CN213779697U - Confining pressure gradual change type rock-soil compression experimental equipment - Google Patents
Confining pressure gradual change type rock-soil compression experimental equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN213779697U CN213779697U CN202022828110.0U CN202022828110U CN213779697U CN 213779697 U CN213779697 U CN 213779697U CN 202022828110 U CN202022828110 U CN 202022828110U CN 213779697 U CN213779697 U CN 213779697U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a confined pressure gradual change formula ground compression experimental facilities belongs to ground detection technical field. The device comprises an upper base, a lower base, a pressure maintaining cylinder fixed between the lower base and the upper base, an elastic rubber cylinder fixed between the upper base and the lower base, and a loading plate, wherein a hydraulic cylinder is fixedly arranged on the upper base, the loading plate is fixedly connected with a push rod of the hydraulic cylinder, the loading plate is positioned at an opening at the upper end of the elastic rubber cylinder, a draining supporting seat fixed on the lower base is arranged at an opening at the lower end of the elastic rubber cylinder, the draining supporting seat comprises a draining partition plate and a permeable medium cavity, and the lower end of the permeable medium cavity is connected with a water outlet pipe. The utility model has the advantages of the detection environment is closer to site environment.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the ground detects, a confined pressure gradual change formula ground compression experimental facilities is related to.
Background
The triaxial compression test is an indoor test method for measuring the shear strength of a soil body, can strictly control the drainage condition, can simulate the characteristics of buildings and building foundations, and can determine the test method according to different construction requirements. Triaxial test is generally through remolded soil as the sample of preparation, have stress condition clear, advantage such as easy repetition, but current triaxial test is all neglected soil body confined pressure gradual change in the actual conditions, of course, current soil sample size is also very little, generally all at centimetre level (diameter and height are all at centimetre level), it is necessary to ignore the soil layer to the pressure effect earth pillar confined pressure difference this moment, but in fact, because under the different longitudinal depth, the pressure that receives in the earth pillar outside that detects is inconsistent, under general condition, the position of the soil sample that is close to the bottom more, outside pressure that it received is bigger, if soil heap structure, this kind of confined pressure change is more obvious.
If can increase the size of remolded soil to change the confined pressure and take into account, then can make experimental data more close to reality, the test process is more emulation, also reduces relatively the preparation requirement to the soil sample, disturbance factor in the operation process also can weaken.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at the above-mentioned problem that prior art exists, provide a confined pressure gradual change formula ground compression experimental facilities, the utility model discloses the technical problem that will solve is how to be through applying vertical gradual change formula confined pressure to the soil sample to improve the degree of accuracy of detected data.
The purpose of the utility model can be realized by the following technical proposal: the confining pressure gradual change type rock-soil compression experimental equipment is characterized by comprising an upper base, a lower base, a pressure maintaining cylinder fixed between the lower base and the upper base, an elastic rubber cylinder fixed between the upper base and the lower base, and a loading plate, wherein a hydraulic cylinder is fixedly arranged on the upper base, the loading plate is fixedly connected with a push rod of the hydraulic cylinder, the loading plate is positioned at an opening at the upper end of the elastic rubber cylinder, a draining supporting seat fixed on the lower base is arranged at an opening at the lower end of the elastic rubber cylinder, the draining supporting seat comprises a draining partition plate and a permeable medium cavity, and the lower end of the permeable medium cavity is connected with a water outlet pipe;
a gradual change supercharging device is arranged between the elastic rubber cylinder and the pressure maintaining cylinder, the gradual change supercharging device comprises a rotary drum which is rotatably connected on an upper base, a mounting frame which is rotatably connected on a lower base, a driven gear ring which is fixed at the outer edge of the mounting frame, a driving motor which is arranged on the lower base and a driving gear which is fixed on an output shaft of the driving motor, the driving gear is meshed with the driven gear ring, an annular air storage tank is arranged on the mounting frame, a closed buffer air cavity is formed between the air storage tank and the lower base, the buffer air cavity is connected with an air outlet end of an air pump, a plurality of ventilation support shafts which are circumferentially and uniformly distributed on the outer side of the elastic rubber cylinder are arranged between the mounting frame and the rotary drum, the upper end of each ventilation support shaft is sealed, the lower end of each ventilation support shaft is communicated with the buffer air cavity, and each ventilation support shaft is provided with an air injection groove which faces the axis of the elastic rubber cylinder, each air injection groove is distributed along the axial direction of the elastic rubber cylinder;
an exhaust pipe is arranged on the pressure maintaining cylinder, and a pressure limiting valve is arranged on the exhaust pipe.
Furthermore, a pressure regulating valve capable of regulating the air injection pressure of the air injection groove is arranged at the air inlet end of the air injection supporting shaft.
Further, the air injection pressure of the air injection groove is larger than the air pressure in the pressure maintaining cylinder.
Furthermore, a water pressure sensor is arranged in the permeable medium cavity.
Furthermore, a drainage pressure control valve is arranged on the water outlet pipe.
Controlling a loading plate to be positioned above an elastic rubber cylinder, filling sample soil into the elastic rubber cylinder to prepare a simulated soil column, moving the loading plate downwards until the loading plate abuts against the top of the simulated soil column, starting an air pump to pressurize the pressure maintaining cylinder to maintain the surrounding pressure of a foundation outside the elastic rubber cylinder, starting a driving motor to enable each ventilating support shaft to rotate around the elastic rubber cylinder at a constant speed, controlling the air injection pressure of an air injection groove on each ventilating support shaft, sequentially increasing the side pressure of the elastic rubber cylinder from top to bottom after the elastic rubber cylinder is subjected to the air injection pressure, and simultaneously controlling the loading plate to pressurize at a constant speed until the simulated soil column is damaged; and further obtaining data such as pore water pressure value in the water outlet pipe, applied pressure value of the loading plate when the simulated soil column is damaged, confining pressure values at different longitudinal positions of the elastic rubber tube, volume difference before and after the simulated soil column is applied with pressure and the like, so as to analyze the simulated soil sample.
The pressure limiting pressure of the pressure limiting valve can be adjusted to control the basic pressure value in the pressure maintaining cylinder.
The pressure regulating valve on each ventilation supporting shaft can be adjusted to control the gradual change amplitude of confining pressure borne by the simulated soil column.
The water discharge pressure control valve can be controlled to close or open the water outlet pipe or set the water discharge pressure.
The test method is characterized in that the elastic rubber tube is longitudinally divided into a plurality of layers, each layer is in a round cake shape, the thickness of a round cake-shaped soil sample is consistent with the longitudinal width of the air injection groove, the air injection grooves on the air injection support tubes are respectively responsible for a corresponding pathological soil sample layer, the constant-speed rotation process of the air injection support tubes is equivalent to that the outer side of the round cake-shaped soil sample layer is applied with confining pressure corresponding to the air injection pressure of the air injection grooves, the outer side pressure condition of the elastic rubber tube is gradually increased from top to bottom, the pressure applied to the outer side of the simulated soil sample is theoretically consistent with that applied to the outer side of the simulated soil sample in a buried state, namely when a certain longitudinal soil column of a building foundation is longitudinally loaded by a building, the extrusion force applied to the outer side of the soil column is gradually increased from top to bottom. In the scheme, the diameter of the elastic rubber cylinder is 0.6-3 meters, and the height of the elastic rubber cylinder is 0.8-5 meters, so that the detection of rock soil can be simulated on site in a laboratory, and more reliable reference data can be provided for building construction.
In addition, close each jet-propelled groove, be in constant pressure in making the pressurize section of thick bamboo, then this equipment is similar with current triaxial experimental facilities, and then can see out, and this equipment can carry out "when confining pressure" compression test to the ground, also can carry out "emulation confining pressure" compression test, and then can realize the contrast of data under two kinds of different test modes to better carry out the ground test.
In fact, "emulation confined pressure" compression test is equivalent to a plurality of "confined pressure" compression tests such as "go on simultaneously, but has certain difference with traditional" confined pressure "compression test such as" on the pore water pressure value, based on this equipment more hugs closely site environment in the experimentation, its precision, reliability are better.
The pressure intensity and the pressure rate of the loading plate can be adjusted according to the practical conditions of the size of the soil column, the characteristics of rock and soil and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the experimental facility for rock-soil compression.
Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken along the direction B-B in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 1.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the stress distribution of the simulated soil sample under the action of the gradual confining pressure.
In the figure, a simulated soil sample; 11. an upper base; 12. a lower base; 13. an exhaust pipe; 2. a pressure maintaining cylinder; 3. an elastic rubber tube; 4. a hydraulic cylinder; 41. a loading plate; 5. a draining supporting seat; 51. a draining partition plate; 52. a water permeable media cavity; 53. a water outlet pipe; 6. a rotating drum; 71. a mounting frame; 72. a driven gear ring; 73. a drive motor; 74. a drive gear; 75. a buffer air cavity; 8. an air pump; 91. a ventilating support shaft; 92. an air injection groove; 93. a pressure regulating valve.
Detailed Description
The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings are used to further describe the technical solution of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the device comprises an upper base 11, a lower base 12, a pressure maintaining cylinder 2 fixed between the lower base 12 and the upper base 11, an elastic rubber cylinder 3 fixed between the upper base 11 and the lower base 12, and a loading plate 41, wherein a hydraulic cylinder 4 is fixedly arranged on the upper base 11, the loading plate 41 is fixedly connected with a push rod of the hydraulic cylinder 4, the loading plate 41 is positioned at an upper opening of the elastic rubber cylinder 3, a draining support seat 5 fixed on the lower base 12 is arranged at a lower opening of the elastic rubber cylinder 3, the draining support seat 5 comprises a draining partition plate 51 and a permeable medium cavity 52, and a water outlet pipe 53 is connected to the lower end of the permeable medium cavity 52;
a gradual-change pressurizing device is arranged between the elastic rubber cylinder 3 and the pressure maintaining cylinder 2, the gradual-change pressurizing device comprises a rotary cylinder 6 which is rotatably connected on an upper base 11, a mounting frame 71 which is rotatably connected on a lower base 12, a driven gear ring 72 which is fixed at the outer edge of the mounting frame 71, a driving motor 73 which is arranged on the lower base 12, and a driving gear 74 which is fixed on the output shaft of the driving motor 73, the driving gear 74 is meshed with the driven gear ring 72, an annular air storage tank is arranged on the mounting frame 71, a closed buffer air cavity 75 is formed between the air storage tank and the lower base 12, the buffer air cavity 75 is connected with the air outlet end of an air pump 8, a plurality of ventilation support shafts 91 which are uniformly distributed at the outer side of the elastic rubber cylinder 3 in the circumferential direction are arranged between the mounting frame 71 and the rotary cylinder 6, the upper ends of the ventilation support shafts 91 are sealed, the lower ends of the ventilation support shafts 91 are communicated with the buffer air cavity 75, and air injection grooves 92 which face the axis of the elastic rubber cylinder 3 are arranged on the ventilation support shafts 91, the air injection grooves 92 are distributed along the axial direction of the elastic rubber tube 3;
an exhaust pipe 13 is arranged on the pressure-maintaining cylinder 2, and a pressure-limiting valve is arranged on the exhaust pipe 13.
The inlet end of the ventilation support shaft 91 is provided with a pressure regulating valve 93 which can regulate the air injection pressure of the air injection groove 92.
The air injection pressure of the air injection groove 92 is larger than the air pressure in the pressure retention cylinder 2.
A water pressure sensor is disposed within the permeable media chamber 52.
A drainage pressure control valve is arranged on the water outlet pipe 53.
Controlling the loading plate 41 to be positioned above the separated elastic rubber tube 3, filling sample soil into the elastic rubber tube 3 to manufacture a simulated soil column, moving the loading plate 41 downwards until the loading plate 41 abuts against the top of the simulated soil column, starting the air pump 8 to pressurize the pressure maintaining tube 2 to maintain the outer base confining pressure of the elastic rubber tube 3, starting the driving motor 73 to enable each ventilation supporting shaft 91 to rotate around the elastic rubber tube 3 at a constant speed, controlling the air injection pressure of an air injection groove 92 on each ventilation supporting shaft 91, and sequentially increasing the side pressure of the elastic rubber tube 3 from top to bottom after the elastic rubber tube 3 is subjected to the air injection pressure, as shown in fig. 4, and meanwhile controlling the loading plate 41 to pressurize at a constant speed until the simulated soil column is damaged; and further obtain the pore water pressure value in the water outlet pipe 53, the applied pressure value of the loading plate 41 when the simulated soil column is damaged, the confining pressure values of different longitudinal positions of the elastic rubber tube 3, the volume difference before and after the simulated soil column is applied, and the like, so as to analyze the simulated soil sample a.
The pressure limiting pressure of the pressure limiting valve can be adjusted to control the base pressure value in the pressure maintaining cylinder 2.
The pressure regulating valve 93 on each ventilation support shaft 91 can be adjusted to control the gradual change amplitude of confining pressure borne by the simulated soil column.
A drain pressure control valve may be controlled to close or open the outlet pipe 53 or set the drain pressure.
The test method is characterized in that the elastic rubber tube 3 is longitudinally divided into a plurality of layers, each layer is in a round cake shape, the thickness of a round cake-shaped soil sample is consistent with the longitudinal width of the air injection groove 92, the air injection grooves 92 on the air injection support tubes are respectively responsible for a corresponding pathological soil sample layer, when the air injection support tubes rotate at a constant speed, the air injection grooves 92 are equivalent to applying confining pressure corresponding to the air injection pressure of the air injection grooves 92 on the outer side of the round cake-shaped soil sample layer, so that the outer side pressure of the elastic rubber tube 3 is gradually increased from top to bottom, the pressure applied to the outer side of the simulated soil sample a is theoretically consistent with that applied to the outer side of the simulated soil sample a in a landfill state, namely, when a certain longitudinal soil column of a building foundation is subjected to longitudinal bearing of a building, the extrusion force applied to the outer side of the soil column is gradually increased from top to bottom. In the scheme, the diameter of the elastic rubber cylinder 3 is 0.6-3 meters, and the height is 0.8-5 meters, so that the detection of rock soil can be simulated on site in a laboratory, and more reliable reference data can be provided for building construction.
In addition, close each jet-propelled groove 92, be in constant pressure in making the section of thick bamboo 2 of protecting pressure, then this equipment is similar with current triaxial experimental apparatus, and then can see out, and this equipment can carry out "when enclosing pressure" compression test to ground, also can carry out "emulation enclosing pressure" compression test, and then can realize the contrast of data under two kinds of different experimental modes to better carry out the ground test.
In fact, "emulation confined pressure" compression test is equivalent to a plurality of "confined pressure" compression tests such as "go on simultaneously, but has certain difference with traditional" confined pressure "compression test such as" on the pore water pressure value, based on this equipment more hugs closely site environment in the experimentation, its precision, reliability are better.
The incomplete part can be kept consistent with the existing means, such as a draining medium, pore water side pressure and the like, and the pressing strength and the pressing speed of the loading plate 41 can be adjusted according to the practical conditions of the size of the soil column, the characteristics of rock and soil and the like.
The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications, additions and substitutions for the specific embodiments described herein may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention or exceeding the scope of the invention as defined in the accompanying claims.
Claims (5)
1. A confining pressure gradual change type rock and soil compression experimental device is characterized by comprising an upper base (11), a lower base (12), a pressure maintaining cylinder (2) fixed between the lower base (12) and the upper base (11), an elastic rubber cylinder (3) fixed between the upper base (11) and the lower base (12), and a loading plate (41), a hydraulic cylinder (4) is fixedly arranged on the upper base (11), the loading plate (41) is fixedly connected with a push rod of the hydraulic cylinder (4), the loading plate (41) is positioned at the opening at the upper end of the elastic rubber tube (3), a draining supporting seat (5) fixed on a lower base (12) is arranged at the opening at the lower end of the elastic rubber cylinder (3), the draining supporting seat (5) comprises a draining partition plate (51) and a water permeable medium cavity (52), and the lower end of the water permeable medium cavity (52) is connected with a water outlet pipe (53);
a gradual change supercharging device is arranged between the elastic rubber cylinder (3) and the pressure maintaining cylinder (2), the gradual change supercharging device comprises a rotary drum (6) rotatably connected on an upper base (11), a mounting frame (71) rotatably connected on a lower base (12), a driven gear ring (72) fixed at the outer edge of the mounting frame (71), a driving motor (73) arranged on the lower base (12), and a driving gear (74) fixed on an output shaft of the driving motor (73), the driving gear (74) is meshed with the driven gear ring (72), an annular air storage tank is arranged on the mounting frame (71), an airtight buffer air cavity (75) is formed between the air storage tank and the lower base (12), the buffer air cavity (75) is connected with an air outlet end of an air pump (8), and a plurality of ventilation support shafts (91) which are circumferentially and uniformly distributed on the outer side of the elastic rubber cylinder (3) are arranged between the mounting frame (71) and the rotary drum (6), the upper end of the ventilation support shaft (91) is sealed, the lower end of the ventilation support shaft (91) is communicated with the buffer air cavity (75), the ventilation support shaft (91) is provided with air injection grooves (92) facing to the axis of the elastic rubber tube (3), and the air injection grooves (92) are distributed along the axis direction of the elastic rubber tube (3);
an exhaust pipe (13) is arranged on the pressure maintaining cylinder (2), and a pressure limiting valve is arranged on the exhaust pipe (13).
2. The confining pressure gradual change type rock-soil compression experimental equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein a pressure regulating valve (93) capable of regulating the air injection pressure of the air injection groove (92) is arranged at the air inlet end of the air injection supporting shaft (91).
3. The confining pressure gradual change type rock-soil compression experimental equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein the air injection pressure of the air injection groove (92) is larger than the air pressure in the pressure maintaining cylinder (2).
4. The confining pressure gradual change type rock-soil compression experimental equipment as claimed in claim 2, wherein a water pressure sensor is arranged in the permeable medium cavity (52).
5. The confining pressure gradual change type rock and soil compression experimental facility as claimed in claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, characterized in that a water discharge pressure control valve is arranged on the water outlet pipe (53).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202022828110.0U CN213779697U (en) | 2020-11-30 | 2020-11-30 | Confining pressure gradual change type rock-soil compression experimental equipment |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202022828110.0U CN213779697U (en) | 2020-11-30 | 2020-11-30 | Confining pressure gradual change type rock-soil compression experimental equipment |
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| CN213779697U true CN213779697U (en) | 2021-07-23 |
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| CN202022828110.0U Active CN213779697U (en) | 2020-11-30 | 2020-11-30 | Confining pressure gradual change type rock-soil compression experimental equipment |
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