CN213601891U

CN213601891U - Colored photovoltaic module

Info

Publication number: CN213601891U
Application number: CN202022852983.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 不公告发明人
Original assignee: Hangzhou Microquanta Semiconductor Corp ltd
Current assignee: Hangzhou Microquanta Semiconductor Corp ltd
Priority date: 2020-12-02
Filing date: 2020-12-02
Publication date: 2021-07-02
Anticipated expiration: 2030-12-02

Abstract

The utility model relates to a colored photovoltaic module, its inner structure includes metal backplate, insulating layer, colored electricity generation layer and protective layer from bottom to top, colored electricity generation layer includes back electrode, first current carrier transmission layer, colored perovskite light-absorption layer, second current carrier transmission layer and top transparent electrode from bottom to top. The utility model discloses an use the method preparation colored electricity generation layer of reverse order mode preparation colored photovoltaic module on metal backboard, the spraying protective layer is gone up on colored electricity generation layer afterwards, is obtained colored photovoltaic module. The utility model discloses use vacuum apparatus few, need not expensive evaporation equipment, need not the lamination step, the processing step is few, has saved laminator and packaging material's cost, has practiced thrift equipment in the production, packaging material's cost and production time.

Description

Colored photovoltaic module

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the photovoltaic module preparation, in particular to colored photovoltaic module.

Background

The conventional steps for preparing a photovoltaic module with a metal back sheet are generally as follows: and adhering the prepared photovoltaic module on the metal back plate in a laminating mode. The production by the method is complex in process, packaging materials which can increase the production cost, such as EVA, POE, PU or PVB adhesive films and butyl rubber, are required to be used, the production time is prolonged, and the batch production of the components is not facilitated. If the use of a glue film material with higher cost is completely avoided, a perovskite power generation layer needs to be directly deposited on a metal back plate, and the metal back plate is opaque, so that a conventional method for depositing the power generation layer on a transparent conductive substrate cannot be used for preparing the power generation layer.

The conventional method for preparing the perovskite power generation layer on the transparent conductive glass substrate comprises the following steps: a first carrier transmission layer, a perovskite power generation layer, a second carrier transmission layer and a back electrode are prepared on a transparent conductive substrate. The transparent conductive substrate is then required to be placed upward as a light incident surface. And during packaging, a layer of packaging adhesive film is arranged below the back electrode to serve as an insulating layer, the metal back plate serves as a back plate, and finally the assembled photovoltaic module is placed into a laminating machine for lamination.

If the transparent back sheet is replaced with an aluminum alloy sheet, the photovoltaic module cannot absorb light using the above conventional manufacturing sequence. Therefore, there is a need to change the process of manufacturing perovskite photovoltaic modules using metal back sheets. If the order of manufacturing the perovskite photovoltaic module is simply reversed, there is a problem that the solvent affects the performance of the metal electrode as well as the functional layers. Therefore, it is required to use a process containing less solvent for the preparation.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to solve the technical problem that a colored photovoltaic module is provided, the preparation technology of the perovskite photovoltaic module who uses the metal backboard is changed, the colored electricity generation layer is prepared through the method of using the mode of reversing to prepare colored photovoltaic module on the metal backboard, the protective layer is sprayed on the colored electricity generation layer afterwards, namely colored photovoltaic module.

The utility model discloses a realize like this, provide a colored photovoltaic module, its inner structure includes metal backplate, insulating layer, colored electricity generation layer and protective layer from bottom to top, colored electricity generation layer includes back electrode, first carrier transmission layer, colored perovskite light-absorption layer, second carrier transmission layer and top transparent electrode from bottom to top.

Further, the metal back plate is an aluminum alloy plate or an aluminum plastic plate.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses a colored photovoltaic module has following characteristics:

1. the concentration of the solution used in the spraying is high, and a large amount of solvent raw materials can be saved for mass production.

2. The corrosion effect of the solvent on the bottom functional layer is reduced. This is a great advantage over the production of functional layers by a solution method, which uses a solution containing a large amount of solvent in order to ensure the uniformity of film formation.

3. The vacuum equipment is less, expensive evaporation equipment is not needed, the lamination step is not needed, the processing steps are less, the cost of a laminating machine and packaging materials is saved, and the cost and the production time of the equipment and the packaging materials in production are saved.

4. The perovskite light absorption layer is directly prepared into the color layer, so that the cost caused by using color paint or color packaging material on the top is saved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of the color photovoltaic module of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical problem, technical solution and advantageous effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly understood, the following description is given in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments to illustrate the present invention in further detail. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

Referring to fig. 1, the preferred embodiment of the color photovoltaic module of the present invention includes a metal back plate 1, an insulating layer 2, a color power generation layer 3 and a protective layer 4 from bottom to top. The color power generation layer 3 comprises a back electrode 5, a first carrier transmission layer 6, a color perovskite light absorption layer 7, a second carrier transmission layer 8 and a top transparent electrode 9 from bottom to top.

The first carrier transport layer 6 may be an electron transport layer or a hole transport layer, and correspondingly, the second carrier transport layer 8 may be a hole transport layer or an electron transport layer.

The metal back plate 1 is an aluminum alloy plate or an aluminum plastic plate.

The utility model also discloses a preparation method of the colored photovoltaic module, which comprises the following steps;

firstly, preparing an insulating layer 2 on a metal back plate 1 by using a spraying method.

And step two, spraying and preparing a back electrode 5 on the surface of the insulating layer 2, and cutting P3 by laser.

And step three, spraying and preparing a first carrier transmission layer 6 on the surface of the back electrode 5, and cutting a P2 tangent line by laser.

And fourthly, spraying and preparing a color perovskite light absorption layer 7 on the surface of the first carrier transmission layer 6.

And fifthly, spraying and preparing a second carrier transmission layer 8 on the surface of the color perovskite light absorption layer 7, and cutting a P1 tangent line by using laser.

And sixthly, spraying and preparing a layer of top transparent electrode 9 on the second carrier transmission layer 8.

And step seven, spraying and preparing the protective layer 4 on the surface of the top transparent electrode 9.

In the fifth step, the material for preparing the color perovskite light absorption layer 7 comprises CsPbE₃、CH₃NH₃(I_XBr_1-X)₃And MA_1−xFA_xPbE₃Wherein E is Cl^-、Br^-、I^-At least one of the anions, X<=1）。

In the fifth step, a stabilizer for improving the stability of the material of the color perovskite light absorption layer is contained in the material of the color perovskite light absorption layer, wherein the stabilizer comprises any one of MAE, PTAE or methyl acetate, and E is Cl^-、Br^-、I^-At least one kind of anion.

The material for preparing the color perovskite light absorption layer 7 comprises a precursor A and a precursor B, wherein the precursor A comprises PbI₂、PbBr₂、PbCl₂Or Pb (CH)₃CO₂)₂•3H₂O (PbAc₂) At least one of, precursor B includes CH₃NH₃E or CsE, wherein E is Cl^-、Br^-、I^-At least one kind of anion. The color of the color perovskite light absorption layer 7 is adjusted by adjusting the proportion of the precursor A and the precursor B.

The following will further illustrate the method for manufacturing a color photovoltaic module according to the present invention with reference to specific examples.

Example 1

The utility model discloses a preparation method of colored photovoltaic module to spraying red perovskite solar cell on aluminum alloy plate is for example, includes following step:

and 11, dissolving polyvinylidene fluoride powder in N', N-dimethylformamide, and stirring for 6-8 hours at normal temperature to obtain a polyvinylidene fluoride-containing solution. Subsequently, a solution of polyvinylidene fluoride was sprayed on the surface of the aluminum alloy sheet with a spray gun having a nozzle diameter of 0.2mm and an operating pressure of 344 kPa. And heating and drying the polyvinylidene fluoride film at the temperature of 80 ℃ to obtain the insulating layer 2.

Step 12, dispersing silver nanowires into absolute ethyl alcohol, performing ultrasonic treatment for 10min to uniformly disperse the silver nanowires into the absolute ethyl alcohol, adding 3mL of perfluoro-methacrylic acid polymer, stirring for 30min, and centrifuging in a centrifuge at the rotation speed of 10000rpm for 2 min. Finally, the centrifuged silver nanowires were dissolved in 10mL of methyl perfluorobutyl ether. And spraying a silver nanowire solution with the concentration of 0.2mg/mL on the surface of an insulating layer (PVDF film layer) with the thickness of 80nm, and then baking in a vacuum oven for 10min at the temperature of 80 ℃ to finally obtain the transparent silver back electrode 5. Then, P3 was cut by laser cutting at a current of 28A, a speed of 500mm/s and a frequency of 90 kHz.

And step 13, preparing 5mg/mL of PCBM toluene solution, and then spraying at a position 10cm away from the silver back electrode 5, wherein the spraying pressure is 70psi, and the spraying speed is 2.5 muL/s, so as to obtain the PCBM of the electron transport layer.

Step 14, preparing a red perovskite solution, adding 40mL of CsI into hexane, stirring for 30min to obtain ink A, wherein the spraying pressure is 0.3Mpa, and the spraying atmosphere is N₂The spraying height was 20cm and the speed was 3 mm/s. Adding Pb (NO)₃)₂And preparing an ink B, namely depositing the ink A and then depositing a layer of the ink B. A layer of stabilizer methyl acetate is sprayed on, and then the solvent is blown dry by nitrogen by using another nitrogen nozzle, and the blowing pressure is 0.6 Mpa. After 30 times of circulation, the final red perovskite light absorption layer 7 is obtained.

Step 15, preparing 15mm absolute ethyl alcohol solution of nickel acetylacetonate, pumping the solution into a nozzle by using a syringe pump, spraying the nickel acetylacetonate solution on the surface of the red perovskite light absorption layer 7 by using compressed nitrogen at the speed of 3mL/min, wherein the height of the nozzle is 20cm, and heating the nozzle to 450 ℃ during spraying. When spraying, the scanning speed is 1400mm/min, the spraying route is sprayed along the directions of the X axis and the Y axis according to a Z-shaped pattern, and the spraying area is 2cm²And obtaining the NiOx hole transport layer. After the NiOx hole transport layer was applied, a laser cutting P2 was used, with a cutting current of 25A, a speed of 400mm/s and a frequency of 90 kHz.

And 16, dispersing the dried ITO powder into ethylene glycol, spraying the ITO powder on the surface of the hole transport layer in a nitrogen atmosphere, wherein the height of a nozzle is 20cm, and heating the nozzle to 300 ℃ during spraying to obtain the top transparent electrode 9. Laser cutting P1 was used, with a cutting current of 27A, a speed of 400mm/s and a frequency of 90 kHz.

And step 17, dissolving 0.2g of PMMA in 20mL of DMF, uniformly stirring, mixing with a mixture of 40mL of methyltrimethoxysilane and 0.1g of alumina powder again, injecting the dispersion into a spray head, spraying the dispersion on the surface of the ITO top transparent electrode 9, wherein the voltage of the spray head is 12 kV-14 kV, the spraying speed is 50mL/h, the spraying distance is 10cm, and the cycle number is 30-50 times, thus obtaining the protective layer 4.

Example 2

The utility model discloses a preparation method of colored photovoltaic module to spraying green perovskite solar cell on aluminium alloy plate is for example, includes following step:

and 21, dissolving polyvinylidene fluoride powder in N' N-dimethylformamide, and stirring for 6-8 hours at normal temperature to obtain a polyvinylidene fluoride-containing solution. Subsequently, a solution of polyvinylidene fluoride was sprayed on the surface of the aluminum alloy sheet with a spray gun having a nozzle diameter of 0.2mm and an operating pressure of 344 kPa. And heating and drying the polyvinylidene fluoride film at the temperature of 80 ℃ to obtain the insulating layer 2.

Step 22, dispersing the silver nanowires into absolute ethyl alcohol, performing ultrasonic treatment for 10min to uniformly disperse the silver nanowires into the absolute ethyl alcohol, adding 3mL of perfluoro-methacrylic acid polymer, stirring for 30min, and centrifuging in a centrifuge at the rotation speed of 10000rpm for 2 min. Finally, the centrifuged silver nanowires were dissolved in 10mL of methyl perfluorobutyl ether. And spraying a silver nanowire solution with the concentration of 0.2mg/mL on the surface of an insulating layer (PVDF film layer) with the thickness of 80nm, and then baking in a vacuum oven for 10min at the temperature of 80 ℃ to finally obtain the transparent silver back electrode 5. P3 was first cut using laser cutting at a current of 28A, a speed of 500mm/s and a frequency of 90 kHz.

And 23, preparing 5mg/mL of PCBM toluene solution, and then spraying at a position 10cm away from the silver back electrode 5, wherein the spraying pressure is 70psi, and the spraying speed is 2.5 muL/s, so as to obtain the PCBM of the electron transport layer.

Step 24, preparing a green perovskite solution, and adding 1mol of PbBr₂The powder was used as ink B, and the spray pressure was 0.3MPa, the spray atmosphere was N2, the spray height was 20cm, and the speed was 3 mm/s. Meanwhile, 1mol of MABr is used as the ink A, the ink A is firstly deposited, then a layer of ink B is deposited, and then stabilizer methylamine bromide (MABr) is sprayed, wherein the spraying pressure is 0.5 Mpa. The thickness was 2 nm. Preheating the substrate to 100 deg.C during spraying^oC. The solvent was then blown dry with nitrogen using another nitrogen nozzle at a purge pressure of 0.6 MPa. After 30 times of circulation, the final green perovskite light absorption layer 7 is obtained.

Step 25, preparing 15mm absolute ethyl alcohol solution of nickel acetylacetonate, pumping the solution into a nozzle by using a syringe pump, spraying the nickel acetylacetonate solution on the surface of the green perovskite light absorption layer 7 by using compressed nitrogen at the speed of 3mL/min, wherein the height of the nozzle is 20cm, and heating the nozzle to 450 ℃ during spraying. When spraying, the scanning speed is 1400mm/min, the spraying route is sprayed along the directions of the X axis and the Y axis according to a Z-shaped pattern, and the spraying area is 2cm²And obtaining the NiOx hole transport layer. After the NiOx hole transport layer was applied, a laser cutting P2 was used with a cutting current of 25A and a speed of 400mm/s at a frequency ofThe rate is 90 kHz.

And 26, dispersing the dried ITO powder into ethylene glycol, spraying the ITO powder on the surface of the hole transport layer in a nitrogen atmosphere, wherein the height of a nozzle is 20cm, and heating the nozzle to 300 ℃ during spraying to obtain the top transparent electrode 9. Laser cutting P1 was used, with a cutting current of 27A, a speed of 400mm/s and a frequency of 90 kHz.

And 27, dissolving 0.2g of PMMA in 20mL of DMF, uniformly stirring, mixing with a mixture of 40mL of methyltrimethoxysilane and 0.1g of alumina powder again, injecting the dispersion into a spray head, spraying the dispersion on the surface of the ITO top transparent electrode 9, wherein the voltage of the spray head is 12 kV-14 kV, the spraying speed is 50mL/h, the spraying distance is 10cm, and the cycle number is 30-50 times, thus obtaining the protective layer 4.

The above description is only exemplary of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention, as any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a colored photovoltaic module which characterized in that, its inner structure includes metal backplate, insulating layer, colored electricity generation layer and protective layer from bottom to top, colored electricity generation layer includes back electrode, first carrier transmission layer, colored perovskite light-absorbing layer, second carrier transmission layer and top transparent electrode from bottom to top.

2. The colored photovoltaic module of claim 1, wherein the metal back sheet is an aluminum alloy sheet or an aluminum plastic sheet.