CN213652204U - Anti-blocking vertical flow constructed wetland - Google Patents
Anti-blocking vertical flow constructed wetland Download PDFInfo
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- CN213652204U CN213652204U CN202022479028.1U CN202022479028U CN213652204U CN 213652204 U CN213652204 U CN 213652204U CN 202022479028 U CN202022479028 U CN 202022479028U CN 213652204 U CN213652204 U CN 213652204U
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Abstract
The disclosure relates to the technical field of artificial wetlands, and particularly provides an anti-blocking vertical flow artificial wetland. The anti-blocking vertical flow artificial wetland is wholly lower than the ground and sequentially comprises a pre-settling backwashing area, a wetland vegetation area, a deep denitrification area and a clear water area according to the water flow direction, the pre-settling backwashing area and the wetland vegetation area respectively comprise a substrate layer distributed with water distribution pipes, an ecological planting layer is further arranged on the surface of the substrate layer of the wetland vegetation area, and a three-way valve is arranged on part of the water distribution pipes of the pre-settling backwashing area; the deep denitrification region is positioned in a substrate layer of the wetland vegetation region, and denitrification fillers are filled in the deep denitrification region; the water inlet of the anti-clogging vertical flow artificial wetland is positioned on the surface of the substrate layer of the pre-settling backwashing area, and the water outlet is positioned above the clean water area. The problems that the constructed wetland is easy to block the substrate, the pollutant adsorption capacity is easy to saturate, and the substrate is difficult to clean after being blocked in the prior art are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the technical field of artificial wetlands, and particularly provides an anti-blocking vertical flow artificial wetland.
Background
The statements herein merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.
The current rural sewage treatment methods mainly comprise a biological treatment method, a physical treatment method and a chemical treatment method. The chemical method mainly comprises the steps of adding reagents into a water body, and although the purification is thorough, the cost for purifying the sewage is high, and secondary pollution is easily caused; the physical method usually adopts adsorbent adsorption, and treats the symptoms and the root causes. Although the biological method can be clean and safe, the operation and maintenance are difficult, and the implementation difficulty is high.
The artificial wetland is a novel sewage treatment process which is artificially designed and built and realizes the high-efficiency purification of sewage by utilizing the triple synergistic action of physics, chemistry and biology in a wetland ecosystem and through the technical principles of filtration, adsorption, coprecipitation, ion exchange, plant absorption, microbial decomposition and the like. And the constructed wetland has the advantages of low investment cost, simple operation and maintenance and capability of increasing the green space area.
However, the inventor finds that the artificial wetland mainly has four problems: (1) the problem of clogging of the substrate; (2) the matrix is single. After the operation is carried out for a period of time, due to the accumulation of organic matters, a mechanism is easy to block, so that the problem of water passing is caused; (3) the limited artificial wetland substrate is easy to adsorb and saturate pollutants, and the removal effect of the pollutants is reduced. (4) The original artificial wetland occupies too large area and is not easy to clean after being blocked.
The artificial wetland substrate and the structure are carriers of plants and microorganisms, and have decisive effects on the purification effect of the artificial wetland and the growth condition of the plants, so that the reasonable artificial wetland structure and the combination of the artificial wetland substrate have strong practical significance.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The constructed wetland treatment device aims at the problems that in the prior art, the constructed wetland is easy to block substrates, the pollutant adsorption capacity is easy to saturate, and the substrates are difficult to clean after being blocked.
In one or some embodiments of the present disclosure, an anti-clogging vertical flow constructed wetland is provided, where the anti-clogging vertical flow constructed wetland is wholly lower than the ground, and sequentially includes a pre-settling and backwashing area, a wetland vegetation area, a deep denitrification area, and a clear water area according to the water flow direction, the pre-settling and backwashing area and the wetland vegetation area each include a matrix layer on which water distribution pipes are distributed, an ecological planting layer is further disposed on the surface of the matrix layer in the wetland vegetation area, and a three-way valve is mounted on part of the water distribution pipes in the pre-settling and backwashing area;
the deep denitrification region is positioned in a substrate layer of the wetland vegetation region, and denitrification fillers are filled in the deep denitrification region;
the water inlet of the anti-clogging vertical flow artificial wetland is positioned on the surface of the substrate layer of the pre-settling backwashing area, and the water outlet is positioned above the clean water area.
One or some of the above technical solutions have the following advantages or beneficial effects:
1) the pre-settling and backwashing area is separated from the wetland vegetation area, solid pollutants are mainly precipitated in the pre-settling and backwashing area due to the fact that the solid adsorption capacity and the liquid adsorption capacity of the matrix layer are different, organic sewage entering the wetland vegetation area almost does not contain the solid pollutants, the problems that the matrix of a conventional wetland is single and easy to block are effectively solved, and the operation efficiency and the purification effect of the wetland are improved.
2) This disclose add anti-washing unit in preliminary sedimentation backwash district, after operation a period, can carry out the back flush, wash out the solid pollutant who deposits, it is comparatively serious when the jam condition in preliminary sedimentation backwash district, when unable can clear up through simple backwash, can dig out preliminary sedimentation backwash district, lay the matrix layer in preliminary sedimentation backwash district again, because separation in preliminary sedimentation backwash district and wetland vegetation district, and do not set up ecological planting layer, consequently do not influence the vegetation of the ecological planting layer on wetland vegetation district matrix surface.
3) The raw materials used by the substrate layer of the present disclosure have wide sources, the construction is simple, and the construction time and the cost can be saved; the operation and maintenance are simple and convenient, and the substrate can be conveniently replaced after the substrate is saturated.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this disclosure, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the disclosure and not to limit the disclosure.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the front side of the anti-clogging vertical flow constructed wetland in the embodiment.
Fig. 2 is a schematic top view of the anti-clogging vertical flow constructed wetland in the embodiment.
Wherein: 1. a water inlet; 2. a three-way valve; 3. a water distribution pipe; 4. a water collection pipe; 5. a crushed stone packing layer; 6. a ceramsite packing layer; 7. compounding a packing layer; 8. opening a hole; 9. a water outlet; 10. a substrate layer; 11. a pre-settling backwash zone; 12. a wetland vegetation area; 13. an ecological planting layer; 12. a overrunning tube; 15. a ball valve; 16. a clear water zone; 17. a deep denitrification area.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the disclosure without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the disclosure.
The constructed wetland treatment device aims at the problems that in the prior art, the constructed wetland is easy to block substrates, the pollutant adsorption capacity is easy to saturate, and the substrates are difficult to clean after being blocked.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the present disclosure provides an anti-clogging vertical flow artificial wetland, the whole anti-clogging vertical flow artificial wetland is lower than the ground, and sequentially comprises a pre-settling backwashing region 11, a wetland vegetation region 12, a deep denitrification region 17 and a clear water region 16 according to the water flow direction, the pre-settling backwashing region 11 and the wetland vegetation region 12 respectively comprise a substrate layer 10 distributed with water distribution pipes 3, an ecological planting layer 13 is further arranged on the surface of the substrate layer 10 in the wetland vegetation region 12, and a three-way valve 2 is arranged on part of the water distribution pipes 3 in the pre-settling backwashing region 11;
the deep denitrification region 17 is positioned in the substrate layer 10 of the wetland vegetation region 12, and denitrification fillers are filled in the deep denitrification region;
the water inlet 1 of the anti-clogging vertical flow artificial wetland is positioned on the surface of the substrate layer 10 of the pre-settling backwashing region 11, and the water outlet 9 is positioned above the clear water region 16.
In general, the substrate blockage is caused by the fact that polluted water contains a large amount of solid matters, water flow is slow, solid pollutants are precipitated in the substrate, the substrate blockage is finally caused, and the artificial wetland is difficult to operate.
Therefore, generally, the pre-settling and backwashing area 11 has only the substrate layer 10 and does not have the ecological planting layer 13, and the reason is that the substrate layer in the pre-settling and backwashing area may block backwashing, a large amount of pollutants float in the substrate layer during backwashing, and nutrition excess is not beneficial to growth for vegetation, on the other hand, when the pre-settling and backwashing area 11 blocks seriously and cannot be cleaned through simple backwashing, the pre-settling and backwashing area 11 can be dug out, the substrate layer 10 of the pre-settling and backwashing area is laid again, because the pre-settling and backwashing area 11 is separated from the wetland vegetation area 12 and the ecological planting layer 13 is not arranged, the plant growth of the ecological planting layer 13 on the substrate surface of the wetland vegetation area 12 is not affected.
And the clear water area 16 is not provided with the substrate layer 16 and the ecological planting layer 13. Generally, in the clear water area 16, the sewage treatment is considered to be complete, the content of organic matters in the water body is low, and the plants are not beneficial to growth, so the clear water area 16 is not provided with the ecological planting layer 13.
Under normal operation, between the water inlet 1 and the water outlet 9, water flows vertically up and down through the substrate layer 19 and the ecological planting layer 13, and the organic pollutants stay in the substrate for a long time, so that the organic pollutants can be better removed.
Preferably, the deep denitrification zone 17 is separated from the clean water zone 16 by a partition plate having a plurality of openings 8. In the field embodiment, after passing through the deep denitrification region 17, the water flow slowly enters the clear water region 16 through the opening 8 at the lower end of the partition plate, so that the denitrification can be more effectively carried out.
Preferably, the water inlet end of the water distribution pipe 3 is positioned at the water inlet 1, and the water distribution pipe 3 is provided with a plurality of openings. Specifically, one end of the water distribution pipe 3 is connected with the water inlet 1, the pipe wall is provided with an opening for distributing water to the substrate layer 10, water entering the artificial wetland at the water inlet 1 is distributed into the substrate layer 10 along the water distribution pipe 3, and organic pollutants are adsorbed and decomposed in the substrate layer 10.
Preferably, the matrix layer 10 comprises a gravel packing layer 5, a ceramsite packing layer 6 and a compound packing layer 7 from top to bottom respectively.
Preferably, the water distribution pipe 3 is positioned in a compound packing layer 7, the crushed stone packing layer 5 is also provided with a water collecting pipe 4, the water distribution pipe 3 is provided with a plurality of openings, the water collecting pipe 4 is divided into a backwashing water collecting pipe and an irrigation water collecting pipe, and the backwashing water collecting pipe is provided with a three-way valve 2. In order to prevent the substrate from being blocked, a three-way valve 2 is arranged on the water replenishing pipe for back flushing,
preferably, the wetland vegetation area 12 is an aquatic broadleaf plant growing area. Because the artificial wetland substrate layer is relatively moist, the wetland vegetation area 12 is suitable for planting plants with luxuriant branches and leaves, and canna is selected in some embodiments; has the functions of treating sewage and beautifying, the canna planting row spacing is 300mm, and the planting distance is 200 mm.
Preferably, the 11 water inlets in preliminary sedimentation backwash zone are established at 550 + 650mm apart from ground, and the delivery port is established at 450 + 550mm apart from ground, and other district's water inlets and delivery port are all established at 450 + 550mm apart from ground, and the water inlet height of preliminary sedimentation backwash zone is the highest.
In some embodiments, the compound filler layer 7 is filled with 0.45m, and the grain size is required to be 10-20 mm. The ceramsite packing layer 6 is filled with 0.2m, and the grain diameter is required to be 6-8 m. The crushed stone filler layer 5 is filled with 0.1m, and the grain diameter is required to be 2-4 mm.
Preferably, the three-way valve 1 is closed with a screw cap. The screw cap can prevent soil from entering and blocking the water distribution pipe 3, and when backwashing is carried out, the screw cap at the upper end of the three-way valve 1 is unscrewed, and the water distribution pipe 3 is backwashed by a water pump.
Preferably, the anti-blocking vertical flow artificial wetland also comprises an overrunning pipe 12, wherein the overrunning pipe 12 is a closed pipeline, does not provide water for the anti-blocking vertical flow artificial wetland, and is positioned on the surface of the substrate.
Preferably, the water inlet of the overrunning pipe 12 is positioned at the water inlet of the anti-blocking vertical flow artificial wetland, and the water inlet of the overrunning pipe is provided with a ball valve 15. In the actual use process, when the inflow is too big or the rainfall is too big, and the constructed wetland system can not normally discharge, can open and surpass pipe 12, discharge unnecessary water to delivery port 9. The closing of the override tube may be controlled by opening the ball valve 15.
The pre-settling and backwashing area 11 is separated from the wetland vegetation area 12, solid pollutants are mainly precipitated in the pre-settling and backwashing area 11 due to the fact that the solid adsorption capacity and the liquid adsorption capacity of the matrix layer 10 are different, organic sewage entering the wetland vegetation area 12 almost does not contain the solid pollutants, the problem that the conventional wetland matrix 10 is single and easy to block is effectively solved, and the operation efficiency and the purification effect of the wetland are improved.
The disclosure of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments, but rather to the specific embodiments, the disclosure is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. The anti-blocking vertical flow artificial wetland is characterized by comprising a pre-settling backwashing area, a wetland vegetation area, a deep denitrification area and a clear water area in sequence according to the water flow direction, wherein the pre-settling backwashing area and the wetland vegetation area respectively comprise a matrix layer distributed with water distribution pipes, an ecological planting layer is arranged on the surface of the matrix layer of the wetland vegetation area, and a three-way valve is arranged on part of the water distribution pipes of the pre-settling backwashing area;
the deep denitrification region is positioned in a substrate layer of the wetland vegetation region, and denitrification fillers are filled in the deep denitrification region;
the water inlet of the anti-clogging vertical flow artificial wetland is positioned on the surface of the substrate layer of the pre-settling backwashing area, and the water outlet is positioned above the clean water area.
2. The anti-clogging vertical flow constructed wetland of claim 1 wherein the deep denitrification zone is separated from the clean water zone by a partition having a plurality of openings.
3. The anti-clogging vertical flow constructed wetland of claim 1 wherein the water inlet end of the water distribution pipe is positioned at the water inlet, and the water distribution pipe is provided with a plurality of openings.
4. The anti-clogging vertical flow constructed wetland of claim 1, wherein the matrix layer comprises a gravel packing layer, a ceramsite packing layer and a compound packing layer from top to bottom.
5. The anti-clogging vertical flow constructed wetland of claim 4, wherein the water distribution pipe is positioned in the composite packing layer, the crushed stone packing layer is further provided with a water collection pipe, the water distribution pipe is provided with a plurality of openings and is divided into a backwashing water collection pipe and an irrigation water collection pipe, and the backwashing water collection pipe is provided with a three-way valve.
6. The anti-clogging vertical flow constructed wetland of claim 1 wherein the wetland vegetation area is an aquatic broadleaf growth area.
7. The anti-clogging vertical flow artificial wetland in claim 1, wherein the pre-settling backwash zone water inlet is arranged at a distance of 550-650mm from the ground, the water outlet is arranged at a distance of 550-550 mm from the ground, the water inlets and water outlets of other zones are arranged at a distance of 450-550mm from the ground, and the height of the pre-settling backwash zone water inlet is the highest.
8. The anti-clogging vertical flow constructed wetland according to claim 1, wherein the three-way valve is closed by a nut.
9. The anti-clogging vertical flow constructed wetland of claim 1 further comprising an overrunning tube, wherein the overrunning tube is a closed conduit and is located on the surface of the substrate.
10. The anti-clogging vertical flow constructed wetland according to claim 9, wherein the water inlet of the overrunning pipe is positioned at the water inlet of the anti-clogging vertical flow constructed wetland, and the water inlet of the overrunning pipe is provided with a ball valve.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202022479028.1U CN213652204U (en) | 2020-10-30 | 2020-10-30 | Anti-blocking vertical flow constructed wetland |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202022479028.1U CN213652204U (en) | 2020-10-30 | 2020-10-30 | Anti-blocking vertical flow constructed wetland |
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| CN213652204U true CN213652204U (en) | 2021-07-09 |
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| CN202022479028.1U Active CN213652204U (en) | 2020-10-30 | 2020-10-30 | Anti-blocking vertical flow constructed wetland |
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| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
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| TR01 | Transfer of patent right | ||
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right |
Effective date of registration: 20220111 Address after: Huai Village Street Huaiyin District of Ji'nan city of Shandong Province, No. 73 250022 Patentee after: CRRC SHANDONG Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: JIANGSU ZHONGCHE ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION EQUIPMENT Co.,Ltd. Address before: Zhengwen Road, Yushan high tech Industrial Park, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province, 215500 Patentee before: JIANGSU ZHONGCHE ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION EQUIPMENT Co.,Ltd. |
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| CP01 | Change in the name or title of a patent holder | ||
| CP01 | Change in the name or title of a patent holder |
Address after: Huai Village Street Huaiyin District of Ji'nan city of Shandong Province, No. 73 250022 Patentee after: CRRC SHANDONG Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: Jiangsu CRRC Huateng Environmental Protection Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: Huai Village Street Huaiyin District of Ji'nan city of Shandong Province, No. 73 250022 Patentee before: CRRC SHANDONG Co.,Ltd. Patentee before: JIANGSU ZHONGCHE ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION EQUIPMENT Co.,Ltd. |