CN110606648A - Sludge mixing drying pure combustion power generation system and working method thereof - Google Patents

Sludge mixing drying pure combustion power generation system and working method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110606648A
CN110606648A CN201910892922.0A CN201910892922A CN110606648A CN 110606648 A CN110606648 A CN 110606648A CN 201910892922 A CN201910892922 A CN 201910892922A CN 110606648 A CN110606648 A CN 110606648A
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China
Prior art keywords
sludge
dust collector
outlet
inlet
power generation
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
黄华
周志刚
阎志敏
杜广波
何宇文
邵林烨
胡鹏
许佳平
李�杰
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United Engineers Ltd In China
China United Engineering Corp Ltd
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United Engineers Ltd In China
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D50/00—Combinations of methods or devices for separating particles from gases or vapours
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/48—Sulfur compounds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/48—Sulfur compounds
    • B01D53/50—Sulfur oxides
    • B01D53/501—Sulfur oxides by treating the gases with a solution or a suspension of an alkali or earth-alkali or ammonium compound
    • B01D53/502—Sulfur oxides by treating the gases with a solution or a suspension of an alkali or earth-alkali or ammonium compound characterised by a specific solution or suspension
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/54—Nitrogen compounds
    • B01D53/56—Nitrogen oxides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/75—Multi-step processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/77—Liquid phase processes
    • B01D53/78—Liquid phase processes with gas-liquid contact
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/77—Liquid phase processes
    • B01D53/79—Injecting reactants
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/80—Semi-solid phase processes, i.e. by using slurries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/81—Solid phase processes
    • B01D53/83—Solid phase processes with moving reactants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
    • C02F11/121—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering
    • C02F11/122—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering using filter presses
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
    • C02F11/13—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by heating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
    • C02F11/14—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening with addition of chemical agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
    • C02F11/14—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening with addition of chemical agents
    • C02F11/147—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening with addition of chemical agents using organic substances
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
    • F23G5/033—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment comminuting or crushing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
    • F23G5/04—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment drying
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/30—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having a fluidised bed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
    • F23G7/001—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals for sludges or waste products from water treatment installations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/006—Layout of treatment plant
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/40—Alkaline earth metal or magnesium compounds
    • B01D2251/404—Alkaline earth metal or magnesium compounds of calcium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
    • B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
    • B01D2258/0283—Flue gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
    • F23G2201/10—Drying by heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
    • F23G2201/20—Dewatering by mechanical means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
    • F23G2201/80—Shredding
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2209/00—Specific waste
    • F23G2209/12—Sludge, slurries or mixtures of liquids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2215/00—Preventing emissions
    • F23J2215/20—Sulfur; Compounds thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2217/00—Intercepting solids
    • F23J2217/10—Intercepting solids by filters
    • F23J2217/101—Baghouse type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2217/00—Intercepting solids
    • F23J2217/10—Intercepting solids by filters
    • F23J2217/102—Intercepting solids by filters electrostatic
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2219/00—Treatment devices
    • F23J2219/30—Sorption devices using carbon, e.g. coke

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  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a sludge mixing drying pure combustion power generation system and a working method thereof, which have the advantages of low energy consumption, high drying efficiency, low drying cost and no need of co-combustion of any auxiliary fuel. The concentrated sewage tank is connected with the plate-and-frame filter press through a pipeline, and a sludge screw pump is arranged on the pipeline; the plate-and-frame filter press is connected with a sludge crusher through a belt conveyor; the sludge crusher is connected with the semi-dry sludge bin; the half-dry sludge bin is connected with a steam dryer through a first screw conveyor; the steam dryer is connected with the dry sludge storage bin through a second screw conveyor; the dry sludge storage bin is connected with the fluidized bed furnace incineration system through a weighing feeder; a flue gas outlet of the fluidized bed furnace incineration system is connected with an electrostatic dust collector; the electrostatic dust collector is connected with the bag-type dust collector through a pipeline, and the pipeline is connected with a limestone conveying system and an active carbon conveying system; the bag-type dust collector is connected with the wet desulphurization tower through an induced draft fan; the wet desulphurization tower is connected with the wet electric dust collector; the wet electric dust collector is connected with the chimney.

Description

Sludge mixing drying pure combustion power generation system and working method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to a sludge mixing drying pure combustion power generation system and a working method thereof, which are mainly suitable for drying combustion power generation of municipal sludge and industrial sludge in cities.
Background
With the increasing world population, the rapid development of urbanization and the gradual increase of sewage collection rate, the increasing of urban sludge yield, the treatment and disposal of sludge become a sensitive global environmental problem. In order to effectively, harmlessly, reduce and recycle municipal sludge in time, sludge drying and incineration are important methods for harmlessly treating the sludge. The sludge drying incineration can reduce the volume of the sludge to the minimum (the sludge is reduced by more than 90 percent); the energy can be recovered and used for drying the sludge or generating electricity and supplying heat; can completely carbonize organic matters, kill pathogens and make sludge thoroughly harmless.
At present, the domestic mainstream sludge drying and incinerating power generation technology has the defects of high energy consumption, high drying cost, need of blending auxiliary fuel (coal or natural gas), consumption of national energy and the like. Now, a few domestic mainstream technologies and the defects thereof are simply introduced:
1. mechanical deep dehydration and fluidized bed incineration power generation technology.
1.1, brief introduction of the process:
sludge generated in the sewage treatment process is conveyed into a sludge treatment tank through a pump, conditioning agents (such as a medicament PAM, a flocculating agent, lime sawdust and the like) such as a stabilizing agent, a filter aid and a modifier are added, stirring treatment is carried out, the sludge and the medicament are fully reacted, the water content of the sludge is conditioned to be 95% ~ 97%, the sludge is conveyed into a sludge diaphragm filter press through the pump, dried sludge with the water content of about 55% is dried after filtering and squeezing, and the dry sludge mixed coal is incinerated and generated through a circulating fluidized bed boiler.
1.2, technical disadvantages:
the main disadvantages of this technique are: 1) in the sludge drying process, a plurality of conditioning agents such as a stabilizer, a filter aid, a modifier and the like are required to be added; 2) the dryness of the dried sludge is not enough, the water content is about 55 percent, and the pure combustion requirement cannot be met; 3) about 15% of the coal needs to be co-burned for mixed combustion, and national resources are consumed.
2. Steam drying dehydration and fluidized bed incineration power generation technology.
2.1, brief introduction of the process:
sludge produced in the sewage treatment process is conveyed into a sludge treatment tank through a pump, sludge with the water content of 80 percent obtained by primary dehydration in a sewage treatment plant is conveyed to a wet sludge storage bin through a plunger pump, the sludge is conveyed into a steam dryer by a screw conveyor, 0.5MPa (absolute pressure) is adopted, superheated steam with the temperature of 200 ℃ serves as drying heat media, a steam pipeline enters the dryer from a hollow shaft steam inlet of the dryer and a body C-shaped annular part steam inlet respectively to carry out indirect heat exchange drying on the sludge, the sludge with the water content of 45 percent can be dried (controllable), and dry sludge mixed coal is incinerated and generated through a circulating fluidized bed boiler.
2.2, technical disadvantages:
the main disadvantages of this technique are: 1) a large amount of latent heat of vaporization is consumed in the drying process; 2) about 0.75t of steam is consumed when 80% of moisture in each ton of wet sludge is dried to about 45%, and the drying cost is high; 3) about 15% of the fire coal needs to be mixed and burned, so that national resources are consumed; 4) the treatment cost of single ton of wet sludge with 80 percent of water is higher, which is about 200 yuan.
3. Drying tower and rotary kiln incineration technology.
3.1, brief introduction of the process:
the method comprises the steps of conveying 80% water content sludge subjected to primary dehydration in a sewage treatment plant into a sludge storage tank through a screw pump, conveying the sludge into a high-level sludge tank through a plunger pump, lifting the sludge through the screw pump, conveying the sludge into a spray drying tower, atomizing the sludge through a top nozzle, and then carrying out concurrent contact with high-temperature flue gas discharged from a secondary combustion chamber for drying, wherein the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas at an inlet is 600-700 ℃ in the drying process, the temperature of the waste gas discharged is about ~ 110 ℃ and 110 ℃, the water content of the sludge after drying is reduced from 80% to ~ 20%, and then directly feeding the sludge into a rotary kiln incinerator for incineration.
3.2, technical disadvantages:
the main disadvantages of this technique are: 1) a large amount of latent heat of vaporization is consumed in the drying process; 2) the sludge is not recycled after being burnt; 3) about 15% of fire coal or natural gas needs to be co-combusted for mixed combustion, so that national resources are consumed; 4) the treatment cost of single ton of wet sludge with 80 percent of water is higher, about 220 yuan.
From the above, the domestic mainstream sludge drying incineration power generation technology has the characteristics that the mechanical filter pressing dehydration and drying effect is common, the steam drying cost is higher, and a certain amount of auxiliary fuel such as coal or natural gas needs to be mixed and combusted during incineration.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides the sludge mixing and drying pure combustion power generation system with reasonable structural design and the working method thereof, which have the advantages of low energy consumption, high drying efficiency, low drying cost and no need of co-combustion of any auxiliary fuel.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the problems is as follows: the utility model provides a pure power generation system that burns of mud mixed mummification which characterized in that: the system comprises a concentrated sewage pool, a sludge screw pump, a plate-and-frame filter press, a belt conveyor, a sludge crusher, a semi-dry sludge bin, a screw conveyor I, a steam dryer, a screw conveyor II, a dry sludge storage bin, a weighing feeder, a fluidized bed furnace incineration system, an electrostatic dust collector, a limestone conveying system, an active carbon conveying system, a bag-type dust collector, an induced draft fan, a wet desulfurization tower, a wet electric dust collector and a chimney; the outlet of the concentrated sewage tank is connected with the inlet of the plate-and-frame filter press through a pipeline, and a sludge screw pump is arranged on the pipeline; the outlet of the plate-and-frame filter press is connected with the inlet of the sludge crusher through a belt conveyor; the outlet of the sludge crusher is connected with the inlet of the semi-dry sludge bin; an outlet of the half-dry sludge bin is connected with an inlet of the steam dryer through a first screw conveyor; the outlet of the steam dryer is connected with the inlet of the dry sludge storage bin through a second screw conveyor; the outlet of the dry sludge storage bin is connected with the inlet of the fluidized bed furnace incineration system through a weighing feeder; the flue gas outlet of the fluidized bed furnace incineration system is connected with the inlet of the electrostatic dust collector; the outlet of the electrostatic dust collector is connected with the inlet of the bag-type dust collector through a pipeline, and the pipeline is connected with a limestone conveying system and an active carbon conveying system; the outlet of the bag-type dust collector is connected with the inlet of the wet desulphurization tower through a draught fan; the outlet of the wet desulphurization tower is connected with the inlet of the wet electric dust collector; the outlet of the wet electric dust collector is connected with a chimney.
The chimney is a sleeve type chimney.
The second spiral conveyor is a shaftless spiral conveyor.
The steam dryer is a disc dryer.
The fluidized bed furnace incineration system is also connected with a steam dryer.
The working method of the sludge mixing drying pure combustion power generation system is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) conveying the sludge solution with the water content of 95 percent and ~ 97 percent of the sewage treatment plant to a concentrated sewage tank for storage, and adding chemicals for tempering;
(2) conveying sludge with the water content of 95% and ~ 97% and the water content of 97% in the concentrated sewage pool to a plate-and-frame filter press through a sludge screw pump, performing filter pressing and dehydration until the water content is 65%, then outputting the sludge to a sludge crusher through a belt conveyor, crushing, and temporarily storing the crushed sludge in a semi-dry sludge bin;
(3) conveying the sludge into a steam dryer for drying from an outlet of the semi-dry sludge bin by adopting a first screw conveyor until the water content is below 45%;
(4) conveying the sludge dried by the steam dryer to a dry sludge storage bin through a second screw conveyor for storage, and conveying the dry sludge in the dry sludge storage bin to a fluidized bed furnace incineration system through a weighing feeder for incineration;
(5) the flue gas of the incineration system of the fluidized bed furnace is dedusted by an electrostatic precipitator, and then is subjected to acid and odor removal by spraying limestone and activated carbon and enters a bag-type dust remover for further dedusting; the flue gas enters the wet desulphurization tower for desulphurization through the induced draft fan, the wet electric dust collector arranged at the outlet of the wet desulphurization tower further reduces the dust in the flue gas, and the treated clean flue gas is discharged out through the chimney.
In the step (1) of the invention, only PAM is added for tempering.
In the step (3), the low-grade calorific value of the dried sludge is 1000kcal/kg, and the condition of pure sludge burning of a fluidized bed furnace incineration system is met.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and effects:
1. the sludge drying process is advanced. The invention relates to a mechanical and steam combined drying and fluidized bed combustion power generation technology, which fully utilizes the advantages of good effect at the initial stage of mechanical filter pressing dehydration and controllable dryness of steam drying sludge to find a process design balance point, namely, wet sludge is subjected to mechanical filter pressing dehydration until the moisture content is about 65 percent, then sludge with the moisture content of about 65 percent is further dried until the moisture content is reduced to below 45 percent by utilizing heat energy steam generated by sludge combustion, so that the wet sludge is reduced to about 37 percent of the original volume, the heat value of the dehydrated dry sludge (45 percent of moisture) is about 1000kcal/kg (the absolute heat value of the initial sludge is 2300kcal/kg for example), and the condition of pure combustion sludge charging into a fluidized bed combustion boiler is met.
2. The sludge drying energy consumption loss is small, the drying energy consumption is low, in the initial stage of sludge dehydration, namely the stage of dehydrating the sewage with 95 percent of ~ 97 percent of moisture to the sludge with 65 percent of moisture, a mechanical filter pressing mode is adopted, the latent heat of vaporization is not consumed, the heat consumption is low, in the deep stage of sludge dehydration, namely the stage of drying the sludge with 65 percent of moisture to the sludge with less than 45 percent of moisture, a steam drying mode is adopted, the steam consumption of single ton of sludge with 80 percent of moisture is only about 0.24t, the energy consumption is greatly saved, and the drying cost is reduced.
3. Does not mix any auxiliary fuel such as coal, natural gas and the like. When the absolute dry low-grade calorific value of the sludge reaches 2300kcal/kg, the wet sludge is dried to 65 percent of moisture content through a machine and is dried to the moisture content of below 45 percent through a steam dryer, the sludge can be purely burned through a fluidized bed furnace to completely maintain the self-balance of sludge burning energy, no auxiliary fuel is required to be co-burned, and national resources are saved.
4. The single ton sludge treatment cost is low. The operation cost of single ton of 80% moisture sludge treatment can be as low as 63.05 yuan/ton, which is far lower than the operation cost of domestic current mainstream sludge drying and incinerating sludge treatment of 200 yuan/ton.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below by way of examples with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are illustrative of the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the embodiment of the invention comprises a concentrated sewage tank 1, a sludge screw pump 2, a plate-and-frame filter press 3, a belt conveyor 4, a sludge crusher 5, a semi-dry sludge bin 6, a screw conveyor I7, a steam dryer 8, a screw conveyor II 9, a dry sludge storage bin 10, a weighing feeder 11, a fluidized bed furnace incineration system 12, an electrostatic dust collector 13, a limestone conveying system 14, an activated carbon conveying system 15, a bag-type dust collector 16, an induced draft fan 17, a wet desulfurization tower 18, a wet electric dust collector 19 and a chimney 20.
The outlet of the concentrated sewage tank 1 is connected with the inlet of a plate-and-frame filter press 3 through a pipeline, and a sludge screw pump 2 is arranged on the pipeline; the outlet of the plate-and-frame filter press 3 is connected with the inlet of a sludge crusher 5 through a belt conveyor 4; the outlet of the sludge crusher 5 is connected with the inlet of the semi-dry sludge bin 6; an outlet of the semi-dry sludge bin 6 is connected with an inlet of a steam dryer 8 through a first screw conveyor 7; an outlet of the steam dryer 8 is connected with an inlet of a dry sludge storage bin 10 through a second screw conveyor 9; the outlet of the dry sludge storage bin 10 is connected with the inlet of a fluidized bed furnace incineration system 12 through a weighing feeder 11.
The flue gas outlet of the fluidized bed furnace incineration system 12 is connected with the inlet of the electrostatic dust collector 13; the outlet of the electrostatic dust collector 13 is connected with the inlet of a bag-type dust collector 16 through a pipeline, and the pipeline is connected with a limestone conveying system 14 and an active carbon conveying system 15; an outlet of the bag-type dust collector 16 is connected with an inlet of the wet desulphurization tower 18 through an induced draft fan 17; the outlet of the wet desulphurization tower 18 is connected with the inlet of a wet electric dust collector 19; the outlet of the wet electro precipitator 19 is connected to a stack 20.
The boiler incineration system 12 is also connected to the steam dryer 8 for providing steam to the steam dryer 8.
The chimney 20 is a sleeve type chimney.
The second screw conveyor 9 adopts a shaftless screw conveyor.
The steam dryer 8 adopts a disc type dryer, and the disc type dryer is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:
because the single-shaft disc combined hollow shaft is adopted for heat transfer, a can manufacturing process is introduced during the body manufacturing, the reliability of the body is improved, and the manufacturing cost is reduced.
(1) An air supply port is arranged, so that the tail gas emission is smoother, and the system load is reduced;
(2) the reliability is high, the continuous operation is good, the operation can be performed day and night, and the method is suitable for drying materials with large treatment capacity for a long time;
(3) the oxygen content, the temperature and the dust amount are low during operation, and the safety is good;
(4) the left surface and the right surface of each vertical disc transfer heat, so that the heat transfer area is large, the structure is compact, and the overall dimension is small;
(5) the auxiliary equipment is less, and the system is simple;
(6) the material in the drier has high water content, and in order to prevent the material from being bonded on the turnplate, a fixed longer scraper is arranged on the inner wall of the shell and extends into a gap between the turnplates to play roles in stirring and cleaning the turnplate surface;
(7) the low-temperature heat source is adopted for heating, so that the sludge on the disc cannot be overheated when the disc is stopped;
(8) the required auxiliary air is less, and tail gas treatment equipment is small;
(9) can be applied to a semi-drying process and a full-drying process;
(10) the cover on the upper part of the machine body can be completely opened, so that the maintenance is convenient;
(11) the maintenance is less, the continuous operation is good, the operation can be performed day and night, and the operation in 8000 hours every year is ensured;
(12) the emergency starting can be realized in a power failure state, and the operation is stable;
(13) the structure is firm and durable.
A working method of a sludge mixing drying pure combustion power generation system comprises the following steps:
(1) sludge solution with the water content of 95 percent and ~ 97 percent of the sewage treatment plant is conveyed to a concentrated sewage tank 1 by a sludge pump for storage, and only a medicament PAM is added for tempering, wherein the absolute dry mass ratio of the addition amount is about 1 per mill.
(2) Sludge with the water content of 95 percent and ~ 97 percent and the water content of 97 percent in the concentrated sewage tank 1 is conveyed to a plate-and-frame filter press 3 by a sludge screw pump 2 for filter pressing and dehydration, the sludge is output to a sludge crusher 5 for crushing by a belt conveyor 4 after being dehydrated to the water content of 65 percent, and the crushed sludge enters a semi-dry sludge bin 6 for temporary storage.
Chemical pretreatment is carried out on the sludge to break cell walls in the chemical tempering process of the chemical tempering, so that the internal moisture in the sludge is easy to separate out, the specific resistance of the sludge is reduced, and the sludge is easy to dehydrate. The common methods are as follows: lime treatment, acid treatment, alkali treatment, polymeric flocculant treatment and the like. The invention adopts high molecular PAM (polyacrylamide), has obvious effect, and the PAM is a water-soluble high polymer and belongs to polyelectrolyte. The operation effect of the filter press is improved by adding the chemicals, and the reason is that after the chemicals are added and modified, sludge forms larger floc and free water is easier to remove. Under the condition that other conditions are not changed, the proportion of the water removed by gravity in the sludge is increased, the solid content of the dewatered sludge cake is obviously increased, and the sludge can be efficiently dewatered to the sludge cake with the water content of about 65 percent.
(3) And conveying the sludge into a steam dryer 8 for drying from an outlet of the semi-dry sludge bin 6 by adopting a first screw conveyor 7 until the water content is below 45%, wherein the dried sludge has a basic low calorific value of 1000kcal/kg, and the pure sludge burning condition of a fluidized bed furnace incineration system is met.
The steam dryer 8 adopts superheated steam of 0.5MPa (absolute pressure) and 200 ℃ as drying heating media, the steam enters the dryer from a steam inlet of a hollow shaft of the dryer and a steam inlet of an annular part of a body respectively to carry out indirect heat exchange drying on sludge, the minimum steam consumption of each ton of wet sludge (the moisture content is dried from 65% to 45%) of the steam dryer 8 is about 0.42t, and the minimum steam consumption is about 0.24t, which is equivalent to the drying steam consumption of each ton of 80% moisture sludge. In order to prevent the water vapor evaporated in the drying process from dewing and improve the drying speed, air is used as carrier gas to reduce the partial pressure of the water vapor in the dryer and bring the water vapor out of the dryer in time. And tail gas (water vapor and air) generated in the sludge drying process is discharged out of the dryer through the induced draft fan, and the micro-negative pressure operation of the system is maintained. The extracted tail gas is subjected to two-stage treatment of dust removal and condensation, and the tail gas condensate enters a wastewater tank and is collected and then sent to a sewage treatment plant. Non-condensable gas (mainly air and a small amount of malodorous gas) is fed into the incinerator as primary air to be incinerated. The steam condensate water after heat exchange is collected in a concentrated mode through a condensate water tank and then conveyed to a deaerator through a drainage pump for recycling. The temperature of the dried sludge is about 90 ℃, and the dried sludge is cooled to be lower than 50 ℃ and then is conveyed to a boiler for combustion. And cooling the tail gas, the dry mud and the steam condensed water by using the cooling tower to recycle the cooling water.
(4) The sludge dried by the steam dryer 8 is conveyed to a dry sludge storage bin 10 for storage through a second screw conveyor 9, and the dry sludge in the dry sludge storage bin 10 is conveyed to a fluidized bed furnace incineration system 12 for incineration through a weighing feeder 11.
The combustion air of the fluidized bed combustion system 12 is divided into primary air and secondary air. The secondary fan is used for air suction and deodorization from the sludge storage. After being heated to 290 ℃ by an air preheater, primary air enters a combustion chamber from an air chamber at the bottom of a hearth to participate in combustion. After the secondary air is heated to 308 ℃ by an air preheater, the secondary air is divided into an upper layer and a lower layer by bilateral symmetry from the side wall of the hearth, and the upper layer and the lower layer are sent into the furnace for combustion in a grading way. In order to ensure that the fluidized bed can better adapt to the change of various working conditions, the front air duct of the secondary air inlet chamber is respectively provided with an adjusting valve so as to adapt to the air volume and the air pressure requirements of various working conditions.
High-temperature flue gas generated by sludge combustion carries a large amount of bed materials to be turned through the top of the furnace, and gas-solid separation is carried out through a high-temperature cyclone separator. Meanwhile, because the temperature of the region is about 850 ℃, the flue gas is better mixed, and the concentration of NOx can be reduced to 50mg/Nm by arranging the SNCR ammonia water injection point to inject ammonia water3The following. The separated flue gas containing a small amount of fly ash enters a horizontal flue and a vertical shaft behind the furnace, heat is released to a high-temperature superheater, a low-temperature superheater, an economizer and an air preheater which are arranged in the horizontal flue and the vertical shaft, the temperature of the flue gas is reduced to about 161 ℃, most of acid gas, heavy metal, dioxin and fine particles in the flue gas are removed by a flue gas purification device (a dust removal device, a desulfurization device and the like), and the flue gas is sent to a chimney by a draught fan and is discharged into the atmosphere.
(5) The flue gas of the fluidized bed furnace incineration system 12 is dedusted by an electrostatic precipitator 13, and then is subjected to acid and odor removal by spraying limestone and activated carbon and then enters a bag-type deduster 16 for further dedusting. The flue gas enters a wet desulphurization tower 18 through a draught fan 17 for desulphurization, a wet electric dust collector 19 arranged at the outlet of the wet desulphurization tower 18 further reduces dust in the flue gas, so that most of acid gas, heavy metal, dioxin and fine particles in the flue gas are removed, and the treated clean flue gas is discharged through a chimney 20.
The initial dust concentration at the outlet of the boiler is 51g/Nm3On the left and right sides, the flue gas dust removal considers the three-level dust removal mode of primary static electricity, a cloth bag and a wet electric dust remover. The system ensures that about 80 percent of ash is removed by the electrostatic dust collector 13, and the dust concentration of the bag-type dust collector 16 is 20mg/Nm3The dust concentration at the outlet 13 of the wet electric dust collector is 5mg/Nm3The following. The dry ash collected in the ash storehouse under the electrostatic precipitator 13 is conveyed in two ways: one path is directly conveyed into an ash tank car by a scraper conveyor for outward transportation, and the other path can be conveyed to an ash warehouse for temporary storage by a pneumatic ash conveying system. The dry ash collected by the bag-type dust collector 16 is intensively conveyed to an ash storehouse for temporary storage by a pneumatic ash conveying system.
By adopting limestone-gypsum wet desulphurization and soda alkali liquor desulphurization processes, SO at the outlet of the chimney can be ensured2The content is 35mg/Nm3The following.
The invention takes daily treatment of 2000t/d wet sludge (80 percent of water content) and absolute dry heat value of the sludge of 2300kcal/kg as an example, and the main technical and economic indexes are as follows:
in addition, it should be noted that the specific embodiments described in the present specification may be different in the components, the shapes of the components, the names of the components, and the like, and the above description is only an illustration of the structure of the present invention. Equivalent or simple changes in the structure, characteristics and principles of the invention are included in the protection scope of the patent. Various modifications, additions and substitutions for the specific embodiments described may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the accompanying claims.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides a pure power generation system that burns of mud mixed mummification which characterized in that: the system comprises a concentrated sewage pool, a sludge screw pump, a plate-and-frame filter press, a belt conveyor, a sludge crusher, a semi-dry sludge bin, a screw conveyor I, a steam dryer, a screw conveyor II, a dry sludge storage bin, a weighing feeder, a fluidized bed furnace incineration system, an electrostatic dust collector, a limestone conveying system, an active carbon conveying system, a bag-type dust collector, an induced draft fan, a wet desulfurization tower, a wet electric dust collector and a chimney; the outlet of the concentrated sewage tank is connected with the inlet of the plate-and-frame filter press through a pipeline, and a sludge screw pump is arranged on the pipeline; the outlet of the plate-and-frame filter press is connected with the inlet of the sludge crusher through a belt conveyor; the outlet of the sludge crusher is connected with the inlet of the semi-dry sludge bin; an outlet of the half-dry sludge bin is connected with an inlet of the steam dryer through a first screw conveyor; the outlet of the steam dryer is connected with the inlet of the dry sludge storage bin through a second screw conveyor; the outlet of the dry sludge storage bin is connected with the inlet of the fluidized bed furnace incineration system through a weighing feeder; the flue gas outlet of the fluidized bed furnace incineration system is connected with the inlet of the electrostatic dust collector; the outlet of the electrostatic dust collector is connected with the inlet of the bag-type dust collector through a pipeline, and the pipeline is connected with a limestone conveying system and an active carbon conveying system; the outlet of the bag-type dust collector is connected with the inlet of the wet desulphurization tower through a draught fan; the outlet of the wet desulphurization tower is connected with the inlet of the wet electric dust collector; the outlet of the wet electric dust collector is connected with a chimney.
2. The sludge mixed drying pure combustion power generation system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the chimney is a sleeve chimney.
3. The sludge mixed drying pure combustion power generation system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and the second spiral conveyor is a shaftless spiral conveyor.
4. The sludge mixed drying pure combustion power generation system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the steam dryer is a disc dryer.
5. The sludge mixed drying pure combustion power generation system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the fluidized bed furnace incineration system is also connected with a steam dryer.
6. The working method of the sludge mixed drying pure combustion power generation system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, which is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) conveying the sludge solution with the water content of 95 percent and ~ 97 percent of the sewage treatment plant to a concentrated sewage tank for storage, and adding chemicals for tempering;
(2) conveying sludge with the water content of 95% and ~ 97% and the water content of 97% in the concentrated sewage pool to a plate-and-frame filter press through a sludge screw pump, performing filter pressing and dehydration until the water content is 65%, then outputting the sludge to a sludge crusher through a belt conveyor, crushing, and temporarily storing the crushed sludge in a semi-dry sludge bin;
(3) conveying the sludge into a steam dryer for drying from an outlet of the semi-dry sludge bin by adopting a first screw conveyor until the water content is below 45%;
(4) conveying the sludge dried by the steam dryer to a dry sludge storage bin through a second screw conveyor for storage, and conveying the dry sludge in the dry sludge storage bin to a fluidized bed furnace incineration system through a weighing feeder for incineration;
(5) the flue gas of the incineration system of the fluidized bed furnace is dedusted by an electrostatic precipitator, and then is subjected to acid and odor removal by spraying limestone and activated carbon and enters a bag-type dust remover for further dedusting; the flue gas enters the wet desulphurization tower for desulphurization through the induced draft fan, the wet electric dust collector arranged at the outlet of the wet desulphurization tower further reduces the dust in the flue gas, and the treated clean flue gas is discharged out through the chimney.
7. The working method of the sludge mixing drying pure combustion power generation system according to claim 6, characterized in that: in the step (1), only PAM is added for tempering.
8. The working method of the sludge mixing drying pure combustion power generation system according to claim 6, characterized in that: in the step (3), the low-grade calorific value of the dried sludge is 1000kcal/kg, and the condition of pure sludge burning of a fluidized bed furnace incineration system is met.
CN201910892922.0A 2019-09-20 2019-09-20 Sludge mixing drying pure combustion power generation system and working method thereof Pending CN110606648A (en)

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CN114893780A (en) * 2022-06-14 2022-08-12 上海市政工程设计研究总院（集团）有限公司 Combined feeding system for sludge incineration and sludge incineration method

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