CN213633803U - Frequency hopping self-frequency modulation signal processor - Google Patents
Frequency hopping self-frequency modulation signal processor Download PDFInfo
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- CN213633803U CN213633803U CN202021616877.0U CN202021616877U CN213633803U CN 213633803 U CN213633803 U CN 213633803U CN 202021616877 U CN202021616877 U CN 202021616877U CN 213633803 U CN213633803 U CN 213633803U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a frequency hopping is from tone signal processor, a serial communication port, including radio frequency sampling module, first signal processing module includes that first down conversion unit, first phase difference unit, the average unit of first accumulation, first phase place calculation unit, first frequency seek the unit, and motor control module includes frequency hopping unit, real-time tracking unit, motor step-by-step unit.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a signal processing technology, especially a frequency hopping is from tone signal processor.
Background
The magnetron transmitter is a kind of radar transmitter using a magnetron as a microwave power device, and is a microwave tube for generating a high-power microwave oscillation. The magnetron has the advantages of large output power, high efficiency, small size, low working voltage, light weight, low cost and the like. The magnetron mainly depends on a tuning mechanism to shield the resonant cavity, so that the oscillation frequency of the magnetron can be changed by changing the radius of the resonant cavity or the depth of the cavity bottom, and the position of the tuning mechanism is controlled by the rotation of a driving motor to change. However, since the connection between the magnetron and the motor is a mechanical structure, the tuning mechanism itself will shift during operation, and the oscillation frequency of the magnetron will be very unstable due to some factors, such as the shaking of the radar vehicle during driving, the impact, etc. It is therefore necessary to control the rotational position of the tuning mechanism so that the emission frequency of the magnetron is stable.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the utility model is to provide a frequency hopping is from tone signal processor, including radio frequency sampling module, first signal processing module includes first down-conversion unit, first phase difference unit, first accumulation average unit, first phase place calculation unit, first frequency seek unit, and motor control module includes frequency hopping unit, real-time tracking unit, motor step unit; the sampling module samples the emission frequency of a magnetron, the first down-conversion unit performs down-conversion on the frequency of a sampled radio frequency signal, the first phase difference division unit acquires the phase difference of adjacent sampling data, the first accumulation and averaging unit accumulates and averages the phase differences obtained by part of the sampling data, the first phase calculation unit acquires the arctangent value of the real part and the imaginary part ratio of the phase difference accumulation and averaged data according to a Cordic algorithm, the first frequency acquisition unit calculates the first frequency of the emission signal of the magnetron according to the arctangent value calculated by the first phase calculation unit, the frequency hopping unit acquires a control signal according to the first frequency of the signal of the magnetron, the real-time tracking unit generates a position information signal according to the control signal, and the motor stepping unit controls the rotation angle of a driving motor of a magnetron tuning mechanism according to the position information signal.
The second signal processing module comprises a second down-conversion unit, a second phase difference unit, a second accumulation and average unit, a second phase calculation unit, a second frequency calculation unit and a final frequency calculation unit; the second down-conversion unit is used for down-converting the signal frequency acquired by the first frequency acquiring unit, the second phase difference unit is used for acquiring the phase difference of adjacent sampling data, the second accumulation and averaging unit is used for accumulating and averaging the phase difference acquired by partial sampling data, the second phase calculating unit is used for obtaining the arctangent value of the real part and imaginary part ratio of the data after phase difference accumulation and averaging according to a Cordic algorithm, the second frequency acquiring unit is used for calculating the second frequency of the signal transmitted by the magnetron according to the arctangent value calculated by the second phase calculating unit, and the frequency acquiring unit is used for acquiring the sum of the first frequency, the second frequency and the signal center frequency; the sum of the frequencies replaces the first frequency as the input signal to the frequency modulation unit.
Further, the motor control module further comprises a one-key initialization unit, and the one-key initialization unit transmits initial data to the motor stepping unit or transmits the frequency acquired by the first signal processing module or the second signal processing module to the frequency hopping unit.
The processor is characterized by further comprising a cache unit, wherein the cache unit stores the signal frequency input into the frequency hopping unit before the processor is powered off last time; the frequency is transmitted to the frequency hopping unit after the processor is powered on.
Furthermore, a position frequency relation table is arranged in the motor stepping unit, and the relation among the rotation position of the driving motor of the magnetron tuning mechanism, the frequency of the signal emitted by the magnetron and the position information signal is recorded.
Furthermore, the device also comprises a detection unit for detecting whether the magnetron emits a signal or not.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model, have following advantage: (1) the real-time frequency of the magnetron can be accurately measured and the frequency of a signal emitted by the magnetron can be controlled; (2) the digital down-conversion can move the frequency spectrum of the radio frequency signal to a baseband, the system complexity is reduced for the signal processing of the back end, the frequency of the radio frequency signal is calculated by a phase discrimination frequency measurement method according to the phase difference of adjacent sampling points, and the method has good real-time performance; (3) the Cordic algorithm obtains the arctangent function through a series of angle rotations, the arctangent function can be simplified to shift operation when the arctangent function is realized in the FPGA, and finally errors caused by the frequency measurement algorithm are analyzed, so that the algorithm is simple and convenient to realize on an FPGA platform, high in efficiency, good in real-time performance and small in error, and is an excellent instantaneous frequency measurement algorithm.
The invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the working principle of the first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the working principle of the second embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
With reference to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a frequency hopping self-tone signal processor, which is implemented based on an FPGA and includes a radio frequency sampling module 300, a first signal processing module 100, and a motor control module 400. The radio frequency sampling module 100 samples a radio frequency signal emitted by the magnetron, and the first signal processing module 100 obtains a frequency of the radio frequency signal emitted by the magnetron according to the sampling signal. The motor control module 400 transmits a control signal to the magnetron to control the rotation angle of the motor driven by the magnetron tuning mechanism.
In this embodiment, the core chip of the rf sampling module 300 is ADC08D502, which is a dual-channel, low-power consumption, high-performance CMOS analog-to-digital converter. Therefore, two paths of radio frequency signals can be collected and calculated simultaneously, for example, the frequency ranges of the two paths of radio frequency signals are 920 MHz-980 MHz and 1020 MHz-1080 MHz respectively. The radio frequency signal is directly sampled according to the sampling theorem and the analog signal is converted into an electric signal. The theorem of sampling is
In the formula (1), fsMore than or equal to 2B as sampling frequency, B as bandwidth of radio frequency signal, fcIs the center frequency of the radio frequency signal, and n is a positive integer.
Further, when the sampling frequency fsWhen the requirement (1) is satisfied, the original signal can be recovered in an area without distortion, and f is within a frequency range of 920 MHz-980 MHz of the I-path radio frequency signal by taking two frequencies of the embodiment as an examplec950MHz, 60MHz, 9, the sampling frequency fs＝200MHz；
For the frequency range of the II-path radio frequency signals from 1020MHz to 1080 MHz:
fc1050MHz, 60MHz, 10 MHz, the sampling frequency fs＝200MHz；
Thus when the sampling frequency fsWhen the frequency is 200MHz, the requirement of the system can be satisfied.
The first signal processing module 100 includes a first down-conversion unit 110, a first phase difference unit 120, a first accumulation and averaging unit 130, a first phase calculation unit 140, and a first frequency obtaining unit 150. The input end of the first down-conversion unit 110 is in signal connection with the output end of the sampling module 300, the output end of the first down-conversion unit 110 is in signal connection with the input end of the first phase difference unit 120, the output end of the first phase difference unit 120 is in signal connection with the input end of the first accumulation and averaging unit 130, the output end of the first accumulation and averaging unit 130 is in signal connection with the input end of the first phase calculation unit 140, and the output end of the first phase calculation unit 140 is in signal connection with the input end of the first frequency obtaining unit 150. Specifically, the first down-conversion unit 110 down-converts the frequency of the sampled radio frequency signal, the first phase difference dividing unit 120 obtains the phase difference between adjacent sampled data, the first accumulation and averaging unit 130 accumulates and averages the phase difference obtained from part of the sampled data, the first phase calculation unit 140 obtains the arctangent value of the real part/imaginary part ratio of the phase difference accumulation and averaged data according to the Cordic algorithm, and the first frequency calculation unit 150 calculates the first frequency of the signal transmitted by the magnetron according to the arctangent value calculated by the first phase calculation unit.
Further, the first down-conversion unit 110 shifts the frequency to the baseband to reduce the complexity of the operation.
Further, the first phase difference division unit 120 performs conjugate phase on the sampled adjacent dataMultiplying, i.e. phase differencing, to obtain a phase difference R1(n-1,n)
R1(n-1,n)＝x1(n-1)x1 *(n) (2)
In the formula (2), x1And (n) is the nth sample data.
Further, since the phase information is sensitive to noise, when the phase is actually obtained, an accumulation average is performed to make the phase relatively stable, and meanwhile, the error caused by the noise is reduced. The first accumulation averaging unit 130 accumulates phase differences obtained from partial sampling data and averages the accumulated phase differences to obtain R1
In the formula (3), N is the number of samples.
Further, for frequency f1The calculation formula (4) finds that the arctangent value of the real part and the imaginary part ratio of the data after the phase difference accumulation average can be accurately obtained by adopting a Cordic algorithm.
The first phase calculation unit 140 may obtain the arctan value using a Cordic algorithm. The Cordic algorithm can be divided into two categories, rotation mode and orientation mode, in terms of rotation. The rotation mode rotates the vector according to a specified angle, and the orientation mode rotates the input vector to the x axis and finally records the rotation angle. Both Cordic algorithms can be applied to this embodiment.
Further, the first frequency finding unit 150 calculates the first frequency f of the magnetron emission signal according to equation (4)1。
Preferably, the core chip of the first signal processing unit 100 uses Xilinx Kintex7 series chip model XC7K160T-2FFG 676.
Further, when the transmitter is turned off, the instantaneous frequency measurement result is prevented from being inaccurate, and therefore whether the signal output of the magnetron transmitter exists or not needs to be detected in real time. In order to detect the transmission signal of the magnetron transmitter, the first signal processing module further comprises a detection unit 160, the detection unit 160 is divided into a noise amplitude and a radio frequency signal input amplitude according to the sampled signal amplitude, a proper threshold value is set, the noise is filtered and removed, meanwhile, the output of the radio frequency signal can be detected, meanwhile, detection processing (modulus) is carried out after digital down conversion, whether signal input exists or not is detected in real time according to the mutual comparison between the power and the threshold value, and a control signal is output to the instantaneous frequency measurement module for frequency measurement according to the detection result. And finally, intercepting the effective signal to a phase difference module for phase difference processing. The expression for the power detection threshold may be:
in the formula (5), P is the energy of the radio frequency signal, a is the real part of the signal, and b is the imaginary part of the signal.
In the actual implementation process, because various factors, such as errors caused by devices, errors caused by sampling, and the like, may degrade the frequency measurement precision, it is also necessary to perform secondary frequency measurement on the signal to obtain a fine measurement frequency. Referring to fig. 2, on the basis of the first embodiment, the present embodiment adds a first frequency f1To obtain a more accurate frequency. Using the second signal processing module 200 to process the first frequency f1The second signal processing module 200 includes a second down-conversion unit 210, a second phase difference unit 220, a second accumulation and average unit 230, a second phase calculation unit 240, a second frequency calculation unit 250, and a final frequency calculation unit 260. The input end of the second down conversion unit 210 is in signal connection with the output end of the first frequency obtaining unit 150, the output end of the second down conversion unit 210 is in signal connection with the input end of the second phase difference unit 220, the output end of the second phase difference unit 220 is in signal connection with the input end of the second accumulation and averaging unit 230, the output end of the second accumulation and averaging unit 230 is in signal connection with the input end of the second phase calculation unit 240, and the output end of the second phase calculation unit 240 is in signal connection with the input end of the second frequency obtaining unit 250The output of the second frequency calculating unit 250 is connected to the input of the final frequency calculating unit 260. Specifically, the second down-conversion unit 210 down-converts the first frequency of the signal, the second phase difference unit 220 obtains the phase difference between adjacent sampled data, the second accumulation and averaging unit 230 accumulates and averages the phase differences obtained from part of the sampled data, the second phase calculation unit 240 obtains the arctangent value of the real part ratio and the imaginary part ratio of the data after the phase difference accumulation and averaging according to the Cordic algorithm, the second frequency calculation unit 250 calculates the second frequency of the signal transmitted by the magnetron according to the arctangent value calculated by the second phase calculation unit 240, and the final frequency calculation unit 260 obtains the sum f of the first frequency, the second frequency and the signal center frequency.
The second down-conversion unit 210 first obtains the first frequency f1The sum of the sampling frequency of the rf sampling module 300, and then down-convert the sum of the sampling frequency of the rf sampling module 300 and the sampled signal frequency.
The second phase difference unit 220, the second accumulation and averaging unit 230, the second phase calculation unit 240, and the second frequency obtaining unit 250 operate in a similar manner to the first phase difference unit 120, the first accumulation and averaging unit 130, the first phase calculation unit 140, and the first frequency obtaining unit 150. The second frequency f is obtained in the second accumulation averaging unit 2302
Wherein f issFor sampling frequency, R2In order to average the accumulated data values,
n is the number of accumulated data, x2(n) is the nth sampling data after the mixing filtering of the initial measurement frequency and the radio frequency signal, Im (R)2)、Re(R2) Are each R2Real and imaginary parts of (c).
Preferably, the signal frequency closest to 0 is chosen, since 2 signals may be present after the second down-conversion 210. Therefore, the second signal processing module 200 further includes a filtering unit 270, which filters the down-converted signal to obtain a signal frequency close to 0.
It is verified that the final frequency error measured by the second signal processing module 200 is only within 200 Hz.
The motor control module 400 is connected to the first frequency obtaining unit 150 in the first embodiment or to the final frequency obtaining unit 260 in the second embodiment. Specifically, the motor control module 400 includes a frequency hopping unit 410, a real-time tracking unit 420, and a motor stepping unit 430. The frequency hopping unit 410 is based on the first frequency f of the magnetron signal1Or the final frequency f obtains a control signal, the real-time tracking unit 420 generates a position information signal according to the control signal, and the motor stepping unit 430 controls the rotation angle of the driving motor of the magnetron tuning mechanism according to the position information signal.
Further, the frequency hopping unit 410 is connected to the first frequency obtaining unit 150 in the first embodiment or the final frequency obtaining unit 260 in the second embodiment, and if the first frequency or the final frequency exceeds the error range of the working frequency point of the magnetron, the frequency hopping unit 410 sends a control signal, and the control signal can control the magnetron tuning mechanism to drive the motor to rotate to a proper working position.
Further, the real-time tracking unit 420 analyzes the control signal of the frequency hopping unit 410 to obtain the rotation angle information of the driving motor of the magnetron tuning mechanism.
Further, the motor stepping unit 430 includes a position frequency relation table, that is, a relation table between the rotation position of the magnetron tuning mechanism driving motor, the frequency of the magnetron transmitting signal, and the position information signal, which are in a one-to-one correspondence relationship. The motor stepping unit 430 performs table lookup according to the position information signal sent by the real-time tracking unit 420, obtains the rotation position of the driving motor of the magnetron tuning mechanism, and sends out pulse signals, the number of the pulse signals determines the rotation position of the driving motor of the magnetron tuning mechanism, that is, the position information signals are transmitted by the number of the pulses. Preferably, the motor stepper unit 430 is model DM 860H.
Further, the motor control module further includes a one-key initialization unit 440, and the one-key initialization unit 440 may be a multi-position switch: the first working position corresponds to the signal connection between the first signal processing module 100 or the second signal processing module 200 and the frequency modulation unit 410; the second working position correspondingly sends a signal to the magnetron, so that the positions of 12 frequency points of the magnetron transmitter are reinitialized, namely, the magnetron motor is controlled to rotate until the positions of the 12 frequency points are determined.
Further, in order to prevent data loss caused by abnormal power failure and achieve data recovery of the processor, the processor further includes a cache unit 500 connected to the motor stepping unit 430 for storing frequency point information and the position of the motor in real time. The buffer unit 500 selects a piece of SPI FLASH with the model number of W25Q64FVSS and the chip capacity of 64 Mbit. The cache unit 500 further stores the positions of 12 frequency points after the one-key initialization unit 440 controls the magnetron transmitter to initialize, and stores the positions as zero positions in the FLASH according to a frequency table generated by the zero positions. The position-frequency relationship table in the motor stepping unit 430 calculates the corresponding relationship among the rotation position of the driving motor of the magnetron tuning mechanism, the frequency of the signal emitted by the magnetron, and the position information signal according to the zero position.
The utility model discloses a theory of operation lies in: the frequency emitted by the magnetron is digitally sampled by the rf sampling module 300, and then down-converted by the first down-conversion unit 110, and then phase difference is calculated by the first phase difference calculating unit 120, after a certain phase difference is accumulated by the first accumulation averaging unit 130, the first phase calculating unit 140 calculates an arc tangent value by a Cordic algorithm, and the first frequency obtaining unit 150 calculates the first frequency. The first frequency calculated may be transmitted to the motor control module 400 for signal processing, or may enter the second signal processing module 200 for frequency measurement again to obtain a more accurate frequency. During the second frequency measurement, the second down-conversion unit 210 down-converts the first frequency, the second phase difference unit 220 calculates the phase difference, the second phase calculation unit 240 calculates the arc tangent value through the Cordic algorithm after the second-level class averaging unit 230 accumulates a certain phase difference, the second frequency calculation unit 250 calculates the second frequency, and finally the frequency calculation unit 260 obtains the sum of the first frequency, the second frequency and the central frequency of the magnetron. The frequency hopping unit 410 in the motor control module 400 compares the transmission frequency with the working frequency, if the transmission frequency exceeds the working frequency, a control signal is generated, the real-time tracking unit 420 analyzes the control signal to obtain the rotation angle information of the driving motor of the magnetron tuning mechanism, and the motor stepping unit 430 obtains the number of the sending pulses through table lookup and sends the sending pulses.
Claims (7)
1. A frequency hopping self-tone signal processor is characterized by comprising a radio frequency sampling module and a first signal processing module, wherein the first signal processing module comprises a first down-conversion unit, a first phase difference unit, a first accumulation average unit, a first phase calculation unit and a first frequency acquisition unit, and a motor control module comprises a frequency hopping unit, a real-time tracking unit and a motor stepping unit;
the sampling module samples the magnetron transmitting frequency,
the first down-conversion unit down-converts the sampled radio frequency signal frequency,
the first phase difference division unit acquires a phase difference of adjacent sampled data,
the first accumulation and averaging unit accumulates phase differences obtained by part of the sampling data and then averages the accumulated phase differences,
the first phase calculation unit obtains the arc tangent value of the real part and the imaginary part ratio of the data after the phase difference accumulation and averaging according to a Cordic algorithm,
the first frequency obtaining unit calculates a first frequency of a signal emitted from the magnetron based on the arctangent value calculated by the first phase calculating unit,
the frequency hopping unit obtains a control signal according to a first frequency of the magnetron signal,
the real-time tracking unit generates a position information signal according to the control signal,
the motor stepping unit controls the rotation angle of the driving motor of the magnetron tuning mechanism according to the position information signal.
2. The processor according to claim 1, further comprising a second signal processing module, wherein the second signal processing module comprises a second down-conversion unit, a second phase difference unit, a second accumulation and averaging unit, a second phase calculation unit, a second frequency obtaining unit, and a final frequency obtaining unit;
the second down-conversion unit down-converts the frequency of the signal obtained by the first frequency obtaining unit,
the second phase difference unit obtains a phase difference of adjacent sampled data,
the second accumulation average unit accumulates the phase difference obtained by partial sampling data and then averages the accumulated phase difference,
the second phase computing unit obtains the arc tangent value of the real part and the imaginary part ratio of the data after the phase difference accumulation and averaging according to a Cordic algorithm,
the second frequency obtaining unit calculates a second frequency of the magnetron transmission signal based on the arctangent value calculated by the second phase calculating unit,
a final frequency solving unit obtains the sum of the first frequency, the second frequency and the signal center frequency;
the sum of the frequencies replaces the first frequency as the input signal to the frequency modulation unit.
3. The processor of claim 1, wherein the motor control module further comprises a key initialization unit that transmits the initial data to the motor stepper unit or transmits the first frequency acquired by the first signal processing module to the frequency hopping unit.
4. The processor of claim 2, wherein the motor control module further comprises a key initialization unit that transmits initial data to the motor stepper unit or transmits the final frequency obtained by the second signal processing module to the frequency hopping unit.
5. The processor according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, further comprising a buffer unit for storing the frequency of the signal input to the frequency hopping unit before the processor is powered off last time; the frequency is transmitted to the frequency hopping unit after the processor is powered on.
6. The processor of claim 5, wherein a position frequency relationship table is provided in the motor stepping unit to record a relationship among a rotation position of the magnetron tuning mechanism driving motor, a magnetron emission signal frequency, and a position information signal.
7. The processor of claim 5, further comprising a detector unit for detecting the presence or absence of a signal emitted from the magnetron.
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| CN113676216A (en) * | 2021-07-15 | 2021-11-19 | 成都天贸科技有限公司 | Method for angle error demodulation by using frequency hopping signal |
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