CN213752821U

CN213752821U - Power supply and heating system

Info

Publication number: CN213752821U
Application number: CN202021776798.6U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄伟鹏; 亓海明
Original assignee: Xiamen Haichen New Energy Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Xiamen Hithium Energy Storage Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-08-24
Filing date: 2020-08-24
Publication date: 2021-07-20
Anticipated expiration: 2030-08-24

Abstract

A power supply and a heating system belong to the field of power batteries. The heating system comprises a super capacitor, a heater and a switch. The super capacitor is used for supplying starting power to the primary battery in the battery to be heated through the heater, and then the secondary power supply supplies power to other batteries to be heated through the heater. The rest batteries are used for supplying power to the super capacitor and then transmitting the power to the secondary power supply, so that the state of charge of all the batteries is balanced. The heating system provided by the application utilizes the super capacitor and the battery to provide electric energy for heating, and does not need an additional power supply device, so that the system can be simplified.

Description

Power supply and heating system

Technical Field

The application relates to the field of power batteries, in particular to a power supply and a heating system.

Background

Power cells are used in cold seasons or regions, which typically require preheating.

Currently, the power battery is generally preheated by using an additional auxiliary battery to provide electric energy. However, such a solution leads to a complicated structure of the heating system, which also makes the structure of the battery system more complicated and decreases the stability.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to improve, even solve the problem that the battery preheating system is complicated in the prior art, the application provides a power supply and a heating system.

The application is realized as follows:

in a first aspect, examples of the present application provide a heating system for preheating a power cell. The power battery comprises a starting battery pack, a heating battery pack and an electric quantity balancing battery pack.

The heating system includes: super capacitor, heater and switch.

Wherein the heater has a primary heat plate and a plurality of rear heat plates. The primary heating plate is attached to the starting battery pack and is powered by the super capacitor to generate heat. The plurality of rear heat plates are respectively attached to the heating battery packs and the electric quantity balancing battery packs in a one-to-one correspondence mode and are powered by the heating battery packs to generate heat.

The switch has a start switch, a subsequent switch, a charge switch and an equalizing switch which are independent of each other. The rear hot plates are connected with a subsequent switch and reserve subsequent connecting terminals for connecting with the heating battery pack; the super capacitor is connected with the charging switch and is reserved with a charging connecting terminal for connecting the battery with the electric quantity balancing group; and the super capacitor is connected with the equalization switch and is reserved with an equalization connecting terminal for being connected with the heating battery pack.

The heating system in the application example utilizes a super capacitor and a part of batteries in the power batteries to supply power so as to complete heating of each battery. Therefore, the heating system can avoid an auxiliary battery which is additionally configured to provide electric energy to heat each battery. In addition, with the heating system in the example of the present application, the super capacitor is used as a "transfer station" to transfer the electric quantity of the battery (quantity equalization battery pack) which does not consume the electric energy for heating operation to the battery (starting battery pack, heating battery pack) which consumes the electric energy for heating operation, thereby achieving the SOC balance of each battery in the power battery. This preheating mode can realize heating step by step through electric capacity and electric core, can also realize realizing the heating of relatively more balanced each battery in the power battery, and the temperature difference between each battery after the heating is littleer promptly.

According to one example of the present application, the heating system includes a plurality of temperature sensors respectively corresponding to contact with the starting battery pack, the heating battery pack, and the charge equalization battery pack to measure the temperature.

According to an example of the application, the heating system comprises a circuit board, and the super capacitor, the switch and the plurality of temperature sensors are respectively connected with the circuit board.

The circuit board is used for connecting all the electrical devices, so that the integration level of the heating system is improved, and the occupied space is reduced.

According to an example of the application, the area of the heating surface of the primary hot plate is smaller than the area of the heating surface of each of the rear hot plates.

The heating area of the primary heating plate and the heating area of the secondary heating plate are correspondingly set according to different electric energy sources, so that the electric energy utilization rate is improved, and a proper heating effect is achieved for the battery.

According to one example of the present application, the primary and rear heat plates each include a film material and a resistance wire embedded in the film material.

The primary heating plate and the rear heating plate are constructed by the membrane material and the resistance wires, so that the space occupation can be reduced to a certain extent. Meanwhile, the substrate is a membrane material, so the power battery can be arranged according to the shape of the power battery to a certain extent, and the use flexibility is improved.

In a second aspect, examples of the present application provide a power supply system. The power supply system has a power battery constituted by at least three single cells. Moreover, the power supply system also comprises the heating system, and a heater in the heating system is in heat conduction contact with the power battery.

According to one example of the application, the power battery comprises seven single batteries, wherein the first single battery forms a starting battery set, the second single battery and the third single battery form a heating battery set, and the fourth single battery to the seventh single battery form a power balance battery set.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from the drawings without inventive effort.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electric heating system in an example of the present application.

Icon: 101-a first heating film; 102-a second heating film; 103-a third heating film; 104-a fourth heating film; 201-a first cell; 202-a second cell; 203-a third cell; 204-a fourth cell; 205-a fifth cell; 206-a sixth cell; 207-seventh cell; 301-a circuit board; 401-temperature sensor; 501-super capacitor; 601-controller.

Detailed Description

When the power battery is used in a high-cold or low-temperature environment, the power battery may not work normally. Therefore, in order to normally operate the power battery (composed of a plurality of single cells), it is generally necessary to preheat it.

Based on such a real demand, in the present application example, a heating system to preheat the power battery is proposed. Unlike the prior art in which an additional auxiliary battery is provided to provide electric energy for heating the power battery, in the present application, the super capacitor and some batteries in the power battery are used to provide electric energy for heating, and the remaining other batteries in the power battery are also used to provide electric energy to balance the SOC (State of charge, SOC for short) of each battery, so as to reflect the remaining capacity of the battery.

The super capacitor has the characteristic of low-temperature discharge, so that the super capacitor can still normally work and discharge under the high-cold or low-temperature environment, and can be used as an initial heating electric energy source. After the battery is heated by supplying electric energy through the super capacitor, the heated battery can be normally powered, so that other batteries can be further heated by the electric energy supplied by the heated battery. Thus, repeating this, all of the cells can be heated.

In addition, after all the batteries in the power batteries are heated, part of the batteries in the power batteries are heated by the electric energy provided by other batteries under the condition that the batteries are not used for providing the electric energy. Therefore, in the power battery, part of the batteries are consumed with electric energy to carry out heating, and part of the batteries are not consumed with electric energy. Based on this, there is a deviation in the state of charge of each of the power cells. In order to solve the above-described problem of the state of charge deviation of each battery, the present application also performs state of charge balancing. Namely, the electric energy of the battery which does not consume the electric energy is transferred to the battery which consumes the electric energy through the super capacitor.

A power supply system (structure is shown in figure 1) based on the heating system comprises a power battery consisting of seven single batteries, which are marked as a No. 1 battery, a No. 2 battery, a No. 3 battery, a No. 4 battery, a No. 5 battery, a No. 6 battery and a No. 7 battery respectively. The seven single cells are arranged in parallel, and adjacent two single cells are adjacent to each other.

The heating system heats each single cell by a heater therein. As a functional distinction and convenience in description, among the seven batteries described above, the No. 1 battery constitutes a starting battery assembly, the No. 2 battery and the No. 3 battery constitute a heating battery assembly, and the No. 4 battery, the No. 5 battery, the No. 6 battery and the No. 7 battery constitute a power equalizing battery assembly. In other words, the batteries may be of the same type or model, or of different types or models.

The above-mentioned "starting battery set", "heating battery set", and "charge equalization battery set" are distinguished for convenience of description only according to the order and manner of use of the batteries in the heating system of the present application, and are not limitations on the battery structure or capacity or type.

In the present example, the starting assembled battery has one single cell (heated by one heating film), the heating assembled battery has two single cells (heated by one heating film), and the electricity amount equalizing assembled battery has four single cells (heated by one heating film, two heating films in total).

The number of the single cells in each battery pack is not limited to the case given in the example of the present application, and specifically, the amount of electricity of the super capacitor 501 and the amount of electricity consumed by each single cell in the starting battery pack and the heating battery pack and the amount of electricity of all the single cells in the electricity balancing battery pack may be considered comprehensively. Specifically, it is determined how to control the number of unit cells in each battery pack based on the amount of electricity consumed by the batteries and the amount of electricity required to balance the SOC of each battery.

Wherein the battery pack is activated to serve as the first battery to provide heating power after the super capacitor 501 is powered to heat. The heating battery pack is a battery for supplying electric power to heat after the battery pack is activated. The electric quantity balancing group battery is used for providing electric energy for balancing the charge state of each single battery.

In the example of this application, super capacitor 501 heats battery number 1, and battery number 1 heats battery numbers 2 and 3, and battery number 2 heats battery numbers 4 and 5, and battery number 3 heats battery numbers 6 and 7, and battery numbers 4 to 7 supply power to battery numbers 1 to 3 in order to balance each battery SOC.

In other examples, the super capacitor 501 may heat the battery No. 1, the battery No. 1 heats the battery No. 2, the battery No. 3 heats the battery No. 4, and so on, and finally the battery No. 7 supplies power to other batteries to balance the SOC of each battery.

Or, the super capacitor 501 may heat the batteries 1 and 2, the battery 1 heats the battery 3, the battery 2 heats the battery 4, the battery 3 heats the batteries 5 and 6, the battery 4 heats the battery 7, and the batteries 5, 6, and 7 supply power to other batteries to balance the SOC of the batteries.

In the above examples, the "heating" or "heating" refers to the correspondence between the battery and the heating film, for example, "the super capacitor 501 heats the battery No. 1" refers to "1 heating film is correspondingly attached to the battery No. 1 and heats the battery No. 1". The phrase "the super capacitor 501 heats the batteries 1 and 2" means that "1 heating film is correspondingly attached to the batteries 1 and 2, and heats the two batteries at the same time".

Through the selection, the heating mode can be flexibly selected according to the electric quantity of the battery pack, and the working flexibility and the environmental adaptability of the equipment are improved. When the initial SOC of the battery pack is low, the number of the secondary battery cells heated by single battery cell discharging is reduced, the single battery cells are less discharged, and low-SOC heating starting can be realized. When the initial SOC of the battery pack is high, the number of the secondary battery cells heated by single battery cell discharging is increased, the number of heating layer stages is small, and rapid heating can be realized.

Whether the super capacitor and each single battery supply power outwards or which object supplies power is mainly realized by selecting the working state (on-off) of a switch of the conducting circuit. In theoretical realization, the switch can be a knife switch, and the on-off is realized through manual operation.

However, for the sake of automation and accuracy, the switch may be an electronic switch, that is, the switch is selectively controlled by the controller 601 (accordingly, the circuit board 301 is provided, the controller 601 is combined with the circuit board 301, and various components mentioned later may be selectively disposed on the circuit board 301 to improve the integration level and reduce the volume), so as to reduce the complexity of manual operation.

Especially when there are many cells constituting the power battery, manual operations are often difficult to be effective or not easily implemented efficiently. The controller 601 may be any of a variety of electronic components or collection of components capable of certain data storage and processing. For example, the controller 601 may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Micro Control Unit (MCU), an editable logic controller 601(PLC), a programmable automation controller 601(PAC), an industrial control computer (IPC), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), an application specific integrated circuit chip (ASIC chip), or the like.

The controller 601 can select whether to turn on a circuit according to the temperature condition or control the turn-on condition according to other conditions by taking the temperature as a parameter to be examined when which switch is in the on-state or the short-circuit state. Alternatively, a thermal switch is selected as the controller 601 for whether the circuit is on or off.

A more detailed description of the heating system in the example of the power supply system follows.

The heating system comprises a super capacitor 501, a heater and a switch.

Because the heating system is used for preheating the power battery which needs to normally work in a low-temperature environment, and the super capacitor has a low-temperature discharge characteristic, the super capacitor can be used as an electric energy source for initial heating, and cold start of the preheating process in the low-temperature environment can be realized.

A heater is provided to heat the battery by converting electrical energy into thermal energy. Conventionally, a heater is heated by heating with electric energy through a resistance wire. In addition, considering that the power battery is generally provided in a block shape, the heater is provided in the form of a heating plate. Further, the heating plate can also be designed as a heating film, which therefore comprises a film carrier and a resistance wire supported therein. In use, the heating film may be adhered to the surface of a cell or fixed by a fixing frame of a power battery and brought into contact with the battery, for example. In some examples, the heating film is adhered to the surface of the square battery by a thermally conductive adhesive.

For convenience of description and functional distinction, the heaters are classified into two types, i.e., a primary heating plate and a rear heating plate, in the example. Wherein, the primary heating plate is heated by utilizing the power supplied by the super capacitor 501; the rear heat plate is heated by using part of the single cells in the power battery.

Taking the power battery with seven single batteries as an example, the heater is correspondingly provided with a primary heating plate and is attached to the surface of the No. 1 single battery; three rear heat plates are respectively attached to the surfaces of the No. 2 cell and the No. 3 cell (corresponding to the first rear heat plate), the No. 4 cell and the No. 5 cell (corresponding to the second rear heat plate), the No. 6 cell and the No. 7 cell (corresponding to the third rear heat plate). The primary heat plate is powered by the super capacitor 501, the first rear heat plate is powered by the No. 1 single cell, the second rear heat plate is powered by the No. 2 single cell, and the third rear heat plate is powered by the No. 3 single cell.

Considering the difference between the electric quantities of the super capacitor 501 and the single cells, that is, the electric energy which can be provided by the super capacitor 501 is usually much smaller than that of the single cells, the area of the heating surface of the primary heat plate may be smaller than that of each of the rear heat plates. Accordingly, as described above, the primary thermal plate covers only a single cell, and each of the rear thermal plates covers two cells.

In order to control the charging and discharging conditions of each battery of the super capacitor 501, a switch is correspondingly arranged so as to realize the on-off of each required or selected circuit. In the example, the switch is divided into a starting switch, a succeeding switch, a charging switch and an equalizing switch which are independent of each other according to functions. The "start switch", "relay switch", "charge switch" and "equalization switch" may be various switches that perform an on-off function, and are not specifically limited in this application.

The super capacitor 501 is connected with the primary hot plate through a starting switch;

the heating battery pack is connected with the rear heat plates through the rear switches via the rear connecting terminals;

the electric quantity balancing group battery is connected with the super capacitor 501 through the charging switch via the charging connecting terminal;

the heating battery pack is connected to the super capacitor 501 through the equalization switch via the equalization connection terminal.

The aforementioned connection terminal may be implemented by a metal conductive sheet or a metal wire.

Temperature sensor 401 is optionally configured in the example based on the accuracy of the selection and adjustment of the on and off of the various switches to enable more efficient and accurate and timely switching control by controller 601. In addition, since the cell may be overheated when heated, the temperature sensor 401 may also serve as a sensor for controlling the heating time. Also, the temperature sensors 401 in the example are contact time temperature measuring elements, and therefore, the respective temperature sensors 401 are respectively in contact with the starting battery pack, the heating battery pack, and the charge equalization battery pack to measure the temperature.

The preheating mode of the power supply system in the example of the present application will be described with reference to fig. 1.

In a low-temperature environment, the temperature sensor 401 detects the temperature of each battery and transmits it to the controller 601. When the controller 601 judges whether the actually measured temperature value is lower than the threshold value, the heating process is started.

First, the switch between the supercapacitor 501 and the first heating film 101 is turned on, and the supercapacitor 501 discharges heat to the first heating film 101. At this time, the first cell 201 is heated, and its temperature rises.

Meanwhile, the temperature sensor 401 on the first electrical core 201 collects the temperature. When the temperature of the first cell 201 reaches its normal discharge temperature value, the controller 601 turns off the switch between the supercapacitor 501 and the first heating film 101, and turns on the switch between the first cell 201 and the second heating film 102.

Next, the first cell 201 discharges the second heating film 102, thereby heating the second cell 202 and the third cell 203, and the second cell 202 and the third cell 203 rise in temperature. At the same time, temperature sensors 401 on the second cell 202 and the third cell 203 collect temperature.

Again, when the temperature values of the second cell 202 and the third cell 203 reach the discharge temperature, the controller 601 turns off the switch between the first cell 201 and the second heating film 102, and turns on the switch between the second cell 202 and the third heating film 103 and the switch between the third cell 203 and the fourth heating film 104. Thus, the third heating film 103 heats the fourth cell 204 and the fifth cell 205, and the fourth heating film 104 heats the sixth cell 206 and the seventh cell 207.

When the temperatures of the fourth cell 204, the fifth cell 205, the sixth cell 206, and the seventh cell 207 satisfy the discharge requirement, the third heating film 103 and the fourth heating film 104 are powered off.

Subsequently, the controller 601 starts entering the equalizing SOC process. In this step, since the fourth cell 204, the fifth cell 205, the sixth cell 206, and the seventh cell 207 do not consume electric energy to operate the heating film, electric power is higher than that of the first cell 201, the second cell 202, and the third cell 203.

For this reason, the fourth cell 204, the fifth cell 205, the sixth cell 206, and the seventh cell 207 may reversely charge the first cell 201, the second cell 202, and the third cell 203 to compensate for the power consumption thereof. Specifically, by using the super capacitor 501 as a relay, the electric energy is transferred to the super capacitor 501, and then the super capacitor 501 transfers the electric energy to the first electric core 201, the second electric core 202, and the third electric core 203.

Through foretell mode, the equipment that this application provided mainly utilizes power battery self electric energy to preheat, can avoid the need to joining in marriage auxiliary battery. And, compare in the direct power battery heating of outer distribution battery, through the selective use to each battery (whether supply power with heating and reverse charge with balanced electric quantity) in this application, realized the better preheating effect to the power battery.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A heating system for preheating a power battery, the power battery comprises a starting battery pack, a heating battery pack and an electric quantity balancing battery pack, and the heating system comprises:

a super capacitor;

the heater is provided with a primary hot plate and a plurality of rear hot plates, the primary hot plate is attached to the starting battery pack and is powered by the super capacitor to generate heat, and the plurality of rear hot plates are respectively attached to the heating battery pack and the electric quantity balancing battery pack in a one-to-one correspondence manner and are powered by the heating battery pack to generate heat;

the switch device is provided with a starting switch, a subsequent switch, a charging switch and an equalizing switch which are independent from each other;

the super capacitor is connected with the primary hot plate through the starting switch;

the rear hot plates are connected with the rear switch and reserve a rear connecting terminal for connecting the heating battery pack;

the super capacitor is connected with the charging switch and reserves a charging connecting terminal for connecting the electric quantity balancing group battery;

and the super capacitor is connected with the equalizing switch and reserves an equalizing connection terminal for connecting the heating battery pack.

2. The heating system of claim 1, comprising a plurality of temperature sensors in contact with the start-up battery, the heating battery, and the charge equalization battery, respectively, to measure temperature.

3. The heating system of claim 2, wherein the heating system comprises a circuit board, and the super capacitor, the switch, and the plurality of temperature sensors are respectively connected to the circuit board.

4. A heating system as set forth in claim 1 wherein the heating surfaces of the primary heat plates are smaller in area than the heating surfaces of each of the rear heat plates.

5. The heating system according to claim 1 or 4, wherein the primary and rear hot plates each comprise a film material and a resistance wire embedded in the film material.

6. A power supply having a power cell composed of at least three unit cells, characterized in that the power supply further comprises a heating system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, the heater in the heating system being in heat-conducting contact with the power cell.

7. A power supply according to claim 6, wherein the power battery comprises seven cells, wherein a first cell constitutes the starting battery, a second cell and a third cell constitute the heating battery, and a fourth cell to a seventh cell constitute the charge equalization battery.