CN213690119U - Optical pupil expanding waveguide sheet and display device - Google Patents
Optical pupil expanding waveguide sheet and display device Download PDFInfo
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- CN213690119U CN213690119U CN202023044680.7U CN202023044680U CN213690119U CN 213690119 U CN213690119 U CN 213690119U CN 202023044680 U CN202023044680 U CN 202023044680U CN 213690119 U CN213690119 U CN 213690119U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an optics pupil expanding waveguide piece, including the waveguide substrate, and set up be used for the coupling-in region of image light coupling-in and be used for the warp on the waveguide substrate the coupling-out region of the image light coupling-out of coupling-in region, the coupling-in region is including the two-dimensional grating element that forms grating vector G1 and grating vector G2, the coupling-out region is including the one-dimensional grating element that forms grating vector G3, wherein, grating vector G1 grating vector G2 grating vector G3 three vector sum is zero. The utility model also discloses a display device, including foretell optics pupil expanding waveguide piece. By the structure, the coupling-out area can watch the full-field image; the structure is simple, the preparation and the processing are easy, and the batch production can be realized; meanwhile, the coupling-in area is conducted in a two-dimensional symmetrical mode, and the view field angle can be enlarged.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a show technical field, especially relate to an optics pupil expanding waveguide piece and display device.
Background
An Augmented Reality (AR) technology is a new technology for seamlessly integrating real world information and virtual world information, which not only displays the real world information, but also displays the virtual information at the same time, and the two kinds of information are mutually supplemented and superposed. In visual augmented reality, a user can see a virtual image in the real world by re-synthesizing the real world and a computer graphic together using a head-mounted display.
In the mainstream scheme, a display screen with high transparency is provided in front of the user so that the user can continue to see the physical world. The display screen typically employs a diffractive optical waveguide and a micro-projector light engine is provided on one side. Light from the micro-projector is coupled into the waveguide via the nanostructures. The light rays of which the coupling light rays meet the total reflection condition are conducted by total reflection in the waveguide. And finally exits the waveguide by the outcoupling nanostructure. Since the light width of the micro-projector is only in millimeter order, the field expansion and exit pupil expansion need to be implemented in the lateral and longitudinal directions to satisfy the out-coupling transmission of light in a large area.
US 2016/0231568 discloses a device with a planar waveguide, which has three structures on the surface, i.e. an incoupling grating, a turning grating and an outcoupling grating, however, after the incident light is diffracted by the incoupling grating, only the + 1 order or-1 order single direction diffracted light can be utilized and conducted, resulting in insufficient field expansion.
CN 111175881 a discloses a device, which is provided with a planar waveguide, as shown in fig. 1, the surface of which has two grating structures, the first grating structure is a one-dimensional grating element, and the second grating structure is a two-dimensional grating element, wherein the first grating is only used for coupling light of the micro-projection optical machine, and does not act on the expansion of the field of view and the exit pupil; the second grating accepts diffracted light from the first grating, and the second grating effects simultaneous expansion of the transverse and longitudinal fields of view and the exit pupil. However, the second grating is also used as the human eye observation area, so the front end area of the second grating is needed to complete the pupil expansion, and the human eye can form the "eaves" 11 shielding effect when observing in this area, and cannot completely observe the view field image.
The foregoing description is provided for general background information and is not admitted to be prior art.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of the present invention is to provide an optical pupil-expanding waveguide sheet and a display device that can expand the field angle.
The utility model provides an optics pupil expanding waveguide piece, including the waveguide substrate, and set up be used for the coupling-in region of image light incoupling and be used for the warp on the waveguide substrate the coupling-out region of the image light outcoupling of coupling-in region, the coupling-in region is including the two-dimensional grating element that forms grating vector G1 and grating vector G2, the coupling-out region is including the one-dimensional grating element that forms grating vector G3, wherein, grating vector G1 grating vector G2 grating vector G3 three vector sum is zero.
In one embodiment, the grating vectors G1 and G2 of the two-dimensional grating elements have an included angle in the range of 90-160.
In one embodiment, the included angle is 120 °.
In one embodiment, a plurality of the two-dimensional grating elements are arranged in a certain periodic array to form a two-dimensional grating array, and the period range of the two-dimensional grating array is 200nm-600 nm.
In one embodiment, the period is 420 nm.
In one embodiment, the grating depth of the one-dimensional grating elements is gradually increased in a direction away from the coupling-in region.
In one embodiment, the refractive index range of the waveguide substrate is not less than 1.4, and the thickness of the waveguide substrate is not more than 2 mm.
In one embodiment, the coupling-out region, the coupling-in region are disposed on a surface of the waveguide substrate or embedded in the waveguide substrate and the waveguide substrate.
The utility model also provides a display device, including two optics pupil waveguide pieces and spectacle frame, the spectacle frame is fixed two optics pupil waveguide piece, optics pupil waveguide piece is foretell optics pupil waveguide piece.
In one embodiment, the spectacle frame comprises two legs, the coupling-in area of the optical pupil expanding waveguide being hidden in the legs.
The utility model provides an optics pupil expanding waveguide piece, through the coupling region is including the two-dimensional grating element that forms grating vector G1 and grating vector G2, the coupling region is including the one-dimensional grating element that forms grating vector G3, wherein, grating vector G1 grating vector G2 grating vector G3 three vector sum is zero for the coupling region all can be observed the full view field image; the structure is simple, the preparation and the processing are easy, and the batch production can be realized; meanwhile, the coupling-in area is conducted in a two-dimensional symmetrical mode, and the view field angle can be enlarged.
Compared with the technical scheme of the one-dimensional grating in the coupling-in area and the two-dimensional grating in the coupling-out area, the eave shielding effect caused by the fact that the pupil needs to be expanded longitudinally and transversely in the coupling-out area is avoided, and the view field image cannot be observed completely.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a planar waveguide in the prior art;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of an optical pupil-expanding waveguide plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a vector diagram of an optical path adopted by an optical pupil-expanding waveguide sheet according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of light transmission in the coupling-in area according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a simulation of the light transmission shown in FIG. 4
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, an optical pupil-expanding waveguide sheet according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a waveguide substrate 21, and a coupling-in region 22 disposed on the waveguide substrate 21 for coupling-in image light and a coupling-out region 23 for coupling-out image light via the coupling-in region 22. The coupling-in region 22 includes two-dimensional grating elements forming a grating vector G1 and a grating vector G2, and the coupling-out region 23 includes one-dimensional grating elements forming a grating vector G3, and the vector sum of the grating vector G1, the grating vector G2 and the grating vector G3 is zero.
The waveguide substrate 21 has high transmittance in the visible light band; the thickness of the waveguide substrate 21 is not more than 2 mm; the refractive index of the waveguide substrate 21 is not less than 1.4, and the larger the refractive index, the larger the limit of supported field angle (FOV). Preferably, the refractive index of the waveguide substrate 21 is 1.8.
The coupling-in region 22 and the coupling-out region 23 may be provided on the surface of the same side as the waveguide substrate 21, or may be embedded in the waveguide substrate 21 integrally with the waveguide substrate 21.
In the present embodiment, the coupling-in region 22 and the coupling-out region 23 may be provided on the surface of the waveguide substrate 21 on the same side. The incoupling region 22 comprises a plurality of two-dimensional grating elements and the outcoupling region 23 comprises a plurality of one-dimensional grating elements.
In the coupling-in region 22, a plurality of two-dimensional grating elements are arranged in a periodic array to form a two-dimensional grating array. The two-dimensional grating element may be one of cylindrical, conical, truncated cone, triangular pyramid or other polygonal shape.
The period of the two-dimensional grating array is in the range of 200nm-600nm, preferably the period is 420 nm. The grating vectors G1 and G2 of the two-dimensional grating array are angled in the range of 90-160. Preferably, the included angle is 120 °.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the image light transmission of the coupling-in region 22, in which the direction of the arrows in the coupling-in region 22 indicates the main light propagation direction. Image light is incident to a certain position of the coupling-in area 22 and is diffracted by the two-dimensional grating array structure of the coupling-in area 22 to generate multi-directional diffracted light including diffracted light parallel to grating vectors G1 and G2 and diffracted light parallel to bisectors of grating vectors G1 and G2; the diffraction angles of the diffracted lights meet the condition of total internal reflection of the waveguide substrate 21, the diffracted lights continue to propagate in the waveguide substrate 21 to the two-dimensional grating elements in the coupling-in area 22 while being totally reflected in the waveguide substrate 21, then diffracted lights parallel to grating vectors G1 and G2 and diffracted lights parallel to bisectors of grating vectors G1 and G2 are continuously generated, and in this cycle, image lights are conducted to cover the whole coupling-in area 22, so that the longitudinal field of view is expanded; when the guided image light is guided in the waveguide substrate 21 to the non-structure region (i.e. the region without the grating structure, specifically, the region between the coupling-in region 22 and the coupling-out region 23 on the waveguide substrate 21), the guided image light is totally reflected in the waveguide to the coupling-out region 23 according to the total reflection condition of the waveguide, and interacts with the one-dimensional grating element in the coupling-out region 23, a part of the light exits from the coupling-out region 23, and a part of the light continues to be totally reflected and propagates to the one-dimensional grating element in the next coupling-out region 23.
Fig. 5 is a simulation diagram of the light transmission of the image shown in fig. 4. Taking the refractive index of the waveguide substrate 21 as 1.8, the period of the two-dimensional array as 420nm, and the included angle between grating vectors G1 and G2 of the two-dimensional grating array as 120 °, when the incident angle of the image light is 0 ° and the incident azimuth angle is 0 °, according to the two-dimensional grating array vector diffraction calculation method, the effective diffraction angle calculated is 67.9 °, the diffraction light with the azimuth angles including 210 °, 270 °, and 330 °, and the azimuth angle of 210 ° continues to propagate in the waveguide substrate 21 to the two-dimensional grating element of the incoupling area 22, and continues to generate effective diffraction light, the diffraction angle is 67.9 °, and the diffraction azimuth angle is still parallel to the grating vector direction and the directions of bisectors of grating vectors G1 and G2. The 270 deg. diffracted light propagates within the waveguide substrate 21 to the two-dimensional grating elements of the incoupling regions 22, producing effectively diffracted light, also at a diffraction angle of 67.9 deg., the diffraction azimuth angle still being parallel to the direction of the grating vector and to the bisectors of the grating vectors G1 and G2. In this way, the image light can be transmitted to the entire coupling-in region 22 by being incident at a certain position of the coupling-in region 22, thereby extending the longitudinal field of view.
In the coupling-out region 23, in order to achieve an efficiency equalization of the exit pupil range of the coupling-out region 23, the grating depths of the plurality of one-dimensional grating elements are gradually deepened in a direction away from the coupling-in region 22, thereby achieving a gradual change in the exit pupil range efficiency.
The utility model discloses an optics pupil expanding waveguide piece is through satisfying grating vector G1, G2 and G3 three vector sum that two-dimensional grating element, one-dimensional grating element formed and for zero, realizes that image light conduction in-process angle does not have skew and colourity does not have the skew.
The principle of the optical pupil expanding waveguide sheet is as follows: the image light is incident on a certain position of the coupling-in area 22, and is diffracted by the two-dimensional grating array of the coupling-in area 22 to generate multi-directional diffracted light including diffracted light parallel to grating vectors G1 and G2 and diffracted light parallel to bisectors of grating vectors G1 and G2; the diffraction angle of the diffracted light meets the condition of total internal reflection of the waveguide substrate 21, the diffracted light continues to propagate to the two-dimensional grating array of the coupling-in area 22 in the waveguide substrate 21 while being totally reflected in the waveguide substrate 21, and then light parallel to grating vectors G1 and G2 and light parallel to bisectors of grating vectors G1 and G2 are continuously generated, and in this way, image light conduction covers the whole coupling-in area 22, and longitudinal field expansion is realized; when the transmitted image light is transmitted to the non-structure region (i.e. the region without the grating structure, specifically the region between the coupling-in region 22 and the coupling-out region 23 on the waveguide substrate 21) outside the coupling-in region 22 in the waveguide substrate 21, the image light is totally reflected in the waveguide substrate 21 to the coupling-out region 23 according to the total reflection condition of the waveguide substrate 21, diffracted by the one-dimensional grating element of the coupling-out region 23, transmitted and emitted by the partial image light, and continuously transmitted along the original total reflection direction, so as to realize the transverse field expansion and exit pupil.
Referring to fig. 6, the present invention further provides a display device, which includes two optical pupil-expanding waveguide sheets 2 and a spectacle frame 3, wherein the spectacle frame 3 fixes the two optical pupil-expanding waveguide sheets 2, and the optical pupil-expanding waveguide sheet 2 is the above-mentioned optical pupil-expanding waveguide sheet 2.
The spectacle frame 3 comprises two legs 31, and the coupling-in area 22 of the optical pupil-expanding waveguide is hidden in the legs 31. Thus, the display device can be downsized, and at the same time, the image light can be prevented from being interfered by the external environment, and the human eye 4 can be ensured to be always opposed to the coupling-out region 23.
In use, image light may be incident on the coupling-in region 22 from the temple 31 and expanded through the optical pupil-expanding waveguide 1 to couple the image light out of the waveguide substrate 21 towards the human eye 4 of the user, the human eye 4 being located in the coupling-out region 23 of the optical pupil-expanding waveguide, so that a full field image may be observed.
In the drawings, the size and relative sizes of layers and regions may be exaggerated for clarity. It will be understood that when an element such as a layer, region or substrate is referred to as being "formed on," "disposed on" or "located on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being "directly formed on" or "directly disposed on" another element, there are no intervening elements present.
In this document, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms can be understood in a specific case to those of ordinary skill in the art.
In this document, the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "vertical", "horizontal", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the sake of clarity and convenience of description of the technical solutions, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
As used herein, the ordinal adjectives "first", "second", etc., used to describe an element are merely to distinguish between similar elements and do not imply that the elements so described must be in a given sequence, either temporally, spatially, in ranking, or in any other manner.
As used herein, the meaning of "a plurality" or "a plurality" is two or more unless otherwise specified.
As used herein, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, including not only those elements listed, but also other elements not expressly listed.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. An optical extended pupil waveguide plate, comprising a waveguide substrate, and disposed on the waveguide substrate, a coupling-in region for coupling-in of image light and a coupling-out region for coupling-out of image light via the coupling-in region, the coupling-in region comprising two-dimensional grating elements forming a grating vector G1 and a grating vector G2, and the coupling-out region comprising one-dimensional grating elements forming a grating vector G3, wherein the vector sum of the grating vector G1, the grating vector G2 and the grating vector G3 is zero.
2. The optical pupil-expanding waveguide of claim 1 wherein the grating vectors G1 and G2 of the two-dimensional grating elements are angled in the range of 90 ° to 160 °.
3. The optical pupil-expanding waveguide of claim 2 wherein the included angle is 120 °.
4. The optical pupil-expanding waveguide of claim 1 wherein a plurality of said two-dimensional grating elements are arranged in a periodic array to form a two-dimensional grating array, said two-dimensional grating array having a period in the range of 200nm to 600 nm.
5. The optical pupil-expanding waveguide of claim 4 wherein the period is 420 nm.
6. The optical pupil-expanding waveguide of claim 1 wherein a grating depth of the plurality of one-dimensional grating elements gradually increases in a direction away from the coupling-in region.
7. The optical pupil-expanding waveguide of claim 1 wherein the refractive index of the waveguide substrate is not less than 1.4 and the waveguide substrate thickness is not greater than 2 mm.
8. The optical pupil-expanding waveguide of any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the coupling-in region and the coupling-out region are disposed on a surface of the waveguide substrate or embedded in the waveguide substrate and integrated therewith.
9. A display device comprising two optical pupil-expanding waveguide sheets and a spectacle frame, wherein the spectacle frame fixes the two optical pupil-expanding waveguide sheets, and the optical pupil-expanding waveguide sheet is the optical pupil-expanding waveguide sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. The display apparatus of claim 9, wherein the spectacle frame comprises two legs, the coupling-in region of the optical pupil expanding waveguide being hidden in the legs.
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| CN202023044680.7U CN213690119U (en) | 2020-12-17 | 2020-12-17 | Optical pupil expanding waveguide sheet and display device |
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| CN202023044680.7U CN213690119U (en) | 2020-12-17 | 2020-12-17 | Optical pupil expanding waveguide sheet and display device |
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| CN113504607A (en) * | 2021-09-09 | 2021-10-15 | 泉州市德源轴承实业有限公司 | Glass frame structure based on diffraction light waveguide and processing method thereof |
| CN114545549A (en) * | 2022-01-13 | 2022-05-27 | 嘉兴驭光光电科技有限公司 | Optical waveguide device for diffraction display and display apparatus |
| CN114647082A (en) * | 2022-04-02 | 2022-06-21 | 深圳市光舟半导体技术有限公司 | Pupil expanding device, binocular display method and image display method |
| CN114839779A (en) * | 2022-05-24 | 2022-08-02 | 歌尔光学科技有限公司 | Optical waveguide structure, optical module and head-mounted display equipment |
| CN114966947A (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2022-08-30 | 深圳七泽技术合伙企业(有限合伙) | Large-area display device, vehicle head-up display equipment and virtual image display method |
| WO2023123920A1 (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2023-07-06 | 歌尔光学科技有限公司 | Optical transmission structure and head-mounted display device |
| WO2024087733A1 (en) * | 2022-10-25 | 2024-05-02 | 歌尔光学科技有限公司 | Light guide device and wearable device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113504607A (en) * | 2021-09-09 | 2021-10-15 | 泉州市德源轴承实业有限公司 | Glass frame structure based on diffraction light waveguide and processing method thereof |
| WO2023123920A1 (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2023-07-06 | 歌尔光学科技有限公司 | Optical transmission structure and head-mounted display device |
| CN114545549A (en) * | 2022-01-13 | 2022-05-27 | 嘉兴驭光光电科技有限公司 | Optical waveguide device for diffraction display and display apparatus |
| WO2023134670A1 (en) * | 2022-01-13 | 2023-07-20 | 嘉兴驭光光电科技有限公司 | Optical waveguide apparatus for diffraction display, and display device |
| CN114647082A (en) * | 2022-04-02 | 2022-06-21 | 深圳市光舟半导体技术有限公司 | Pupil expanding device, binocular display method and image display method |
| CN114839779A (en) * | 2022-05-24 | 2022-08-02 | 歌尔光学科技有限公司 | Optical waveguide structure, optical module and head-mounted display equipment |
| CN114839779B (en) * | 2022-05-24 | 2023-06-30 | 歌尔光学科技有限公司 | Optical waveguide structure, optical module and head-mounted display device |
| WO2023226142A1 (en) * | 2022-05-24 | 2023-11-30 | 歌尔光学科技有限公司 | Optical waveguide structure, optical module, and head-mounted display device |
| CN114966947A (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2022-08-30 | 深圳七泽技术合伙企业(有限合伙) | Large-area display device, vehicle head-up display equipment and virtual image display method |
| CN114966947B (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2024-01-16 | 深圳七泽技术合伙企业(有限合伙) | Large-area display device, vehicle head-up display equipment and virtual image display method |
| WO2024087733A1 (en) * | 2022-10-25 | 2024-05-02 | 歌尔光学科技有限公司 | Light guide device and wearable device |
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