CN2136968Y - Focusing automatic tracking solar water heater - Google Patents

Focusing automatic tracking solar water heater Download PDF

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Publication number
CN2136968Y
CN2136968Y CN92208657U CN92208657U CN2136968Y CN 2136968 Y CN2136968 Y CN 2136968Y CN 92208657 U CN92208657 U CN 92208657U CN 92208657 U CN92208657 U CN 92208657U CN 2136968 Y CN2136968 Y CN 2136968Y
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China
Prior art keywords
receiver
heat collector
tracking
water heater
motor
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN92208657U
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Chinese (zh)
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刘振中
刘中杰
侯广荣
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Individual
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Individual
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/47—Mountings or tracking

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Abstract

The utility model belongs to a device for providing hot water by generating the heat energy by solar energy, composed of a receiver, a heat collector, a drive mechanism, a tracking controller, a heat-insulating water tank, a support frame and pipelines. The focusing automatic tracking solar water heater is characterized in that the integral glass rotating parabolic lens receiver and the horn collector are adopted; a three-dimensional tracking system is adopted, and the mechanical part of the tracking system adopts two sets of screw drive mechanisms; a tracking control system adopting a light-sensitive device is divided into two groups respectively to detect and amplify the sun light and control a motor to realize a four-direction seeking track of east, west, up and down orientations. The focusing automatic tracking solar water heater which is suitable for providing the hot water used for shower and heating has the advantages of high light absorptivity, high heat efficiency, small heat loss, long service life, small size, light weight, and convenient installation and maintenance.

Description

Focusing automatic tracking solar water heater
A kind of hot water apparatus that provides that solar energy is converted into heat energy is provided the utility model.
Disclosed similar all kind solar water heaters in known domestic this technical field, all be by formations such as heat collector (flat, closing-sunning type, electron tubes type etc.), attemperater, circulation line, supports, its objective is that heat collector absorbs the heat of sunshine, and pass to pipeline, by pipeline cold water is heated, be transported to attemperater people are provided hot water for shower bath.Finish application target though above-mentioned technology can reach, also have following deficiency:
No matter 1, the thermal-arrest mode of above-mentioned technology is flat, closing-sunning type, or electron tubes type, all belong to the heat energy that directly absorbs sunshine, because shining, parallel rays has diversity, so the absorptivity of light is relatively poor, the thermal efficiency is lower.
2, the heat collector that all technology adopted all belong to fixed, just at noon during the sun vertical irradiation thermal efficiency higher, if sun deflection certain angle, the thermal efficiency descends.
3, the heat collector that all technology adopted, it is bigger influenced by seasonal temperature, so can't use during winter.
The purpose of this utility model provides a kind of improved solar water heater, utilizes reflect focalization monoblock type rotation parabolic lens receiver and ox horn heat collector, and is furnished with automatic three-dimensional tracking system, with the cold water heating, constantly provides hot water.
For achieving the above object, the utility model has adopted integral glass rotation parabolic lens receiver (1) and ox horn heat collector (2) in system; And be installed on the support plate (39) by support (41) and trunnion axis (40), between axle (40) and the support plate (39) bearing is housed, parabolic lens (1) is rotated around horizontal axis (40) together with ox horn heat collector (2); Support plate (39) firmly is connected with supporting plate (44), and adopts bolt to be connected on the vertical shaft (28); Vertical shaft (28) two ends are equipped with bearing, and vertical shaft (28) can be rotated around column (26).Signal is sent by tracking system (20) control servomotor (35), (51) rotation in photosensor (4), (6), and by screw-drive mechanism, control receiver (1) and heat collector (2) rotate around axle (28) and axle (40), realize following the tracks of the sun.
The cold water of carrying by pipeline (10) constantly is heated through heat collector, and constantly is transported to attemperater (11) by pipeline (3), and (18) are connected with interior conduit by the road constantly provides hot water.
The utility model has compared to existing technology:
1, adopts reflect focalization integral glass rotation parabolic lens receiver and ox horn heat collector, improved the absorptivity and the thermal efficiency.
2, use the three-dimensional automatic tracking system, prolonged the time of light direct projection minute surface receiver, improved the temperature of water, prolonged service time, all can use throughout the year.
3, this solar water heater not only can provide shower water, but also can warm oneself.
4, adopt light-sensitive device, divide two groups, respectively the sun is carried out east, west and the position search of upper and lower four directions and follow the tracks of, thereby realize except that the cloudy day, rain, the power failure, turn round with sun synchronization all the time.Be characterized in: when the cloudy day, when raining, device stops, behind the fine day, again can be from the motion tracking sun, and can after electricity is sent in power failure, from the motion tracking sun, stop at dusk, return automatically when the sun was raised to certain altitude in second day.
5, this solar water heater volume is little, in light weight, installation and maintenance convenient.
The drawing explanation of accompanying drawing:
Figure (1) is a structural representation of the present utility model;
Figure (2) is the screw-drive mechanism schematic diagram;
Figure (3) is recipient, collector system schematic diagram;
Figure (4) is the tracking control unit circuit theory diagrams;
Figure (5) is the axial schematic cross section of photosensitive detector.
The utility model embodiment in conjunction with the accompanying drawings is described in further detail:
Fig. 1 has described solar water heater, the rotation parabolic lens receiver (1) that it has glass material to make, ox horn heat collector (2) and photosensor (4) are installed on it, and the lower end of ox horn heat collector (2) links to each other with cold water pipe (10), and the upper end links to each other with heat pipe (3); Receiver (1) links to each other with trunnion axis (40) by support (41), and can rotate around horizontal axis; Two support plates are equipped with bearing on (39), and trunnion axis (40) is rotated thereon, and photosensor (6) is housed on the right support plate (39); Trunnion axis (40) right-hand member is riveted on movable rod (9) on this axle by rivet (8), and vertical spin transmission mechanism (24) is installed on the support plate (39); Supporting plate (44) and movable rod (30) are installed in the upper end of vertical axis (28), and bearing is equipped with at column (26) two ends rotates vertical axis (28) thereon, and lock with locknut (27), and column (26) is supported by support (25); Support (29) is welded on the column (26), and support movable cover (33) links to each other with motor (35) by U type frame (37), chuck (36) and screw (38) simultaneously; When sunlight is arranged, photosensor (6) sends signal, when making motor (35) rotation by lead (7), tracking control unit (20), lead (23), be connected with chuck (34) between motor shaft and the screw rod (32), when motor (35) rotates, swivel nut (31) moves along screw rod (32), thereby by movable rod (30) receiver (1) is rotated around column (26), realizes three-dimensional the tracking; Cold water constantly is heated by heat collector (2), is transported to attemperater (11) by pipeline (3), again by pipeline (17), threeway (16), discharges hot water from pipeline (18); (13) be water storage box, constantly replenish cold water by pipeline (14), (15); (12) be test window, attemperater is installed on the framework (19), and lead (21) is the power line of tracking control unit.
Fig. 2 has described the structure of vertical spin transmission mechanism, lead (22) is the control line of control motor (51) rotation, when motor rotates, by chuck (53), bearing pin (54) screw rod (57) is rotated, swivel nut (58) moves along screw rod (57), by bearing pin (59), U-shaped frame (42), connecting rod (9), bearing pin (8) drive trunnion axis (40) and rotate, thereby drive receiver, the upper and lower swing of heat collector; Support (45) welds together with support plate (39), supporting plate (44), be connected with support movable cover (55) by U-shaped frame (46), bearing pin (56), be used for connecting motor shaft by U-shaped frame (47), screw (49), chuck (50) fixed electrical machinery (51), screw (48) again; (43) be the bearing ring washer.Its flat spin transmission mechanism is consistent with the vertical spin transmission mechanism.
Fig. 3: reflect focalization principle during by smooth parabolic minute surface according to parallel rays, the integral glass rotation parabolic lens receiver of making (1), with the reflection light by focusing on the ox horn heat collector (2), the ox horn heat collector is installed in the focus place, the light of reflection is all absorbed, reflex to the top of the horn portion by the heat collector inner surface again, make light be difficult for scattering and disappearing, improve the thermal efficiency.The inner chamber of ox horn heat collector is made with copper material, and outer wall is made of sheet metal, forms a complete closed shape chamber, water constantly is heated therein, form vapours from pipeline (3) output, the ox horn heat collector is outside heat insulation with non-metallic insulation material, makes it reduce heat loss.
Tracking control unit circuit theory that Fig. 4 has described two-way (Ru Dong, west).Its each components and parts title acts on as follows:
BG 1, BG 2--phototransistor is detecting element;
W 1, W 2--adjustable potentiometer, adjust A, B point current potential;
BG 1, BG 2, K 1, K 2, W 1, W 2The Compositional balance electric bridge by comparing A, B point current potential height, is avoided circuit oscillation;
D 1D 2--commutation diode plays buffer action simultaneously;
C 4--filter capacitor;
R 3, R 4--current-limiting resistance;
C 1, C 2--electrochemical capacitor prevents to disturb;
BG 3, BG 5, BG 4, BG 6--transistor, play the signal amplification;
R 5, R 6, R 7, R 8--biasing resistor;
J 1, J 2--DC relay;
D 3D 4--afterflow protection diode;
QD--full-bridge rectification piece;
C 3--filter capacitor;
R 9--divider resistance
The WD--Zener diode
The D--servomotor is executive component;
C 5--the shift capacitor of motor D;
B 1--power transformer.
Its operation principle is as follows:
When BG is arrived in illumination 1The time, BG 1Be low-resistance, BG 2In the shade, BG 2Be high resistant, A point current potential is higher than B point current potential, both U A＞U B, BG 3, BG 5Conducting, relay J 1Adhesive, motor D just (east) are changeed; When BG is arrived in illumination 2The time, BG 2Be low-resistance, BG 1In the shade, BG is high resistant, and B point current potential is higher than A point current potential, both U B＞U A, BG 4, BG 6Conducting, relay J 2Adhesive, motor D anti-(west) is changeed, and works as BG 1, BG 2U during simultaneously in the shade and illumination A=U B, J 1, J 2All not adhesives, motor D is motionless.
With the same scheme circuit of Fig. 4, both can realize other two to (upper and lower) tracking control, power transformer can totally one, no longer describes in detail here.
Fig. 5 is one of native system critical component--the axial schematic cross section of photosensitive detector.When sunray and photochopper over against the time, photosensitive part BG 1, BG 2All in the shade, motor D is motionless; When the sun during in F, G position, BG 2On the sunny side, BG 1In the shade, driven by motor device and detector just change; When going to F, G position, light again with photochopper over against, photosensitive part BG then 1, BG 2Be in the shade position again, the motor D stall.When the sun during in H, I position, BG 1On the sunny side, BG 2In the shade, driven by motor device and detector counter-rotating.When going to H, I position, light again with photochopper over against, photosensitive part BG then 1, BG 2Be in the shade position again, the motor D stall.
East, west are followed the tracks of and detector shown in Figure 5 is all adopted in upper and lower tracking, and 150 ° of East and West direction following ranges surpass 150 ° and adopt the light shield mode to make the device stall.90 ° of easier realizations of upper and lower following range.

Claims (2)

1, a kind of solar water heater, receiver, ox horn heat collector, screw-drive mechanism, tracking control unit, attemperater, support, pipeline formation are housed on it, it is characterized in that: on support (25), be equipped with and around the rotation parabolic lens receiver (1) of trunnion axis, vertical axis rotation the parallel rays total reflection focused on; Connecting an ox horn heat collector (2) by pipeline (10), this heat collector is installed in the focus place of focusing, reception, the collecting system formed, motor (35,51) is installed on U-shaped frame (37,47), drive screw (32,57) rotates respectively, drive vertical axis (28), trunnion axis (40) rotation by swivel nut (31,58), movable rod (9,30), formed two cover screw-drive mechanisms of tracking system mechanical part, by BG 1, BG 2The photosensitive detector and the BG that constitute 3, BG 5, BG 4, BG 6Signal amplifying circuit and the relay J formed 1, J 2Motor D constitutes the electric control circuit of tracking system jointly.
2, by the described a kind of solar water heater of claim 1, it is characterized in that: receiver (1) is made by glass material, and makes monoblock type; Ox horn heat collector (2) is by inner bag (61), shell (62), non-metallic insulation material (60) and import and export pipeline (10,3) constitute, two motors (35,51) difference drive screw (32,57) rotate, make swivel nut (31,58) at screw rod (32,57) upward move, thereby drive movable rod (9,30) swing, make vertical axis (28), trunnion axis (40) rotates, two photosensitive tube symmetries are installed in the photochopper both sides, can receive optical signal in 150 ° of scopes respectively, thereby realize that receiver (1) is follow the tracks of sun running in a big way always, by BG 1, BG 2, R 1, R 2, W 1, W 2Form electric bridge, relatively 2 current potential height of A, B pass through BG 3, BG 5, BG 4, BG 6The signal amplifying circuit of forming makes J 1Or J 2Adhesive, the motor D forward or reverse realizes that parabolic lens receiver (1) horizontally rotates, and in like manner, can realize vertical rotation.
CN92208657U 1992-04-30 1992-04-30 Focusing automatic tracking solar water heater Expired - Fee Related CN2136968Y (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN92208657U CN2136968Y (en) 1992-04-30 1992-04-30 Focusing automatic tracking solar water heater

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN92208657U CN2136968Y (en) 1992-04-30 1992-04-30 Focusing automatic tracking solar water heater

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CN2136968Y true CN2136968Y (en) 1993-06-23

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CN92208657U Expired - Fee Related CN2136968Y (en) 1992-04-30 1992-04-30 Focusing automatic tracking solar water heater

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100360873C (en) * 2003-12-11 2008-01-09 常殿林 Light follower
CN102437222A (en) * 2011-12-06 2012-05-02 深圳市联讯创新工场科技开发有限公司 Solar photo-thermal power generation system
CN103423888A (en) * 2013-09-09 2013-12-04 李万红 Movable motor base for sunlight axis tracker
CN104832897A (en) * 2015-05-18 2015-08-12 深圳市易精制衣设备有限公司 Steam compensation system

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100360873C (en) * 2003-12-11 2008-01-09 常殿林 Light follower
CN102437222A (en) * 2011-12-06 2012-05-02 深圳市联讯创新工场科技开发有限公司 Solar photo-thermal power generation system
WO2013083050A1 (en) * 2011-12-06 2013-06-13 Sun Haixiang Solar thermal power generation system
CN102437222B (en) * 2011-12-06 2015-05-20 深圳市联讯创新工场科技开发有限公司 Solar photo-thermal power generation system
CN103423888A (en) * 2013-09-09 2013-12-04 李万红 Movable motor base for sunlight axis tracker
CN103423888B (en) * 2013-09-09 2015-04-22 宁波市科技园区绿牌软包装技术贸易有限公司 Movable motor base for sunlight axis tracker
CN104832897A (en) * 2015-05-18 2015-08-12 深圳市易精制衣设备有限公司 Steam compensation system

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