CN213754457U - Avionic device - Google Patents
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- CN213754457U CN213754457U CN202023136642.4U CN202023136642U CN213754457U CN 213754457 U CN213754457 U CN 213754457U CN 202023136642 U CN202023136642 U CN 202023136642U CN 213754457 U CN213754457 U CN 213754457U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to an avionics equipment belongs to aircraft technical field, has solved prior art transmitted power too single, the precision is poor, received signal dynamic range and the limited problem of bandwidth. The equipment comprises a transmitting branch and a receiving branch: the transmitting branch comprises a frequency source, an amplifier I, a modulator, a straight-through attenuation gating circuit I and a transmitting antenna which are connected in sequence; the receiving branch circuit comprises a receiving antenna, a second straight-through attenuation gating circuit, a gating filter circuit, a second amplifier and an AD converter which are connected in sequence. The utility model discloses a two kinds of emission pattern of big signal, small-signal to the receiving and dispatching scope of current avionics equipment has been widened.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an aircraft technical field especially relates to an avionics equipment.
Background
The avionic device is used as a core component of a modern airplane, has more functional requirements and higher survival and operational capacity, so that the structural design is more and more complex, the integration level is more and more high, and the complexity of external field test maintenance is increased.
In the existing avionic device, a fixed power level is output during emission, and an attenuator is required to be additionally arranged to obtain the power level required by an operator, so that the precision is not high, and additional equipment is added; there is no channel switch during reception, resulting in limited signal dynamic range and bandwidth.
In order to ensure the reliability and stability of the comprehensive avionic function of the modern airplane and reduce the requirements of an external field guarantee on personnel and equipment, a set of portable avionic equipment which is light in weight, small in size, high in precision and suitable for external field operation is developed particularly importantly.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of the foregoing analysis, the present invention is directed to an avionics device to solve the problems of the prior art, such as too single transmit power, poor accuracy, limited dynamic range and limited bandwidth of the received signal.
The purpose of the utility model is mainly realized through the following technical scheme:
the avionics device comprises a transmitting branch and a receiving branch:
the transmitting branch comprises a frequency source, an amplifier I, a modulator, a straight-through attenuation gating circuit I and a transmitting antenna which are connected in sequence;
the receiving branch comprises a receiving antenna, a second straight-through attenuation gating circuit, a gating filter circuit, a second amplifier and an AD converter which are connected in sequence.
The beneficial effects of the above scheme are as follows: the receiving and transmitting are integrated, the transmitting power is continuously adjustable, the high precision is realized, the large and small signal switching (the first straight-through attenuation gating circuit) can be realized, the receiving dynamic range is expanded (the second straight-through attenuation gating circuit) and the far and near mode switching can be realized. The device can be used for detecting the receiving sensitivity and the transmitting power of a system to be detected. The transmitting signal has larger program control depth and higher program control precision, and the receiving branch has larger dynamic range and wider frequency band for receiving.
Based on the further improvement of the scheme, the first straight-through attenuation gating circuit comprises a first two-way selection switch and a first attenuator; wherein,
the input end of the first two-way selection switch is connected with the output end of the modulator, one output end of the first two-way selection switch is directly connected with the transmitting antenna, and the other output end of the first two-way selection switch is connected with the transmitting antenna through the first attenuator.
The beneficial effects of the above further improved scheme are: the structure of the first pass-through attenuation gating circuit is limited, and the switching of output signals in a transmitting state can be realized. Specifically, when the signal is directly transmitted from the output end to the transmitting antenna, large signal transmission can be realized, and when the signal is transmitted from the other output end to the transmitting antenna through the attenuator I, small signal transmission can be realized.
Further, the second pass attenuation gating circuit comprises a second two-way selection switch and a second attenuator; wherein,
the input end of the two-way selection switch II is connected with the receiving antenna, one output end of the two-way selection switch II is directly connected with the input end of the gating filter circuit, and the other output end of the two-way selection switch II is connected with the input end of the gating filter circuit through the attenuator II.
The beneficial effects of the above further improved scheme are: the structure of the second pass-through attenuation gating circuit is limited, and the receiving of different signal power levels in a long-distance mode and a short-distance mode in a receiving state can be realized. Specifically, when the administrator selects the close-range receiving mode, the signal received from the antenna is transmitted to the AD converter through the second attenuator, the second gating filter circuit and the second amplifier, and the signal power is ensured to be within the sampling range of the AD converter. When the administrator selects the remote receiving mode, the signal received from the antenna is transmitted to the AD converter through the gating filter circuit and the amplifier II, and the signal power is ensured to be within the sampling range of the AD converter.
Further, the gating filter circuit comprises a third selection switch, a low-pass filter and a high-pass filter; wherein,
the input end of the two-way selection switch III is connected with two output ends of the straight-through attenuation gating circuit II, one output end of the two-way selection switch III is connected with the input end of the amplifier II through a low-pass filter, and the other output end of the two-way selection switch III is connected with the input end of the amplifier II through a high-pass filter.
The beneficial effects of the above further improved scheme are: the structure of the gate filter circuit is defined. By means of a low-pass filter and a high-pass filter, the received signal bandwidth can be increased.
Furthermore, the transmitting branch also comprises a power divider I, an amplifier III and a detector I; wherein,
the first power divider is arranged between the frequency source and the first amplifier, the input end of the first power divider is connected with the output end of the frequency source, one output end of the first power divider is connected with the input end of the first detector, and the other output end of the first power divider is connected with the input end of the first amplifier;
and the third amplifier is arranged between the modulator and the first through attenuation gating circuit, the input end of the third amplifier is connected with the output end of the modulator, and the output end of the third amplifier is connected with the input end of the first through attenuation gating circuit.
The beneficial effects of the above further improved scheme are: a first power divider, a third amplifier and a first detector are added on a transmitting branch, so that the detection of frequency source faults and the modulation of transmitting signals can be realized simultaneously.
Furthermore, the transmitting branch also comprises a coupler, a second wave detector and a programmable attenuator; wherein,
the coupler is arranged between the third amplifier and the first through attenuation gating circuit, the input end of the coupler is connected with the output end of the third amplifier, the coupling end of the coupler is connected with the input end of the second detector, and the coupling end of the coupler is connected with the input end of the first through attenuation gating circuit;
the programmable attenuator is arranged between the first straight-through attenuation gating circuit and the transmitting antenna, the input end of the programmable attenuator is connected with the output end of the first straight-through attenuation gating circuit, and the output end of the programmable attenuator is connected with the transmitting antenna.
The beneficial effects of the above further improved scheme are: the coupler, the second detector and the program-controlled attenuator are added on the transmitting branch, so that the fault detection of the transmitting channel can be realized, and the program-controlled precision of the transmitting power level can be ensured.
Further, the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna share one antenna; at the same time, the user can select the desired position,
the transmitting branch and the receiving branch share a circulator and an attenuator III; and,
in the transmitting branch, the output end of the programmable attenuator is connected with a transmitting antenna through a circulator and an attenuator III in sequence;
in the receiving branch, a receiving antenna is connected with the input end of the straight-through attenuation gating circuit II through the attenuator III and the circulator in sequence.
The beneficial effects of the above further improved scheme are: a circulator and an attenuator are added on the transmitting branch and the receiving branch, so that the transmitting and receiving are integrated, and the power level entering the receiving branch is improved.
Further, the transmitting branch further includes a second power divider, and the receiving branch further includes a mixer; wherein,
the second power divider is arranged between the first amplifier and the modulator, the input end of the second power divider is connected with the output end of the first amplifier, one output end of the second power divider is connected with the input end of the modulator, and the other output end of the second power divider is connected with the local oscillation signal input end of the frequency mixer;
the frequency mixer is arranged between the gating filter circuit and the second amplifier, the radio frequency signal input end of the frequency mixer is connected with the output end of the gating filter circuit, the local oscillator signal input end of the frequency mixer is connected with the other output end of the second power divider, and the intermediate frequency signal output end of the frequency mixer is connected with the input end of the second amplifier.
The beneficial effects of the above further improved scheme are: a second power divider is added on the transmitting branch, and meanwhile, a mixer is added on the receiving branch, so that a required local oscillator signal can be provided for down-conversion of the receiving branch, and a local oscillator does not need to be provided independently.
Furthermore, the receiving branch also comprises a first band-pass filter and a second band-pass filter; wherein,
the first band-pass filter is arranged between the second amplifier and the AD converter, the input end of the first band-pass filter is connected with the output end of the second amplifier, and the output end of the first band-pass filter is connected with the input end of the AD converter;
the second band-pass filter is arranged between the mixer and the second amplifier, the input end of the second band-pass filter is connected with the intermediate-frequency output end of the mixer, and the output end of the second band-pass filter is connected with the input end of the second amplifier.
The beneficial effects of the above further improved scheme are: a first band-pass filter and a second band-pass filter are added on the receiving branch to filter out-of-band frequencies, so that AD sampling is facilitated.
Further, the first amplifier is an amplifier with an amplification gain of 17dB, the second amplifier is an amplifier with an amplification gain of 20dB, and the third amplifier is an amplifier with an amplification gain of 15 dB;
the programmable attenuators are cascaded by two programmable attenuators of 31.5dB and 15.75 dB;
the coupler with coupling gain of-15 dB is selected as the coupler;
the first attenuator is a fixed attenuator with 45dB, and the second attenuator is a fixed attenuator with 25 dB.
The beneficial effects of the above further improved scheme are: through the arrangement, the transmitting signal with the power level of-100 dBm to-10 dBm can be generated, the power level signal with the power level of-25 dBm to +55dBm can be received, and the program control depth and the attenuation precision are effectively improved.
The utility model discloses in, can also make up each other between the above-mentioned each technical scheme to realize more preferred combination scheme. Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and drawings.
Drawings
The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating particular embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention, wherein like reference numerals are used to designate like parts throughout the drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the composition of an avionics device according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is the schematic view of the avionics device according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention, which is to be read in connection with the accompanying drawings, forms a part of this application, and together with the embodiments of the invention, serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit its scope.
Example 1
The utility model discloses a concrete embodiment discloses an avionics device, as shown in figure 1, including transmission branch road and receiving branch road two parts.
The transmitting branch comprises a frequency source, an amplifier I, a modulator, a straight-through attenuation gating circuit I and a transmitting antenna which are connected in sequence;
the receiving branch circuit comprises a receiving antenna, a second straight-through attenuation gating circuit, a gating filter circuit, a second amplifier and an AD converter which are connected in sequence.
When the frequency source is used, the frequency source generates an L-waveband radio-frequency signal, the L-waveband radio-frequency signal is amplified by the first amplifier and then modulated, and the modulated signal selects different paths through the first direct-connection attenuation gating circuit so as to realize the transmission of a large signal and a small signal. Specifically, when the first straight-through attenuation gating circuit works in a pass state, large signal emission is realized, and when the first straight-through attenuation gating circuit works in an attenuation state, small signal emission is realized, wherein-100 dBm to-55 dBm are small signal emission modes, and-55 dBm to-10 dBm are large signal emission modes.
Signals received by the receiving antenna are subjected to different paths through the attenuation gating circuit II to realize near-distance receiving or long-distance receiving, then a proper filtering mode, namely low-pass or high-pass, is selected through the gating filtering circuit, the filtered signals are amplified through the amplifier II and then output to the AD converter, and finally the signal power is ensured to be within the sampling range (-45dBm to +5dBm) of the AD converter.
Compared with the prior art, the avionic device provided by the embodiment integrates receiving and transmitting, the transmitting power is continuously adjustable, the avionic device is high in precision, large and small signal switching (a first straight-through attenuation gating circuit) can be realized, the receiving dynamic range is expanded (a second straight-through attenuation gating circuit), and near-far mode switching can be realized. The device can be used for detecting the receiving sensitivity and the transmitting power of a system to be detected. The transmitting signal has larger program control depth and higher program control precision, and the receiving branch has larger dynamic range and wider frequency band for receiving.
Example 2
The improvement is made on the basis of the device in the embodiment 1, and the modulator can be selected from a model NC 3533S.
Preferably, the first pass attenuation gating circuit comprises a first two-way selection switch and a first attenuator; the input end of the first two-way selection switch is connected with the output end of the modulator, one output end of the first two-way selection switch is directly connected with the transmitting antenna, and the other output end of the first two-way selection switch is connected with the transmitting antenna through the first attenuator.
Preferably, the second pass attenuation gating circuit comprises a second two-way selection switch and a second attenuator; the input end of the two-way selection switch II is connected with the receiving antenna, one output end of the two-way selection switch II is directly connected with the input end of the gating filter circuit, and the other output end of the two-way selection switch II is connected with the input end of the gating filter circuit through the attenuator II.
Preferably, the gating filter circuit comprises a third two-way selection switch, a low-pass filter and a high-pass filter; the input end of the two-way selection switch III is connected with the output end of the through attenuation gating circuit II, one output end of the two-way selection switch III is connected with the input end of the amplifier II through a low-pass filter, and the other output end of the two-way selection switch III is connected with the input end of the amplifier II through a high-pass filter.
Preferably, the transmitting branch further comprises a first power divider, a third amplifier and a first detector; the first power divider is arranged between the frequency source and the first amplifier, the input end of the first power divider is connected with the output end of the frequency source, one output end of the first power divider is connected with the input end of the first detector, and the other output end of the first power divider is connected with the input end of the first amplifier; and the third amplifier is arranged between the modulator and the first through attenuation gating circuit, the input end of the third amplifier is connected with the output end of the modulator, and the output end of the third amplifier is connected with the input end of the first through attenuation gating circuit.
Preferably, the transmitting branch further comprises a coupler, a second detector and a programmable attenuator; the coupler is arranged between the third amplifier and the first through attenuation gating circuit, the input end of the coupler is connected with the output end of the third amplifier, the coupling end of the coupler is connected with the input end of the second detector, and the coupling end of the coupler is connected with the input end of the first through attenuation gating circuit; the programmable attenuator is arranged between the first through attenuation gating circuit and the transmitting antenna, the input end of the programmable attenuator is connected with the output end of the first through attenuation gating circuit, and the output end of the programmable attenuator is connected with the transmitting antenna. The programmable attenuator is constructed by a 31.5dB HMC472ALP4E model cascaded with a 15.75dB HMC792ALP4E model.
Preferably, the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna share one antenna; meanwhile, the transmitting branch and the receiving branch share a circulator and an attenuator III; in the transmitting branch, the output end of the programmable attenuator is connected with a transmitting antenna through a circulator and an attenuator III in sequence; in the receiving branch, a receiving antenna is connected with the input end of the straight-through attenuation gating circuit II through an attenuator III and a circulator in sequence.
Preferably, the transmitting branch further includes a second power divider, and the receiving branch further includes a mixer; the second power divider is arranged between the first amplifier and the modulator, the input end of the second power divider is connected with the output end of the first amplifier, one output end of the second power divider is connected with the input end of the modulator, and the other output end of the second power divider is connected with the local oscillation signal input end of the frequency mixer; the frequency mixer is arranged between the gating filter circuit and the second amplifier, the radio frequency signal input end of the frequency mixer is connected with the output end of the gating filter circuit, the local oscillator signal input end of the frequency mixer is connected with the other output end of the second power divider, and the intermediate frequency signal output end of the frequency mixer is connected with the input end of the second amplifier. The circulator may be of HDZ9013X type.
Preferably, the receiving branch further comprises a first band-pass filter and a second band-pass filter; the first band-pass filter is arranged between the second amplifier and the AD converter, the input end of the first band-pass filter is connected with the output end of the second amplifier, and the output end of the first band-pass filter is connected with the input end of the AD converter; the second band-pass filter is arranged between the mixer and the second amplifier, the input end of the second band-pass filter is connected with the intermediate frequency output end of the mixer, and the output end of the second band-pass filter is connected with the input end of the second amplifier.
Preferably, the first amplifier is an amplifier with an amplification gain of 17dB, the second amplifier is an amplifier with an amplification gain of 20dB, and the third amplifier is an amplifier with an amplification gain of 15 dB; the programmable attenuators are cascaded by two programmable attenuators of 31.5dB and 15.75 dB; the coupler with coupling gain of-15 dB is selected as the coupler; the first attenuator is a fixed attenuator with 45dB, and the second attenuator is a fixed attenuator with 25 dB.
When the frequency detector is implemented, an administrator can check whether the frequency source is normal through the first detector and judge whether the transmitting branch is normal through the second detector.
The frequency source generates an L-band radio frequency signal of 0dBm, the L-band radio frequency signal is divided into two paths by the power divider, one path is sent to the input end of the detector I for being checked by an administrator, the other path is subjected to power division after being amplified by 17dB through a first-stage amplifier (amplifier I), the other path provides a local oscillation signal of 10dBm for the frequency conversion of the receiving branch, the other path is subjected to ASK (amplitude shift keying) and PSK (phase shift keying) modulation of the modulator and then is subjected to second-stage amplification (amplifier III) with 15dB gain, the amplified signal is sent to the detector II through a coupler coupling end of-15 dB in coupling degree for being detected by the administrator, the signal sent out from the coupler coupling end II is about 18dBm, and then different paths are selected through a straight-through attenuation gating circuit to realize the attenuation under large signals and small signals, as shown in figure 2.
When a large signal is output (the output end of the large signal ranges from minus 55dBm to minus 10dBm), the signal is switched to a straight-through channel without an attenuator through a switch, and output power is realized through two-stage programmable attenuators (31.5dB and 15.75dB programmable attenuators are cascaded) and a circulator and a 25dB fixed attenuator.
When a small signal is output (the output end of the small signal ranges from minus 100dBm to minus 55dBm), the signal is switched to an attenuation channel through a switch, the attenuation channel contains a first attenuator with attenuation of 45dB, and then output power is achieved through a two-stage programmable attenuator, a circulator and a fixed attenuator, namely attenuation of 25 dB.
When an administrator selects a near distance receiving mode, a signal (frequency FL-FH, power +15 dBm- +55dBm) received from an antenna enters a receiving channel through an attenuator III and a circulator with the attenuation amount of 25dB, at the moment, a switch is switched to the attenuation channel with the attenuation amount of 40dB, then a corresponding low-pass filter or high-pass filter is selected according to the signal frequency, the filtered signal is mixed with a local oscillation signal to obtain an intermediate frequency signal, the intermediate frequency signal is amplified through an amplifier II with the gain of 20dB, the amplified signal is filtered through an intermediate frequency filter (a band-pass filter I) and then is output to an AD converter, and the signal power is ensured to be within the sampling range (-45 dBm- +5dBm) of the AD converter.
The utility model discloses do not relate to any software aspect's improvement. The utility model discloses only need with each device that has corresponding function pass through the utility model discloses the connection relation that gives connect can, wherein do not relate to the improvement in the aspect of any program software. The connection mode between the hardware devices with the corresponding functions is realized by the prior art by those skilled in the art, and is not described in detail herein.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention should be covered by the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An avionics device, comprising a transmitting branch and a receiving branch:
the transmitting branch comprises a frequency source, an amplifier I, a modulator, a straight-through attenuation gating circuit I and a transmitting antenna which are connected in sequence;
the receiving branch comprises a receiving antenna, a second straight-through attenuation gating circuit, a gating filter circuit, a second amplifier and an AD converter which are connected in sequence.
2. The avionics device of claim 1, wherein the first pass attenuation gating circuit comprises a first two-way selector switch and a first attenuator; wherein,
the input end of the first two-way selection switch is connected with the output end of the modulator, one output end of the first two-way selection switch is directly connected with the transmitting antenna, and the other output end of the first two-way selection switch is connected with the transmitting antenna through the first attenuator.
3. The avionics device of claim 2, wherein the second pass attenuation gating circuit comprises a second two-way selector switch and a second attenuator; wherein,
the input end of the two-way selection switch II is connected with the receiving antenna, one output end of the two-way selection switch II is directly connected with the input end of the gating filter circuit, and the other output end of the two-way selection switch II is connected with the input end of the gating filter circuit through the attenuator II.
4. The avionics device of claim 3, wherein the gated filter circuit comprises a three-way selector switch, a low-pass filter and a high-pass filter; wherein,
the input end of the two-way selection switch III is connected with two output ends of the straight-through attenuation gating circuit II, one output end of the two-way selection switch III is connected with the input end of the amplifier II through a low-pass filter, and the other output end of the two-way selection switch III is connected with the input end of the amplifier II through a high-pass filter.
5. The avionics device of claim 4, wherein the transmit branch further comprises a first power divider, a third amplifier, a first detector; wherein,
the first power divider is arranged between the frequency source and the first amplifier, the input end of the first power divider is connected with the output end of the frequency source, one output end of the first power divider is connected with the input end of the first detector, and the other output end of the first power divider is connected with the input end of the first amplifier;
and the third amplifier is arranged between the modulator and the first through attenuation gating circuit, the input end of the third amplifier is connected with the output end of the modulator, and the output end of the third amplifier is connected with the input end of the first through attenuation gating circuit.
6. The avionics device of claim 5, wherein the transmit branch further comprises a coupler, a second geophone, a programmable attenuator; wherein,
the coupler is arranged between the third amplifier and the first through attenuation gating circuit, the input end of the coupler is connected with the output end of the third amplifier, the coupling end of the coupler is connected with the input end of the second detector, and the coupling end of the coupler is connected with the input end of the first through attenuation gating circuit;
the programmable attenuator is arranged between the first straight-through attenuation gating circuit and the transmitting antenna, the input end of the programmable attenuator is connected with the output end of the first straight-through attenuation gating circuit, and the output end of the programmable attenuator is connected with the transmitting antenna.
7. The avionics device of claim 6, wherein the transmit antenna and the receive antenna share a single antenna; at the same time, the user can select the desired position,
the transmitting branch and the receiving branch share a circulator and an attenuator III; and,
in the transmitting branch, the output end of the programmable attenuator is connected with a transmitting antenna through a circulator and an attenuator III in sequence;
in the receiving branch, a receiving antenna is connected with the input end of the straight-through attenuation gating circuit II through the attenuator III and the circulator in sequence.
8. The avionics device of claim 7, wherein the transmit branch further comprises a second power divider, and wherein the receive branch further comprises a mixer; wherein,
the second power divider is arranged between the first amplifier and the modulator, the input end of the second power divider is connected with the output end of the first amplifier, one output end of the second power divider is connected with the input end of the modulator, and the other output end of the second power divider is connected with the local oscillation signal input end of the frequency mixer;
the frequency mixer is arranged between the gating filter circuit and the second amplifier, the radio frequency signal input end of the frequency mixer is connected with the output end of the gating filter circuit, the local oscillator signal input end of the frequency mixer is connected with the other output end of the second power divider, and the intermediate frequency signal output end of the frequency mixer is connected with the input end of the second amplifier.
9. The avionics device of any of claims 1-2 and 4-8, wherein the receive branch further comprises a first band pass filter, a second band pass filter; wherein,
the first band-pass filter is arranged between the second amplifier and the AD converter, the input end of the first band-pass filter is connected with the output end of the second amplifier, and the output end of the first band-pass filter is connected with the input end of the AD converter;
the second band-pass filter is arranged between the mixer and the second amplifier, the input end of the second band-pass filter is connected with the intermediate-frequency output end of the mixer, and the output end of the second band-pass filter is connected with the input end of the second amplifier.
10. The avionics device of any one of claims 6-8, wherein the first amplifier is selected to have an amplification gain of 17dB, the second amplifier is selected to have an amplification gain of 20dB, and the third amplifier is selected to have an amplification gain of 15 dB;
the programmable attenuators are cascaded by two programmable attenuators of 31.5dB and 15.75 dB;
the coupler with coupling gain of-15 dB is selected as the coupler;
the first attenuator is a fixed attenuator with 45dB, and the second attenuator is a fixed attenuator with 25 dB.
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