CN213753053U

CN213753053U - V2X active vehicle antenna

Info

Publication number: CN213753053U
Application number: CN202023075736.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄尚森; 周新华; 黄均顺
Original assignee: Shenzhen Dingyao Science & Technologies Co ltd
Current assignee: Shenzhen Dingyao Science & Technologies Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-12-18
Filing date: 2020-12-18
Publication date: 2021-07-20
Anticipated expiration: 2030-12-18

Abstract

A V2X active vehicle-mounted antenna comprises a dipole antenna component and a low noise amplifier component, and due to the adoption of a parallel-feed dipole array form, the amplitude phase of dipole feeding has better consistency, the gain of the antenna is improved, and the antenna has excellent omnidirectional performance; because low noise amplifier can compensate the decay of signal at the rear end, integrate in an organic whole with antenna and low noise amplifier to set up low noise amplifier in the antenna bottom, antenna top or bottom are the minimum direction of antenna radiation, put the amplifier in the bottom and can reduce the influence of antenna to the circuit, and can amplify the received signal of antenna, realized antenna and active circuit's integration and miniaturization when guaranteeing the high gain performance of antenna.

Description

V2X active vehicle antenna

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of V2X vehicle networking wireless communication and antennas, in particular to a V2X active vehicle-mounted antenna.

Background

With the rapid development of scientific technology, the number of vehicles is rapidly increased, and the social problems caused by the rapid increase are increasingly highlighted, such as: frequent traffic safety accidents, low trip efficiency and the like. The internet of vehicles is produced along with the prominence of traffic problems and social demands. The internet of vehicles is a wireless communication system for realizing information exchange of environment objects outside the vehicles and is also a key technology for realizing traffic intellectualization.

The antenna is the front end of the wireless communication system, and the performance of the antenna directly affects the reliability of the whole wireless communication system. Nowadays, the requirement of the vehicle for the antenna tends to be integrated and miniaturized, and the appearance and the layout position of the antenna are more and more studied according to the attractiveness of the vehicle. Common on-vehicle class antenna is shark fin antenna and whip antenna, and the antenna sets up at the roof more, when not influencing the vehicle outward appearance, and the antenna can not receive too much sheltering from. However, corresponding problems are caused, due to the limitation of the antenna position, the distance from the antenna to the receiver is usually long, for the V2X frequency band, the V2X radio frequency signal works at 5.9GHz, the radio frequency cable is long, and under the condition that the connection line from the antenna to the back-end device is long, the high-frequency band signal is attenuated quickly, so how to reduce the attenuation of the signal is also one of the important factors for ensuring the stable operation of the communication system.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly solves the technical problem of providing a V2X active vehicle-mounted antenna which has high gain and good omnidirectional performance, can reduce the attenuation of signals and ensure the stability of a communication system.

According to a first aspect, there is provided in one embodiment a V2X active vehicle antenna, comprising:

the dipole antenna assembly comprises a metal band and a coaxial line which are positioned on an antenna medium substrate, the coaxial line is used for feeding the antenna, the feeding mode is parallel feeding, one end of the coaxial line is connected with the metal band, and the other end of the coaxial line is connected with a low-noise amplifier assembly;

the low noise amplifier assembly includes a low noise amplifier disposed at a bottom of the dipole antenna assembly.

In some embodiments, the metal strip includes a first parallel microstrip line and a plurality of first radiating arms led out from the first parallel microstrip line respectively located on one side of the dielectric substrate, and a second parallel microstrip line and a plurality of second radiating arms led out from the second parallel microstrip line on the other side; one end of the coaxial line is connected with the first parallel microstrip line or the second parallel microstrip line.

In some embodiments, the first radiating arms are all oriented in the same direction, the second radiating arms are all oriented in the same direction, and the first radiating arms are oriented in the opposite direction to the second radiating arms.

In some embodiments, the first and second radiating arms have a width of 1 to 2mm and a length of about 1/4 medium wavelengths of the operating band.

In some embodiments, the first radiating arm or the second radiating arm is printed on the dielectric substrate, or the first radiating arm and the second radiating arm are metal patches.

In some embodiments, the coaxial line comprises an outer conductor and an inner conductor, the outer conductor is connected with the first parallel microstrip line, and the inner conductor is connected with the second parallel microstrip line; or, the outer conductor is connected with the second parallel microstrip line, and the inner conductor is connected with the first parallel microstrip line.

In some embodiments, the low noise amplifier assembly further comprises: and the radio frequency coaxial line is connected with the coaxial line of the antenna, forms a common ground with the low noise amplifier and is used for forming antenna direct current protection.

In some embodiments, the signal output terminal of the low noise amplifier is commonly connected to the power input terminal, and the power input terminal is provided with an ESD module, which is configured to process a power supply.

In some embodiments, the ESD module is protected from electrostatic discharge by a TVS tube.

In some embodiments, the number of the first radiating arms and the number of the second radiating arms are 4, which are used to form a dipole array.

According to the V2X active vehicle-mounted antenna of the embodiment, a parallel-feed dipole array form is adopted, so that the amplitude phase of dipole feeding has better consistency, the gain of the antenna is improved, and the antenna has excellent omnidirectional performance; because the low-noise amplifier can compensate the attenuation of signals at the rear end, the antenna and the low-noise amplifier are integrated into a whole, and the low-noise amplifier is arranged at the bottom of the antenna, so that the received signals of the antenna can be amplified, and the integration and miniaturization of the antenna and an active circuit are realized while the high-gain performance of the antenna is ensured.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a V2X active antenna according to an embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a front view of one embodiment of a V2X active antenna;

FIG. 3 is a rear view of one embodiment of a V2X active antenna;

FIG. 4 is a side view of an embodiment of a V2X active antenna;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a V2X active antenna;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a V2X active antenna;

fig. 7 is a schematic block diagram of a low noise amplifier of a V2X active antenna.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following detailed description and accompanying drawings. Wherein like elements in different embodiments are numbered with like associated elements. In the following description, numerous details are set forth in order to provide a better understanding of the present application. However, those skilled in the art will readily recognize that some of the features may be omitted or replaced with other elements, materials, methods in different instances. In some instances, certain operations related to the present application have not been shown or described in detail in order to avoid obscuring the core of the present application from excessive description, and it is not necessary for those skilled in the art to describe these operations in detail, so that they may be fully understood from the description in the specification and the general knowledge in the art.

Furthermore, the features, operations, or characteristics described in the specification may be combined in any suitable manner to form various embodiments. Also, the various steps or actions in the method descriptions may be transposed or transposed in order, as will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art. Thus, the various sequences in the specification and drawings are for the purpose of describing certain embodiments only and are not intended to imply a required sequence unless otherwise indicated where such sequence must be followed.

The numbering of the components as such, e.g., "first", "second", etc., is used herein only to distinguish the objects as described, and does not have any sequential or technical meaning. The term "connected" and "coupled" when used in this application, unless otherwise indicated, includes both direct and indirect connections (couplings).

Analysis shows that the existing vehicle-mounted omnidirectional antenna mostly uses a monopole antenna, and the omnidirectional performance is poor. Moreover, for the long V2X band rf cable, the high band signal will be attenuated quickly when the connection line from the antenna to the back end device is long.

In the embodiment of the invention, a parallel feeding dipole array form is adopted, the dipole antennas are easier to form an array in the vertical plane direction compared with the former, the gain of the antennas can be improved after the array of the antennas is formed, meanwhile, a dipole directional diagram is not easy to be influenced by a bottom plate, and the omnidirectional performance is better. The low noise amplifier can compensate the attenuation of signal at the rear end, because the low noise amplifier can compensate the attenuation of signal at the rear end, integrate antenna and low noise amplifier in an organic whole to set up low noise amplifier in the antenna bottom, can amplify the received signal of antenna, realized integrating and the miniaturization of antenna and active circuit when guaranteeing the high gain performance of antenna.

Referring to fig. 1 to 4, in the present embodiment, a V2X active vehicle antenna is provided, which includes a dipole antenna assembly and a low noise amplifier assembly.

In this embodiment, the dipole antenna assembly includes a metal strap and a coaxial line 2 on an antenna dielectric substrate 1, the coaxial line 2 is used for feeding the antenna, the feeding mode is parallel feeding, one end of the coaxial line 2 is connected with the metal strap, and the other end is connected with a low noise amplifier assembly 3.

In this embodiment, the feeding position where the first antenna of the coaxial line feeds is set at the center, and the feeding position is set at the middle position, so that the amplitude and phase of the feeding of each dipole unit are more consistent, thereby ensuring that the radiation direction of the antenna is in the horizontal plane direction, and simultaneously ensuring that the out-of-roundness of the horizontal plane directional diagram of the antenna is better.

In this embodiment, the dielectric substrate 1 has a front surface and a back surface, the metal strip includes a first parallel microstrip line 11 and a plurality of first radiating arms 13 led out from the first parallel microstrip line 11 respectively located on one surface of the dielectric substrate 1, and a second parallel microstrip line 12 and a plurality of second radiating arms 14 led out from the second parallel microstrip line 12 on the other surface, and the first parallel microstrip line 11 and the second parallel microstrip line 12 are connected to one end of the coaxial line 2.

In this embodiment, the directions of the first radiating arms 13 are uniform, for example, all downward or all upward; the orientation of the plurality of second radiating arms 14 is uniform, e.g. all facing downwards or all facing upwards, it is noted that the orientation of the first radiating arm 13 is opposite to the orientation of the second radiating arm 14, so that when the orientation of the first radiating arm 13 is all facing upwards, the orientation of the second radiating arm 14 is all facing downwards.

In this embodiment, the width of the first radiation arm 13 and the second radiation arm 14 is 1 to 2mm, and the length is about 1/4 medium wavelengths of the working frequency band.

In this embodiment, the number of the first radiating arms 13 and the number of the second radiating arms 14 are 4, which are used to form a dipole array.

It should be noted that the coaxial line is understood as a coaxial cable, and the structure thereof includes, from outside to inside, a sheath, an outer conductor (shielding layer), an insulating medium, and an inner conductor 4. The outer conductor of the coaxial cable has double functions, and can be used as a lead of a transmission loop to transmit low level and has the function of shielding.

In this embodiment, the coaxial line 2 includes an outer conductor and an inner conductor, the outer conductor can be connected with the first parallel microstrip line 11, and the inner conductor is connected with the second parallel microstrip line 12; alternatively, the outer conductor may be connected to the second parallel microstrip line 12, and the inner conductor may be connected to the first parallel microstrip line 11.

In this embodiment, the first radiation arm 13 and the second radiation arm 14 may be printed on the dielectric substrate 1 by printing. The first radiation arm 13 and the second radiation arm 14 in fig. 2 and 3 can be referred to in combination, and the first radiation arm 13 and the second radiation arm 14 are directly printed into a required shape and structure when being printed.

In some embodiments, the first radiating arm 13 and the second radiating arm 14 may be metal patches, and refer to fig. 5 and 6 in combination, when they are metal patches, the metal patches are double-sided metal patches, and the dielectric substrate 1 has metal through holes thereon, and the double-sided metal patches are connected through the metal through holes penetrating through the dielectric substrate 1. The first parallel microstrip line 11 is connected with a plurality of metal patches which are all downward or all upward, and the group of metal patches is a first radiating arm; the second parallel microstrip line 12 is connected to a plurality of metal patches all facing upward or all facing downward (the directions of the first radiating arm and the second radiating arm are opposite), and the group of metal patches is the second radiating arm.

In this embodiment, the low noise amplifier assembly 3 includes a low noise amplifier disposed at the bottom of the dipole antenna assembly. The low noise amplifier assembly further comprises: the radio frequency coaxial line is connected with the coaxial line 2 of the antenna, so that the radio frequency coaxial line can be directly connected into the antenna through signals, received signals of the antenna can be amplified, and high gain performance of the antenna is guaranteed.

In this embodiment, the radio frequency coaxial line and the low noise amplifier form a common ground, and specifically, the radio frequency coaxial line and the circuit board of the low noise amplifier form a common ground, which can effectively form a dc protection of the antenna.

Fig. 7 is a schematic block diagram of the low noise amplifier provided in this embodiment, please refer to fig. 7, where a signal output end of the low noise amplifier is commonly connected to a power input end, and the power input end is provided with an ESD design and power processing module, and the design of the common port of the signal output end and the power input end can be specifically realized by electrical characteristics of a capacitor connected to an alternating current resistor and an inductor connected to a direct current resistor.

In this embodiment, the ESD module needs to implement an ESD protection function through the TVS tube.

The V2X active vehicle antenna provided in this embodiment is based on the simulation result obtained by the commercial simulation software HFSS — 15.0, the maximum omnidirectional gain of the antenna is 4.57dBi, and the out-of-roundness of the horizontal plane is 0.63dB, and the simulation result shows that the V2X active vehicle antenna in this embodiment has higher omnidirectional gain and excellent omnidirectional performance.

In the embodiment, a shunt-feed dipole array form is adopted, so that the amplitude phase of dipole feeding has better consistency, the antenna gain is improved, and the antenna has excellent omnidirectional performance; low noise amplifier can amplify antenna received signal, because the V2X frequency channel reaches 5.9GHz and belongs to the high frequency channel, and the high frequency channel signal attenuates at the radio frequency cable more easily, low noise amplifier can compensate the decay of signal at the rear end, integrate in an organic whole with antenna and low noise amplifier, and set up low noise amplifier in the antenna bottom, antenna top or bottom are the minimum direction of antenna radiation, put the amplifier and can reduce the influence of antenna to the circuit in the bottom, and the received signal of antenna can be amplified, the integration and the miniaturization of antenna with active circuit have been realized when guaranteeing the antenna high gain performance.

The present invention has been described in terms of specific examples, which are provided to aid understanding of the invention and are not intended to be limiting. For a person skilled in the art to which the invention pertains, several simple deductions, modifications or substitutions may be made according to the idea of the invention.

Claims

1. A V2X active vehicle antenna, comprising:

2. The V2X active vehicle antenna of claim 1, wherein the metal strip comprises a first parallel microstrip and a plurality of first radiating arms led out from the first parallel microstrip on one side of a dielectric substrate, and a second parallel microstrip and a plurality of second radiating arms led out from the second parallel microstrip on the other side; one end of the coaxial line is connected with the first parallel microstrip line or the second parallel microstrip line.

3. The V2X active vehicle antenna of claim 2, wherein the first radiating arms are all oriented in the same direction, the second radiating arms are all oriented in the same direction, and the first radiating arms are oriented in an opposite direction to the second radiating arms.

4. The V2X active vehicle antenna of claim 2, wherein the first radiating arm and the second radiating arm have a width of 1 to 2mm and a length of 1/4 medium wavelengths of an operating band.

5. The V2X active vehicle antenna of claim 2, wherein the first radiating arm or the second radiating arm is printed on the dielectric substrate, or wherein the first radiating arm and the second radiating arm are metal patches.

6. The V2X active vehicle antenna of claim 2, wherein the coaxial line includes an outer conductor connected to the first parallel microstrip line and an inner conductor connected to the second parallel microstrip line; or, the outer conductor is connected with the second parallel microstrip line, and the inner conductor is connected with the first parallel microstrip line.

7. The V2X active vehicle antenna of claim 1, wherein the low noise amplifier assembly further comprises: and the radio frequency coaxial line is connected with the coaxial line of the antenna, forms a common ground with the low noise amplifier and is used for forming antenna direct current protection.

8. The V2X active vehicle antenna of claim 1, wherein the low noise amplifier has a signal output that is common to a power input, and wherein the power input has an ESD module for processing power.

9. The V2X active vehicle antenna of claim 8, wherein the function of the ESD module is implemented by a TVS tube.

10. The V2X active vehicle antenna of claim 2, wherein the number of the first radiating arms and the second radiating arms is 4 sections each for forming a dipole array.