CN213812249U

CN213812249U - Monitoring unit and monitoring device

Info

Publication number: CN213812249U
Application number: CN202023343679.4U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张国俊
Original assignee: Guoneng Mengxi Coal Chemical Co ltd; National Energy Group Coal Coking Co Ltd
Current assignee: Guoneng Mengxi Coal Chemical Co ltd; National Energy Group Coal Coking Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-12-31
Filing date: 2020-12-31
Publication date: 2021-07-27
Anticipated expiration: 2030-12-31

Abstract

The utility model relates to a settlement monitoring equipment technical field in collecting space area specifically relates to a monitoring unit and monitoring facilities. This monitoring unit includes serving mechanism, detection mechanism and meter, detection mechanism is including surveying main part and a plurality of detection claw, it inserts the drilling of locating the collecting space area to survey the main part, a plurality of detection claws articulate in the bottom of surveying the main part and can take place rotatoryly under the pressure effect of surveying the main part, so that survey the claw and can laminate deep stratum setting and subside along with the deep stratum is synchronous, and then drive the settlement of surveying the main part, serving mechanism includes the spool of the rope body and winding rope body, the both ends of the rope body are connected with the spool respectively with the detection main part, the spool is located the stratum of collecting space area and can release the rope body under the drive of surveying the main part, the meter can measure the release length of the rope body, in order to obtain the settlement distance in deep stratum. The detection claw of the monitoring unit can be attached to the deep stratum and subsides along with the deep stratum, so that the actual settlement distance of the deep stratum can be conveniently and accurately acquired.

Description

Monitoring unit and monitoring device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a settlement monitoring equipment technical field in collecting space area specifically relates to a monitoring unit and monitoring facilities.

Background

In the prevention and early warning work of collapse disasters of the goaf, the settlement monitoring of deep strata of the goaf is needed.

At present, a common settlement monitoring device comprises a monitor for monitoring the descending distance of a deep stratum, the monitor is placed in a drill hole of a goaf through a lower bearing tray, so that the monitor is disjointed with a rock-soil body of the deep stratum, the settling distance of the deep stratum is different from that of the lower bearing tray, the deviation between the settling distance obtained by the monitor and the actual settling distance of the deep stratum is caused, and the monitoring result is inaccurate.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In view of this, the utility model provides a monitoring unit and monitoring facilities to solve the problem of the actual settlement distance of the unable accurate deep stratum in monitoring collecting space area of settlement monitoring device among the prior art.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a monitoring unit for the settlement condition in the deep stratum of monitoring collecting space area, monitoring unit includes serving mechanism, detection mechanism and batch meter, detection mechanism is including surveying main part and a plurality of detection claw, it inserts and locates to survey the main part the drilling and the orientation in collecting space area deep stratum downwardly extending, it is a plurality of the detection claw articulate in the bottom of surveying the main part and can take place to rotate under the pressure effect of surveying the main part, so that the detection claw can laminate deep stratum sets up and along with deep stratum synchronous settlement, and then drive survey the main part and subside in step, serving mechanism includes the rope body and twine the spool of the rope body, the both ends of the rope body respectively with the spool with survey the main part is connected, the spool is located the ground top layer in collecting space area and set up to release under the drive of surveying the main part the monitoring main part drive the settlement of main part in step A rope, the meter being configured to be able to measure a release length of the rope to obtain a settling distance of the deep formation.

Optionally, a rotating hole is formed in the top of each detection claw, the detection main body comprises a hinge seat, the hinge seat comprises a plurality of rotating shafts, and the plurality of rotating shafts are respectively arranged along the extending direction of the plurality of sides of the regular polygon and are respectively and rotatably inserted into the plurality of rotating holes of the detection claws.

Optionally, the detection mechanism includes a chassis, the chassis includes a plurality of slideways, the bottom of each detection claw includes a sliding component, the plurality of detection claws are respectively assembled to the plurality of slideways through the sliding component, and the sliding component is configured to be able to move along the extending direction of the slideways and to be separated from the chassis.

Optionally, the monitoring unit includes a sleeve assembly fixedly inserted into the drill hole and extending downward, the detection main body includes a connecting shaft, the bottom of the connecting shaft is connected to the hinge base, and the sleeve assembly is sleeved outside the connecting shaft and can guide the connecting shaft to move up and down along the axial direction of the sleeve assembly.

Optionally, the sleeve assembly includes an inner tube and an outer tube, the outer tube is sleeved outside the inner tube at intervals, a gap between the outer tube and the inner tube is provided with a limiting structure, and the limiting structure is configured to limit the inner tube and the outer tube to be coaxially arranged.

Optionally, limit structure includes a plurality of spacing grooves and a plurality of gag lever post that the one-to-one set up, and is a plurality of the gag lever post is followed the circumference of outer tube distributes and set up in the internal perisporium of outer tube, and a plurality of gag lever posts are followed the circumference of inner tube distributes and connect in the inner tube, it is a plurality of keeping away from of gag lever post the one end joint of inner tube in the gag lever post.

Optionally, the limiting structure comprises four limiting rods distributed in a cross shape.

Optionally, each limiting rod is arranged to be a telescopic structure with adjustable length, so that the inner pipe can be adjusted to be coaxially arranged with the outer pipe.

Optionally, the sleeve assembly is vertically arranged, the monitoring unit includes a fixed pulley assembly arranged at an upper opening of the sleeve assembly, and a fixed pulley of the fixed pulley assembly is arranged to support the rope body and can guide the rope body to move up and down along an axial direction of the sleeve assembly.

The utility model discloses the second aspect provides a monitoring facilities, monitoring facilities includes central tower and a plurality of monitoring facilities, central tower can place on the top layer in collecting space area, and is a plurality of serving as reasons the serving as reasons winding mechanism the spool rotatably assembles central tower is a plurality of it inserts respectively and locates to survey the main part in drilling, it is a plurality of survey the claw is laminated a plurality of respectively drilling corresponds the deep stratum is and along with corresponding the synchronous settlement of deep stratum.

Through the technical scheme, the monitoring unit can send a plurality of detection claws of detection mechanism to the deep stratum via drilling through the rope body, and a plurality of detection claws can take place the rotation for detection mechanism's detection main part, make a plurality of detection claws can laminate the setting of deep stratum and subside along with the deep stratum is synchronous, guaranteed that the detection claw can remain unanimous throughout with the settlement distance of deep stratum, and monitor the rope body through the metering device along with the release length of detection claw, be convenient for accurately acquire the settlement distance of deep stratum, the structure is simpler, it is more convenient to operate, solve current settlement monitoring device and lead to the problem of the actual settlement distance of the deep stratum of unable accurate monitoring mining because of monitor and deep stratum disjointing in goaf, the settlement condition of the deep stratum in goaf provides accurate, effectual monitoring data.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a monitoring device provided by the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the monitoring unit of the monitoring device of FIG. 1, wherein the sleeve assembly, the detection mechanism, the cable and the fixed pulley assembly are shown in an assembled relationship;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of the monitoring unit of FIG. 2 at A, wherein the assembled relationship between the sleeve assembly, the cord and the fixed sheave assembly is clearly shown;

FIG. 4 is a top view of the monitoring unit shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the detection mechanism in the monitoring unit shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a probe jaw of the probe mechanism shown in FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is an exploded view of a spacing rod in the monitoring unit shown in FIG. 4;

fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a central tower of the monitoring device shown in fig. 1.

Description of the reference numerals

1. A central tower; 2. a fixed seat; 3. a fixed shaft; 4. sleeving a disc; 5. a buffer spring; 6. a meter; 7. a bushing assembly; 8. an inner tube; 9. an outer tube; 10. a limiting groove; 11. a fixed pulley; 12. a rope body; 13. a detection claw; 14. a slipping component; 15. a probe rod; 16. a rotating shaft; 17. a shovel foot; 18. a chassis; 19. a slideway; 20. a hinged seat; 21. a rotating shaft; 22. a connecting shaft; 23. a limiting rod; 24. a rod body; 25. a slider; 26. a screw hole; 27. mounting blocks; 28. a detection mechanism; 29. shoveling the noodles.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the description of the embodiments herein is for purposes of illustration and explanation only and is not intended to limit the invention.

The utility model provides a monitoring unit, as shown in fig. 1-8, for monitoring the settlement of the deep stratum of collecting space area, the monitoring unit includes the rope winding mechanism, detection mechanism 28 and meter 6, detection mechanism 28 includes detection main part and a plurality of detection claws 13, the detection main part is inserted in the drilling of collecting space area and extends downwards towards the deep stratum, a plurality of detection claws 13 hinge joint with the bottom of the detection main part and can rotate under the pressure of the detection main part, so that the detection claws 13 can be attached to the deep stratum and settle synchronously with the deep stratum, and then drive the detection main part to settle synchronously, the rope winding mechanism includes rope body 12 and the reel winding around rope body 12, the both ends of rope body 12 are connected with the reel and the detection main part respectively, the reel is located on the surface layer of the goaf and is set to be capable of releasing the rope body 12 under the driving of the detection main body, and the meter 6 is set to be capable of measuring the release length of the rope body 12, so that the settlement distance of the deep stratum is obtained. It should be noted that, the deep stratum of the general goaf is located below the surface layer, and a borehole needs to be drilled downwards in the surface layer to access the deep stratum; on this basis, the monitoring unit of this application can set up the batch meter on the earth's surface layer to in obtain the settlement data that the batch meter monitored. The meter can be in various forms as long as the moving distance of the rope body 12 can be measured; for example, a digital dial gauge or the like may be used.

Further, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, each of the top of the detection claw 13 has a rotating hole, the detection main body includes a hinge base 20, the hinge base 20 includes a plurality of rotating shafts 21, and the rotating shafts 21 are respectively arranged along the extending direction of a plurality of side lengths of regular polygon (for example, regular hexagon) and are respectively rotatably inserted in the rotating holes of the detection claws 13, so that the plurality of detection claws 13 can be spread outwards, the monitoring area of the detection mechanism is enlarged, and the monitoring unit can accurately monitor the actual settlement condition of the deep stratum. In which the hinge base 20 may be provided in various forms, for example, the hinge base 20 may be provided in a plate-shaped structure as shown in fig. 6.

Further, detection mechanism 28 includes chassis 18, chassis 18 includes a plurality of slides 19, every the bottom of detection claw 13 includes sliding component 14, and is a plurality of detection claw 13 passes through respectively sliding component 14 assembles to a plurality of slide 19, sliding component 14 sets up to following sliding component 19's extending direction removes and breaks away from chassis 18 is favorable to a plurality of detection claws 13 to expand fast under slide 19's guide effect fast to guaranteed that detection claw 13 is laminated on the deep stratum smoothly.

Wherein, the detection claw 13 can be provided in various forms, for example, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the detection claw 13 includes a detection rod 15, a rotation shaft 16 and a shovel foot 17, the top of the detection rod 15 has the above-mentioned rotation hole for assembling the rotation shaft 21, the bottom of the detection rod 15 has an opening, the rotation shaft 16 is arranged in parallel with the rotation shaft 21 and is rotatably inserted in the opening of the detection rod 15, the shovel foot 17 is fixed on the rotation shaft 16 and can rotate with the rotation shaft 16, the bottom of the shovel foot 17 includes a slider structure (for example, a slider, a pulley, or the like) which can be adapted to the slideway 19, so as to slide under the guiding action of the chassis 18 and slide to the deep stratum; further, the chassis 18 is configured as a disk, the plurality of slideways 19 are configured to extend outwards from the center of the disk in the radial direction of the disk, and the shovel surfaces 29 of the shovel feet 17 facing away from the center of the disk are configured to extend obliquely outwards from the top surfaces of the shovel feet 17 to form oblique shovel surfaces 29; during the use, because the ground body in the deep stratum of collecting space area is very broken, shovel foot 17 moves and breaks away from the disc along the extending direction of the slide 19 of disc to shovel foot 17 can stretch into the gap that the ground body in deep stratum formed smoothly through slope shovel surface 29, be favorable to detecting claw 13 and subside along with the deep stratum is synchronous during follow-up monitoring (promptly, detect the monitoring stage after claw 13 laminating deep stratum sets up), prevented that detecting claw 13 from breaking away from the deep stratum easily, thereby guaranteed that the monitoring unit can accurate monitoring deep stratum's actual settlement condition.

Further, as shown in fig. 2-4, the monitoring unit includes that the fixed casing assembly 7 that inserts and locate drilling and downwardly extending, the detection main part includes connecting axle 22, the bottom of connecting axle 22 connect in articulated seat 20, casing assembly 7 cover is established outside connecting axle 22 and can guide connecting axle 22 move up and down along the axial of casing assembly 7, promptly, the central axis of casing assembly coincides all the time with the central axis of connecting axle 22, is favorable to connecting axle 22 to deposit along the axial of casing assembly 7 with the deep stratum is synchronous all the time, has reduced the monitoring unit and has leaded to the release length of the rope body 12 to have the error because of the settlement direction of connecting axle 22 changes to the monitoring accuracy of monitoring unit has been improved.

Further, the sleeve assembly 7 includes an inner tube 8 and an outer tube 9, the outer tube 9 is sleeved outside the inner tube 8 with a gap, a position limiting structure is disposed at a gap between the outer tube 9 and the inner tube 8, and the position limiting structure is configured to limit the inner tube 8 and the outer tube 9 to be coaxially disposed, that is, a central axis of the inner tube 8 coincides with a central axis of the outer tube 9. Through setting up thimble assembly 7, outer tube 9 is fixed to be assembled in the drilling and set up through limit structure and inner tube 8 coaxial line, and inner tube 8 can inject connecting axle 22 along the axial extension of inner tube 8 for connecting axle 22 can be along the axial extension of drilling and remove, has guaranteed that connecting axle 22 can subside along the deep stratum along specific direction (promptly, the axial of drilling, that is, the axial of thimble assembly 7) during subsequent monitoring, thereby has improved the monitoring accuracy nature of monitoring unit.

Further, as shown in fig. 5, the limiting structure includes a plurality of limiting grooves 10 and a plurality of limiting rods 23 that are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner, the plurality of limiting grooves 10 are distributed along the circumferential direction of the outer tube 9 and are arranged on the inner circumferential wall of the outer tube 9, the plurality of limiting rods 23 are distributed along the circumferential direction of the inner tube 8 and are connected to the inner tube 8, and the plurality of limiting rods 23 are far away from the inner tube 8, and are clamped in the limiting grooves 10 at one end thereof, so that the structure is simpler, and the manufacturing and assembly are facilitated. Through setting up above-mentioned limit structure for coaxial line setting all the time between inner tube 8 and the outer tube 9 prevents connecting axle 22 because of inner tube 8 the slope appears in outer tube 9 and synchronous the slope, has avoided monitoring unit's rope body 12 to take place the slope because of connecting axle 22 and can't accurate along with connecting axle 22 synchronous settlement in follow-up monitoring period.

Furthermore, limit structure is including being four that cross distribution the gag lever post 23, simple structure is convenient for adjust the inner tube 8 and overlap in the outer tube 9 coaxially, and the operation is more convenient.

Furthermore, every gag lever post 23 sets up to length-adjustable's extending structure to adjust the inner tube 8 can with outer tube 9 sets up coaxially, is convenient for adjust the inner tube 8 and the coaxial setting of outer tube 9 of thimble assembly 7, has reduced thimble assembly 7's the assembly degree of difficulty.

The limiting rod 23 may be in various forms, for example, as shown in fig. 7, the limiting rod 23 includes a rod body 24, a mounting block 27 and a sliding block 25 adapted to the limiting groove 10, the sliding block 25 has a screw hole 26, the mounting block 27 is connected to the inner tube 8 and has a mounting groove, one end of the rod body 24 is rotatably inserted into the mounting groove, the other side of the rod body 24 has a screw thread and is screwed into the screw hole 26, and the structure is simple, so that the actual length of the limiting rod 23 can be adjusted; further, the rod body 24 may be a cylindrical rod, and the mounting groove may be a circular groove; in addition, the screw hole 26 of the slider 25 can be replaced by a mounting circular groove, and a nut is screwed on the rod body 24 and can move along the length direction of the rod body 24 and abut against the notch wall of the slider 25 in the mounting circular groove to adjust the actual length of the limiting rod 23.

Further, the sleeve assembly 7 is vertically arranged, as shown in fig. 2 to 4, the monitoring unit includes a fixed pulley assembly arranged at an upper opening of the sleeve assembly 7, a fixed pulley 11 of the fixed pulley assembly is arranged to support the rope body 12 and can guide the rope body 12 to move up and down along an axial direction of the sleeve assembly 7, and by arranging the fixed pulley 11, the rope body 12 can be directionally settled along with a deep stratum during subsequent monitoring, so that the monitoring accuracy of the monitoring unit is improved.

This application second aspect still provides a monitoring facilities, as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 8, monitoring facilities includes central tower 1 and a plurality of monitoring facilities, central tower 1 can place the ground top layer in collecting space area, and is a plurality of serving mechanism the spool rotatably assembles central tower 1, and is a plurality of the detection main part is inserted respectively and is located a plurality of in collecting space area in the drilling, it is a plurality of the laminating of detection claw 13 is a plurality of respectively drilling corresponds the deep stratum and along with corresponding the synchronous settlement of deep stratum. The goaf can be provided with a plurality of drill holes distributed at intervals along the circular extending direction so as to respectively assemble the sleeve pipe assemblies of a plurality of monitoring units, the central tower 1 can be arranged at the centers of the plurality of drill holes, namely at the center of the circle, and the distance between the drill holes and the central tower 1 is longer, namely the radius of the circle is larger, so that the central tower 1 and the detection mechanism are prevented from synchronously descending, and the distance error of the monitoring mechanism for monitoring settlement is reduced; further, the sleeve assemblies 7 of the plurality of monitoring units are equally spaced along the circumference of the circle.

According to the technical scheme, the monitoring equipment is provided with the monitoring units, the monitoring units can be attached to the deep stratum through the detection claws and can synchronously settle along with the deep stratum, the fact that the settlement distances of the detection claws and the deep stratum are always kept consistent is guaranteed, the metering gauge can accurately acquire the settlement distance of the deep stratum through the rope body, and the monitoring accuracy of the monitoring units is improved; on this basis, monitoring facilities can also be through the actual settlement speed of the different regions of a plurality of monitoring units monitoring deep stratum, is showing the monitoring area who has enlarged deep stratum, can master the whole settlement condition in deep stratum more omnidirectionally, is convenient for monitor the form of the whole slope in deep stratum, provides accurate, comprehensive, effectual monitoring data for the settlement condition in the deep stratum in collecting space area.

Wherein, the central tower 1 can be set to various forms, for example, the central tower 1 includes a buffer spring 5, a fixed base 2 and a fixed shaft 3 extending upwards from the fixed base 2, a sleeve 4 is movably sleeved on the fixed shaft 3 to assemble a plurality of reels, the buffer spring 5 is sleeved on the fixed shaft 3 and between the sleeve 4 and the fixed base 2, the buffer spring 5 is set to: can take place compression deformation under the pressure effect of set 4 to can resume partial compression deformation volume when fixing base 2 descends with the place top layer synchronization, in order to prevent set 4 from descending with fixing base 2 synchronization, cushioned the descending speed of set 4, reduced the distance error of monitoring settlement.

According to the utility model discloses a particular embodiment, monitoring facilities can monitor the actual settlement condition in the deep stratum in collecting space area, and is specific:

firstly, assembling monitoring equipment, specifically, a plurality of vertical downward drill holes need to be formed in the ground surface layer of a goaf, and a plurality of monitoring units are assembled in the plurality of drill holes respectively. The following illustrates the assembly process of a single monitoring mechanism: firstly, the detection mechanism 28 is sent into the drill hole through the rope body 12, and then the outer pipe 9 is inserted into the drill hole and sleeved outside the detection mechanism 28 and the rope body 12; then, the inner tube 8 is sleeved outside the connecting shaft 22 and the rope body 12 of the detection mechanism 28, and the inner diameter of the inner tube 8 is equal to the shaft diameter of the connecting shaft 22, so that the central axis of the connecting shaft 22 can be coincident with the central axis of the inner tube 8; subsequently, the actual lengths of the plurality of stopper rods 23 on the inner tube 8 are adjusted to abut against the stopper grooves 10, and adjusted until the central axis of the inner tube 8 coincides with the central axis of the outer tube 9; then, the connecting shaft 22 is pressed downwards continuously, so that the connecting shaft 22 can collide with the plurality of detection claws through the hinge seats 20 to rotate until the plurality of detection claws are separated from the chassis 18 and rotate to horizontally extend, and the shovel feet 17 of the detection claws are inserted into gaps formed by rock-soil bodies in the deep stratum; finally, the rope body connected with the metering gauge in series is fixed on the central tower platform 1 through a reel, and therefore the assembly operation of the monitoring unit is completed.

Secondly, during the follow-up monitoring of monitoring facilities, can acquire the settlement distance of deep stratum in different regions through the release length of the rope body 12 that the meter measurement of a plurality of monitoring units is measured, can master the whole settlement condition in deep stratum more all-roundly, and the form of the whole slope of the deep stratum of the monitoring of being convenient for provides accurate, comprehensive, effectual monitoring data for the settlement condition in the deep stratum in collecting space area. It should be noted that, in order to enable the connecting shaft 22 to move down along the inner tube 8 smoothly, the shaft diameter of the connecting shaft 22 may be set slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the inner tube 8.

The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In the technical idea scope of the present invention, it is possible to provide a solution of the present invention with a plurality of simple modifications to avoid unnecessary repetition, and the present invention is not described separately for various possible combinations. These simple variations and combinations should also be considered as disclosed in the present invention, all falling within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A monitoring unit is characterized by being used for monitoring the sedimentation condition of a deep stratum of a goaf, and comprising a rope coiling mechanism, a detection mechanism (28) and a meter (6), wherein the detection mechanism (28) comprises a detection main body and a plurality of detection claws (13), the detection main body is inserted into a drilling hole in the goaf and extends downwards towards the deep stratum, the detection claws (13) are hinged to the bottom of the detection main body and can rotate under the pressure action of the detection main body, so that the detection claws (13) can be attached to the deep stratum and synchronously sediment along with the deep stratum, and further the detection main body is driven to synchronously sediment, the rope coiling mechanism comprises a rope body (12) and a reel wound on the rope body (12), and two ends of the rope body (12) are respectively connected with the reel and the detection main body, the reel is located the ground top layer of collecting space area and set up to can release rope body (12) under the drive of detecting the main part, meter (6) set up to can measure the release length of rope body (12), thereby obtain the settlement distance in deep stratum.

2. The monitoring unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the top of each of the detection claws (13) has a rotation hole, the detection body comprises a hinge seat (20), the hinge seat (20) comprises a plurality of rotation shafts (21), and the plurality of rotation shafts (21) are respectively arranged along the extension direction of a plurality of side lengths of a regular polygon and are respectively rotatably inserted in the rotation holes of the plurality of detection claws (13).

3. The monitoring unit according to claim 2, characterized in that the detection mechanism (28) comprises a chassis (18), the chassis (18) comprising a plurality of slideways (19), the bottom of each detection claw (13) comprising a glide assembly (14), the plurality of detection claws (13) being fitted to the plurality of slideways (19) by means of the glide assemblies (14), respectively, the glide assemblies (14) being arranged so as to be movable in the extension direction of the slideways (19) and disengaged from the chassis (18).

4. The monitoring unit according to claim 3, characterized in that the monitoring unit comprises a sleeve assembly (7) fixedly inserted in the borehole and extending downward, the detection body comprises a connection shaft (22), the bottom of the connection shaft (22) is connected to the hinge seat (20), and the sleeve assembly (7) is sleeved on the connection shaft (22) and can guide the connection shaft (22) to move up and down along the axial direction of the sleeve assembly (7).

5. Monitoring unit according to claim 4, wherein the cannula assembly (7) comprises an inner tube (8) and an outer tube (9), the outer tube (9) being arranged around the inner tube (8) at a distance, a spacing being provided at the gap between the outer tube (9) and the inner tube (8), the spacing being arranged to define that the inner tube (8) and the outer tube (9) are arranged coaxially.

6. The monitoring unit according to claim 5, wherein the limiting structure comprises a plurality of limiting grooves (10) and a plurality of limiting rods (23) which are correspondingly arranged one by one, the plurality of limiting grooves (10) are distributed along the circumferential direction of the outer tube (9) and are arranged on the inner circumferential wall of the outer tube (9), the plurality of limiting rods (23) are distributed along the circumferential direction of the inner tube (8) and are connected to the inner tube (8), and one ends of the plurality of limiting rods (23) far away from the inner tube (8) are clamped in the limiting grooves (10).

7. The monitoring unit according to claim 6, wherein the limiting structure comprises four limiting rods (23) distributed in a cross shape.

8. The monitoring unit according to claim 7, characterized in that each of said stop rods (23) is provided as a telescopic structure with adjustable length to adjust the possibility of said inner tube (8) being arranged coaxially with said outer tube (9).

9. The monitoring unit according to any of claims 4-8, characterized in that the bushing assembly (7) is arranged vertically, the monitoring unit comprising a fixed pulley assembly arranged at the upper opening of the bushing assembly (7), the fixed pulley (11) of which is arranged to support the line body (12) and to be able to guide the line body (12) up and down in the axial direction of the bushing assembly (7).

10. A monitoring device, characterized in that, the monitoring device includes a central tower (1) and a plurality of monitoring devices of any claim 1-9, the central tower (1) can be placed on the surface of the goaf, the reel of the plurality of reel mechanisms is rotatably assembled to the central tower (1), the plurality of detection bodies are respectively inserted into the plurality of drill holes of the goaf, and the plurality of detection claws (13) are respectively attached to the deep stratum corresponding to the plurality of drill holes and synchronously subside along with the corresponding deep stratum.