CN213675870U - Fireproof composite structure - Google Patents
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- CN213675870U CN213675870U CN202020985696.9U CN202020985696U CN213675870U CN 213675870 U CN213675870 U CN 213675870U CN 202020985696 U CN202020985696 U CN 202020985696U CN 213675870 U CN213675870 U CN 213675870U
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 108
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000004114 Ammonium polyphosphate Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000019826 ammonium polyphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 229920001276 ammonium polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 229910001593 boehmite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 4
- FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxidooxidoaluminium Chemical compound O[Al]=O FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 239000012796 inorganic flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 4
- ZQKXQUJXLSSJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine cyanurate Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1.O=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)N1 ZQKXQUJXLSSJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- XSAOTYCWGCRGCP-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminum;diethylphosphinate Chemical compound [Al+3].CCP([O-])(=O)CC.CCP([O-])(=O)CC.CCP([O-])(=O)CC XSAOTYCWGCRGCP-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000426 Microplastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000388 Polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- DQXBYHZEEUGOBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-3-enoic acid;ethene Chemical compound C=C.OC(=O)CC=C DQXBYHZEEUGOBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009863 impact test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001205 polyphosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011176 polyphosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- REBHQKBZDKXDMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M [PH2]([O-])=O.C(C)[Al+]CC Chemical compound [PH2]([O-])=O.C(C)[Al+]CC REBHQKBZDKXDMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003915 liquefied petroleum gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
A fire-resistant composite structure comprising: at least one fire-resistant layer comprising an organic material and an inorganic fire-retardant material; and at least one support layer in direct contact with the at least one flame resistant layer, wherein the flame resistant layer has a first thickness T1, the support layer has a second thickness T2, T1/T2 is in the range of 1.5 to 20.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to fire-resistant structures, and more particularly to multi-layer fire-resistant composite structures.
Background
Among the fire prevention countermeasures, the use of building materials having a fire-proof structure is selected as one of the effective countermeasures. The fire protection principle is that the fire protection structure contained in the building material can not burn immediately when contacting with flame, and the burning time can be delayed, thereby protecting the building material. When a fire occurs, if the building material used by the building with the fire is a building material with a fire-proof structure, the speed and the range of fire spreading can be reduced, and the escape time and the escape space can be increased.
In the selection of the material of the fireproof structure, inorganic materials such as metal plates, glass or ceramics are mainly used as the fireproof layer. However, if inorganic materials are used as the fire-retardant layer, some problems to be overcome are faced, such as poor elasticity in manufacturing process, difficulty in applying to curved surface, or easy crack generation at high temperature. Therefore, in recent years, a composite material of an organic material and an inorganic material has also been selected as a material of the fire-retardant layer to overcome the foregoing problems, such as the organic/inorganic composite fire-retardant material disclosed in chinese patent No. 200909566. However, although the mixed material of the organic polymer and the inorganic flame retardant can achieve the flame retardant (flame retardant) effect, the composite material is difficult to achieve the flame retardant (flame retardant) effect because the organic polymer is easy to cause structural collapse due to expansion and extrusion after combustion. Therefore, how to increase the physical strength of a fire-proof structure using an organic polymer as a main material is one of important issues.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
Some embodiments of the present creation provide a fire-resistant composite structure. The fire-resistant composite structure includes at least one fire-resistant layer comprising an organic material and an inorganic fire-retardant material, and at least one support layer in direct contact with the at least one fire-resistant layer. Wherein the fire-blocking layer has a first thickness T1, the support layer has a second thickness T2, and T1/T2 is in the range of 1.5 to 20.
In some embodiments, the fire-resistant composite structure is a two-layer structure, and includes a support layer having an upper surface and a lower surface, and a fire-resistant layer attached to the upper surface or the lower surface of the support layer.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the fire-resistant composite structure is a three-layer structure, and includes a supporting layer having an upper surface and a lower surface, and two fire-resistant layers respectively attached to the upper surface and the lower surface of the supporting layer.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the fire-resistant composite structure is a three-layer structure, and includes a fire-resistant layer having an upper surface and a lower surface, and two support layers attached to the upper surface and the lower surface of the fire-resistant layer, respectively.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the organic material included in the fire-resistant composite structure includes Ethylene Vinyl Acetate (EVA) or Polyamide (PA).
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the fire-resistant composite structure comprises an organic material that is a single-component organic material.
In some embodiments of the present creation, the fire-resistant composite structure comprises an inorganic fire-retardant material comprising Aluminum hydroxide (ATH), magnesium hydroxide (MDH), Boehmite (ALOOH or Boehmite), ammonium polyphosphate (APP), Melamine polyphosphate (MPP), Melamine Cyanurate (MCA), Aluminum Diethylphosphinate (ADP), or combinations thereof.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the fire-resistant composite structure comprises a support layer comprising glass fibers, metal mesh, carbon fibers, cotton, non-woven fabric, or a combination thereof.
In some embodiments of the present creation, the fire-resistant composite structure is a building partition, a fire door, a smoke-shielding roller shutter, or an electronic partition and housing.
In some embodiments of the present creation, the fire-resistant composite structure has a fire rating of UL 94V-0.
Drawings
The present inventive embodiments will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, in accordance with standard practice in the industry, the various features are not drawn to scale and are merely illustrative. In fact, the dimensions of the components may be arbitrarily increased or reduced to clearly illustrate the features of the embodiments of the present invention.
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an exemplary fire-blocking composite structure, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an exemplary fire-blocking composite structure, according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of an exemplary fire-blocking composite structure, according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
Various embodiments or examples are provided below in which reference to a first feature being formed on a second feature in the description may include embodiments in which the first and second features are formed in direct contact, and may also include embodiments in which additional features are formed between the first and second features such that the first and second features are not in direct contact. In addition, the authoring embodiment may use repeated reference numerals in many instances. These repetitions are merely for simplicity and clarity and do not represent a particular relationship between the various embodiments and/or configurations discussed.
Spatially relative terms such as "above," "below," "above … …," "below … …," and encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. When the device is rotated to other orientations (rotated 90 degrees or otherwise), the spatially relative descriptors used herein should be interpreted as such with respect to the rotated orientation.
As used herein, the term "about", "about" or "substantially" generally means within 20%, preferably within 10%, and more preferably within 5%, or within 3%, or within 2%, or within 1%, or within 0.5% of a given value or range. It should be noted that the amounts provided in the specification are approximate amounts, i.e., the meanings of "about", "about" and "about" may be implied without specific recitation of "about", "about" and "about".
Referring to fig. 1, a cross-sectional view of a fire-resistant composite structure 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. The fire-resistant composite structure 100 includes a first fire-resistant layer 102 and a first support layer 104, wherein the first fire-resistant layer 102 includes an organic material and an inorganic fire-retardant material. In some embodiments, the first flame resistant layer 102 has an upper surface and a lower surface, and the first support layer 104 is attached to the upper surface or the lower surface of the first flame resistant layer 102. In the present embodiment, the first support layer 104 may increase the physical strength of the fire-proof composite structure, so that the fire-proof composite structure is not easily collapsed after combustion.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, the first flame resistant layer 102 has a first thickness T1, the first support layer 104 has a second thickness T2, and the first thickness T1 is greater than the second thickness T2. In some embodiments, the ratio T1/T2 of the first thickness T1 to the second thickness T2 is in the range of 1.5 to 20, preferably in the range of 2 to 10. If T1/T2<1.5, the fire-resistant composite structure will not provide sufficient fire-resistant effect, and if T1/T2>20, the physical properties of the support layer will be difficult to function, and may cause difficulty in application due to excessive thickness of the whole. The ranges of the first thickness T1 and the second thickness T2 are not particularly limited and may be adjusted according to practical applications, but generally T1 is in the range of 0.2mm to 3mm, and T2 is in the range of 0.1mm to 1 mm.
In some embodiments, the material of the first support layer 104 may comprise, for example, glass fibers, metal mesh (e.g., stainless steel mesh), carbon fibers, cotton, non-woven fabric, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the organic material included in the first flame retardant layer 102 may include Ethylene Vinyl Acetate (EVA) or Polyamide (PA), and is a single-component organic material, and the inorganic flame retardant included in the first flame retardant layer 102 may include aluminum hydroxide (ATH), magnesium hydroxide (MDH), ammonium polyphosphate (APP), or a combination thereof.
Referring to fig. 2, a cross-sectional view of a fire-resistant composite structure 200 according to another embodiment of the present invention is shown. In this embodiment, the flame resistant composite structure 200 includes a first flame resistant layer 102, a first support layer 104, and a second flame resistant layer 106. The first support layer 104 has an upper surface and a lower surface, and the first flame retardant layer 102 and the second flame retardant layer 106 are respectively attached to the upper surface and the lower surface of the first support layer 104. In the present embodiment, the first support layer 104 may increase the physical strength of the fire-proof composite structure, so that the fire-proof composite structure is not easily collapsed after combustion.
In some embodiments, the second flame resistant layer 106 in the flame resistant composite structure 200 may comprise a different material than the first flame resistant layer 102. In some embodiments, the ratio of the thickness of the second flame resistant layer 106 to the thickness of the first support layer 104 is in the range of 1.5 to 20, preferably in the range of 2 to 10. In some embodiments, the ratio of the thickness of the first flame resistant layer 102 to the thickness of the first support layer 104 is in the range of 1.5 to 20, preferably in the range of 2 to 10. In some embodiments, the thickness of the second flame resistant layer 106 may be different than the thickness of the first flame resistant layer 102.
Referring to FIG. 3, a cross-sectional view of a fire-resistant composite structure 300 according to yet another embodiment of the present invention is shown. In this embodiment, fire-blocking composite structure 300 includes a first fire-blocking layer 102, a first support layer 104, and a second support layer 108. The first flame retardant layer 102 has an upper surface and a lower surface, and the first support layer 104 and the second support layer 108 are respectively attached to the upper surface and the lower surface of the first flame retardant layer 102. In the present embodiment, first support layer 104 and second support layer 108 may increase the physical strength of the fire-resistant composite structure, so that the fire-resistant composite structure is not prone to collapse after burning.
In some embodiments, second support layer 108 in fire-blocking composite structure 300 may comprise a different material than first support layer 104. In some embodiments, the ratio of the thickness of the first flame resistant layer 102 to the thickness of the first support layer 104 is in the range of 1.5 to 20, preferably in the range of 2 to 10. And the ratio of the thickness of first flame retardant layer 102 to the thickness of second support layer 108 is in the range of 1.5 to 20, preferably in the range of 2 to 10. In some embodiments, the thickness of second handle layer 108 may be different than the thickness of first support layer 104.
Although only a fire-protecting composite structure having a two-layer or three-layer structure is shown in the present embodiment, in alternative embodiments, the fire-protecting composite structure may have more than three layers of structure, such as forming additional support layers above the upper surface of the first fire-protecting layer 102 and below the lower surface of the second fire-protecting layer 106 of the fire-protecting composite structure 200 of the present embodiment, or forming additional fire-protecting layers above the upper surface of the second support layer 108 and below the lower surface of the first support layer 104 of the fire-protecting composite structure 300 of the present embodiment. In alternative embodiments, the number and arrangement sequence of the fire-retardant layers and the supporting layers in the fire-retardant composite structure may be changed according to the actual application requirements, and are not limited to the embodiments described in the present invention.
The manner in which the fire-resistant composite structure of the present creation is made is described below in accordance with some embodiments of the present creation. In some embodiments of the present invention, the fire-retardant layer material mixed with the organic material and the inorganic fire retardant may be first manufactured in the form of plastic pellets by means of twin-screw granulation. The operation temperature of this step is, for example, in the range of 60 ℃ to 150 ℃, and the weight percentage of each material in the fireproof layer material is, for example: EVA from about 20% to 60%, ATH from about 40% to 20%, and APP from about 40% to 20%.
Then, the fire-retardant layer material in the form of plastic pellets is made into a sheet or a coil by a single-screw extrusion machine. Thereafter, in some embodiments, the sheet or web form of the fire-blocking layer material is laminated to a support layer (e.g., a stainless steel mesh) by hot pressing or lamination to form a multi-layer composite structure. In some alternative embodiments, the fire barrier material is applied to the support layer by single screw casting (casting) at an operating temperature, for example, in the range of 60 ℃ to 180 ℃ and at a flow rate in the range of about 2 meters per minute to about 5 meters per minute. In some alternative embodiments, the multilayer composite structure is formed using co-extrusion (co-extrusion) or injection molding (injection).
The fire-retardant composite structures of the examples of the present creation were subjected to fire-retardant and fire-retardant property tests, and the test results are shown in table 1 below. In this example, a single fire-retardant layer (a), a double-layer structure (a/B) in which a fire-retardant layer is attached to a support layer (e.g., the fire-retardant composite structure 100 of the present embodiment), and a structure (a/B/a) in which two fire-retardant layers are attached to the upper surface and the lower surface of a support layer (e.g., the fire-retardant composite structure 200 of the present embodiment) were tested. Although only the types of organic materials (e.g., EVA, PA) included in the fire-retardant layer are indicated in table 1, in practice, the fire-retardant layer in the structure to be tested has been doped with inorganic fire-retardant materials, such as Aluminum hydroxide (ATH), magnesium hydroxide (MDH), Boehmite (ALOOH or Boehmite), ammonium polyphosphate (APP), Melamine polyphosphate (MPP), Melamine Cyanurate (MCA), diethyl Aluminum phosphinate (ADP), and the like, one of the aforementioned inorganic fire-retardant materials may be selected for use alone, or two or more of them may be used in combination. As can be seen from Table 1, the single-layer flame retardant layer (A) having a single organic material and doped with an inorganic flame retardant material passed the flame resistance test of UL 94V-0, but failed both the spray gun test (see whether the flame penetrated the combustion surface after burning with a liquefied petroleum gas flame at 800-1300 ℃ for 90 seconds) and the impact test (see whether the combustion surface cracked by impacting the combustion surface with a 10kg ball at a rate of 3.1m/s after the spray gun test). In contrast, composite structures (A/B or A/B/A) comprising a fire barrier layer and a support layer all pass the UL 94V-0 flame resistance test, the test lance test and the impact test, and have fire protection capabilities in addition to flame resistance. It is known that, although a single fire-retardant layer has a flame retardant effect, a support layer must be added to prevent the structure of the fire-retardant layer from collapsing, and to provide a fire-retardant effect.
[ Table 1]
The fire-resistant composite structures of some embodiments of the present creation may be applied in a number of applications, such as architectural partitions, fire doors, smoke shutters or electronic partitions and housings, and the like. Although the fire-proof composite structure is illustrated as a plate structure, the present invention is not limited to this embodiment.
The embodiment of the present creation provides a fireproof composite structure, which uses a single organic material doped with an inorganic flame retardant as a fireproof layer, and attaches at least one fireproof layer to at least one supporting layer to form a composite structure, thereby increasing the physical strength of the fireproof structure. The fireproof composite structure of the creation embodiment has good fireproof capacity while having elasticity in manufacturing and processing, and structural collapse cannot occur after combustion. In addition, the organic/inorganic material included in the fire-retardant layer may also provide a good heat insulation effect after combustion.
The above outlines several embodiments so that those skilled in the art can better understand the view of the embodiments. Those skilled in the art should appreciate that they may readily use the present disclosure as a basis for designing or modifying other processes and structures for carrying out the same purposes and/or achieving the same advantages of the embodiments introduced herein. Those skilled in the art should also realize that such equivalent processes and structures do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure, and that they may make various changes, substitutions and alterations herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.
[ notation ] to show
100,200,300 fireproof composite structure
102 first flame retardant layer
104 first support layer
106 second fireproof layer
108 second support layer
T1 first thickness
T2: second thickness.
Claims (7)
1. A fire-resistant composite structure, comprising:
at least one fire-resistant layer comprising an organic material and an inorganic fire-retardant material; and
at least one support layer in direct contact with at least one of the fire barrier layers, wherein the fire barrier layer has a first thickness T1, the support layer has a second thickness T2, T1/T2 is in the range of 1.5 to 20.
2. The fire resistant composite structure of claim 1, wherein the fire resistant composite structure is a two layer structure and comprises:
a support layer having an upper surface and a lower surface; and
and the fireproof layer is attached to the upper surface or the lower surface of the supporting layer.
3. The fire resistant composite structure of claim 1, wherein the fire resistant composite structure is a three layer structure and comprises:
a support layer having an upper surface and a lower surface; and
and the two fireproof layers are respectively attached to the upper surface and the lower surface of the supporting layer.
4. The fire resistant composite structure of claim 1, wherein the fire resistant composite structure is a three layer structure and comprises:
a fire barrier layer having an upper surface and a lower surface; and
and the two supporting layers are respectively attached to the upper surface and the lower surface of the fireproof layer.
5. A fire-resistant composite structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fire-resistant composite structure is a fire-resistant layer of a building partition, a fire door, a smoke barrier or an electronic partition and enclosure.
6. The fire resistant composite structure of claim 1, wherein the fire resistant composite structure has a fire rating of UL 94V-0.
7. The fire resistant composite structure of claim 1, wherein the fire resistant composite structure is testable by a lance of lpg gas flame having a temperature of 800 to 1300 ℃ and a burning time of 90 seconds.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW109202890U TWM597795U (en) | 2020-03-13 | 2020-03-13 | Flame resistant multi-layer structure |
| TW109202890 | 2020-03-13 |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN213675870U true CN213675870U (en) | 2021-07-13 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202020985696.9U Active CN213675870U (en) | 2020-03-13 | 2020-06-02 | Fireproof composite structure |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN213675870U (en) |
| TW (1) | TWM597795U (en) |
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2020
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