CN213824714U

CN213824714U - Tube array type fixed bed reactor

Info

Publication number: CN213824714U
Application number: CN202022790858.6U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 牟新东; 高鹍; 李慧
Original assignee: Qingdao Huahe Pharmaceutical Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Shanghai suntian Technology Co.,Ltd.
Priority date: 2020-11-27
Filing date: 2020-11-27
Publication date: 2021-07-30
Anticipated expiration: 2030-11-27

Abstract

The utility model relates to a shell and tube fixed bed reactor. This shell and tube fixed bed reactor includes the casing and locates the feeding distributor in the casing, the reaction tube bank, top tube plate and lower tube sheet, be equipped with feed inlet and discharge gate on the casing, the feed inlet passes through the access connection of inlet pipe with the feeding distributor, top tube plate and lower tube sheet set up relatively from top to bottom and fixed with the inner wall of casing, the reaction tube bank is located between top tube plate and the lower tube sheet, the discharge end and the discharge gate of reaction tube bank are connected, be equipped with the guiding gutter on the top tube plate, the outside of reaction tube bank is located to the guiding gutter, the tank bottom of guiding gutter is equipped with the honeycomb duct, in order to be connected the guiding gutter with the remaining liquid house steward of the below of locating lower tube. The utility model discloses can enough realize liquid evenly distributed, can effectively retrieve the liquid material that scatters unreacted on the tube sheet again, and simple structure, low in cost, enlarge easily, can effectively improve the reactivity of reactor.

Description

Tube array type fixed bed reactor

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a chemical industry technical field, concretely relates to shell and tube fixed bed reactor.

Background

The tubular fixed bed reactor is a reactor with a structure similar to a shell-and-tube heat exchanger: the tube bundle is filled with catalyst, heat carrier is introduced between the tubes, and gas and/or liquid material flows through the stationary fixed bed layer through the gaps of catalyst particles, so that the heterogeneous reaction process is realized. Compared with a heat insulation type fixed bed reactor, the tubular fixed bed reactor has more heat exchange areas, so that the tubular fixed bed reactor is mainly used for a reaction process with a larger reaction heat effect.

Tubular fixed bed reactors have been developed sufficiently for gas-solid phase catalytic synthesis, such as: the synthesis gas catalysis methanol preparation, the methanol catalysis olefin preparation and the like have mature large-scale industrialized devices. For a fixed bed reactor in which both gas and liquid phases contact catalyst particles simultaneously or only the liquid phase contacts the catalyst, a trickle bed adiabatic reactor is mainly used in industry, for example: a heavy oil hydrogenation device. The trickle-bed reactor is a gas-liquid-solid three-phase fixed-bed reactor, the liquid passing down through the solid catalyst in the form of a liquid film, the gas flowing down mostly in cocurrent. However, the trickle bed adiabatic reactor is far from meeting the heat removal requirement in the high boiling point and strong exothermic reaction process.

The industrial application of tubular fixed beds in heterogeneous catalysis of liquid-solid or gas-liquid-solid phases has been studied less so far, one of the main reasons being that liquid feed must be dispersed into the individual reaction tubes, which is not possible with the liquid distributors used in industrial applications at present. In the prior art, liquid raw materials are respectively led into each reaction tube of a reaction tube bundle through a point-to-point liquid distributor so as to solve the problem of liquid phase distribution. However, for large tubular fixed beds involving thousands of reaction tubes, such liquid distributors become very complex and heavy, with a consequent increase in the cost. Therefore, the liquid feeding mode which is simple in design and easy to amplify and the solution of the liquid distribution problem have important practical significance for the tube array type fixed bed reactor.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In view of the above-mentioned problem that prior art exists, the utility model aims to provide a shell and tube fixed bed reactor can enough realize liquid evenly distributed, can effectively retrieve the liquid material that scatters unreacted on the tube sheet simultaneously again, and simple structure, low in cost, enlarge easily, can effectively improve shell and tube fixed bed reactor's reactivity.

In order to realize the aim, the utility model provides a tube array type fixed bed reactor, which comprises a shell, a feeding distributor, a reaction tube bundle, an upper tube plate and a lower tube plate which are arranged in the shell, the shell is provided with a feed inlet and a discharge outlet, the feed inlet is connected with the inlet of the feed distributor through a feed pipe, the upper tube plate and the lower tube plate are arranged oppositely up and down and fixed with the inner wall of the shell, the reaction tube bundle is arranged between the upper tube plate and the lower tube plate, the discharge end of the reaction tube bundle is connected with the discharge port, the upper tube plate is provided with a diversion trench, the diversion trench is arranged at the outer side of the reaction tube bundle, a diversion tube is arranged at the bottom of the diversion trench, the diversion trench is connected with a residual liquid main pipe arranged below the lower tube plate, and the shell is provided with a liquid return port connected with the residual liquid main pipe.

In some embodiments, the baffle slots are annular grooves disposed about the reactor tube bundle.

In some embodiments, one end of the flow guide pipe is connected with the bottom of the flow guide groove, and the other end of the flow guide pipe passes through the lower tube plate and is connected with the residual liquid main pipe.

In some embodiments, the flow guide pipe is a plurality of flow guide pipes which are uniformly distributed along the flow guide groove.

In some embodiments, the total liquid flow is in a radial or annular configuration.

In some embodiments, the feed distributor is a sparger, a perforated tube, a trough, or a combination distributor.

In some embodiments, the discharge port is disposed at the bottom of the housing, and the liquid return port is disposed at a position on the sidewall of the housing, which is close to the bottom.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model provides a shell and tube fixed bed reactor is through setting up the guiding gutter on last tube sheet to carry the unreacted material that flows into the guiding gutter to the remaining liquid house steward that is located lower tube sheet below through the honeycomb duct and retrieve, with unreacted material cyclic utilization, can enough realize liquid evenly distributed, can effectively retrieve the liquid material that scatters between each reaction intertube of reaction tube bank simultaneously again. The tubular fixed bed reactor has the advantages of simple structure, strong practicability, low manufacturing cost and easy amplification, and can obviously improve the reaction performance of the tubular fixed bed reactor and widen the application range of the tubular fixed bed reactor.

Drawings

In the drawings, which are not necessarily drawn to scale, like reference numerals may describe similar components in different views. Like reference numerals having letter suffixes or different letter suffixes may represent different instances of similar components. The drawings illustrate various embodiments, by way of example and not by way of limitation, and together with the description and claims, serve to explain the embodiments of the invention. The same reference numbers will be used throughout the drawings to refer to the same or like parts, where appropriate. Such embodiments are illustrative, and are not intended to be exhaustive or exclusive embodiments of the present apparatus or method.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an assembly structure of a tubular fixed bed reactor according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a top view of an upper tube sheet of a shell and tube fixed bed reactor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Reference numerals:

1-a shell, 101-a feed inlet, 102-a discharge outlet, 103-a liquid return port, 10-an upper pipe box and 20-a lower pipe box; 2-a feed distributor; 3-a reaction tube bundle; 4-an upper tube plate; 5-lower tube plate; 6-feeding pipe; 7-a flow guide groove and 8-a flow guide pipe; 9-total raffinate line.

Detailed Description

In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention are combined below to clearly and completely describe the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention.

Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the invention belongs. The use of "first," "second," and similar terms in the description herein do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather the terms are used to distinguish one element from another. The word "comprising" or "comprises", and the like, means that the element or item listed before the word covers the element or item listed after the word and its equivalents, but does not exclude other elements or items. The terms "connected" or "coupled" and the like are not restricted to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like are used merely to indicate relative positional relationships, and when the absolute position of the object being described is changed, the relative positional relationships may also be changed accordingly.

To maintain the following description of the embodiments of the present invention clear and concise, detailed descriptions of well-known functions and components may be omitted.

Fig. 1 and fig. 2 are schematic structural diagrams of a tube array type fixed bed reactor according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, an embodiment of the present invention provides a tube array type fixed bed reactor, which comprises a shell 1, a feeding distributor 2, a reaction tube bundle 3, an upper tube plate 4 and a lower tube plate 5, which are arranged in the shell 1, wherein the shell 1 is provided with a feeding port 101 and a discharging port 102, the feeding port 101 is connected with an inlet of the feeding distributor 2 through a feeding pipe 6, the upper tube plate 4 and the lower tube plate 5 are arranged up and down and are fixed with an inner wall of the shell 1, the reaction tube bundle 3 is arranged between the upper tube plate 4 and the lower tube plate 5, a discharging end of the reaction tube bundle 3 is connected with the discharging port 102, the upper tube plate 4 is provided with a diversion trench 7, the diversion trench 7 is arranged outside the reaction tube bundle 3, and a diversion pipe 8 is arranged at the bottom of the diversion trench 7, so that the diversion trench 7 is connected with the residual liquid header pipe 9 arranged below the lower tube plate 5, and the shell 1 is provided with a liquid return port 103 connected with the residual liquid header pipe 9.

The embodiment of the utility model provides a shell and tube fixed bed reactor is to high boiling point, the solid or the solid heterogeneous catalytic reaction process of gas-liquid of strong exothermic.

Specifically, the reaction tube bundle 3 includes a plurality of reaction tubes, the reaction tube bundle 3 composed of the plurality of reaction tubes is vertically arranged in the shell 1, and the reaction tubes are filled with a catalyst (usually, a solid catalyst) and are the main reaction area; the upper tube plate 4 and the lower tube plate 5 are used for fixing the reaction tube bundle 3; the diversion trench 7 and the diversion pipe 8 are used for collecting liquid phase materials scattered outside the reaction tube bundle 3 on the upper tube plate 4; the residual liquid header pipe 9 is used for gathering unreacted liquid phase materials guided out by each guide pipe 8 and sending the liquid phase materials out of the tube array fixed bed reactor for recycling.

Liquid phase or gas-liquid phase materials enter an upper tube box 10 of the tubular fixed bed reactor from a feeding hole 101 arranged at the top of the reactor, after being uniformly distributed by a feeding distributor 2, most of the materials enter a reaction tube bundle 3 to fully contact with catalyst particles for reaction, and the reacted liquid materials enter a lower tube box 20 through the discharge end of the reaction tube and flow out through a discharge hole 102; a small amount of materials are scattered among the reaction tubes on the upper tube plate 4, and liquid phase materials scattered among the tubes are collected by the diversion trench 7, flow into the residual liquid header pipe 9 through the diversion pipe 8, are collected and flow out through the liquid return port 103 for recycling.

The embodiment of the utility model provides a shell and tube fixed bed reactor is through setting up guiding gutter 7 on last tube sheet 4 to carry the unreacted material that will flow into guiding gutter 7 to the remaining liquid house steward 9 that is located tube sheet 5 below through honeycomb duct 8 and retrieve, with unreacted material cyclic utilization, can enough realize liquid evenly distributed, can effectively retrieve the liquid material that scatters among each reaction intertube of reaction tube bank 3 simultaneously again. The tubular fixed bed reactor has the advantages of simple structure, strong practicability, low manufacturing cost and easy amplification, and can obviously improve the reaction performance of the tubular fixed bed reactor and widen the application range of the tubular fixed bed reactor.

In some embodiments, the feed distributor 2 may be a spray, perforated tube, trough, or combination distributor capable of uniformly distributing liquid.

In some embodiments, the channels 7 are annular grooves disposed around the bundle 3 to facilitate the flow of liquid phase material between the reaction tubes into the channels 7.

The shape of guiding gutter 7 can set up according to actual need, the utility model discloses not specifically inject. For example, in the present embodiment, the reaction tube bundle 3 composed of a plurality of reaction tubes is hexagonal, and therefore, the shape of the baffle groove 7 may be a hexagonal groove matching the shape of the reaction tube bundle 3.

One end of the draft tube 8 is connected with the draft groove 7, and the other end of the draft tube 8 passes through the lower tube plate 5 and is connected with a residual liquid header pipe 9 arranged below the lower tube plate 5.

In this embodiment, the number of the flow guide pipes 8 is plural, and the plural flow guide pipes 8 are uniformly distributed along the flow guide groove 7, so as to ensure that the liquid-phase material in the flow guide groove 7 uniformly flows into the residual liquid header pipe 9 through each flow guide pipe 8. The number of the draft tubes 8 can be set according to the size of the liquid flow, the size of the reactor, and the like, and the draft tubes 8 are preferably 4 to 6.

In some embodiments, the raffinate main 9 is in a radial or annular configuration to facilitate the pooling of liquid phase feed. When the residual liquid main pipe 9 is in an annular structure, the residual liquid main pipe 9 is an annular pipe.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the feeding hole 101 is disposed at the center of the top of the casing 1, so that the material can rapidly enter the casing 1; the diapire of casing 1 is located to discharge gate 10, and the position that the lateral wall of casing 1 is close to the bottom is located to liquid return port 103 to make the liquid phase material after the reaction and the liquid phase material that does not react flow out through different pipelines, rational in infrastructure, and can effectively distinguish different pipelines.

The embodiment of the utility model provides a according to foretell shell and tube fixed bed reactor's structure, further explain shell and tube fixed bed reactor concrete design and reaction effect.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the DN450 tubular fixed bed reactor has 60 reaction tubes of Φ 38 × 2, and the reaction tube bundle 3 formed by the reaction tubes is arranged in a regular triangle, and the tube spacing is 48 mm; the diversion trench 7 is an annular groove, the width of the trench is 20mm, and the depth of the trench is 30 mm; 4 honeycomb ducts 8 with the diameter of phi 20 multiplied by 2 are arranged and evenly distributed along the annular guide groove 7; the top in the shell 1 is provided with a spray head type feeding distributor 2 with the diameter of 350.

The test is carried out by using clean water, and the feeding amount of the feeding pipe 6 is 100kg/h and 200kg/h respectively. Tests show that when the feeding amount is 100kg/h, the total flow of the draft tube 8 is 28-36kg/h, and the flow of each reaction tube is 1.15kg/h +/-0.1 kg/h; when the feeding amount is 200kg/h, the total flow of the draft tube 8 is 60-67kg/h, and the flow of each reaction tube is 2.3kg/h +/-0.15 kg/h. When no residual liquid reflux is set, the flow rates corresponding to the reaction tubes are respectively 1.7kg/h +/-0.2 kg/h and 3.3kg/h +/-0.5 kg/h.

The test result shows that the residual liquid flow rate is about 30% of the feeding amount under the structural design, so that the residual liquid scattered among the reaction tubes after distribution needs to be recycled to solve the problem of liquid phase distribution of the reactor.

Meanwhile, the test result shows that the flow of each reaction tube provided with residual liquid reflux is average and stable (the fluctuation range is +/-8 percent); when no residual liquid flows back, the flow fluctuation of each reaction tube is large (the fluctuation range is +/-15 percent). Namely, the embodiment of the utility model provides a shell and tube fixed bed reactor not only can carry out the residual liquid and retrieve in order to solve the liquid phase distribution problem, can also guarantee going on steadily of reaction, improves the reaction effect of reactor.

The above embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is defined by the claims. Various modifications and equivalents of the invention can be made by those skilled in the art within the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and equivalents should also be considered as falling within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a shell and tube fixed bed reactor, includes the casing and locates feed distributor, reaction tube bank, top tube plate and lower tube sheet in the casing, be equipped with feed inlet and discharge gate on the casing, the feed inlet pass through the inlet pipe with the access connection of feed distributor, go up the tube sheet with relative setting from top to bottom down of tube sheet and with the inner wall of casing is fixed, reaction tube bank locates go up the tube sheet with down between the tube sheet, reaction tube bank's discharge end with the discharge gate is connected, its characterized in that, be equipped with the guiding gutter on the last tube sheet, the guiding gutter is located reaction tube bank's the outside, the tank bottom of guiding gutter is equipped with the honeycomb duct, so that will guiding gutter and locating the remaining liquid house steward connection of the below of tube sheet down, be equipped with on the casing with the liquid return mouth of remaining liquid house steward connection.

2. The shell and tube fixed bed reactor of claim 1 wherein the baffle slots are annular grooves disposed around the reactor tube bundle.

3. The tubular fixed bed reactor of claim 1 wherein one end of the draft tube is connected to the bottom of the draft tube and the other end of the draft tube passes through the lower tube plate and is connected to the residual liquid header pipe.

4. The shell and tube fixed bed reactor of claim 3, wherein the draft tube is a plurality of draft tubes, and the plurality of draft tubes are uniformly distributed along the draft groove.

5. The tubular fixed bed reactor of claim 1 wherein the raffinate manifold is radial or annular in configuration.

6. The tubular fixed bed reactor of claim 1 wherein the feed distributor is a sparger, perforated tubular, trough, or combined distributor.

7. The tube type fixed bed reactor according to claim 1, wherein the discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the shell, and the liquid return port is arranged at a position on the side wall of the shell, which is close to the bottom.