery and then the residual capacity SOC of the battery is estimated.
The comparison document CN111162775A discloses an H-bridge driving circuit and a current sensor based on the H-bridge driving circuit, which are used for solving the problem that the field of automobile parts cannot provide a bipolar power supply for the traditional closed-loop hall and closed-loop AMR, and solving the problem that the wide-range current measurement cannot meet the requirements of low cost and small size in the field of automobile application. However, the following problems exist in the comparison document:
1. in the H-bridge driving circuit in the comparison document, a first resistor R1 and a second resistor R2 are connected in series and then connected in parallel with a coil and then connected into the H-bridge circuit, so that the circuit in the coil is shunted by the resistors, the measurement precision of current is greatly influenced, and even an accurate coil circuit cannot be obtained.
2. Sampling resistor Ra inserts the power return circuit in the comparison file, and the singlechip can't judge the flow direction of circuit through sampling resistor's voltage, can't judge the current direction in the comparison file promptly, can't realize the two-way measurement of electric current, and sampling resistor Ra heats seriously in such a relation of connection.
3. In the embodiment among the comparison file, hall chip output and fortune are put and are connected, and the output is directly connected with the H bridge to fortune, and to triode formula H bridge, the triode can not work at the enlarged state like this, because the triode belongs to the current drive formula, and what the output was put to fortune is voltage signal, can't drive the H bridge, leads to the unable work of H bridge.
4. In the comparison document, the transistors T1 and T2 of the H bridge are connected together in base, and the transistors T3 and T4 are connected together in base, so that the 4 connected transistors can not pass current in the coil.
In summary, the technical solution proposed in the reference fails to solve the technical problem proposed, that is, the high-precision bidirectional measurement of the current cannot be realized.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model discloses an overcome not enough of above technique, provide a two-way current hall sensor circuit, this circuit utilizes H bridge type circuit, makes annular hollow coil produce two-way magnetic field, and output voltage when gathering dynamic magnetic balance carries out the calculation of electric current size and the judgement of direction of current, and then realizes the accurate measurement to the two-way flow current of energy storage battery heavy current, has further improved SOC estimation precision.
The utility model provides a two-way electric current hall sensor circuit, including annular hollow coil 2, locate the hall chip 3 of 2 breach departments of annular hollow coil, couple hall chip 3 and annular hollow coil 2's H bridge circuit to and couple H bridge circuit's bleeder circuit and couple bleeder circuit's signal processing unit, still including locating the amplified drive circuit between hall chip 3 and the H bridge circuit, and couple the power module who amplifies drive circuit and H bridge circuit. The amplifying driving circuit is used for amplifying the voltage output by the Hall chip 3 and then driving the H-bridge circuit to be conducted, and enabling a triode in the H-bridge circuit to work in an amplifying state. The power module provides positive and negative double power supplies for the amplification driving circuit and provides a positive working power supply for the H-bridge circuit. And the signal processing unit acquires the voltage difference value output by the voltage division circuit, judges the direction of the current 1 to be measured according to the voltage difference algebraic value and calculates the magnitude of the current 1 to be measured.
Furthermore, the H bridge circuit comprises a triode MID-MID 4, the base electrode of the triode MID1 is used as a first input end to be coupled with the amplification driving circuit, the emitting electrode of the triode MID2 and the emitting electrode of the triode MID2 are used for being coupled with a power supply, and the collecting electrode of the triode MID3 are coupled as a first output end to be coupled with the annular hollow coil 2 and the voltage division circuit; the base of the transistor MID2 is used as a second input end to be coupled with the amplifying driving circuit, the collector of the transistor MID4 is coupled with the annular air coil 2 and the voltage division circuit as a second output end, the bases of the transistors MID3 and MID4 are respectively used as a third input end and a fourth input end to be coupled with the amplifying driving circuit, and the emitters of the transistors MID3 and MID4 are used for being coupled with the ground.
The transistors MID2 and MID3 are used as a pair of bridge arms and are turned on and in an amplification state when the hall chip 3 outputs a positive voltage, and the transistors MID1 and MID4 are turned on and in an amplification state when the hall chip 3 outputs a negative voltage.
Further, the amplifying driving circuit comprises a driving circuit and an amplifying circuit which are coupled, the driving circuit comprises a transistor Q9, a transistor Q10, and resistors R49, R51, R55 and R59. A base of the transistor Q9 is coupled to one end of the resistor R51, a collector is coupled to one end of the resistor R49, and an emitter is coupled to the third input terminal; a base of the transistor Q10 is coupled to one end of the resistor R59, a collector is coupled to one end of the resistor R55, and an emitter is coupled to the fourth input terminal; the other end of the resistor R49 is coupled to a second input end; the other end of the resistor R55 is coupled to the first input terminal. The other end of the resistor R51 is coupled to the amplifier circuit as a fifth input terminal, and the other end of the resistor R59 is coupled to the amplifier circuit as a sixth input terminal.
The driving circuit is used for ensuring the current driving of the triode of the H bridge and controlling the connection and disconnection of a pair of bridge arms of the H bridge.
Further, the resistances of the resistors R49 and R55 are less than 50 Ω.
When the values of the resistors R49 and R55 are too large, the voltage at two ends of the annular air coil can reach the voltage of a power supply, the resistance values of the resistors R49 and R55 are not less than 50 omega, and the H bridge pair of the H bridge circuit can work in an amplification state.
Further, the amplifying circuit comprises a first operational amplifier and a second operational amplifier, resistors R47-R48, R50, R52, R54, R58, R60 and R64, wherein the same-direction end of the first operational amplifier is coupled to one end of the resistor R52, the opposite-direction end of the first operational amplifier is coupled to one ends of the resistors R47 and R50, and the output end and the other end of the resistor R47 are coupled to a fifth input end; the same end of the second operational amplifier is coupled to one end of the resistor R60, the reverse end of the second operational amplifier is coupled to one ends of the resistors R54 and R58, and the output end of the second operational amplifier and the other end of the resistor R54 are coupled to a sixth input end; positive and negative power supply pins of the first operational amplifier and the second operational amplifier are respectively coupled with positive and negative power supplies output by the power supply module; one end of the resistor R48 is coupled to the other ends of the resistors R52 and R58 to serve as a seventh input end and coupled to the Hall sensor, the other ends of the resistors R50 and R60 and the other end of the resistor R64 to serve as an eighth input end and coupled to the Hall sensor, and the other ends of the resistors R48 and R64 are used for being coupled to the ground.
An amplifying circuit is connected to the output end of the Hall sensor, and the signal which is output by the Hall sensor and difficult to observe is amplified into a voltage signal from-5V to + 5V.
Furthermore, the voltage divider circuit comprises R56-R57 and R62-R63, one end of the resistor R56 is coupled to the first output terminal, the other end of the resistor R56 and one end of the resistor R62 are used as a third output terminal and coupled to the signal processing unit, one end of the resistor R57 is coupled to the first output terminal, the other end of the resistor R63 and one end of the resistor R63 are used as a fourth output terminal and coupled to the signal processing unit, and the other ends of the resistor R62 and the resistor R63 are coupled to ground.
The voltage division circuit adopts 2 paths of series resistors for voltage division, and can judge the direction of the current and calculate the magnitude of the current according to the magnitude of two paths of voltage division values.
Furthermore, the annular hollow coil 2 comprises a framework and a coil wound on the framework, the framework is of an annular hollow structure made of non-magnetic materials, the cross section of the framework is circular, and a gap with the width of 2 mm-4 mm is formed in the annular direction.
Furthermore, the coil is made of low-temperature floating copper enameled wire with the cross-section diameter smaller than 0.21mm, and 2000-5000 turns of the enameled wire are wound on the framework.
The coil is continuously wound by the low-temperature-drift constantan enameled wire, and the resistance value cannot generate large change along with the temperature change.
The utility model has the advantages that:
1. a bidirectional magnetic balance passage is constructed by utilizing the triode amplification state of an H-bridge circuit and combining an annular hollow coil, dynamic magnetic balance is achieved, the output voltage difference of a voltage division circuit is collected, the direction and the size of current are calculated according to the voltage difference algebraic value, and bidirectional accurate measurement of direct current is achieved.
2. The coil of the annular hollow coil is a copper enameled wire made of low-temperature drift materials, the resistance value of the coil cannot change along with the temperature, the framework of the annular hollow coil is made of high-temperature-resistant non-magnetic-conductive materials, and the magnetic saturation phenomenon cannot occur in the direct current measurement range of 0-2000A.
3. The amplification driving circuit outputs current to control the H bridge type circuit to work in an amplification state, and the amplification driving circuit adopts double power supplies to supply power so as to ensure that only a single bridge arm of the H bridge works and avoid the double bridge arms from being conducted at the same time, so that the H bridge module is not burnt out.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the composition and connection relationship of a bidirectional current hall sensor circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of a bidirectional current hall sensor circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a 12V to +5V circuit of a power module of a bidirectional current hall sensor circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a 5V-5V circuit of a power module of a bidirectional current hall sensor circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a hall chip and an annular air-core coil according to an embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure, 1, the current to be measured; 2. annular hollow coil, 3, hall chip.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate better understanding of the present invention for those skilled in the art, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, which are given by way of illustration only and thus do not limit the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the schematic diagram of the composition and connection relationship of the bidirectional current hall sensor circuit includes an annular hollow coil 2, a hall chip 3 disposed at a notch of the annular hollow coil 2, an H-bridge circuit coupled to the hall chip 3 and the annular hollow coil 2, a voltage dividing circuit coupled to the H-bridge circuit, a signal processing unit coupled to the voltage dividing circuit, an amplification driving circuit disposed between the hall chip 3 and the H-bridge circuit, and a power module coupled to the amplification driving circuit and the H-bridge circuit.
The bi-directional current hall sensor circuit of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the specific embodiments shown in figures 2-5,
as shown in fig. 2, the hall chip 3 induces an induced magnetic field generated by the current 1 to be measured in the annular hollow coil 2, the pin 1 of the hall chip 3 outputs a voltage to the equidirectional input end of the first operational amplifier and the opposite input end of the second operational amplifier of the amplifying circuit, and the pin 2 outputs a voltage to the opposite input end of the first operational amplifier and the equidirectional input end of the second operational amplifier of the amplifying circuit. The operational amplifier is used for converting a voltage signal output by the Hall chip 3 into a voltage signal of-5V to +5V, and outputs opposite voltages to control the base electrodes of the triodes Q9 and Q10 of the driving circuit through the anti-symmetric input of the two operational amplifiers.
Specifically, the first operational amplifier and the second operational amplifier are two channels of an operational amplifier, and the selected model is OPA 2237. As fig. 3 the utility model discloses two-way current measurement hall sensor circuit's power module 12V changes +5V circuit schematic diagram, for fortune is put and is provided +5V power, changes-5V as the 5V of the power module that fig. 4 shows, provides dual power supply for operational amplifier. The hall chip 3 employs a switch type dual output W231.
The triodes of the driving circuit provide driving current for the work of the H bridge circuit, bases of triodes MID1 and MID2 of the H bridge circuit are respectively coupled with one ends of driving circuit resistors R49 and R55, bases of triodes MID3 and MID4 are respectively coupled with emitters of the driving circuit triodes Q9 and Q10, collectors of MID1 and MID3 are coupled with a pin 2 of the annular hollow coil 2 and one end of a voltage division circuit resistor R56, collectors of MID2 and MID4 are coupled with a pin 1 of the annular hollow coil 2 and the voltage division circuit, MID2 and MID3 are conducted and in an amplification state when the Hall chip 3 outputs positive voltage, and triodes MID1 and MID4 are conducted and in the amplification state when the Hall chip 3 outputs negative voltage.
Specifically, in the H-bridge circuit, MD1 is a PNP transistor, MD2 is a PNP transistor, MD3 is an NPN transistor, and MD4 is an NPN transistor. The resistances of the resistors R49 and R55 are 47 Ω. The driving circuit transistors Q9 and Q10 adopt NPN transistors 9013.
It should be noted that the transistor in the H-bridge circuit may be replaced by other switching devices, such as mos transistor. In order to realize the measurement of larger current, Vcc in the H-bridge circuit must be greater than 10V, otherwise the measurement of large current of 2000A or above can not be satisfied, if the operating voltage VCC of the H-bridge circuit is small, the VT variation range is small, and the measurement current range of the measurement coil is small.
The voltage divider circuit adopts 2-way series resistor voltage division, one end of the resistor R56 and one end of the resistor R62 are coupled with the output VXTo the signal processing unit, one end of a resistor R56 and one end of a resistor R62 are coupled to the output VYTo the signal processing unit, the A/D port of the microprocessor of the signal processing unit collects VXAnd VYVoltage of V1＝VX×(R62+R56)/R62，V2＝VY×(R63+R57)/R63，V1And V2Is the value of the voltage across the coil. By the formula I ═ V1-V2) The value of the current in the annular air core coil 2 is calculated by V01-V2The obtained voltage difference algebraic value is V1-V2The current direction is judged according to the positive and negative values of the voltage. R0 is the intrinsic resistance of the annular air coil 2. And if the calculated numerical value is greater than the value stored in the register of the microprocessor, updating the value in the register of the microprocessor. During the transmission with the CAN signal, the register maximum current value and the calculated average current value are transmitted. And communicates with other hosts or equipment through the CAN module of the signal processing unit.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the resistances of the resistors R56-R57 are 4K, and the resistances of the resistors R62-R63 are 1K. The microprocessor adopts an MC9S12XS128 chip, and the CAN module adopts a TJA1050 integrated module.
It should be noted that, the operating voltage of the annular hollow coil 2 is large, the a/D end of the signal processing unit cannot directly collect the voltage, in order to collect the voltages at the two ends of the annular hollow coil 2, a two-component voltage circuit is adopted, in order to reduce the current in the resistor, the resistance value of the resistor is selected from a large resistance value, and the requirement that the maximum collecting voltage is smaller than the operating voltage of the microprocessor is met.
As shown in fig. 5, the hall sensor and the annular air core coil 2 according to the embodiment of the present invention are schematically illustrated. As an implementation manner of the embodiment, with the flow direction of the current 1 to be measured shown in fig. 5 as a forward current direction, the current 1 to be measured passes through the annular hollow coil 2 to generate a forward induced magnetic field, the hall chip 3 is disposed in the forward induced magnetic field, pin 1 of the hall chip 3 outputs a high level to the input ends of the operational amplifier 1 and the operational amplifier 2 of the amplifying circuit, the operational amplifier 1 outputs a positive signal, the operational amplifier 2 outputs a negative signal, the transistor Q9 of the driving circuit is turned on, the transistor Q10 is turned off, the transistor Q9 turns on and outputs a current to control the transistors MID2 and MID3 of the H-bridge circuit to be turned on, voltage differences are generated at two ends of pin 1 and pin 2 of the annular hollow coil 2 to generate a current, and the magnetic field generated by the annular hollow coil 2 flowing with the current offsets the forward magnetic field generated by the current 1 to be measured until the magnetic field is dynamically balanced. The current I in the toroidal air core coil 2 is (Vcc-2VT)/R, where Vcc is the H-bridge operating voltage and VT is the H-bridge transistor voltage drop. The base current of the H-bridge circuit is different, the VT voltage drop is also different, and R is the resistance of the annular hollow coil 2.
If the magnetic field is balanced, the hall chip 3 has no output, the H-bridge stops working, the magnetic field applied on the hall chip 3 is unbalanced, the hall chip 3 outputs again at the moment, namely, the two magnetic fields applied on the hall chip 3 are unbalanced, the H-bridge starts working again, the operation amplifier outputs voltage signals with different duty ratios, the duty ratios of the output signals of the operation amplifier 1 are different, namely, the voltages of the transistors Q9 and Q10 applied on the driving circuit are different, so that the output currents of the transistors Q9 and Q10 are different, and finally the voltage drop VT of the transistor in the H-bridge circuit is different, in order to measure the voltages at two ends of the annular hollow coil 2 and the direction of the flowing current, the direction of the current of the annular hollow coil 2 is obtained by measuring the positive and negative values of the voltage difference at the two positions of the voltage division circuit X and the voltage difference at the Y, for example, if V isX>VXIndicating that the annular hollow coil 2 is supplied with direct current in the positive direction if VY>VXIndicating that the toroidal air core coil 2 is energized with a reverse direct current. Voltage division between two ends in annular hollow coil 2Is other than V1And V2,V1＝VX×(R62+R56)/R62,V2＝VYX (R63+ R57)/R63, and the current in the annular hollow coil 2 adopts I ═ V1-V2) R0, R0 is the intrinsic resistance of the annular air coil 2, V1-V2Is the voltage difference applied across the annular air coil 2. And calculating the current value i of the current to be measured 1 by using the coil transformation ratio N, namely, i is equal to NI.
When the current 1 to be measured flows in the reverse current direction, the triodes MID1 and MID4 of the H-bridge circuit are conducted, and the current is measured when the current 1 to be measured flows in the reverse current direction.
The foregoing has described only the basic principles and preferred embodiments of the present invention and numerous changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art in light of the above teachings and shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A bidirectional current Hall sensor circuit comprises an annular hollow coil (2), a Hall chip (3) arranged at a gap of the annular hollow coil (2), an H bridge circuit coupled with the Hall chip (3) and the annular hollow coil (2), a voltage division circuit coupled with the H bridge circuit and a signal processing unit coupled with the voltage division circuit, and is characterized by further comprising an amplification driving circuit arranged between the Hall chip (3) and the H bridge circuit, and a power supply module coupled with the amplification driving circuit and the H bridge circuit; the amplification driving circuit is used for amplifying the voltage output by the Hall chip (3) and then driving the H-bridge circuit to be conducted, and enabling a triode in the H-bridge circuit to work in an amplification state; the power module provides positive and negative double power supplies for the amplification driving circuit and provides a positive working power supply for the H-bridge circuit, the signal processing unit collects a voltage difference value output by the voltage division circuit, and judges the direction of the current (1) to be detected and calculates the size of the current (1) to be detected according to a voltage difference algebraic value.
2. The circuit of claim 1, wherein the H-bridge circuit comprises a transistor MIDI-MID 4; the base electrode of the triode MID1 is used as a first input end to be coupled with the amplification driving circuit, the emitter electrode of the triode MID2 is used for being coupled with a power supply, and the collector electrode of the triode MID3 is coupled with the collector electrode of the triode MID3 to be used as a first output end to be coupled with the annular hollow coil (2) and the voltage division circuit; the base electrode of the transistor MID2 is used as a second input end to be coupled with the amplifying driving circuit, the collector electrode of the transistor MID4 and the collector electrode of the transistor MID4 are coupled as second output ends to be coupled with the annular hollow coil (2) and the voltage division circuit, the base electrodes of the transistors MID3 and MID4 are respectively used as a third input end and a fourth input end to be coupled with the amplifying driving circuit, and the emitter electrodes of the transistors MID3 and MID4 are used for being coupled with the ground.
3. The circuit of claim 2, wherein the amplification driving circuit comprises a driving circuit and an amplification circuit coupled to each other, the driving circuit comprising a transistor Q9 and a transistor Q10, resistors R49, R51, R55 and R59;
the base of the triode Q9 is coupled to one end of the resistor R51, the collector is coupled to one end of the resistor R49, and the emitter is coupled to the third input terminal;
the base of the triode Q10 is coupled to one end of the resistor R59, the collector is coupled to one end of the resistor R55, and the emitter is coupled to the fourth input terminal;
the other end of the resistor R49 is coupled to the second input end; the other end of the resistor R55 is coupled to the first input terminal, the other end of the resistor R51 is coupled to the amplifying circuit as the fifth input terminal, and the other end of the resistor R59 is coupled to the amplifying circuit as the sixth input terminal.
4. The circuit of claim 3, wherein the resistances of the resistors R49 and R55 are less than 50 Ω.
5. The circuit of claim 3, wherein the amplifying circuit comprises a first operational amplifier and a second operational amplifier, resistors R47-R48, R50, R52, R54, R58, R60, and R64,
the same-direction end of the first operational amplifier is coupled to one end of the resistor R52, the reverse end of the first operational amplifier is coupled to one ends of the resistors R47 and R50, and the output end of the first operational amplifier and the other end of the resistor R47 are coupled to a fifth input end;
the same-direction end of the second operational amplifier is coupled to one end of the resistor R60, the reverse end of the second operational amplifier is coupled to one ends of the resistors R54 and R58, and the output end of the second operational amplifier and the other end of the resistor R54 are coupled to a sixth input end;
positive and negative power supply pins of the first operational amplifier and the second operational amplifier are respectively coupled with positive and negative power supplies output by the power supply module;
one end of the resistor R48 is coupled with the other ends of the resistors R52 and R58 and is coupled with the pin 1 of the Hall sensor, the other ends of the resistors R50 and R60 and the other end of the resistor R64 are coupled with the pin 2 of the Hall sensor, and the other ends of the resistors R48 and R64 are used for being coupled with the ground.
6. The circuit of claim 5, wherein the voltage divider circuit comprises R56-R57 and R62-R63, one end of the resistor R56 is coupled to the first output terminal, the other end and one end of the resistor R62 are used as a third output terminal and coupled to the signal processing unit, one end of the resistor R57 is coupled to the second output terminal, the other end and one end of the resistor R63 are used as a fourth output terminal and coupled to the signal processing unit, and the other ends of the resistors R62 and R63 are used for coupling to ground.
7. The circuit according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein the annular hollow coil comprises a bobbin and a coil wound on the bobbin, the bobbin is an annular hollow structure made of non-magnetic conductive material, the cross section of the annular hollow structure is circular, and a gap with a width of 2 mm-4 mm is formed along the annular direction.
8. The circuit according to claim 7, wherein the coil is a low-temperature copper-bleached enameled wire with a cross-sectional diameter of less than 0.21mm, and 2000-5000 turns of the enameled wire are wound on the framework.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202022974426.0U CN213875833U (en) | 2020-12-09 | 2020-12-09 | Bidirectional current Hall sensor circuit |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202022974426.0U CN213875833U (en) | 2020-12-09 | 2020-12-09 | Bidirectional current Hall sensor circuit |
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