CN2137837Y - Speed-regulating asynchronous motor of smooth and evasive starting and stoping with high starting torque - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a speed-regulating asynchronous motor capable of smooth and evasive starting and stopping with high starting torque, particularly a cage type speed-regulating asynchronous motor. The utility model solves the problems of load-starting, smooth speeding up, slowing down, speed regulation and equalized torque of the cage type asynchronous motor. The utility model is composed of a radial fixed stator, a radial fixed rotor, a radial corner stator, a radial corner rotor, a triangle-star switching circuit, an additional iron core, an angle modulating device and a pole changing winding. The utility model can be used for speed regulating mechanical devices which require high starting torque and uniform speed starting and stopping in industries of textiles, printing and dyeing, plastics, paper making, sugar manufacturing, elevators, electric cars, machine tools, metallurgy, mines, etc.

Description

Speed-regulating asynchronous motor of smooth and evasive starting and stoping with high starting torque

The design relates to phase modulation formula asynchronous motor with stepless speed regulating, especially high-performance speed-regulating asynchronous motor.

Present known asynchronous electric motor speed adjusting method has frequency modulation, tandem, slippage, phase modulation speed governing, but kind and performance also have gap.

The design's task is to propose a kind of asynchronous electric motor.

The design's task is finished with following technical proposals, by fixed stator, rotor and relative fixed stator and the corner stator of corner, rotor, the corresponding conductor of two rotors is connected mutually, and two same frequency electromotive forces responding in two rotor inline conductors carry out its resultant current vector of vector sum and change along with the phase angle difference between fixed stator and the corner stator.So ratio in the long-pending electromagnetic torque of rotor current and armature main flux also just change along with the corner of corner stator and the load torque balance after promptly obtain new rotating speed, this has just reached the purpose of speed governing;

Equally when the fixed rotor that is connect each conductor by flexible conductor and corner rotor relatively change an angle, also produce aforementioned same effect, reach the purpose of speed governing.

Fixing corresponding each (n11A and n21B mutually of winding and corner winding, n11B and n21C, n11C and n21A) forward series connection on C, D, E point respectively, each branch road is formed delta network then, can make two stator winding can when reduced-voltage starting and operation or low speed, be provided with low-voltage like this, the restriction starting current; Can make also that precision owing to machine work and assembling is not high to be caused that circuit parameter is asymmetric and be compensated; Between C, D, E point, insert switch (S1, S2, S3) or controllable silicon (T1, T2, T3) or variable resistor (R1, R2, R3).Along with the rising of rotating speed little by little converts delta network to the double star circuit, just rated voltage is added on each stator winding, so just can change the corner of the main flux value fit adjustment corner stator of each stator, can make the long-pending of main flux and rotor current under the rated current situation being not more than, obtain the purpose of the characteristic of the highest torque and slick and sly start-stop for maximum.

Can use switch (S1, S2, S3), the starting after the regular hour closes a switch earlier S1, after close S2 again through a period of time again, can increase starting torque and low starting current owing to the imbalance of circuit like this; Also can between C, D, E, insert controllable silicon (T1, T2, T3) respectively, at its b1, b2, the triggering signal of introducing integrated trigger or other trigger on the b3 end is controlled, and can make motor windings little by little be transformed into the double star circuit by delta network like this and make motor all have high torque and low electric current by low speed to high speed; Perhaps access variable resistance Ra, Rb, Rc make by delta network and little by little are converted to the double star circuit between C, D, E, just little by little changed the magnitude of voltage that is added on two stators, cooperation just can obtain the running status of high torque (HT) and low current to regulate the corner of corner stator.

Perhaps use feedback stator, the feedback rotor is operated in generating state, and by the same frequency electromotive force that the curl field of feedback rotor is responded in feedback stator, its energy falls by resistance consumption, also can improve the torque of motor and reduce heating; Perhaps make it a little more than line voltage, then can feed back on the electrical network of same frequency, reach the purpose of variable speed energy saving, make motor can work in lower-speed state chronically by the voltage of adjusting the feedback stator winding.

Adjusting angle mechanism is arranged, adjust corner stator corner, corner angle of rotor, the phase angle of mover can be manual, electronic, angle modulation again after slowing down.

The method step speed change that changes number of poles with current reversal is shown in figure (16,17,18,19), each phase winding is wanted reverse coil nm(A1, B1, C1 by electric current) and nonphase-inverting coil nm(A2, B2, C2) n=(1-10 wherein), m=11,21,4 utmost points are to be powered by terminal (1,2,3), power by terminal (4,5,6) during two-stage,, terminal (1,2,3) short circuit; In load of different nature, cooperate aforementioned two kinds of speed regulating methods can obtain the effect of high torque and slick and sly start-stop again with the step speed change method that changes number of poles.

With exchanging the method that two power supply terminal mutual alignments change phase sequence, change the rotation direction of motor.

Perhaps on power supply circuits 1101,1102, be connected to diode T4, T5, limit resistance R 1, the R2 of exciting curent, by sharp Current Control torque, make corner stator corner can set up multiple rotating speed one torque characteristics in wide scope, the time spent can be switch SW 2, the SW5 closure.

The order of foregoing circuit as shown in figure 15, became level circuit (151) triangle one star change-over circuit (152) before this, phase sequence exchange (153), rectification circuit (154), velometer (156), controller (155) can be by an optional circuit or several the circuit wherein of specific requirement in above several winding conversion lines.

Perhaps use and pass by rotor conductor, and the magnetic conductor that is not passed by the stator main flux, the eddy current that in magnetic conductor, causes of rotor current like this, produce loss, be equivalent in rotor circuit, go here and there resistance, improved starting torque, during near rated speed, because its medium frequency is very low,, can only employ as rising so loss is little of can be not significant.

The corner stator turn to the direction that will quicken with rotor on the contrary to reduce the resistance of corner, reduce its driving power, thereby increased the uniformity of speed governing, make the start-stop slyness, will be for the corner rotor to the rotation direction angle modulation, the phase modulation stator of linear electric motors also moves to the direction of motion.

The curl field phase place of fixed stator will make its curl field phase place that is ahead of the corner stator, and this is to get final product by making fixedly the winding coil limit be ahead of the corner stator winding on the rotor rotation direction, can reduce the temperature rise of corner stator like this.

Ventilation blower is arranged to reduce temperature rise.

Explanation about claim (2-5) is consistent with the explanation of each corresponding section in the claim 1.

The design also can be by stator, and the groove number of rotor punching is that multiple-grooved cooperates, and can reduce the shared electrical degree of each groove like this, can increase the sliding property in garden of speed governing, reduces pulsating nature, and then the sliding property in garden is best for slotless.

The design also can be: rotor is an oblique stator slot distance, bitrochanteric skewed slot direction unanimity, and the groove tilted direction is consistent with adjusting acceleration direction.This is in order to eliminate because the caused phase ripple of groove tooth makes the speed governing pulsation, to reach the sliding purpose in speed governing garden.

The design inserts electric capacity in stator winding, change its phase place, carries out speed governing.

The design also can be single-phase winding, can be three phase windings also, and effect is identical.

Owing to adopted such scheme: the warp-wise structure, reduced the axial length of motor, simple in structure, by later embodiment as can be known, the more full kind of having replenished this motor, owing to adopted above-mentioned winding connection method, can compensate automatically because the imbalance of the caused electromagnetic parameter of machining accuracy deviation; Can make rotating speed one torque characteristics variation with the conversion of triangle one star.

Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the design is described further:

Fig. 1: high starting torque radial speed-regulating asynchronous motor

Fig. 2: dish-type speed-regulating asynchronous motor.

Fig. 3: external rotor speed-regulating asynchronous motor.

Fig. 4: straight line speed-regulating asynchronous motor.

Fig. 5: both-end is supported corner stator speed-regulating asynchronous motor.

Fig. 6: straight line elevator speed-regulating asynchronous motor.

Fig. 7: the different motor of single-ended support corner stator speed governing.

Fig. 8: corner rotor speed regulation asynchronous motor.

Fig. 9: speed-regulating asynchronous motor.

Figure 10: the speed-regulating asynchronous motor that the feedback rotor is arranged.

Figure 11: DC circuit.

Figure 12: carry out the conversion of triangle one star circuit with switch.

Figure 13: carry out the conversion of triangle one star circuit with controllable silicon.

Figure 14: carry out the conversion of triangle a pair of star circuit with resistance.

Figure 15: the arrangement order of winding change-over circuit.

Figure 16: four utmost point winding diagrams.

Figure 17: four utmost point feeder ear subgraphs are n=(1-10 wherein), m=11,21.

Figure 18: the two poles of the earth winding diagram.

Figure 19: the two poles of the earth feeder ear subgraph.

Embodiment 1, warp-wise phase modulation asynchronous motor, Fig. 1, figure (11-15), figure (16-19).

1, by fixed stator (11), rotor (131), and long corner stator (12), rotor (132) makes rotor (131) can make the electromotive force amplitude unanimity of induction in the corresponding series conductor (133,134) than rotor (132) weak point; Make corner stator (12) corner by gyrator (173,174), can be manual, electronic, pneumatic, surge.

2, (this section is the common ground of embodiment, and be suitable equally to latter embodiment).Make n=embodiment number can obtain corresponding piece number.

In figure (11-16), make n=1 then obtain winding 111(A, B, C), 121(A, B, C) corresponding each phase (111A and 121B between, 111B and 121C, 111C and 121A) respectively at C, D, forward series connection on the E point, each branch road is connected into delta network then, at this moment rated voltage is added on the delta network, the conversion of triangle a pair of star circuit is by switch S 1, S2, S3, or trigger controllable silicon T1 with the KCO4 integrated circuit trigger, T2, the b1 of T3, b2, the b3 end, perhaps use variable resistor Ra, Rb, Rc carries out, last three kinds of methods can be chosen any one kind of them, to improve torque and to reduce electric current; Power supply circuits (1101), (1102) are connected to diode (T4, T5), and resistance (R1, R2) is fallen by switch SW 4, SW5 access or short circuit; Last four kinds of methods can be chosen any one kind of them;

Nm(A1, B1, the C1 of pole-changing circuit in figure (16-19)), nm(A2, B2, C2) in make m=11,21 become 111(A1, B1, C1), 121(A1, B1, C1), by terminal 1,2,3 power supplies is 4 grades, when changing, winding 111(A1, B1, C1,221(A1, B1, C1 by terminal 4,5,6 power supply terminals 1,2,3 short circuits) in current reversal just changed over the two poles of the earth winding; The arrangement order of above-mentioned various circuits becomes level (151) as shown in figure 15, triangle one double star conversion (152), rectification circuit (153), rotating (154).

The direction of rotation of the corner direction of corner stator (12) and rotor (132) is to increase the slyness of speed governing; Fixed stator (11) is ahead of the curl field phase place of corner stator (12) from the curl field phase place; High starting torque also can be to realize with magnetic conductor (14), with ventilation blower (19) forced heat radiation.

Embodiment 2: the dish-type speed-regulating asynchronous motor, see Fig. 2, figure (11-15), figure (16-19):

1, fixed stator (21), rotor (231), corner stator (22), rotor (232), bitrochanteric conductor (233,234) is in series; Regulate the corner that rotates stator (22) with recliner (273,274).

2, winding connection method is seen described in the embodiment 1 (2), makes n=2, m=11, and winding is (211,221) (A, B, C) among 21 figure (11-15), the winding among the figure (16-19) is (211(A1, B1, C1), 211(A1, B1, C1); Corner stator (22), rotor (232);

This motor has braking function, do not promote rotor (231,232) to the right by spring (26) when having electricity, brake(-holder) block (261,262) is compressed mutually, and fixed stator when electricity is arranged (21) is inhaled moving rotor (231,232) separates brake(-holder) block (261,262), and motor rotates; Ventilation blower (29) carries out forced heat radiation.

Embodiment 3, external rotor speed governing cage asynchronous motor is seen Fig. 3, figure (11-15), figure (16-19),

1, by fixed stator (31), rotor (331), corner stator (32), rotor (332), rotor conductor (333,334) is in series, and axle (372) does not rotate, and shell rotates, and recliner (373,374) drives corner stator (32) corner.

2, winding connection method is seen described in the embodiment 1 (2), here make n=3, the label of m=11,21 correspondences is winding (311,321), winding 311(A, B, C), 321(A, B, C) corresponding diagram (16,18) winding 311(A1, B1, C1), 321(A1, B1, C1) and, corner stator (32), rotor (332), fixed stator (31); Also can use magnetic conductor (34); There is ventilation blower (39) to dispel the heat.

Embodiment 4: the straight line speed-regulating asynchronous motor, see Fig. 4, figure (11-15), figure (16,18).

1, by mover (41), stator (431), phase shift mover (42), stator (432), the conductor (433,434) of stator (431,432) is in series; Recliner (473,474) makes phase shift mover (42) move with respect to mover (41), can be manual or electronic;

2, winding connection method is seen described in the embodiment 1 (2), make n=4, m=11,21, then the label in the corresponding diagram 4 is winding (411,421), winding 411(A, B, C among the figure (11-15)), 421(A, B, C), 411(A1, B1, C1 among the figure (16,18)), 421(A1, B1, C1).

3, the phase shift direction of phase shift mover (42) is consistent with mover (41) travel direction, and the phase place of mover (41) traveling-wave field is ahead of the phase place of phase shift mover (42) traveling-wave field.

Embodiment 5: both-end is supported corner stator speed-regulating asynchronous motor, sees Fig. 5, figure (11-15), figure (16,18).

1, by stator (51), rotor (531), corner stator (52) have two fulcrums can change certain angle on axle, and the corresponding conductor of rotor (531,532) (533,534) is in series, recliner (573,574) makes corner stator (52) corner can be with manual or electronic.

2, the connection of winding is seen described in the embodiment 1 (2), makes n=5, m=11,21 in figure (11-15) 511(A, B, C), 521(A, B, C), figure (16,18) 511(A1, B1, C1), 521(A1, B1, C1).

3, the direction of rotation of the corner of corner stator (52) and rotor (532); The coil side of fixed stator (51) is ahead of the coil side of corner stitch group (521) on the rotor rotation direction; Ventilation blower (59) carries out forced heat radiation.

Embodiment 6: straight line elevator speed-regulating asynchronous motor.See Fig. 6, figure (11-15), figure (16,18).

1, by mover (61), stator (631), phase shift mover (62), stator (632), the conductor (633,634) of stator (631,632) is series connection mutually, and electromotive force wherein carries out vector sum; Moving hornwork (673,674) and make phase shift mover (62) mobile with respect to mover (61), can be manual and electronic;

2, winding connection method sees that (2) are described in the embodiment 1, make n=6, m=11,21, corresponding diagram 6 windings 611,621 then, corresponding diagram (11-15) is winding 611(A, B, C), 621(A, B, C), figure (16-19), be winding 611(A1, B1, C1), winding 621(A1, B1, C1).

Embodiment 7: single-ended support corner stator speed-regulating asynchronous motor, see Fig. 7, figure (11-15), figure (16-19).

1, by fixed stator (71), rotor (731), corner stator (72) has a fulcrum K on axle, and its corner is unrestricted, and the conductor (733,734) of rotor (731,732) is in series; Making corner stator (72) corner by recliner (773,774), can be manual or electronic.

2, winding connection method is seen in the embodiment 1 and to be made n=7, m=11,21 described in (2), then winding is 711,721 among Fig. 7, winding 711(A, B, C among the figure (11-15)), 721(A, B, C), figure (16-19) winding 711(A1, B1, C1), 721(A1, B1, C1).

3, ventilation blower (79) forced heat radiation.

Embodiment 8, corner rotor speed regulation asynchronous motor, Fig. 8, figure (11-15), figure (16-19).

1: by stator (81), rotor (831), stator (82), corner rotor (832), connect with insulated flexible cord (835) between the corresponding conductor (833,834) of rotor (831,832), promote little axle (875) by recliner (873,874) and drive slide blocks (876) and make corner rotor (832) on the axle sleeve (877) with respect to rotor (831) and corner.

2, winding connection method is seen described in the embodiment 1 (2).Make n=8, winding (811,821) among m=11,21 Fig. 8, winding 811(A, B, C among the figure (11-15)), winding 811(A1, B1, C1 among the figure (16-19)), 821(A1, B1, C1).

3, ventilation blower (89) forced heat radiation.

Embodiment 9: speed-regulating asynchronous motor, see Fig. 9.Figure (11-15), figure (16-19).

1: by stator (91), rotor (931), corner stator (92), rotor (932), the conductor (933,934) of rotor (931,932) is series connection mutually; Making corner stator (92) corner by recliner (973,974), can be manual or electronic.

2, winding connection method sees that (2) are described in the embodiment 1, makes n=9, m=11,21, winding (911,921) among Fig. 9 then, winding 911(A, B, C among the figure (11-15)), 921(A, B, C), winding (A1, B1, C1) 921(A1, B1, C1 among the figure (16-19)).

3, ventilation blower (99) forced heat radiation.

Embodiment 10 has the speed-regulating asynchronous motor that feeds back rotor, sees Figure 10, figure (11-15), figure (16-19).

1, by fixed stator (101), rotor (1031), corner stator (102), rotor (1032), feedback stator (105), rotor (1033), form, rotor conductor (1033,1034,1035) is series connection mutually, and recliner (1073,1074) makes corner stator (102) corner, can be manual or electronic.

2, winding connection method is described in the embodiment 1 (2), makes n=10, winding 1011(A, B, the C of m=11,21 corresponding diagram (11-15)), 1021(A, B, C); Winding 1011(A1, B1, C1 among the figure (16-19)), 1021(A1, B1, C1).

3, feedback stator (105) electricity can consume on resistance, adjusts the number of turn of winding (1051) or can feed back to electrical network, forced draft fan (109) through transformation.

Claims (9)

1, asynchronous electric motor (hereinafter to be referred as motor), fixed stator (n1) is arranged, rotor (n31), it is characterized in that: having can be with respect to fixed stator (n1) and with the corner stator (n2) of Shaft angle, rotor (n32), rotor (n31, n32) conductor (n33, n34) series connection mutually, n=(1-7,9,10) wherein, or have can be with respect to fixed rotor (831) and link with insulated flexible cord (833) around between each corresponding conductor of corner rotor (the 832)=rotor (831,832) of Shaft angle; Fixing corresponding each (n11A and n21B mutually of winding (n11) and corner winding (n21), n11B and n21C, n11C and n21A) forward series connection on C, D, E point respectively, n=(1-10) wherein, each series arm is formed delta network, at C, D, E point to inserting switch (S1, S2, S3) or controllable silicon (T1, T2, T3) or variable resistor (Ra, Rb, Rc); Perhaps use feedback stator (105), feedback rotor (1033) or magnetic conductor (n4): n=(1-10); Perhaps rectification circuit is connected to diode (T4, T5) on (1101,1102), current-limiting resistance (R1, R2); Have recliner (n73, n74).

2, according to the motor described in the claim 1, it is characterized in that having corner stator (n2), wherein n=(1-8,10).

3, according to the motor described in the claim 1, it is characterized in that: fixedly corresponding (n11A and the n21B mutually of winding (n11) and corner winding (n21), n11B and n21C, n11C and n21A) forward series connection on C, D, E point respectively, top n=(1-10), each alternate delta network of forming then, and between node C, D, E, insert switch (S1, S2, S3) or controllable silicon (T1, T2, T3) or variable resistor (Ra, Rb, Rc) respectively.

According to the motor described in the claim 1, it is characterized in that 4, (n31 has on n32) by rotor conductor (n33 n34) passes, and the magnetic conductor (n4) that is not passed by the stator main flux, wherein n=(1-10) at rotor.

5, according to the motor described in the claim 1, it is characterized in that: feedback stator (105) is arranged, feedback rotor (1033).

6, according to the motor described in the claim 1, it is characterized in that: stator (n1, n2), the punching groove of rotor (n31, n32) are that multiple-grooved cooperates or are slotless, wherein n=(1-10).

7, according to the motor described in the claim 1, it is characterized in that: rotor (n31, n32), groove is the skewed slot of an oblique stator slot distance, bitrochanteric skewed slot direction unanimity, n=(1-10).

8, according to the motor described in the claim 1, it is characterized in that: insert capacitor in the winding (n11 or n21).

9,, it is characterized in that winding (n11, n22) can be a three-phase or single-phase according to the motor described in the claim 1.

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