CN213692125U - Fuel cell monitoring system - Google Patents
Fuel cell monitoring system Download PDFInfo
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- CN213692125U CN213692125U CN202023117230.6U CN202023117230U CN213692125U CN 213692125 U CN213692125 U CN 213692125U CN 202023117230 U CN202023117230 U CN 202023117230U CN 213692125 U CN213692125 U CN 213692125U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
The invention provides a fuel cell monitoring system, which comprises a current detection unit for detecting the output current of a fuel cell stack, a first gas pressure detection unit for detecting the first inlet pressure of a cathode gas supply pipeline, a flow detection unit for detecting the reaction inlet flow of the first reaction gas required by the cathode gas supply pipeline, a control unit and an inlet regulation unit for supplying the second reaction gas according to the second inlet pressure. The control unit is electrically connected with the current detection unit, the first gas pressure detection unit and the flow detection unit, determines the standard intake flow required by the cathode gas supply pipeline according to the output current, judges the difference between the standard intake flow and the reaction intake flow, and determines the second intake pressure of the anode gas supply pipeline of the fuel cell stack according to the first intake pressure when the difference is within a first standard range.
Description
[ technical field ] A method for producing a semiconductor device
The present invention relates to a fuel cell control technique, and more particularly, to a fuel cell monitoring system for controlling power generation of a fuel cell by controlling an intake pressure.
[ background of the invention ]
With the progress of industrial development, the convenience of human life is driven. However, due to the advancement of technology, environmental pollution is caused, and the environment changes due to warming. The main cause of global warming is that the emitted carbon dioxide causes a global warming effect. In view of this, reduction of greenhouse gases is a global concern.
There are many causes of carbon dioxide generation, one of which is the generation of greenhouse gases caused by the combustion of coal in thermal power generation. In order to solve the problem, all countries in the world push clean energy sources, and the traditional power generation mode using coal is hoped to be replaced. Clean energy sources are of many types, for example: wind power generation, solar power generation, hydroelectric power generation, fuel cell power generation, and the like. Compared with the traditional power generation type, the fuel cell directly converts the chemical energy of the fuel into the electric energy without combustion and mechanical procedures, and has the advantages of high energy efficiency and low (zero) exhaust emission.
However, in the prior art, since water is generated at the cathode side when the fuel cell stack performs an electrochemical reaction, if the reaction process is not properly processed or monitored, the excessive water in the reaction may generate water droplets to block the flow channels for supplying gas. In addition, the control coordination between the pressure values between the hydrogen side and the air side between the fuel cell stack and the system of the fuel cell system is poor, so that the fuel cell stack is physically damaged, and the stable water balance is lost.
Even if excessive water removal on the hydrogen recycle side of the fuel cell stack in a fuel cell system can be achieved by active removal (e.g., hydrogen recycle pump) and passive removal (e.g., ejector, etc.), the discharged liquid water is collected into a water tank, and a discharge valve is provided on the water tank to discharge excessive liquid water to the outside of the hydrogen recycle side of the fuel cell stack; when the drain valve is opened, the excess water in the flow channel of the hydrogen side can be effectively drained and accumulated to the water tank, but when the liquid water is drained from the water tank and the drain valve is closed, a little hydrogen gas is also drained to the outside. Therefore, the discharge process of the discharge valve causes unnecessary waste of hydrogen, and inevitably causes a short reduction in the cell voltage in the fuel cell stack, so that the total operating voltage is somewhat floated, which affects the electric operability.
Therefore, how to maintain the pressure difference between the hydrogen side and the air side and effectively adjust the amount of liquid water generated inside the fuel cell stack by improving the coordination between the hydrogen pressure and the air pressure of the fuel cell stack in the fuel cell system under the control of an external system is an important issue in the current development of fuel cells.
[ Utility model ] content
The present creation provides a fuel cell monitoring system, based on the operating stability of the fuel cell stack, needs to satisfy the pressure difference value of the hydrogen side and the air side of the fuel cell stack in the fuel cell system, the output air quality of the air compressor and the required air reaction amount of the fuel cell stack at the same time to reach the voltage power of the fuel cell stack that is stabilized by dynamic balance operation.
This creation provides a fuel cell monitoring system, in an embodiment, this creation only needs the state through surveying the negative pole air feed, can effectually promote the fuel cell system to the hydrogen pressure between the fuel cell pile and the harmony between the air pressure, solve inside through the external system control down of fuel cell pile, maintain the pressure differential between hydrogen side and air side, and effectively adjust the inside water yield that generates liquid water, avoid causing the physics nature because the fuel cell pile damages, and cause the problem that loses stable water balance to take place.
The present creation provides a fuel cell monitoring system, it is that the positive pole of proton exchange membrane both sides in fuel cell need form a pressure differential with the negative pole simultaneously for excessive water can not be because of pressure by the infiltration of cathode side anode side, and the hydrogen pressure of positive pole is greater than the air pressure of negative pole, solves the situation that unnecessary water can produce the drop of water and make the runner of supply gas block.
Since the fuel cell stack is under different operating conditions, the pressure difference between the hydrogen side and the air side varies greatly depending on the operation in the fuel cell system. When the variation in the air pressure value is severe, the reference value of hydrogen is also difficult to control. Therefore, the operating pressure value of the hydrogen side in the fuel cell system is based on the pressure value of the air plus a pressure difference value as a reference, so that the problems that the background pressure value during the conveying of the hydrogen and the air in the fuel cell system and the rotating speed of the air compressor change and the air compressor changes due to the adjustment of the required reaction air quality during the conveying can be solved, and the pressure between the hydrogen and the air is changed violently and unstably.
In another embodiment, the present disclosure provides a fuel cell monitoring system for monitoring a fuel cell stack, the fuel cell monitoring system including an inlet adjusting unit, a current detecting unit, a first gas pressure detecting unit, a flow detecting unit and a control unit. Wherein, the fuel cell stack is connected with an anode gas supply pipeline of the fuel cell stack. The current detecting unit is used for detecting an output current of the fuel cell stack. The first gas pressure detecting unit is connected to a cathode gas supply line of the fuel cell stack and is configured to detect a first inlet gas pressure of the cathode gas supply line. The flow detecting unit is used for detecting a rotating speed of an air compressor which supplies a first reaction gas required by the cathode gas supply pipeline. The control unit is electrically connected with the current detection unit, the first gas pressure detection unit and the flow detection unit, determines a standard intake flow required by the cathode gas supply pipeline according to the output current, determines a reaction intake flow required by the cathode gas supply pipeline according to the rotating speed, and judges the difference between the standard intake flow and the reaction intake flow, and when the difference is within a first standard range, the control unit determines a second intake pressure of an anode gas supply pipeline of the fuel cell stack according to the first intake pressure.
The specific techniques employed in the present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples and accompanying drawings.
[ description of the drawings ]
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the fuel cell monitoring system of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of the fuel cell gas pressure control method of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the fuel cell monitoring system of the present creation.
Description of the main element symbols:
3 fuel cell monitoring system
30 fuel cell stack
300 fuel cell unit
300a anode
300b cathode
31 intake air adjusting unit
310 elastic element
311 screw rod
313 fluid passage port
314 valve
315 elastic element
32 current detection unit
33 first gas pressure detecting unit
34 flow detecting unit
35 control unit
36 air compressor
37 second gas pressure detecting unit
380 anode gas supply pipeline
381 cathode gas supply line
90 first reaction gas
91 second reactive gas
4 fuel cell gas pressure control method
40-45 method steps
[ detailed description ] embodiments
Various exemplary embodiments may be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which some exemplary embodiments are shown. The present authoring concept may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the exemplary embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these exemplary embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the inventive concept to those skilled in the art. Like numbers refer to like elements throughout. The following embodiments are described with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Please refer to fig. 1, which is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a fuel cell monitoring system of the present invention. In the present embodiment, the fuel cell monitoring system 3 includes a fuel cell stack 30, an intake air adjusting unit 31, a current detecting unit 32, a first gas pressure detecting unit 33, a flow rate detecting unit 34, and a control unit 35. The fuel cell stack 30 in this embodiment is a hydrogen fuel cell. The cathode side C supplies a first reaction gas 90, such as: oxygen, or air, and the anode side a supplies a second reactant gas 91, such as: hydrogen gas. The fuel cell stack 30 is composed of a plurality of fuel cells 300, each fuel cell 300 has an anode 300a and a cathode 300b, and the structure of the fuel cell stack 30 is not described herein.
The inlet adjusting unit 31 is connected to the anode gas supply line 380 of the fuel cell stack 30, and the inlet adjusting unit 31 is an active gas pressure control valve in one embodiment, and is electrically connected to the control unit 35 for adjusting the amount of the second reactant gas 91 entering the fuel cell stack 30 according to the control signal of the control unit 35, so as to adjust the inlet pressure of the second reactant gas 91. In another embodiment, the inlet adjusting unit 31 may be a passive gas pressure control valve body, which is opened or closed according to the gas pressure difference between the first reactive gas 90 and the second reactive gas 91. That is, when the inlet pressure of the first reaction gas 90 is greater than the inlet pressure of the second reaction gas, the inlet adjustment unit 31 is opened, and when the inlet pressure of the second reaction gas 91 is greater than the inlet pressure of the first reaction gas 90 by a certain range, the inlet adjustment unit 31 is closed. The current detecting unit 32 is electrically connected to the fuel cell stack 30 for detecting the output current of the fuel cell stack 30. In addition, the current detecting unit 32 is electrically connected to the control unit 35 to transmit the detected signal related to the output current to the control unit 35.
The first gas pressure detecting unit 33 is connected to the cathode gas supply line 381 of the fuel cell stack 30 for detecting a first inlet gas pressure of the cathode gas supply line 381 with respect to the first reactant 90. In this embodiment, the first reactive gas 90 is air. The first gas pressure detecting unit 33 is further electrically connected to the control unit 35 to transmit the detected signal about the first intake pressure to the control unit 35.
The flow rate detecting unit 34 is used for detecting the flow rate of the first reaction gas required for supplying the cathode gas supply line 381. In one embodiment, the flow detection unit 34 directly detects the actual inlet flow of the first reactant gas 90 into the cathode gas supply line 38. In another embodiment, the flow rate detecting unit 34 detects the rotation speed of the air compressor 36 supplying the first reactant gas 90, such as the rotation speed of a motor, and determines the actual flow rate of the first reactant gas 90 entering the cathode gas supply line 381 according to the rotation speed. In another embodiment, the flow rate detecting unit 34 can also transmit the signal related to the rotation speed to the control unit 35, and the control unit 35 can calculate the actual reaction gas flow rate entering the cathode gas supply line 381.
Further, the fuel cell monitoring system 3 further comprises a second gas pressure detecting unit 37 for detecting an actual inlet gas pressure of the second reactant gas 91 in the anode gas supply line 380 and transmitting a signal related to the actual inlet gas pressure to the control unit 35. The control unit 35 is electrically connected to the gas inlet adjusting unit 31, the current detecting unit 32, the first gas pressure detecting unit 33 and the flow rate detecting unit 34, and the control unit 35 adjusts and controls the pressure relationship between the first and second reactive gases 90 and 91 according to the information returned by each unit.
Please refer to fig. 2, which is a schematic flow chart illustrating an embodiment of a fuel cell gas pressure control method according to the present invention. In the flow of the fuel cell gas pressure control method 4, step 40 is first performed to provide the fuel cell monitoring system 3 as shown in fig. 1. Next, step 41 is performed to start the fuel cell reaction, measure the output current generated by the reaction of the fuel cell stack 30 by the current detecting unit 32, and transmit the information to the control unit 35. Then, in step 42, the control unit 35 determines the standard inlet air flow rate required by the cathode air supply line 381 of the fuel cell stack 30 according to the output current. The relationship between the current and the standard intake air flow rate C1 is shown by the following equation (1):
C1＝a+bIn+cI(n+1)+...,a,b,c,...＝Constant...(1)
in equation (1), C1 represents the standard inlet flow rate of the first reactant gas, I represents the output current, and n represents the power. The number of terms of equation (1) and a, b, c, and n are user-determined. The method for determining the standard intake air flow rate C1 based on the electric current is described below. First, in step 420, the relationship between the mass of oxygen consumed in air and the current can be deduced according to the electrochemical reaction of the membrane electrode assembly in the fuel cell stack, which is well known to those skilled in the art and will not be described herein. Next, step 421 is performed, since C1 in the formula of equation (1) is the reaction mass required by air for performing the electrochemical reaction and is in a curve relation with the current. The variation of the curve can be adjusted according to the type and number of the fuel cell stacks, so that when the required conditions of the fuel cell stacks are determined, the corresponding constants in the curve equation are calculated, for example: constant values for a, b, c are also determined. Therefore, the state of the equation of equation (1) can be determined by the relationship obtained in step 420 and the equation constants obtained in step 421 and obtained for different fuel cell stacks.
After step 42, step 43 is performed to measure the reaction gas inflow rate of the first reaction gas 90 required by the cathode gas supply line 380 by the flow rate detection unit 34. In one embodiment of step 43, the rotation speed of the air compressor 36 supplying the first reactive gas can be detected by the flow rate detecting unit 34, and then the reactive gas flow rate C2 of the first reactive gas 90 can be determined according to the rotation speed. The determination of the reactant gas flow rate C2 can be calculated by the following equation (2):
C2＝d+eDn+fD(n+1)+...,d,e,f,...＝Constant...(2)
in equation (2), C2 represents the actual reactant gas flow rate of the first reactant gas entering the cathode inlet line 380, D represents the speed of the air compressor, and n represents the power. The number of terms of equation (2) and a, b, c, and n are user-determined. The following description determines the manner in which a relationship between a mass air flow and a motor speed is established in advance based on the operation of the air compressor package. Therefore, when the air compressor is operated, an output mass flow rate value is corresponded to a rotation speed value, and thus the above equation (2) is formed in the relation, and the relation is measured. The constant values d, e, f of equation (2) are also determined in equation (2) at the same time according to the air compressor selected by the user.
After the control unit 35 obtains the standard gas flow rate C1 obtained in step 42 and the reaction gas flow rate C2 obtained in step 43, step 44 is performed to compare the difference between the standard intake air flow rate C1 and the reaction intake air flow rate C2, and when the difference between the standard intake air flow rate C1 and the reaction intake air flow rate C2 is within a first standard range, the first standard range in this embodiment is [ (C2-C1)/C1 ] x 100% ≦ Cd, Cd is 5-20%, and the first gas Pressure (PA) of the cathode gas supply line 381 is measured by the first gas pressure detecting unit 33. The main objective of step 44 is to make the voltage and electric power output of the fuel cell stack stable because the operation speed of the air compressor is required to meet the air throughput required by the electrochemical reaction, and the air mass flow rate required under the load of the fuel cell stack and the air mass flow rate generated by the air compressor are required to approach within a range, and when the load operation of the fuel cell stack is performed by using the formula (1) as a reference and the formula (2) as a reference, the operation error and the error value generated between the fluid pipelines are considered, and the operation error range of the formula is within 5-20%. It should be noted that the error range may be determined according to the requirement, and is not limited to 5-20%.
The control unit then proceeds to step 45 to determine a second inlet air Pressure (PH) of the anode air supply line 380 of the fuel cell stack based on the first inlet air Pressure (PA). In this step 44, the relationship between the first intake air Pressure (PA) and the second intake air Pressure (PH) is as shown in equation (3):
[(PH-PA)/PA]x100％≦D,D＝5～20％...(3)
after determining the second intake Pressure (PH) according to equation (3), the control unit 35 detects whether the pressure difference between the actual gas pressure PM2 of the anode gas supply line 380 and the second intake Pressure (PH) falls within the second standard range according to the second gas pressure detection unit 37. In this embodiment, the second standard range is 5-20% of the second intake air Pressure (PH). If not, the control unit 35 controls or controls the intake air adjusting unit 31 with reference to the first intake air pressure to adjust the flow rate of the second reaction gas 91 required to enter the anode gas supply line 380 such that the pressure difference between the actual intake air pressure PM2 of the anode gas supply line 380 and the second intake air Pressure (PH) is within the second standard range. In another control mode, as shown in fig. 3, the intake air adjusting unit 31 is a biased pneumatic valve body, which is a passive air pressure adjusting valve. That is, the biased pneumatic valve is driven to operate by the combination of the first inlet pressure generated by the first reactive gas 91 and the elastic elements 310 and 315, so as to form a pressure difference with the second inlet pressure of the second reactive gas 91. Such a valve body is externally applied with force, for example: the screw 311 of fig. 3 is biased by a combination of the spring 310 and the first inlet pressure of the first reactant gas 91, and the valve 314 is controlled to open the fluid passage port 313, so that the second reactant gas 91 can enter the fuel cell stack 30 through the valve body, and thus the second inlet pressure can be controlled according to the first inlet pressure without being controlled by the control unit 35.
It should be noted that if the pressure on the hydrogen side is greater than the pressure on the air side during the operation of the fuel cell stack, the back diffusion of excessive liquid water from the air side to the outside of the hydrogen side can be avoided, and the hydration phenomenon in the electrochemical reaction of the fuel cell stack can be synchronously utilized to smoothly bring the water on the hydrogen side to the air side during the hydrogen ion transfer process, so that the two diffusion mechanisms in different directions can reach a dynamic balance. Therefore, the spirit of the present invention is to let the second reaction gas 91, for example: the Pressure (PH) of the hydrogen gas is determined by the first reactive gas 90, for example: the air Pressure (PA), as a reference pressure, may be adjusted by the intake air regulating unit 31 to form a pressure difference. The pressure difference range is set to be the second air inlet Pressure (PH), namely, the hydrogen pressure, which is larger than the first air inlet Pressure (PA), namely, the air pressure, and the control range of the difference value is 5-20% of the first air inlet pressure through control, so as to effectively adjust the water amount of the liquid water generated inside, avoid physical damage caused by the fuel cell stack, and avoid the problem of losing stable water balance.
Although the embodiments of the present disclosure have been described above, it should be understood that various changes in the form, construction, features, methods and quantities described in the claims may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure, and therefore the scope of the present disclosure should not be limited by the claims appended hereto.
Claims (5)
1. A fuel cell monitoring system for monitoring a fuel cell stack, the fuel cell monitoring system comprising:
a current detecting unit for detecting an output current of the fuel cell stack;
the first gas pressure detection unit is connected with a cathode gas supply pipeline of the fuel cell stack and used for detecting a first gas inlet pressure of the cathode gas supply pipeline;
a flow rate detecting unit for detecting a reaction gas inflow rate of a first reaction gas required for supplying the cathode gas supply line;
a control unit electrically connected to the current detection unit, the first gas pressure detection unit and the flow detection unit, wherein the control unit determines a standard intake air flow rate required by the cathode gas supply line according to the output current, and determines a difference between the standard intake air flow rate and the reaction intake air flow rate, and when the difference is within a first standard range, the control unit determines a second intake pressure of an anode gas supply line of the fuel cell stack according to the first intake pressure; and
and the air inlet adjusting unit is connected with the anode air supply pipeline of the fuel cell stack and supplies a second reaction gas according to the second air inlet pressure.
2. The fuel cell monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein when the control unit determines that the difference is not within the first standard range, the control unit controls a rotation speed of an air compressor such that the difference between the standard intake air flow rate and the reaction intake air flow rate is within the first standard range.
3. The fuel cell monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the second intake air pressure is greater than the first intake air pressure, and the difference between the second intake air pressure and the first intake air pressure is controlled within a range of 5-20% of the first intake air pressure.
4. The fuel cell monitoring system of claim 1, further comprising a second gas pressure detection unit for detecting an actual inlet gas pressure of the anode gas supply line.
5. The fuel cell monitoring system of claim 4, further comprising an inlet gas regulating unit coupled to the anode gas supply line of the fuel cell stack, wherein the inlet gas regulating unit regulates the second reactant gas such that the actual inlet gas pressure differs from the second inlet gas pressure by a value within a second standard range when the actual inlet gas pressure differs from the second inlet gas pressure by a value not within the second standard range.
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| CN202023117230.6U CN213692125U (en) | 2020-12-22 | 2020-12-22 | Fuel cell monitoring system |
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| CN202023117230.6U CN213692125U (en) | 2020-12-22 | 2020-12-22 | Fuel cell monitoring system |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114520352A (en) * | 2022-01-10 | 2022-05-20 | 江苏氢导智能装备有限公司 | Gas pressure control device and electric pile test platform |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114520352A (en) * | 2022-01-10 | 2022-05-20 | 江苏氢导智能装备有限公司 | Gas pressure control device and electric pile test platform |
| CN114520352B (en) * | 2022-01-10 | 2024-02-23 | 江苏氢导智能装备有限公司 | Gas pressure control device and electric pile test platform |
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