CN213699459U - Sludge incineration heat exchange desulfurization and denitrification system - Google Patents
Sludge incineration heat exchange desulfurization and denitrification system Download PDFInfo
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- CN213699459U CN213699459U CN202021817058.2U CN202021817058U CN213699459U CN 213699459 U CN213699459 U CN 213699459U CN 202021817058 U CN202021817058 U CN 202021817058U CN 213699459 U CN213699459 U CN 213699459U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a sludge incineration heat exchange desulfurization and denitrification system, which comprises a sludge incineration heat exchange desulfurization and denitrification tower, a drying tower, a first dust collector, a dehumidifier and a heat exchanger which are sequentially communicated; the sludge incineration heat exchange desulfurization and denitrification tower comprises a tower body, wherein an incinerator section, a heat exchange mechanism, an ammonia spraying grid, a catalytic reduction denitrification mechanism and a desulfurization mechanism which are sequentially communicated are arranged in the tower body from bottom to top, and a flue gas outlet communicated with the desulfurization mechanism is formed in the top of the tower body; a first medium outlet of the heat exchange mechanism is communicated with a section where the ammonia injection grid is located, a second medium inlet is communicated with the outside, and a second medium outlet is communicated with the bottom of the drying tower; and the smoke outlet is communicated with a second dust collector, and the air outlet of the second dust collector is communicated with the third medium inlet. The utility model discloses accomplish burning, heat transfer, the denitration desulfurization of mud at sludge incineration heat transfer SOx/NOx control tower, each functional unit compact structure is favorable to reducing area, reduces equipment investment cost.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to sludge treatment equipment field relates to a sludge incineration heat transfer SOx/NOx control system.
Background
With the economic development and the urbanization process of China being accelerated, the problem of water pollution is increasingly prominent, and the discharge amount of sewage is on a rapidly increasing trend. According to incomplete statistics, the discharge amount of urban sewage in China is increased by 100 hundred million m from 1990 to 2003 within 14 years3460 hundred million m in 20033(ii) a The time from 2004 to 2014 is only 11 years, and the urban sewage discharge amount in China is increased to 1250 hundred million m3Increased by 790 hundred million m3. By the end of 2014, the treatment capacity of domestic sewage facilities in cities and towns in China reaches 1.5 hundred million m3And d, the sewage treatment rate reaches 80 wt.%. With the promotion of the 'twelve five' energy-saving emission-reduction target, the standard of China on the quality of the effluent water of the urban sewage treatment plant is continuously improved, and the first-level A standard is executed when the effluent water of the urban sewage treatment plant is discharged into key watersheds determined by China and provinces, closed and semi-closed water areas such as lakes, reservoirs and the like according to the regulation of pollutant discharge standards of the urban sewage treatment plant. Although the urban sewage treatment plant constructed in the early stage has a good effect of removing organic matters and suspended matters, the effect of removing nitrogen and phosphorus is not obvious, and the emission standard of China for urban sewage cannot be reached at present. Therefore, the sewage treatment industry in China is rapidly developed and faces a plurality of problems and challenges, mainlyThe method is characterized by comprising the following 4 aspects: (1) the construction fund is short, the construction of a sewage treatment plant needs great fund investment, and the lack of the fund becomes a great obstacle for limiting sewage treatment; (2) the operation cost of the sewage treatment plant is high, so that a lot of equipment of the sewage treatment plant becomes furnishings; (3) the concentration of the settled sludge is low, only 1-2 wt.%, and the sludge is difficult to dewater, so that a large amount of dewatering equipment is needed in the dewatering process, the equipment investment is large, the land is occupied, and (4) the water content of the dewatered sludge is as high as 75-80 wt.%, the sludge is large in volume, the annual sludge production amount reaches more than 3000 ten thousand tons, a large amount of land is needed to be buried, harmful bacteria are contained in the sludge, secondary pollution is generated after the sludge is buried, and the underground pollution generated by the burying is difficult to restore.
Sludge, which is an associated product of sewage treatment, is a problem that needs to be solved, for example, the sludge in China is treated into 3000 million tons of sludge with the average water content of 78 wt%, the weight of the sludge is only about 120 million tons after all the sludge is subjected to incineration treatment, more than 60 percent of the sludge is silicon dioxide, and the silicon dioxide is a good raw material for preparing cement, so that the sludge is used as a fuel, and then the residues of the sludge are used for preparing the cement, which is a good method for solving the sludge problem, particularly, paper-making sludge and municipal sludge which contain a large amount of organic matters and can be directly used as a fuel after being dried, high-temperature flue gas generated by combustion can be used for continuously drying the sludge or supplying heat for other purposes, but the water content of the sludge after being dried is still too high for being used as the fuel, and the sludge with high water content and low heat value can not, the combustion efficiency is low. The sludge combustion can not only be used as fuel for heat supply, but also can further reduce the sludge quantity and reduce the landfill pressure, but can generate gas containing toxic nitrogen oxides and sulfur-containing gas during the sludge combustion, pollute the atmospheric environment, and often the related treatment equipment is additionally arranged outside the incinerator for denitrification and desulfurization treatment, so that the standard emission of flue gas can be ensured, but the equipment floor area is undoubtedly increased.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of the utility model is to prior art not enough, provide a compact structure's sludge incineration heat transfer SOx/NOx control system, realize the drying of mud, burn, heat utilization and flue gas treatment.
In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model discloses a technical scheme does:
a sludge incineration heat exchange desulfurization and denitrification system comprises a sludge incineration heat exchange desulfurization and denitrification tower, a drying tower, a first dust collector, a dehumidifier and a heat exchanger which are sequentially communicated, wherein at least 1 induced draft fan is arranged on a pipeline among the sludge incineration heat exchange desulfurization and denitrification tower, the drying tower, the first dust collector, the dehumidifier and the heat exchanger;
the sludge incineration heat exchange desulfurization and denitrification tower comprises a tower body, wherein an incinerator section, a heat exchange mechanism, an ammonia spraying grid, a catalytic reduction denitrification mechanism and a desulfurization mechanism which are sequentially communicated are arranged in the tower body from bottom to top, and a flue gas outlet communicated with the desulfurization mechanism is formed in the top of the tower body; the bottom of the incinerator section is provided with a slag discharge port, and the tower body is provided with a first feeding mechanism communicated with the incinerator section; the heat exchange mechanism is provided with a first medium inlet, a first medium outlet, a second medium inlet and a second medium outlet, the first medium inlet is communicated with the incinerator section, the first medium outlet is communicated with the section where the ammonia injection grid is located, the second medium inlet is communicated with the outside, and the second medium outlet is communicated with the bottom of the drying tower;
the heat exchanger is provided with a third medium inlet, a third medium outlet, a fourth medium inlet and a fourth medium outlet, the fourth medium inlet is communicated with the dehumidifier, and the fourth medium outlet is communicated with the incinerator section;
and the smoke outlet is communicated with a second dust collector, and an air outlet of the second dust collector is communicated with the third medium inlet.
Further, a blower communicating with the incinerator section is included to blow air. Preferably, the air blower is communicated with the bottom side of the incinerator section to form a fluidized bed incinerator section, so that air is blown in, and simultaneously, sludge is in a boiling state, and the combustion efficiency is improved.
Further, first feed mechanism includes a screw conveyer, screw conveyer's feed inlet is equipped with first feeding storehouse, screw conveyer's discharge gate and incinerator section intercommunication to conveniently send into mud in the incinerator section.
Further, the first dust collector is located above the first feeding bin, and a discharge hole of the first dust collector is communicated with the first feeding bin.
Further, the first dust collector is a cyclone dust collector.
Further, be equipped with second feed mechanism on the drying tower, second feed mechanism includes second screw conveyer, second screw conveyer's feed inlet is provided with second feeding storehouse, second screw conveyer's discharge gate and drying tower intercommunication.
Further, be equipped with first draught fan between second medium export and the drying tower, be equipped with the second draught fan between first dust collector and the dehumidifier.
And a third induced draft fan is arranged between the air outlet of the second dust collector and the third medium inlet.
Optionally, the heat exchange mechanism and the heat exchanger are both tube type heat exchange equipment.
Optionally, the desulfurization mechanism is a spray adsorption desulfurizer, and sulfide and other acidic substances in the flue gas are removed by spraying particulate adsorbents such as sodium bicarbonate into the desulfurizer through a chemical adsorption method.
Further, the catalytic reduction denitration mechanism is a selective catalytic denitration reactor and is used for reducing toxic nitrogen-containing oxides in the flue gas into harmless nitrogen so as to protect the atmospheric environment.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:
(1) the utility model completes the combustion, heat exchange, denitration and desulfurization of sludge in the sludge incineration heat exchange desulfurization and denitrification tower, and each functional unit has compact structure, thus being beneficial to reducing the occupied area and reducing the equipment investment cost; in addition, the sludge combustion heat is used as a heat source to dry the sludge, so that the sludge is incinerated and recycled;
(2) after the sludge is used as fuel to be combusted, the amount of the sludge is further reduced, and the pressure of subsequent treatment (such as landfill) is reduced;
(3) the heat exchange mechanism directly installs the heat exchange mechanism above the incinerator section, utilizes sludge incineration to directly heat the heat exchange mechanism, and simultaneously flue gas further participates in heat exchange when flowing through the heat exchange mechanism, thereby improving the heat utilization efficiency and effectively recycling the heat generated by pollution combustion.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a sludge incineration heat exchange desulfurization and denitrification system according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments. It should be noted that, in the present invention, the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. For convenience of description, the words "upper", "lower", "left" and "right" in the following description are used only to indicate the correspondence between the upper, lower, left and right directions of the drawings themselves, and do not limit the structure.
Referring to fig. 1, a sludge incineration heat exchange desulfurization and denitrification system comprises a sludge incineration heat exchange desulfurization and denitrification tower 2, a drying tower 4, a first dust collector 5, a dehumidifier 7 and a heat exchanger 8 which are sequentially communicated; the sludge incineration heat exchange desulfurization and denitrification tower 2 comprises a tower body, wherein an incinerator section 21, a heat exchange mechanism 22, an ammonia spraying grid 23, a catalytic reduction denitrification mechanism 24 and a desulfurization mechanism 25 which are sequentially communicated are arranged in the tower body from bottom to top, and a flue gas outlet communicated with the desulfurization mechanism is formed in the top of the tower body; the bottom of the incinerator section 21 is provided with a slag discharge port, and the tower body is provided with a first feeding mechanism communicated with the incinerator section; the heat exchange mechanism 22 is provided with a first medium inlet, a first medium outlet, a second medium inlet and a second medium outlet, the first medium inlet is communicated with the incinerator section, the first medium outlet is communicated with the section where the ammonia injection grid 23 is located, the second medium inlet is communicated with the outside, and the second medium outlet is communicated with the bottom of the drying tower 4;
the heat exchanger 8 is provided with a third medium inlet, a third medium outlet, a fourth medium inlet and a fourth medium outlet, the fourth medium inlet is communicated with the dehumidifier 7, and the fourth medium outlet is communicated with the incinerator section 21;
and the smoke outlet is communicated with a second dust collector 9, and an air outlet of the second dust collector 9 is communicated with a third medium inlet.
And a blower 1 communicating with the bottom side of the incinerator section 21.
The first feeding mechanism comprises a first screw conveyor 26, a first feeding bin 27 is arranged at a feeding hole of the first screw conveyor 26, and a discharging hole of the first screw conveyor 26 is communicated with the incinerator section 21.
The first dust collector 5 is positioned above the first feeding bin 27, and a discharge hole of the first dust collector 5 is communicated with the first feeding bin 27. The first dust collector 5 is a cyclone dust collector.
And a second feeding mechanism is arranged on the drying tower 4 and comprises a second screw conveyor 41, a second feeding bin 42 is arranged at a feeding hole of the second screw conveyor 41, and a discharging hole of the second screw conveyor 41 is communicated with the drying tower 4.
And a first induced draft fan 3 is arranged between the second medium outlet and the drying tower, and a second induced draft fan 6 is arranged between the first dust collector 5 and the dehumidifier 7.
And a third induced draft fan 10 is arranged between the air outlet of the second dust collector 9 and the third medium inlet.
The drying tower is provided with an inner cavity, the second medium outlet is communicated with the bottom of the inner cavity, and the bottom of the inner cavity is provided with a stainless steel fixed cutter set and a moving cutter set for crushing sludge; the communicating position of the second medium outlet and the inner cavity is positioned below the stainless steel fixed cutter set and the movable cutter set, so that hot air is blown in from the lower part of sludge.
When the system is operated, biomass particles can be used as fuel, the biomass particles are sent into an incinerator section through a first spiral conveyer, high-temperature flue gas with the temperature of 850-plus 950 ℃ is generated after ignition, the high-temperature flue gas upwards passes through a tube pass of a heat exchange mechanism, cold air entering a shell pass of the heat exchange mechanism is heated to the temperature of about 300-plus 330 ℃, the self temperature of the high-temperature flue gas is reduced to be within 400 ℃, the hot air with the temperature of about 300-plus 330 ℃ is used as a drying heat source of dehydrated sludge, enters a drying tower through an air inlet at the bottom of the drying tower, flows upwards from the bottom of the drying tower, contacts the dehydrated sludge which is sent into the drying tower through a second spiral conveyer, falls down under the action of gravity and is crushed by a stainless steel fixed knife group and a movable knife group arranged at the bottom of the drying tower, the crushed and dried sludge particles are driven by wind in the reverse direction, the sludge which meets the drying requirement leaves from the top of the, sludge particles which cannot meet the drying requirement are dropped under the action of gravity and are contacted and dried by hot air again, sludge entering the first dust collector falls to the bottom of the first dust collector under the action of cyclone, the sludge is sent out of the first dust collector by a discharge valve arranged at the bottom, the sludge particles leaving the first dust collector fall into a first feeding bin 27, and the dried sludge falling into the first feeding bin is taken as fuel and is sent into an incinerator for incineration by a first screw conveyer; the hot air which is separated from the dried sludge and has water vapor and non-condensable gas and the temperature of which is about 105 ℃ is introduced into the dehumidifier by the induced draft fan, the dehumidifier uses cold water with the temperature lower than 10 ℃ as a cold source to cool the water vapor in the hot air into hot water with the temperature of about 25 ℃, the remaining non-condensable gas is introduced into the shell pass of the heat exchanger, the non-condensable gas is heated by the flue gas which is subjected to denitration and desulfurization and passes through the tube pass of the heat exchanger in the shell pass of the heat exchanger, and the non-condensable gas with the temperature of about 100 ℃ after heating is introduced into the incinerator section to be burnt as fuel. The flue gas with the temperature reduced to be within 250 ℃ after passing through the heat exchange mechanism enters a catalytic reduction denitration mechanism, the flue gas is contacted and mixed with ammonia sprayed into an ammonia distribution grid from the outside at the inlet of the catalytic reduction denitration mechanism, the high-temperature flue gas with the temperature reduced through heat exchange is in the catalytic reduction denitration mechanism, nitrogen gas with toxicity and nitrogen oxide reacts with the ammonia gas to generate nontoxic nitrogen gas, then the flue gas leaves the catalytic reduction denitration mechanism and enters a desulfurization mechanism section, the flue gas contacts and mixes with desulfurizer particles sprayed from the outside at the inlet of the desulfurization mechanism, sulfur-containing oxides or other acidic gas substances in the flue gas in the desulfurization mechanism react with a desulfurizer (such as sodium bicarbonate or calcium carbonate particles) to generate calcium salts such as calcium sulfite or calcium chloride particles, then the flue gas leaves the desulfurization mechanism and enters a high-temperature flue gas dust remover, the flue gas after desulfurization, denitration and dust removal is introduced into a heat exchanger tube pass, the temperature of the flue gas after heat exchange is further reduced to be within 100 ℃, the low-temperature flue gas can be further input into a wet dust removal desulfurization tower for desulfurization and dust removal, and the flue gas after desulfurization and dust removal again reaches the standard and is discharged.
The utility model discloses a dry process SOx/NOx control, SOx/NOx control rate reach 90%, and it is very little to contain the sulphur content in the flue gas behind the second dust collector, can reduce the flue gas temperature who leaves the heat exchanger to 100 ℃ or even lower, and the flue gas also can not lead to the fact the corruption to equipment because of containing sulphide to reach energy-conserving purpose.
The above-mentioned embodiments are illustrative and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims, and all modifications of the equivalent forms of the present invention which are obvious to those skilled in the art after reading the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The sludge incineration heat exchange desulfurization and denitrification system is characterized by comprising a sludge incineration heat exchange desulfurization and denitrification tower (2), a drying tower (4), a first dust collector (5), a dehumidifier (7) and a heat exchanger (8) which are sequentially communicated, wherein at least 1 draught fan is arranged on a pipeline among the sludge incineration heat exchange desulfurization and denitrification tower (2), the drying tower (4), the first dust collector (5), the dehumidifier (7) and the heat exchanger (8);
the sludge incineration heat exchange desulfurization and denitrification tower (2) comprises a tower body, wherein an incinerator section (21), a heat exchange mechanism (22), an ammonia injection grid (23), a catalytic reduction denitrification mechanism (24) and a desulfurization mechanism (25) which are sequentially communicated are arranged in the tower body from bottom to top, and a flue gas outlet communicated with the desulfurization mechanism is formed in the top of the tower body; the bottom of the incinerator section (21) is provided with a slag discharge port, and the tower body is provided with a first feeding mechanism communicated with the incinerator section; the heat exchange mechanism (22) is provided with a first medium inlet, a first medium outlet, a second medium inlet and a second medium outlet, the first medium inlet is communicated with the incinerator section, the first medium outlet is communicated with the section where the ammonia injection grid (23) is located, the second medium inlet is communicated with the outside, and the second medium outlet is communicated with the bottom of the drying tower (4);
the heat exchanger (8) is provided with a third medium inlet, a third medium outlet, a fourth medium inlet and a fourth medium outlet, the fourth medium inlet is communicated with the dehumidifier (7), and the fourth medium outlet is communicated with the incinerator section (21);
and the smoke outlet is communicated with a second dust collector (9), and an air outlet of the second dust collector (9) is communicated with the third medium inlet.
2. The sludge incineration, heat exchange, desulfurization and denitrification system according to claim 1, further comprising an air blower (1) in communication with the incinerator section (21).
3. The sludge incineration, heat exchange, desulfurization and denitrification system according to claim 1, wherein the first feeding mechanism comprises a first screw conveyor (26), a feeding port of the first screw conveyor (26) is provided with a first feeding bin (27), and a discharging port of the first screw conveyor (26) is communicated with the incinerator section (21).
4. The sludge incineration, heat exchange, desulfurization and denitrification system according to claim 3, wherein the first dust collector (5) is positioned above the first feeding bin (27), and a discharge hole of the first dust collector (5) is communicated with the first feeding bin (27).
5. The sludge incineration, heat exchange, desulfurization and denitrification system according to claim 1, wherein the first dust collector (5) is a cyclone dust collector.
6. The sludge incineration, heat exchange, desulfurization and denitrification system according to claim 1, wherein a second feeding mechanism is arranged on the drying tower (4), the second feeding mechanism comprises a second screw conveyor (41), a second feeding bin (42) is arranged at a feeding port of the second screw conveyor (41), and a discharging port of the second screw conveyor (41) is communicated with the drying tower (4).
7. The sludge incineration, heat exchange, desulfurization and denitrification system according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein a first induced draft fan (3) is arranged between the second medium outlet and the drying tower, and a second induced draft fan (6) is arranged between the first dust collector (5) and the dehumidifier (7).
8. The sludge incineration, heat exchange, desulfurization and denitrification system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a third induced draft fan (10) is arranged between the air outlet of the second dust collector (9) and the third medium inlet.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202021817058.2U CN213699459U (en) | 2020-08-27 | 2020-08-27 | Sludge incineration heat exchange desulfurization and denitrification system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202021817058.2U CN213699459U (en) | 2020-08-27 | 2020-08-27 | Sludge incineration heat exchange desulfurization and denitrification system |
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| CN213699459U true CN213699459U (en) | 2021-07-16 |
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| CN202021817058.2U Active CN213699459U (en) | 2020-08-27 | 2020-08-27 | Sludge incineration heat exchange desulfurization and denitrification system |
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